Newspapers / The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, … / July 16, 1885, edition 1 / Page 1
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I' Si S6 8-1 A1A ft yOJL.vXL GRAHAM, N. C, THURSDAY, JULY 16, 1885. NO. 23. POETB V. TEE LJFE OF &ONQ. Is there anything on ear.h, - H hern the strongest are not strong, Half so feeble tn iu birth. Or so sui of death, as Song t : Frailer blossom never grew, 1'eltea by the rummer ruin ; lighter luf-cct never flew bcH'ccly come ere icono again I Children, who chase bulte.tties, May parson it. to and fro. Liltlu maid who sigh, "Heigh-ho !'' May deolore it, when It dies; Loftier deerls to men belong Lai ger Life than Song I , There K nothing on the eerth, Wli n to mai.y things are strong, Hulf so mighty In iU birth, Audso sure of life, as Song, Never pine on mi.nnmln higUt So tne thunderbolt defies ; Never eagle in his flight 8ara witli such undaunted eyes, Uonqnerors pull empires down, Think they will ot be forgot ; But if song pnrsue th"ra not. Time destroys their weak rraiwn, , Nothing is remembered long . . But the life of Song. . D. Stoddard. FATHER'S ADVICE TO HIS SON. "WORTHY EVERY YOUNG MAN'S ATTEN TION. To the Editor of the Brooklyn Eagle ; Your Issue of" yesterday conveys the ad intelligence of the death by Roman ; fever of Mr. Edward Pierrepont, re cently secretary of the American lega tion at Rome. Mr. Pierrepont was a young man ot rare gifts and accom- : plishments and oi great promise. He was a brilliant scholar, a close student, a thoroughly upright Christian gentle" man, and a manly fellow. His inner itcd tendencies were favorable to the reception of good impressions, and he had absorbed a mother's graces and wisdom and a father's culture and 8trength. . ''; v: ; TCdiiniifai? nf. CirfnrA TTni vArait. v. "En (in land, and thereafterr law student at IrtlumKIn f.t1t&(ya- lia dUa nt-. fhn eArlv age of twenty-five, shattering the bril liant hopes and rainbow promises of parents who counted not their, life dear unto them in serving their only son. Alas, what blighted hopes 1 what bril liant: hmlrAn nlnna I Tn-tlfiv Mr. and Mrs. Pierrepont are hastening to the . hndai'la of their bov. whose death id as - yet unknown to them. For a score of years I have enjoyed the warm person al and much-valued friendship of the father, Mr. Edwards Pierrepont, Mr. Lowells predecessor its u in tea states minister to England, and known of lus ' solicitude, hopes and plana for his son. li On the 8th of Maroh,1879,Mr. Pierre- pont wrote a private letter to his son for. his future guidance and help, in- ' triuHnv mn with a conv at that time o - i - Thi lot tor an iirmrrafod me bv its Wis dom and discretion tha I now offer it, upon my own responsibility, for publi cation. I do this in the conviction that many a young man who leads it will teachings and guided by its counsels. , . ' - 8. L. Woodhouse. 20J Clinton St., Brooklyn, April 17, '85. THE LETTER. No. 103 Fifth Avisxue. New York, . March 8, 1S79. v My Dear Son I would gladly save you from muc'i annoyance and from mauy sorrows by giving you the bene fit of my own experience. I .have been through! the preparatory, schools and the'university, "and I know all their trials and their .temptations. I also know how proue boys are to think that the times have changed since their fa thers were young, and that the true rules for the conduct of life have ceas ed to be the same. My son, as you grow older you will find that from the time of Solomon to this hour human nature has not changed at all, and that the guide to a happy and prosperous life is precisely the same as It was when that wise man wrote. The boy who Is fortunate enough to have a father whose experience is large and varied, and who communicates it with no pos sible motWe but the' best good of his , child," has great advantage if he will heed what in told him, but will suffer all the more deeply in the end if he comes to see that the care,' and the earnest warning has been disregarded. Bauish forever from your mind that folly which yourrg men so very stupidly cherish, that "the- world and the ways ef the world are essentially different sow from what they were forty years ago," and settle forever in your mind certain principles which you are never to doubt, and never to swerve from ta your courso of life. Rove, April IS. The funeral ot Mr, Ed. ward Pieiretwnt, lata Araaricrn Charg) d' affaires, occurred tOMlar from the- Amcrl, Kpiacnpal Church. Two thousand person., including the members of the diplomatic 6rp j and many politic 1 and commercial notabili ties, were present at the service. I ha mu nicipal authorities aent wreaths to be placed npon the coffin. The remains were mapped In the Stars and Stripe. The Rev. Mr. Nevln officiated. Ad aid de camp of the Kins; Big por Manctnl, . Miib-ter ot Foreign affairs ; Herr Von K-rourll, German Ambassador, and Mr. 8. H. M. Bye.