LEANER,
Vol. xiil
GRAHAM, N. C, THURSDAY, MAY 1 9, 1887.
NO, 16.
ADVERTISESrENTS.
Liver Complaint
Ii inoro surely mul speedily cured by the
tiso o Aycr's Sarsapnriiln, lhari by any
btlicr Veincdy. I was k great sufferer,
from liver troubles, ami never found any
filing that gave mo. permanent relief Until
I began taking Aycr's Sarsaparilla, nlioiil
I wo years ago. A few bottles of thM incil
lelno produced a railieal cure AVm. Et
Cakcr, 155 AV. Brookliuo St., Boston, Jlass,
A Remarkable Cure.
Aver's Sarsaparilla lias cured mo of n
bad a ease or Abscess of The Liver as buy
human being could bo atllietcd Willi mid
live. I was confined to tlio liousu for two
years, and, for tlio last tlireo months,. nf
that time, was unable to leave my bed.
Four ulivsieians treated mo without itlv
lug relief', and, in fact, nothing lielped mo,
until I tried Ayer's Sarsaparilla. After
using a quarter or a Dome or mis mcui
feino I - begun td feel better, and every
addition:!! dose seemed to bring Hew
iiealtli and strength, ii lued three bottles,
and am now able to attend to my business
J .walk to town one mile distant and
rctiil-ti, without difficulty. Ayer's Sarsa
parilla lias accomplished nil this for inc.
AV. S. Jf iuer, Carson City, Mich.
Ayer's Sarsaparilla,
Prepared tiv Dr. JVC. A'" & Co-., Lowell, Man.
o!u by Ril l)ruiiu. i'licd $1 ; til kottlei,
- rilOFSSIOALCAlUS.
j&s. 3b6yiC ' " " "
ATTORNEY" AT LAW,
T Grccnuboro, If. C.
AV1I1 bo at Grfhain on Monday of each week
to attend to professional bueinos. .-iep IK
F. II. Wbitakf.r, Jr. C. E. McLean.
WEITAKER & McLEAH,
ATTOUXEYS AT LAW,
. GJIAHAM, N. C.
, Practice !n the Stale and. FMo'oI courts.
Uu'lcctious mntte in all paits of the. Stale,
.lieturr-s prompt. One of the firm can always
be found in tie ir office-. One of tin firm will
be In Buili'ngt'mi cVcry V educed. iv tn attend
lo professional biiilners. . M.ry i8-tf."
i. iviniisTo3j:
ATTORNEY AT LAW
itt A tl, N.'.
Practices in thn State end FgdicTal-Cur
Will faithfully and promptly jiiMTnTtb "ill mis
jess intrusted to linn
Real Estate Agency.
AARKEE &' KSUNOSLE, Agents,
GKAIIAM, N. 0.
A 'plantation one utile from Me-
bnne.iit Alatnalicc comity, contnming
ym betes 45 acres in original grmrtn, - ,w m
piiii-s, InO in cultivation. '1 lie rhiee is well
watered, a creek and two branches running
through it. A fine orchard, irnnd tobacco
barns, 'i tenement houses, good ti ed burn's, an
8-room dwelling with basement and L, and
good well -of water, are on it. Convenient to
Churches. school, and atrood hew mill in
mile of the lnHe. Jt is., a desirable fa. in
Vtdap'.cd to the growth of fob-tcco, grain and
trrasso, Flaw is 'seeded in wl.eat sua .oats,
l'oesession given at once, l'l ice taoiJO. jan'.a
MHVOIAfV StALEotft HRUUKH AEU
A Ufa Experience. Remarkable and
quick cures. Trial Packages. Send
amp for sealed particulars. Address
D". WARD & CO. Louisiana, Mo.
THE SHENANDOAH.
Tho Valley 'Oampagn'of Twcnty
. . Five Ycar3 Ago,
STONEWALLJAOESCFSEAp
But Now "TIioso Knljhts nfo Dnst,
. Their Good Kladcs Kust."
U"j close of the campaign even, when lie j.cbester jjj pursuit' of blileM. They drdv
back lib pickets. Apparently tlicro was only
a small rear guard df Union troops at Win
Chester. There was a sharp attack, which
was repelled by the Federals, but the much
scarred Veteran Shields was wounded again)
a fragment of shell broko his orm.
