North Carolina Newspapers

r NOETII CAROLINIAN, FAYETTEVILLES IT C- SATURDAY, December 4, 1858. The Legislature. We have devoted considerable space iti this week'n paper to the proceedings of the Legisla ture fince our last issue, to the exclusion of lass important matter. We had hoped to place before our readers the business transacted on Thursday. but are forced to go to press before the arrival of i our correspondence from Raleigh, in ordor to have I the Carolinian forwarded to our subscribers by the Salem mail, which closes Friday noon. The special order of business on Thursday, in the Commons, was the Western Railroad coal fields Bill a meas ure fraught with great importance, not only to this section of the State, but to the State generally. We trust that wise counsel have prevailed ; that the good of the State Las been considered, and that ere this, the Bill is in a fuir way of speedily becom ing law Mr Wiley was re-elected State Superintendent of Common School. Meeting of Congress. The second session of the XXXVth Congress will commence on Monday next, (Jth inst. The message will in all probability reach us on Thursday. Hon. Wakken Winslow, M. C, left town on Tuesday lust, by way of Raleigh, on his way to Wushingtom The Bank of Wilmington has declared a dividend of four per cent., payable on the 10th inst. Telegrafh to Raleigh. We are pleased to learn that the telegraph wire from Goldsboro' to Raleigh, is now in fine working order. Military. We Call the attontion of the officers and members of Volunteer Companies, to a notice in another column, which we copy from the Ra leigh Standard, in reference to an adjourned meet ing of the Officers of Uniformed Companies, to be held at Raleigh on Monday next, Oth inst Lfctuhe. Wm. K. Blake, Es.j , Principal of the Fayettevillo Female High School, will deliver a Jjceture m the M. E. Church, to-morrow (Sun day) forenoon, at half-past ten o'clock. Subject : History of the Methodist Church in Fayettevillo. From Mr. Blake's reputation as a lecturer. We feel assured he will do justice to his topic, and afford his hearers a treat, both useful and instructive. Usury Laws and Banks. The following from the New York Journal of Commerce, may not be inopportune at the present time, and not unworthy the attention of the mem bers of the Legislature, as this question will in all probability be brought before them during the pres ent session : To remove tho more common temptations to reckless banking, and to provide a more substan tial basis for the credit superstructure we cannot yet afford to demolish, why not take a step in the direction of freedom, and abolish the odious Usury Laws l It is the operation or these tyrannical regulations, left us as a legacy from the barbarous ages, which render so many other legislative re strictions necessary. We forbid the legitimate loaning of money at over seven per cent, and then create, by law, a class of institutions which are enabled to declare eight and ten per cent dividends by the very prac tices we are now exhausting our wisdom to pre vent. We increase the competition in banking, without increasing capital, by refusing the same profit to money employed in more natural channels ; and after stimulating this strife by every conceiv able legislative artifice, until the fever thus crea ted loads to all sorts of wild excesses, we set to work, on the homoeopathic principle to cool off the excitement and restrain the madness by a farther exhibition of the same process. Governor It. F. W. Allston, of South Carolina, in his message to the Legislature, thus briefly al ludes to the same subject : As to the banks, trusting to the experience and superior wisdom of members, I will not occupy you with any suggestions of my own, further than for the repeal of the usury laws, and to recom mend stability and as Utile legislation as possible. I would willingly diminish the number of banks, when existing charters expire. But, having once chartered a bank upon a basis insuring due respon sibility, I would trust its board of directors to man age the monopoly upon the recognised principle of banking, and the governing course of business, interfering not by temporary laws, harsh restric tions and penalties, believing, as I do, that the great security to the community for the faithful management of a bank is to be found in tho char acter of the persons by whom it is administered. President Buchanan's Letter. President Buchanan received an invitation from the citizens of Pittsburg, Pa., to be present at the Centennial Anniversary of the capture of Fort Duquesne, on the 25th ult., but in consequence of the pressure of public business, Mr. Buchanan was unable to leave Washington. The following letter announcing that fact is worthy the head and heart of tho distinguished writer: Washington', 22d November, 1858. Gentlemen : I have had the honor to receive your invitation to be present, on the 25th inst., at the Cantennial Anniversary of the capture of Fort Duquesne ; and I regret that the pressure of public affairs, at a period so