-a, the American Con-nil Veiio: a', acted as pall-bearer,. First That there is a great first cause which rules the world ; a some thing which we enn but dimly compre hend, because it is too vast for our fi nite minds. It is the infinite. It is God. It is fruitless to try "to fiud out God." He is "our Father in heaven;" (hat is all that the simple child can know ; it is all that the most learned matt can ever know. That this Great Creator i?. just and merciful, and rules by equal laws, we have every reason to believe; and that it is one of the Creator's laws that our lives may be in fluenced by earnest prayer for guid ance in the right way, there is no doubt. I do hot mean that to pray for spe cific things, such as richers and honors, will bring riches and honors ad a mat ter of course, but that honest aud earn est prayer to our Father in heaven for guidance in the way that is for our best good is sure to bring strength and en lightment to the mind, and thus to aid us in the affairs of life. Every day ask your Heavenly Father to guide you in all things in the way which is right, and you will not go wrong. : ; , ' Most of the scientific men of our time devote themselves to the study of the laws of matter, and they seem to forget that man, even while on earth, has a spiritual as well as a material nature. They find nothing but matter in the brain which they dissect, and they jump at the conclusion that there is nothing but matter. Their discoveries in the laws of matter are wonderful and invaluable, but they utterly neg lect the study of spiritual law?, which are as real and as certainly a part of man os the grosser substance. That the soul survives the body, and that it is happy or miserable, "according to the deeds done in the body ," never al low; yourself to doubt. If skeptics wish to talk to you about it, don't argue; arguments on these subjects never do any good ; you might as well argue . that you love your mother. Practice what I suggest, and you will be made much happier and serener day by day, and far more prosperous in the world. When in the family of the Rev. Henry Seymour, at Holme Pierre pont, you saw how", cheerful and se renely happy they all weio under the influence of a religious life. Second That truth, unfaltering in tegrity, justico and honor are never to bo departed from uuder any circum iitaucvs. ' Lies come from meanness, low vani ty, cowardice aud of a depraved nature, and they always fail of their object and bring the liar into contempt. AVithou t strict Integrity, justice and honor, no one can have continued success in any thing or lasting respect from anybody. Every one is found out soouer or later, and much sooner than he supposes. In deed, your true character is sure to be knowu, and sure to bp justly apprecia ted. '' . I pray you, my son, never trouble yourself about popularity. Do right, the best you can, deserve respect and you will be certain to have it. - If you see n, fellow-student, ,who is always manly, honorable, brave and just', and who devotes himself to the duties before him. every day, who re sists temptations to pleasures which interfere with his health, end hence with bis success, you cannot help ad miring and respecting him ; and so is it with the most jaded idler at Christ Church. Oxford has never graduated a man who was an indolent failure at tne college who ever became an emi nent success afterwards, and she never will. Attend to the' duties and obey the laws of the university. It sometimes enters the shallow beads of young men that it is clever and spirited to trans gress the rules. ; It is supremely silly. It requires neither brains- nor courage to break the laws, and comes of a desire to get cheap notoriety through coward ice or vice, and the aspiring idiots al ways fail in the end. Thieves and bur glars break laws ; true men keep them ; they are made for good. - The great secret of making the labors of university life or of other Itt'e easy is o do -aon duty every day. If you let 'a burden of arrears accumulate it will discourage you. If you have five tnings to do eacU day, they are easily done ; but if you put them off with ib idea that you can U fifty on the tenth day, you will surely fuil. Mind not what other dor; they may be able to waste more time than yon can afford ; more likely, however, that they will tail. Many in Christ Church do not expect to make any figure in the world, and have no ambiiiou but to pass through ;. and many affect to despise the diligent. If you have not a determined pur. pose to lake a stand ns a scholar, and to lead on earnest, manly life after you leave Oxford, then laave it no , and save me the mortification and exneti.se, and yoMrself the reproach and scorn which your-countrymen bestow upon wasted opportunities. Do well, aud there is nothing in my power which I would not do to advance you. Be a failure, through your own indolence, weakness and indulgence, and though you ore mj only son, I should feel that I had one too many. Success comes not of spasmodic effort, but of continuod every day work. Read the fablH of (ho haro and the tortoise, and piofit by its teachings,atid rememoer that