. Geo, Banks Lad remained with Shields'
division up to this tinio. Cut tlio morning of
March .33, feeling certain that Stonowall
TortraWs or tho Loaders on Moth Sides
In the Shenandoah Valley Campaign
of tho Spring; and. Early Summer iif
1SCI3 How Stonewall - Jackson Out j
trittcd Armies' Tlireo Times as Large
as His Own nml I'scapcil IiitorestlnJ
Tcrsonal Sketches,
One h-.n'l on tha silwr and one on thtre'ri
Tlio troopers move forward in lino on tho plain.
As rius tlio word 'Gallop!" tliestoel seabbards
clank .
And each rowel Is prossed to a horsofl hot flank;
A ad swift Llie runh as t;ie wild torrent's flow
AVkea ft pottrs from the eras ba tlie valley below.
Tlio tron! of the land In the Shenaridoali
valley ie northeast and sonthwest Tho Bluo
r.idgo niotiutaitisk you will seo on tho map, lio
duo norlhoast and southwest. Almost In ft
iiuo parallel with thorn, laving tlio very
tnountaiu foot with its bluo and rushing
waters, runs tho romantic Shenandoah. It
ilows northeast and omptfes into tho Potomac
at Harper's Ferry. To the westward and north
fcve other ranges Of peaks. Between tho lines'
of mountains are long narrow stretches of
Valley, down which tho wind and files of cav
alry soldiera might sweep without olatruc
tion. Both wind and soldier swept down
those valleys many and many a time during
tho civil war. Tuo Shenandoah region is
tris-crossed With thejines of advance-..and re
treat its stony soil scantly covers tho crum
bling bones bf niany a bravo horse and
rider.
In the spring of 1S03 Gen. Thomas 'Jona
than Jackson, C. S. A., spread dismay, first
through tho hhen
wrote asking to join the Richmond army) Lee
wrote back word for him to come in a con
fidential loiter directed: "Gen. T. J. Jack
son, Kotnewhcro."
In November, IStUStonowall Jackson hnd
occupied Winchester. It was a poiut daiiRcr
ously near tho Potomac, and Jackson sought
to get yet nearer. Ho niiulo mi attack on tho
little town of Bath, Very near tlio Potomac.
His intention was to cross theivor. Cut ho
was prevented from doing this by Gen. F. AV.
Lander, ho commanded the Federal forces
in northern Virginia. Bnt ho took possession
of Eonmey and divided the Federal forces in
northern Virginia. Then bo nmdo Winches
ter bis headquarters during tho winter, re
cmitinj large n it inhere of men. In March,
lion. Joseph E. Johnston evacuated Cen-treviUe-nnd
Wont nearer Uiehinoud. At the
same time tho Federal Gen. Brinks mlvamx'd
toward Winchester, These two circumstances
indueeil Ja ksou to roti-eat to Woodstock,
forty miles south of Winchester.
SHENANDOAH VALLEY CAMPAIGN.
andoah Valley, then
through tho wholo
Union. His force
Was both infantry
and cavalry; but
because of tho
swiftness and boo
tless of his move
ments ho came, to
bo associated in tlio
popular mind with
feTOXEWALb JACKSON, cavalry especially,
tn criticisms of -tlio campaign "of the Shenan
doah valley it has been sai.l that if the Fed
eral general sent against him had been only ,
half as swift Jaclwon never would uava Rot Tn..;. . .
Ho was Immediately puraqed by Gen. James
Shields with a division from Bank' corps.
It was evidently Juclison's intention to keep
witliin coiuuiuiiicatiudistanca of Johnston,
and to join him if advisable. -
Shields' pursued Jackson as far ns Now
market. This wus a poiut within fifty miles
of Johnston. Shields seemed to bo driving
I the one Confederate army to tho other. IIo
suddenly cHaued his tactics and began a
feigned retreat back to AVinclicster. IIo
hoped thus to draw Jackson away from John
ston. Tho trick -was successful. Jackson
turned his face AViiichestorward again, fol
lowing Shields. '''.-'.'