near the meet ing of Congress, renders it impossible that I should enjoy the privilege. Every patriot must rejoice whilst reflecting upon the unparalleled progress of our country within the last centnry. What was, at its commencement, an obscure fort, far beyond the western frontier of civilization, has now become the centre ot a populous, commercial and man ufacturing city, sending its productions to large and prosperous sovereign States stiil farther west, whose territories were then a vast, unpar alleled and silent wilderness. From the stand point at which we have ar rived the anxious patriot cannot fail, whilst re viewing the past, to cast a glance into the fu ture and to speculate upon what may be the condition of our beloved country, when your posterity shall assemble to celebrate the second Centennial Anniversary of the capture of Fort Dnouesne Shall our icliole country men 1:0m- Shall our whole country then coro- nose one united nation more populous, powei - ful and free than any other wiucn nas ever ex- isted? Or will the confederacy have been reut asunder and divided into groups of hostile jeal- ona States? Or may it not be possible that e'er the next celebration all the fragments, ex hausted by intermediate conflicts with each other, may hav3 finally reunited and sought refuge uuder the shelter of one great and over shadowing Despotism ? These questions will, I firmly believe, under the Providence of God, be virtually decided by the present generation. We have reached a crisis when upon their action depends the pres ervation of the TJnion according to the letter and spirit of the Constitution j and this once gone, all is lost. I regret to say that the present omens are far from propitious. In the last nge of the Re public, it was considered almost treasonable to pronounce the word Disunion. Times have since sadly changed, and now Disunion is freely prescribed as the remedy for evanescent evils, real or imaginary, which if left to themselves would speedily vanish away in the progress of events. Our revolutionary fathers have passed away and the generation next after them who were inspired by their personal counsel and example have nearly all disappeared. The present gen eration deprived of these lights must, whether " or unot- d,eci(?e, the, fe of their poster ltv. Let them cherish the Union in their heart of hearts: let them resist every measure which may tend to relax or dissolve lis bonds: let the citizens of different States cultivate feelings of kindness and forbearance towards each other ; and let all resolve to transmit it to their descendants in the form and spirit they have inherited it from their forefathers ; and all will then be well for our country in future times. I shall assume the privilege of advancing years in referring to another growing and dangerous evil. In the last age, although our fathers, like ourselves were divided into political parties which often had severe conflicts with each other, 3'et we never heard j until within n recent oeriod. of the emnlovment of money to carry elections. Should this practice increase until the voters and their Representatives in the State and National Legislatures shall be come infected, the fountain of free Government will then be poisoned at its source and we must end, as history proves, in a military despotism. A democratic Republic, all agree, cannot long sur vive unless sustained by public virtue. When this is corrupted and the people become venal, there is a canker at the root of the tree of liberty which must cause it to wither and to die. Praying Almighty God, that your remote pos terity may continue, century after century for ages yet to come, to celebrate the anniversary of the capture of fort Duquesne in peace and pros perity under the protecting banner of the Constitu tion and the Union. I remain Very respectfully your friend, JAMES BUCHANAN. Dollars and Cents. The Black Republican presses are evidently coming to their senses. The Anti-Slavery agita tion has been forced to a climax by the Roches ter fire-brand speech of W. H. Seward, and arti cles are frequently making their appearance in the opposition prints, not at all favorable to the position of the New York Senator. The following from the New Hampshire Statesman, a Republican paper, is very suggestive, and worthy of serious consid eration . - "Now let us inquire, in the name of common sense, of what avail i it to prove by statistics that wo pay three-fourths of all the revenues of the go vernment, while Southern consumers are our larg est customers ? Of what avail is it to prove to the satisfaction of every politician that we supply the South with all that they wear from a top knot to a shoo latchet; with all that they use, from a steam engine to a friction mutch, when this very process feeds our manufacturers ? The South is as neces sary to the North as th North is to the South. Massachusetts alone makes finnuully six millions of dollars worth of shoes. . The 'South is her best customer. When the shoe business declines, gaunt hunger strikes through