success, with honor, is one of the highest pleasures of life. I have many fears lest in companionship with so many young men of easy for tune, and no ambition beyond that of the easy life of an Euglinh gentleman, you lose tho sturdy purpose which should animate you daily. Remember that America is not England. No one Is born to titled greatness or to any other greatness here ; he who gets it must achieve it, aud he who cannot achieve it in some form is of small con sideration.. We bavu no idle class. An idle life is a worthless aud unhappy life. Never go to balls or parties in term time, and avoid lale wines and suppers at all times; they always injure the health, and without health life has scarce a pleasure. From bis birth Sampson drank neith er wine nor sirong drink, and those) who are trained for the ling imitate his nxample. During our late war it was conclusively prayed thnt those who drank water only, escaped disease and endured fatigue far beyond the others. I cannot tO'i strongly urge upon you the importance ot early retiring to rest. Investigations into the cause of longev ity have shown that early sleep and early rifliug are among the chiefest rea sons of long life, and science has re vealed the fact that tho magnetic rays of the sun are widely dtfferont in the morning from those of the .declining day. As the sun goes down, most of t he beasts and birds seek their place of rest, many of the flowers aud plant and trees-fold their leaves; and tho large sun-flower, which looks toward the sink in;; sun in the vet, is turned to greet bira in the morning toward the east. As be approaches to usher in the day, all nature, from bird to flower, seem animated with invigorat ed life. Then the mind of him who has had refreshing sleep awakes with its best thoughts, its wisest plans, it largest capabilities. B'it this can come only to him who has spent tho mid night hours in sleep. Sleep restores the nervous forces of the exhausted brain, and the best constitution will soon be shattered aud the best mind will become uustrung if sleep is neg ltcted. It wasjufltly called "8ore labor's bath. Balm nf hart minds, great nature's second course Chiuf Don. lsher at llie's feast. " Third That economy is a virtue and that extravagance Is a vice, never forget. You never see a man of forty who regretted his economy ; you will see plenty that mourn their early extrava gance. Lavish expenditure never wins respect. It may win temporary flatterers, who despise the fool tbey flatter. Pay every debt you owe,but 'Nclihor a borrower nor a lender he, For loan oftjoiei both itself ana friend," Let not your vanity ever tempt you to spend money. English young men are awake ; they laugh at tho foolish Amer icans who are so lavish. Remember that your hope, your prMe, your life is to be in America a country whose future is unimagincd and whose great ness and power will surpass any em pire in the world. You are to bo a part of it ; and, if you do not ene day go as ambassador from the greatest re public that bos ever been to tbx most powerful and advanced kingdom in Europe, you will fail of your possibili ties and of my hopes. Do not listen to (he twaddle about the decadence of England, she is not in decay, but in the full vigor of robust nvinhood. Great nations uo not dm. meuce their rail until their morn Is are corrupted. At yet England has a sturdy moral sense, courage, and ca pacity for self-denial and for brave det-ds ; she believes id God aud truth and justice. She has many faults an d weaknesses. She is not moving for ward with the colossal power of this younger, bolder, more rash and fear less America; her civilization is in advance of ours,, but she baa inher ited many prejudices coming down from old centuries which retard her irogress und from which we are free. I would deprive you of no innoeent pleasures ; that is not pleasure which injures the health, jades the mind, and makes you foel meanly and weak and unequal to the labor which is to fit you for manly life. Study well whatever the college couao requires, aud never say that this or that will be of no use.' All is of use which disciplines and strengthens the mind. When training for a boxer, you strike the sand-bag ; you would not tell the trainer that you do not expect to fight sand-bags, in life, and hence you will not strike them now. You lit weights to strengthen the hands ; you do dry work to strengthen the head ; aud remember that you must do it; no one else cati do it for you ; as well might you get some one elsb to strike tho sand-bug or lift the weight which was to strengthen your muscle. ' Duties well done every day, und dif ficulties surmounted as they arise, grow canier continually, and finally be come lasting enjoyments. Never play curds for money. It is no pleasure to win a fellow-sludent's money, aud it is pain to lose your own. The habit is always bad, ani often times fatal ; never acquire it. Dress like a gentleman ; never be pe culiar or flashy, but drew as becomes yoUj not as becomes sonic one else. Never talk about your expenses or your money, and never be ashamed to live with economy; on the contrary, be proud of it. Your business now is to acq u. re knowledge, and you need not be anxious to display yours, espe cialiy to filer men ; but always try to learn of them. Never say to another what it would be unpleasant to have them say to you. : Remember that good manners nr. of great importance. Maimers should be frank and easy, with dignity. Avoid fawning, toadying ways as you would the foul fiend. Never fawn to a prince or swagger to a peasant. Be courteous and manly everywhere and to everybody. Let your manner be quiet; nothing is more underbred than a flurried ad dress, with face wrinkled all over with a grinning delight. The countenance can express pleas ure and welcome without idiotic con tortions, and when tliebO appear, whether in tho son of a duke or a dray man, they are intensely vulgar. You can not have good manners in tho drawing-room if your habitual man ner is bad ; the habit will betray you , let the habit he always good. Far better that you look frigid even, than that you degrade your counte nance with silly hilarity. Ba a gestlem.tu, feel like a gentle man, nod you will look and act like one. Sometimes you will be neglected, and your vanity may feel wounded. Nev er let this annoy you; be absolutely sure that in due time all will come right, and that you wilt have all the consideiation which you merit. No one can do you any permanent injury but yourself. Tho worl l is so consti tuted that it is not iu man's power to withhold respect from lof'y character, real ability and good conduct. You may he in vited to a ball or f dinner because you dance or tell a good story ; but no one since the time of Queen Elizuhet-bas been made a cabi net ministcjor a lord chancellor for such r$s6n. The tears of youth ae short, and the pleasures of youth perish in manly life. Reputation, power aud the con sideration which conies of ability, at tainments and good character, and are what the man from thirty to neventy covets. Nothing but the well spent early life can secure these. I would keep you from no enjoy ments suiter1, to your age 4 hich are nut injurious to your real happiness aud your future success. You have health and a fratxt consti tution, and you have no inherited ten dencies to any Vice. It is easy .for you to do right, and it will bo unpardona ble if you go astray. I rejoice to find that profanity iseoiw sidertsd vulgar in England. It in vul gar everywhere. During the two years that I resided in England I never heard a profane word from a gentleman Among the young meu slang wcim-d tobedlm'tdunt. I hope that it does not prevail at the university. . Remember that when you ore twenty-live you wiW nWire what oiners val ue at tbW age, and no tit every future stage of Mfo. I mean what the hlgbc-f order of men value. Live each year in the wa" which will best lit you for the next year, and thus you will lead a happy Itfe ; a life which will secure to you the happier life to come. You start with everv advantAfrnhm forget not that yours are advantages suited to America, not suited to E g land. No ono has superior rank or higher social iiosition than vou iu America. Iu Euulaud their ancient system of primogeniture and title gives precedence aul outward respect, in a large degree, irrespective of merit. It is not so Willi us, and I am very glad. Quarrel not at nil with their system; they seem to like it. But never covet it, and never commit the silly snobbery ol pretending to prder it to tne system of your own country. The Bociul life of England is very charming, and their plan of leaving all land to the eldest son has built up vast estates, adorned nnd dignified Willi castles, and halls filled with art and luxury aud refined taste; but all this is al the sacrifice of many human rights which we value. Nothing like this is possiblcirj Amer ica; und it will not always last in E,ig- laiitt, The substratum of the English char acter is solid, honest, truthful, and in the main, just. Our best trails are a heritage from that race; but I feel quite sure that, with all our faul Is, we are rapidly improving upon our faults, we are rapidly improving upon our English siri'3, and that we shall be come quite the superior people as a whole. Feel always a manly pi-lde that you are an American, and that your future is here. . There is not, iu all historic time, a grander record ihan that of the United States, Before the nation was a hun dred years old a grout civil war1 broke out, nnd l he JS on h alone had at one time more than a million ot armed men in the field und the South had vast armies also. After four years of terrible wrr, more than twelve hundred thousand soldiers were disbanded almost in a day. They returned to the peaceful industries of civil life without a mur mur, without disorder, and without crime. Under our nystem of govern ment they hud learned to govern them selves. Even in the madness of tne conflict, when the President was as sumiintedj the