the streets of her flourishing villages New England is extensively engaged in the man- uiacture ot cotton. v c buy the raw material oi the South and pav in goods. When our spindles cease to whirl, the operatives are threatened with I starvation. It is the spirit of a hyena that bites the hand that feeds it. It is high time to cultivate j My Friends and Fellow Citizens: I re fraternal feeling between the different sections of turn to vou niv heart-felt thanks for this mag- our country. Neither commerce, manufactures nor agriculture can flourish, while tho two hostile portions of our country endeavor to cripple and injure each other. Supposing we succeed in con vincing the South of their dependence on us for all they cat and wear and use ; and thus stimulate them to establish manufactories for themselves, or divert their trade into other channels, are we gain ers by the process ? Suppose wo prove that they are indebted to us for all their literature and all their teachers, and thus rouse their hostility to our books and teach ers, are we benefitted in anywise ? No good has come, or will come, from this mutual crimination and recrimination. It neither strengthens ihe party, nor hastens the downfall of slavery. We hold that every State has a right to determine what institutions it will adopt. Whv, then, hoist the banner of No more slave States ! when tho very corner-stone ot our political inurif ik.ms uj.ou me principle mai a majority 01 tho people of every State, new or old, shall decide that question for itself?" AcciiiEXT to General Paez. At the military parade in New York last week, oir the anniversary of the evacuation of the city by the British, this distinguished patriot met with a very serious acci dent, by the fall of his horse, whereby his foot was crushed, and the limb otherwise injured. His intended return to Venezuela is unfortunately de layed for the present. The people of that country, who have just emerged from u'nder a cloud of go vernmental injuries and injustice, and obtained an honest and fair administration of all the functions of a constitutional government, have, with almost unanimous voice, invited the old hero to return to that land, for the welfare of which ho sedulously employed the vigor of his youth and of his matur er manhood, and is now willing to spend the re mainder of his days. Orders have been issued from the War Department for the detention of the government steamers until Tuesday next, which have been detailed to convey the General and his suite to Venezuela. We hope the veteran General may long be spared to guide the Venezuelans by the wisdom of his counsel and his pure patriotism. Kobeson County Agricultural Fair. In the List of Premiums awarded at the Robeson County Agricultural Fair, published in last week's issue of the Carolinian, and copied by the Observer, the following mistakes resulted from errors in the manuscript sent us for pub lication : Best Sow and Pigs, exhibited by A. D. McNeill instead of A. D. McLean. Best Bantam Fowls, exhibited by D. C. Malloy instead of C. C M alloy. Best specimen of Pears, (not Peas,) exhibited by D. C. McNeill. Antoinette. We publish the communication of our fair correspondent in defence of the Young Ladies, to avoid the allegation of partiality. We - - - l .... , .. , 1 . 4l . . age of crinohne. Rev. Wm.TI. Bobbitt This excellent minis ter, on Sunday forenoon, preached his last sermon as pastor of the M. E. Church in this town, and left on Monday last on a visit to his parents, be fore proceeding to Conference atNewbern. During the two years Mr. Bobbitt has filled the pastoral office in this place, his ministrations have been eminently blessed : numbers, especially of the the young, have been added to the church, and as a minister he has endeared himself to his whole flock, Mr. B. carries with him the good wishes of the entire community, and the prayersofLthe church that he may be abundantly succe.- the new fir-Id of labor to which he was recently appointed. Scottish American Journal,. J. W. Finlay, Esq.,, the. editor and proprietor of this poiu'ar paper, was for several years editor of a paper in Edinburch, Scotland, where he earned the reputa tion of an able and talented writer. His success I as a journalist on this sioV nf th Atwi i now beyond a peradventure. His paper, though only one year in existence, has an extensive circulation, especially among Scottish settlers and their de scendants, in many of the States, and it circulates freely throughout the British Provinces. Being aware that many'of his countrymen have adopted the Old North State as their home, and that they still cherish a fondness for the land of their sires, Mr. FUday has made arrangements whereby the the Scottish American Journal can easily be ob tained here. See our advertisinc: columns. New York Public Schools.