government moved on without even a tipple of disturbance. More than three, thousand 'million ol debt was created and the paper money wits In such discredit that one gold dollar would buy two dollars and nev enty cents of the paper. But so soon as the war ended we went bravely to wt.rk, paid on oiie-tnini of our vast debt, and row a paper dollar will buy a gold dollur in any part of the coun try, and our national credit is of the highest grade. We have finished more than seventy-five thousand miles of railway, revived our industries In ceased in population, and our pros perity is such that our annual income is greater than that of any nation on tbeearih. I have u lotter from (ho Donn to-day in which he says, "Your son's improve ment him really astonished me." Con tinue to astonish the Dean and delight me." This shows that you have the ability. and that there will be no excuse and no pardon if you arc not faithful in the future. From time to time I shall henr from the Dean, and also from your tutor,aud they will tell nie all unit only the truth. They will reveal your short comings, it you have them, as well as your merits. You accept too iimny in vital ions from your fellow students. This will weaken your energies nnd prevent your success ;. besides vou will become a bore, which itvoid ns yuii would "tne plague." tsuort visits do not bore. When we last met you did not carrv yourself erect. You seemed to think that you were awkwardly tall,and you tried to look shorter; this is a mistake; you are nineteen years old and scarce morn than six feet high, that is not too tall ; but if you grow to uny height, carry yourself erect. A lien you have done Hie duties of the day, and done them well, take) our ileasures, wlnclt will Ns all the more e!ii, ft"d when you Imvo well finished the labors of (he term, you will e'ij'y the vacation a thousand times (he more by reason of your successful toil. I do not need, in tins letter, to repeat the warnings against thosi petty vices. temptations, and follies of which I have so ofien spoken. I will prliit.this because I wish you to read it more than once. God bless and keep and guide my boy. Your ever devoted iATHKB. The Small BoyV Drah'nga With Ilia rattier. "No. my son." ho replied, as he nut ori bis hat, ";u can't goto the circus." "Dili why, rather ( ' "Well, Iu Hie first place I can't fool away my money on such things." "Tes.iiut I have enough or my own." "And in the next tdacr ft is a routtb crowd, th HeiitimcAl is unhealthy, and no respectable pcfaou can cOuutena-:i3e such things." "But, filth-" "That's enough, sir. You can't iro. I want you to enjoy yourself, but you must seek some respectable amuse ment." ,,, An hour later a curious thinz han- perwd in the circus tent. A boy climb ed to tho lop Aight of seats snd sat down beside a man who had jusi mushed a gloss or lemonade and was lighting a cigar. He hud his plug hat on the back of bis head aud seemed to bo enjoying himself hugely. It was father und son. The father ha1 cone stnight to the grounds from dinner, nd tho boy had run away. Tiiey looked nt each other for hall a minate and then the boy got in (he first blow bywjusperiiig : "rt-iy, dad, if you won't lick me I won't til ma you was here," The father nodded his hejtl to the agreement, and the great spectacular parade in the ring began. Save the Timber. Dangers tVhirh Tkrraisa ike PsresU r ike a; micas mate. A Financial Estrangement. "I underslaitd you and Bilker are out," said StcudOoy to Funny wag the other day . "It if not Bilker ; It's I that am out." answered Funny sadly. "How's that." "Why I'm out five dollars that Bil ker owes inc." Hatchet Iu the convention of the American society of Engineers, in session at Deer fark, Maryland, Mr. Francis Colliug- wood, of Hew Jersey, last Friday read a paper on the preservation of forests. In the light of the statistics furnished, he finds t 1st) The supply of white pintf in the United Htates is certain to be ex hn list ed before tho-end of this century, and good judges predict the same result for tne Canadian supply. 1 he price in the lust twenty-five years has about, trebled at tide water. It can be replaced by other pines from t'anuda and the West, or by other soft woods. 2nd. OfSoulheru pines, at the present rate ot consumption, there is slated to be 100 estimated, the geometrical in crease in consumption of timber) to gether with the immense and inevita ble losses by tiro, seem, certaiu to re duce this limit. 3d. The supply of sprice in the United States, east of tho Mississippi, is not fully given, hut there would seem to be not over 25 years' supply. There are, however, large supplies ot this ar.d otner sort woods to De drawn noai in Canad i and the West. 4th. Ofhemlock the supply in the ast is noout tne same as that of sprtieej It will soon be exhausted in Pennsyl vania, New York and the Eastern States. The price has about doubled iu 25 years, jnd an advance iu price sutllcient to warrant transportation will bring largo supplies from distant points. 5th. Of hard woods, black walnut be gan to be used extensively less than 2a years ago, and the price has udvunced to f 1 10 per M. at wholesale. The sup ply Is being rapidly exhausted. Ash has more than doubled in price, and oak blso, in the same time. lue supply of larire timber in all these is detined to rupld extinction in tne older settled districts; The sup plies to be drawn upon are so great that we cannot predict a fainit.e, ex cept in some of the species. We can suy that prices will continue to ad vance, us timber is brought from great er distances and tho cost of transporta tion is increased. Bo far us w o are concerned, as enci- neeis, the matter becomes one simply of cost ; and in this view alone it is ev idently worth our while to economizo in the us of timber. As a matter of ethics, however, something more is due from us It is our bounden duty to try iu every wuy to prevent the terri ble losses or timber by tire. Our loco motives ure responsible for an immense amount of this mischief, and the fact Is discreditable to i he profession. lu cut ting and burning the way for new Huts through wooden countries, also, forest tires arc frequeirtly started. Iu pursuit of our duty we coino iu contuct with the backwoodsman, and we can spread sound knowledge as to the sure profit eventually lo restiltfrom the preserva tion of the forests', and particularly of the large limber, and inculcate great er cure in brush burning and the use of fire in oilier ways iu the woods. We can ulso point out the profit that may be expected in many parts of the country from the cultivation of certain kind of w ood, particularly on ground which would otherwise be waste. As. engineer", we are called upon to study the subjects of Water supply, and the effects of floods upott structures, and In causing changes in streams, etc. Now, however much opinions may vary as to the effect .forests' may causo by inducing local cliinuiiu changes there can be no question as lo their efficiency us conservators of tho water supply of the region where they art-, and of their tendency to equalize the flow of streams and prevent floods. The public at largo certainly nerd edu cation upon this very important subject.- The great unknown , factor is waste, and wo in coiomou with all good citizens aro interested Id the in troduction of some ihorouuh system by which this great wrong shall be done away 'with. If this bo done, and reas onable cure be taken to replant forests, and circumstances warrant the exp. c tutiou that it can be done with ease, we may rnfc-ly rely on an abundance of limber for generations to come. The American Fireside. An American woman is lecturing in England on marriage, domestic habits and kindred subjects. Her Idea offire sido bliss is illustrated by an ideal pic ture of a cozy room with a pretty mother seated in it, equally pretly children and a cut and dog playing about. Enter to thcee the htthbuiul, tired but happy. He throws himself into an ensy chair, in attitude of care less repose, wnlch he complete by placing his feet in bis wife's lap. With her usual gentkmemand faith in what .they are told concerning American af fairs, tha English who unfortunately bear this lecture will henceforth stub bornly believe that all Ameri.an hus bands are in the habit of resting them selves with their feet, fn their wives' laps. Indianapolis Journal. Time to Think it Over. "It is my unaltered dechdon, Clnra," tie said firmly;"! cannot walk on t'hc avenue with you if that poodle is to accompany us. You must choose be tween me and him. It rests with you, Clara, if our engagement shall be brok en off." ' Ob, George V tho girl replied, an d ber face aiwumed air eshen hue ; "this is all so sudden.- You must give me time to think it over. One week, George, and you shall have your an swer." Inglrside.' , Ramon's Relief cure sick-headache, neuralgia, toothache, cramp, &t, in five minutes. For sale ut Mitchell's Drugstore.- The Antique Sod Dial. A Time-kreper ITsed bf Natisws mt Am On the side walk in front of the store of an opiiciau 'and a dealer ia astro nomical instruments in upper Broad- way stands a sun dial. "Clocks antl watches have, of course, supplanted sun dials entirely as time keepers," the optician said; "but many are bought by gentlemen owning country seats to" adorn their grounds, and others by colleges and seiniuaries for purposes of instruction. Many of them can be found on places along the Hudson,and, in face, almost everywhere in the neighborhood of New York city; They are made of marble with brass gnomou the shaft which c-wts the shadow or entirely of brass, which becomes bronJ ed by age. Tho divisions on the dial roust be adapted to the latitude of the placo where the instrument is set up. In order to construct a dial the maker should have an acquaintance with some of the simple doctiines of astronomy, witn tne elements of geometry, and plane and spherical trigonometry. Thd ue of the instrument is rcadilv learn-' ed. It can be set up in various posi tions, vertical, horizontal, declining, or Inclining. It may also be said thac there ure human sun dials, as the inteN ligeut fanner, by notisiug his shadow cast by the sun, can readily tell the hour of tho day; . "The date of the invention of the sun dial is unknown, but the earliest men tion of it is iu Bible, in Second Chron icles, thirty-second chapter, twenty' fourth verse, where it is recorded thai; Hezekiah was sick and nraved unto the1 Lord, and received in answer a sign, which is particularly described in Isniah, thirty-eighth chapter, eighth verse, as follows : 'Behold. I will bri nii again the shudow of the degrees which is gone down in tho sun dial of Aba degrees backward. 