- The Bible. Last Monday evening, a large and influential meeting was held in the Cooper Institute, to take measures to have the Bible restored in all the public Schools of the city, it having beeu excluded from thirteen of these Schools, by the action of the Roman Catholic officers in sev eral of tiie Wards. The meeting was presided over by Jas. W. Gerard, Esq., and a long list of Secretaries was appointed, headed by the Rev. Dr. Gardner Spring, and composed of tlie most prominent ministers and merchants of the city. Eloquent and powerful speeches were de livered, after which, the following i Resolutions were unanimously adopted : Resolved, That the institutions of this coun try are based upon the religious principlos of the people, and that the Bible is the foundation of all religion, and the highest standard of morality, and should be read iu all our Public Schools. Resolved, That we will not give oar support at the ensuing election, to any candidate for School Officers, who is known or believed to be in favor of the exclusion of the Bible any of the Pub ic Schools in our ci?y. from Judge Douglas. The threatening speech of Senator Seward at I the North, which has given him such prominence among his Black Republican confederates as a candidate for President in 18G0, has brought him into antagonism with the great leader of the Illi nois Demociacy, Stephen A. Douglas, rendering it highly probable that the latter will be a rival can didate for Presidential honors, j In the congratulatory speech of Judge Douglas which we annex to this article, delivered recently at Chicago, he strongly condemns the position ta ken by the Republican leader W. II. Seward, stig- m.iiising as heresy the issues presented by that I gentleman. We sincerely hone that.a reeoncilia- tion may soon unite the Administration with the Douglas Democrats upon every vital question of political controversy between the North and the ; South. Mr. Douglas has espoused the aide of the ,tt.r. nPvi1!ini ,v:fi, m, p,wnfjn. wWli. nnrlor exception, which, existing circumstances, is hardly important enough ' to 01 vlt, tne democratic party. yon my uificeut demonstration . The Democracy of Illinois have aclreved a noble victory over the combined forces os Abo litionism and its allies. Here the tumult was renewed and the speaker suspended his remarks tor a moment. Ion have a right to oe promt of this glorious triumph It is the triumph of the Constitution over faction ; it is the tri umph of the glorious principles of the Union over fanaticism and sectionalism ; it is the tri umph of the principles of self-government over Congrcsssional interference and Executive dic tation. " Good, good," and cheers. Four months ago I opened the canvass in a speech from this balcony to uncounted thou sands. I now appear before you to receive the congratulations of as many more thousands, re- j ioicin"- in the reat triumph. LHere the tu mult rose a"rain. and Judire Douglas, turning to Dr. McVickar, said, ' There is no use in trying to speak to such a crowd." After a pause he proceeded : While it is right and pro per t hat we should rejoice at the success of these sound, constitutional principles, which will bring peace and harmony to the Republic, let ns bear iu mind that we should bear our victory with moderation, and in enjoying our triumph, remember justice. With the result of this election let all the asperities, and the heated feelings, and the angry passions that have been aroused with it, be buried forever Applause It is neither just nor magnani mous to rejoice over a fallen foe. Let us teach our political opponents that we have trampled over them ; the victory is for their good as well as onrs. Cheers and cries of " hear, hear, order, silence." When we put sound, just and constitutional principles into practical operation in this Government, the Republicans may enjoy the blessings which follow as well as Democrats. Hence, while it is just that all should rejoice in this triumph, we should be magnanimous, and kind, and generous toward ! those with whom we have d'ffered in opinion. " Good, good, good," and applause. Let us bear in mind that while we are divided into political parties, separated from each other by antagonistic principles, yet we ate all citizens of a common Republic we all revere the glo ries of our past history we all trust that our posterity will share a common destiny in the blessings of republican government in all time to come. Applause. The Union, under our glorious Constitution is the greatest legacy that Divine Providence has ever conferred upon a free people. Let that Constitution be administered as our fath ers made it ; let that glorious bond of nnion bind these States together forever ea h State maintaining its sovereign right to dispose of its own internal affairs and regulate its own do mestic institutions to suit itself. Applause. Let that great principle of popular sovereignty which underlies all our republican institutions be carried out in good faith in Stales and Ter ritories alike. Applause. Let Illinois reg ulate her own affairs to suit herself mould her nw incfifnt;nnQ firpnrHi io ti w i- nrichac . . .1 the, mind her own business, and let every other State do the same thing, and then we shall le thimr. and then we h-li have peace and harmony among the different states of the 'Union. Let us discard forever that fatal heresy which tells us that this TJnion divided into free and slave states, as our fath ers made it, .cannot endure ; let that fatal her esy which says that these states most all be come Free or must all become slave must all be one thing or the other, be banished forever. On the contrary let the great principle of popular sovereignty that great principle of state rights and state sovereignty prevail, which declares the right of the people of each State and each Territory to manage its affairs in its own way, subject only to the constitution of the United States. Cheers. When that principle shall be recognized and obeyed by the American people, North and South, there will be peace, and harmony, and fraternity among the States of this Confederacy J but so long as that monstrous political heresy shall prevail, that the North must combine against . .... . . , i the South to abolish slavery everywnere, anu that the South must combine against the North to esiaons:i u everywhere ; that there most be sectional strife between the South and the North for the ascendency so long there will be dis cord and hatred between the different sections of the Union. (Applause.) An Elective Judiciary. In New York, on Thanksgiving day, the Rev. Dr. Hawks of the Episcopal Church preached an eloquent sermon, in which he boldly attacked mtrhy of the existing evils of the city. He stated, in language clear and forcible, the main objection to , . 43 to i the present system of appointing judges, and also the principle upon which all judicial appointments ought to be made. The Dr. says : ' But the system is also fatal to purity in the administration of justice. No one whose duties have made him experimentally acquaint ed with judicial proceedings, can fail to know the constant risk of injustice, when he who presides over, and dispenses the law on trial, is permitted in any mode, direct or indirect, to be under personal obligation to any suitor that comes before the court. If it were sought on t.hfi nart of a suitor to create-such obligation by a direct bribe or by purchase, in the shape of a costly present discreetly or secretly be stowed, the iniquity would be equally plain and punishable ; but bribes are not necessarily in the shape of money or presents ; obligation may be created by electioneering services and votes ; and lis wiio has conferred and he who has received such obligation, alike know that a reward is expected ; and human virtue, alas ! is not always strong enough to disappoint such expectation." The New York Times makes the following comment on the above : It is a very rare thing to hear a political blunder or abuse hit so fairly in a sermon. To make as close an approximation to a perfect (judge as human nature will allow, we must first fand an honest man, with a good intellect ; then make him practice law industriously, and study diligently, for fifteen or twenty years ; then put him on the Bench, and pay him so well as to raise him above ordinary pecuniary temptation ; then make the duration of his of fice dependent solely on his good behavior first, in order that he may not be obliged to pay court to any one in order to retain it, and secondly, that he may discharge his duties properly. To have the judge thus qualified was one of the cardinal points in the early struggles of the popular party in England, and, until it was attained, there was not a single provision in the laws and customs of the realm, for the protection of the people's rights, wortii one cent. As long as the judges were depen dent on the crown iu any way, Magna Charta, ; the bill of rights, and habeas corpus, were all so much waste paper. The reform, which was finally carried, contained two important ele ments of judicial independence high pay and tenure of office during good behavior. Custom and decency added a third long experience and high character at tin- bar. On this reform hang all the liberties of England. And the New York Herald, which cannot be accused of leaning too much to " virtue's side," furnishes the following view of the prac tical working of the elective system : "Our courts of justice, with one or two ex ceptions, are now nothing more than the are nas tor the exhibition of party and personal i fee intr. of ill-hre.din.r on tho nnrt. nf nnnuspl j and of stupidity and "imbecilitv on the part of judges, and for confounding inextricably every question ot law and fact that comes up before them. The decision that is made bv one iudre mi f ( ; to-day, is revised and reversed to-morrow by another judge, sitting in a court of co-ordinate or inferior jurisdiction, regardless of law, of justice, of decency, or of judicial etiquette. In consequence of these judicial cross purposes and antagonistic decisions, cases are got into inextricable confusion, justice and equity are defeated, frauds against the city and against individuals are sustained, and scoundrels who ought to be serving the State in the peniten tiary or State prison, or