8o the sun return ed ten degrees, by which degrees it was gone down.' Heyen hundred years before the Christian em the Chaldeans, among the earliest astronomers, divid ed the dav into sixty, parts in some manner but the first sun dial used by them was the hcmicycle or. hemisphere made by Berosus, who lived about bV3 . B. C. This nrimitivc instrument con sisted of n concave hemisphere placed! horizontally in an open space, with thet concavity toward the zenith. A small globe was suspended, or fixed in any way at its centre, and the shadow1 marked the sun's daily flight bv menus' of regular lines Upon the dial. It i highly probuble that all the nations of antiquity used sun dials, but none have been found in Egypt, although thev may be buried in th6 ruins of tho cities. However, it seems to be un questionable that the obelisks were in tedded as gnomons, and that their snadow told the hour of the day with sufficient correctness to the inhabitant of ancient Egypt. Tho circle of Osy- iiiaimias, an Egyptian astronomer might have determined the azimuth of he heavenly bodies aud thereby have1 old the hour of the day or night. lit Rome the sun dial was sscn - for tho first time about 200 B. C, one having" been captured from tho Hauiites, and in 2U1 B. C. Valeri-mh Mesala plac ed in the forum a dial which hod been taken ut Catania. Tito Arabians' ac quired the suu dial from the Gre6ks; aud wcro enthusiastic students of ag ronomy aud mathematics. There is in the British Museum a combinatioi of four dials called tho dials of il'bie drus. They are traced on a single block of pentcliqiio marble,- and iWt-y date from tho second or third cotrturyr of the Christian era. They were pari of tho spoils of Lord Elgen. "But it would take too long to de tail the entire history of the sun dial As I said before,- fl was most, probably ' used by all nations of antiquity, and is! iu loine countries utilized to this day ; and considering the use the average' indivi luul or even nation makes ol the lime, I am not prepared to say tliut the sun dial is not a good enough timepiece yet " New York Sun. How a Bronze is Cast-, To make the matter clear I will sup-' pose that one of the fiisl nrtisls of the duy has modeled a statue which, is to be cust in bronze.- The statue it ab sented female half draped; She has bare feet and raised arms. The drap-' ery is full of narrow deep folds design ed lo show and emphasize' the move ment of the figure. The statue is cast in plaster as soou as tbe model in day is finished and is handed over to' a bronze founder ''art founder" he Will probably style himself. Tbe first thing he will do will tm cut off the arms, because it is so much ' carter lo mo d l hem separately; Tueur l.e will probably cut off the body at; the lino of the drapery, then he Wilt. ' likely enough cut off the plinth; Air thcee pieces he will mold and cast sep arately. They have to bo then cleaned up wiih chisels, punches and files to remove tho lines left on them by the seams of the mold,-the latter having been made by many pieces fitted to each other in the same way as piece molds ure made in plaster. The seams' k-fi ou plaster cast by these latter are otniliar to every one. If there has' been deep or intricate under cutting in any part, as in the hair, the ears, or' the drapery, probably this has been' k quietly filled in by the founder to the' destruction of the artists work in or-' tor that it may be easier to mold. know of one instance in- particular where a very important national, mon ument wns so treated, to tho disgust of artists".- The nation was none the wis er. All these pieces having bee cast nnd shaped up must now be puttogetay ' er. This is done partly by meaus of screws and rivels, partly by raising the parts together according to circum-' -stances. These joints have then to be worked over with punches and files,-iV order that the exact line of jointure' may he concealed j-indoed, it is often requisite to work over seve ul inches? ou either side to effect this purpeae Sometimes what bitween the lines' of the mold that have lo be workd over,-, there is but little lea of; the loach ot tbe original artist, English Hlustrntetl Magazine.- ' --- ;;!- ., Subscribe for Ths GbBAHJUto
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
July 16, 1885, edition 1
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