who onght to have ex piated their guilt upon the scaffold, are turned loose upon society or allowed to cheat the gal lows for years. All this is due to our present judiciary system, as organized by the Consti tution and the Code, The prizefighters and shoulder-hitters and bullies and vagabonds who control the primary elections are the source from which we get our judges ; and from such a polluted source it would be unnatural to ex pect any thing pure." MILITARY. Officers and members of the Volunteer Com panies of the State, will remember that a move ment of some importance to their interests is at present in contemplation, and will soon be put into execution. We refer to an adjourn ed meeting of the officers of all the Uniformed Volunteer Companies of the State, to be held at Raleigh, on the first Monday in December, to consult and advise on the best means and most proper form of petitioning the present Legisla ture to grant such privileges and immunities to persons belonging to Uniformed Volunteer Com panies as shall induce our citizens, and espec ally our young men. to give more of their time and attentiou to military affairs than they are at present willing to do. A meeting of this sort was called at our State Fair, but, owing to proper notice not having been given, the attendance, although good, was not so large as those present were desirous should be represented. We hope therefore, that all our officers will make an effort to attend this convention, as the move ment is fraught with interest to all, and will, no doubt, be productive of good to the State at large. Officers are desired to bring their Uniforms. The leaf of an album, on which Byron had wie".fnr H?es of Poeiry. was recently sold gave A"'"ce Ala,v' ana a Russian nouieraan $1600 for it. For the North Carolinian. To The Boys. Having picked up a paper some weeks past, and on looking over it, ray eyes glanced on a piece directed to the Girls, which I do not thinK was at all suitable. It roi-rht be to with whom I am not onn;nt j - . .... uuu an tills IS I ,, 1-' not the first time the Girls have been s highly i agreeo- that there shall be flo fnor tramps complimented as to receive snch kind advice I po the cross in Japan: that Ameri from an uncalled-for source, I think it would jeans shall be allowed to reside in such ports be very ungrateful for them not to show their as are ooened. to build MinrliP9. nnd in gratitude in some way. As it has been several ! weeks since it came oat in the papers, I have I nearly torgotten the various points on which the Gills are so deficient, but 1 shall endeavor to congratulate the boys of their thoughtful ness in reminding the Girls of their duty. I think there was something said about choosing Girls to cook. Boys, if you wish to marry for the sake of getting a cook which I believe the most of you do you had better stay single, or wait until the first of January, which is not very far off, and then you can get one to suit you better than the Girls who finger the piano, or do needle work. Now, I can just tell you, if you don't like to see painted faces vou can turn your heads another way, and do not flatter yourselves that they are intended for your special notice ; and as yon imagine that hats and whiskers have been the cause of so many failings among the weaker sex, I think, through kindness and pity for the Girls, they ought really to make their walks on front street less frequent for fear they should meet With some of the foolish Girls, and be the cause of doing , ' some great damage Yon mentioned that they ought to try to make themselves worthy being caught hy the whiskers and hats. I don't think that there is a boy (with some few ex ceptions) in the town of Fayetteville, that is worth the trouble of daubing faces for, or young gentlemen, as they think themselves, merely because they can put out a moustache, wear high-healed boots, smoke cigars, and drop in bar rooms once or twice a day and call for a glass of Pop, or some other fashionable drink. I have forgotten many of the complimentary remarks, and therefore, I am well aware that I am incompetent to do the jrirls iustice in re plying to it : however, by inserting this in the columns of the Carolinian, you will oblige, ANTOINETTE Last Year's Trade. The official tables of the commerce of the United States for the fiscal year 1857 '58 have just b'een published. They show, as was expected, a surprising increase in the exports of this country, and a large decrease in the imports. Onr exchanges with the the world at large leave a balance to our credit of $42,031,271 for the year. Last year we had a balance in our favor of $2,070,000. Former years always left us in the world's debt. The principles of commerce are now be coming better understood than they were in the days when it was considered a grand thing to have a large export and a small import trade. It is now well known to all commercial men that there exists a neces sary proportion between the imports of a country and its exports, and that a nation which takes little from foreign countries can not expect them to take much from it. If our imports fall off permanently, so will our exports; if we desire the foreign world to buy freely of our cotton and breadstuff's, we must buy freely of their wares and products also. Trade generates trade ; if we cease to buy British manufactures, tbey will find some other country from which to import flour and cotton ; and if we take all the sur plus which the manufacturers of Great Brit- ain can produce, they will take all the cot ton and corn we can grow. It is not therefore at all desirable that our imports should fall below a reasonable figure. Last year we took, in round num bers, $202,000,000 of foreign goods and merchandise ; the year before we took $348,000,000. Next year, in all proba bility, our consumption of foreign wares and merchandise will be nearer $350,000,000 than $300,000,000. And if it exceeds three hundred and fifty millions, we may rely up on it that the foreign world will be enabled to take so much the more of the merchan dise we produce. Harper's Weekly. State Debt of Virginia The aggregate public debt ot Virginia, on the 1st of October, amounted to twenty-eight million eight-hundrtd and twelve thousand nine hundred and ninety six dollars, of which fifteen million four hundred and seventeen thousand nine hundred and ninety-six dollars consisted of certificates of regis tered five and six per cents., eleven million five hundred and thirty thousand dollars in the form of coupon bonds, and one million eight bundled-and sixty-five thousand dollars in the form of five per cent, sterling coupon bonds. Richmond Whig A Negro Running for Representative in Maine An election for Representative, to fill the place of Wm. Chase, resigned, took place in Portland, Me., on tlie 18th Nov'r. Neal Dow, ths great temperance and negro-equality champion, and a colored man, named Peter Francis, were the principal competitors. There being but an indifferent selection for candidates comparatively few votes were cast, but the people generally preferred the white man to the Republican of a darker shade, and so " tem perance and freedom" triumphed by a majority of seven hundred and seventy-two votes. The city election iu Portsmouth N. H. last week resulted in the success of the Democratic candidate for Mayor, Robert Morrison, Esq. The American Republican ticket prevailed in one Ward, and the Democratic in all the others. War Expenditures. It is stated that the annual report of the quartermaster general, which is now ready for the press, shows the expenditures of that branch of the War Depart ment to have been $9,730,385. The largest amount of this over four millions has been appropriated for the Utah campaign, and the next largest for the Pacific department. The Black Republican members of the Leg islature of Indiana have endorsed the doctrine of Popular Sovereignty, as expounded by Douglas, and expressed a willingness to abide by the Dred Scott decision as explained in the Freeport speech of the Senator from Illinois. The U. S. steam frigate Wabash, one of the heaviest of frigates, and which excited the jealousy of European Ministers, Consuls, &c, in the East, lately visited Constantinople, and received a visit from the Sultan and his chief officers, who thus expressed towards the great Republic a degree of amity of feeling which he hasscarcely evinced towards his late allies in the Russian war. The foreign repres entatives desired to create a jealousy towards onr country, among the members of the Turkish Government, bat they signally failed. The New Treaty with Japan. A correspondent of the New York Herald gives the following abstract of the provi sions of the Japan treaty, which he obtained from Mr. Harris, out consul i " Anions other thins?, therelore, it la worship their God : that Japanese also shall be granted religious freedom. That the tax of six per cerit re-coinage now paid by the American purchaser of Ja panese goods, shall be dispensed with. That this treaty shall take effect from the 4th of July, 1859, though some of the ports are not to be opened until later. That the port of Simoda shall be closed, and that of Kanagawa shall be opened in its stead. That the port of Hego (which is the sea port of the great cities of Osaca and Miaco) shall be opened to American trade. That Americans shall not wander to Jed do from Kanagawa. That Japanese coin may be exported af ter it has been purchased by weighing A merican coin against it o-old against scold, and silver against silver. And that a minister shall be sent to the United States." The treaty was signed by Mr. Harris, the American Consul General at Simoda, and by the representative of the Japanese Emperor, on the 29th of August last. Great Britain has procured a treaty with similar provi sions. Colportage in North Carolina. Since the 1st of Sept. I have labored, more or less, in over 30 counties in N. C, traveling on Railroads, in buggy, and in the rougher mountains, on mule back, and day after day I went on foot in order to reach the poorer cabins. Of the 5G2 families visited, I found 172 who never had a relig:ous visit and prayer before, and many had not attended preaching from 3 months to 9 years, because of the distance, or affliction, or ignorance of the duty or prejudice, or love of distilleries, grog shops and places of amusements, which are resorted to on the Sab bath bv parents and children. I was kindly received by all at their firesides, where I con'd adapt both talk and books to their wants, and they made to feel that they were cared for by pious and intelligent christians belonging to more than 20 denominations who sent me to their houses. Which fact being made known, the mcst ignorant is favorably impressed iih Christianity." In this general work of christian effort I was warmly received by ministers of the different denominations, who expressed, and acted out, their increasing convictions of the necessity lor this work, by which most effectually to go everywhere " pleaching the word." A prom inent itinerant minister writes, " I love the American Tract 6'ociety. It is a good work, and we should co-operate with it and all similar agencies that can reach the population of our, as yet, unexplored and neglected country. " This minister enabled me to get about $150 in three of his feeble congregations. Another writing to his parish says, "I very heertily commend the work ot supporting a Colporteur to all who desire to discharge a duty to the ignorant and destitute among us. " lie guvo meSlO and soon about SS0 were "iven. In many of the more thickly settled sections there are churches well attended by pious, in telligent people, who are having good schools. I was frequently told that our Colporteurs' visits from house to house, had awakened an in creased interest in going to church and reading. I learned of over 70 Sabbath Schools result ing, more or less, from Colportage. In one county where there were oitly 3 Sabbath Schools there are now 36. In this counlv, as far us known, every family was visited and each one supplied with gospel truth by sale or grind. ; and over 800 converts are reported from it this year. The work in this county is suppor ted by a few benevolent persons of moderate means. In many counties from 200 to 800 have been hopefully converted this year, many of whom attribute their awakening to tracts, and books. One lady thanks God for raising up the American Tract Society which sent her " Come to Jesus, " by which she was led to Christ. Her pious example and teaching, in answer to her prayers, had been blessed in the reformation of her drunken husband, to whom she was afraid even to speak about religion. But the truth she taught the children and their love of prayers, effectually reached the drunken father's heart and he has embraced Christ, and been a consistent member of the church several ninths, conducting family prayer. Snch facts should stimulate each person, whether in or out of the church, to prompt and continued action either iu giving to support a Colporteur, who will carry the Sabbath School and Gospel to the fireside of rich and poor ; or in buying books and tracts to distribute among the people, the influence of which will continue for the good of souls and our country. One of moderate means, obtained by daily labor, gave me $100 by which 5 children are made Life members, who draw annually 1500 pages gratis while they live. Many others are doing the same by giving $20 each. Others are giving $10, $5 and down to the widow's 50 cents One of whom sent with her 50 cents these lines " Enclosed is the widow's mite. It is the last cent I have, which God enabled me to earn, with my fingers and lay by to make tracts. Although little, I trust it will be acceptable." Such are precious jewels in the church, to bless and save the world, and showing that each lay man and woman can and must exercise his and her talent to aid the ministry in spreading the gospel. I shall ever owe a debt of gratitude for the kindness and hearty co-operation of the many friends in the different counties in the extreme western part of N. C That section is highly interesting and promising, and I trust we shall soon have a Colporteur in every county there, to reach the scattered and otherwise almost in accessible families. Our Colporteur Convention which met atBaltimore, Md , the 4tb of Nov., must result in great good in promoting the effi ciency of this book aud fireside preaching sys tem for the salvation of souls. Our warmest thanks are due the different Rail Road officers, who have shown us great favor, which will enable us to furnish hundreds of our poor and needy with Bibles and religious books. Each one may do something for Jesus, and souls, and let it be done quickly and con tinually, as the day of life with each one will soon be gone, and souls goue eternally. Yours truly, W. J. W. CROWDER, Gen. Agt. of Am. Tr. Soc. for N. C. Raleigh, Nov. 24th, 1858. The city of Jeddo, the capital of Japan, is said to be, without exception, the laigest city in the wotld, as it is said to contain 1,500,000 dwellings, and 5,000,000 inhabitants !