- Gen. Banks meantime, who was in tho chief
command in this part, of -.Virginia, had been
ordered by Gen. JlcClollan on the ICth of
March to take a position near Manassas and
Centreville, points recently evacuated by tho
Confederates. Banks was to rebuild llio rail
way passing through Manassas to Washing
ton mid keep tho country south of the Balti
more and Ohiorailrond froo from Confeder
ates. Tliis included tho SueuundUUh" valloy.
Banks prepared to obey the order, maivlt
ing bis corps to Centreville, leaving Shields'
division of 18,000 men behind to take care of
Jackson. Ho did not believe Jackson would
attack a force so much superior to his own.
Shields had hoped that Jackson would at
tack him, however. With Jackson was Col.
Ashby's cavalry, l,f)00 slrong Jackson's
force, exclusive of Ashbyis said to bdvo
numbered 0,000. Near AVincbester Shields
halted and prepared for the attack which ho
hoped would bo made
It was March 23, i8(B, that Gen. Shields
prejiared for battle at AVinclicster. On the
d of that month there died at Paw Paw,
Aa., a man who, if bo hail lived, would have
taken a very lively part in the operations of
tho bheuaudoali
Harrisonburg, tthcru
illi
Nt only shortens the time of laWr
Vind les-cne the paiir, but it ifrcatly
' diminishes the danaer t life of both
mother and child, and leaves the
liiulhrr in a condition more favorable
lo hpeedy recovery, and less liable "
tloooinir, conviii-igns unit ol eV
ainrm'nV svnipioms. Its efltenci fa
this respect entitws it to be called u.o
Wotlinr's l-rinid. mid to lank as one
W tlie l fe sii villi rcuidlies of the
lilni'tc. ntli ceiuirrv. -
We cannot pubhVli certlftcatt con -tcriHntf
Ibis remedy 'witnotit wntmd
ing the di liecv rf tlie wriTS. Vet
- wc have hundreds on fin. t
Send for our luwik "To Mutbera ' mailed free
liKAliFizLD Kl-0ti.aiokC'.,
AilHiita,a.
DMJMSTKATOK'S NOTlCfc.
All penons bavin;' claltrs rirainst rtie es
. tsie of Jclif Sntloii. Vi-'d. id prrfcnl thrm
ulv uttirinUiit1'iDXrlH-fore ilic I'lli day
.f S:y. S?, or tliKnotice will beplead in
bar of llieir ncovrv.
x WI.KV SUTTON.
Jo;i. F. tl'ITON, i Adiu'rs.
Msr 9. :? fit
Sale of ValuableLand !
l"der a power tested la cie If a inort
. "jrsife esceiitcd by J.ih-i T. Foreman
and wife Franrcs K. Foreman and nifistered
in the IK'n'fvre's 0:U'M in and for Abimuncx
Tt.imt'. N. C. bi nook No. 8. pw40l, 4"2
and 40S. I will soil to tlie l.i.'bef. biiklrr. f- r
rash. thero'irt boase djor, ia tho ton n of
limbaui, S. C-. oa
Monday, Juno Ci, i887
at 13 o'clock V the land conveyed to mo br
. auid niorura.-" iii! 8id laud lies on the
w'prs ' Minkini Qaarter in Coble's Town
Whip, adjoining ihi land of M. C. SiruLardt
Had otbera, and contains
380 ACRES
more or few, more tally icrifc-d to said
taUMttfaLe drd.
ALEX .-ITER.
- April IS. ST. ?ts Mirti(ae.
out of that Valley alive to join Leo and aid in
driving MeClellau from tho Cuickahominy to
the James.
His strength Consisted in the wiftness of
bis movements and in that firmness of both
purpose and action which gave him the iiamo
of 'iitonowall. ' It wai a very unusual mixt
ure of quuliiies. (
Jackson got tho name of StonowaU at two
first battle of Bull Kun, called by tho Con
federates the liattleof Manassas. Tha general
commanded a brigado there. The Confeder
ate genei-al Boo had jut been repulsed with
his men and was falling back, lie met l.
J. Jackson coming to his rescue with the firs'.
Confederate brigade.
"Genoral," said Boe, "they wo healing us
lack."
"SuV" said Jackson, "we will give thera the
bayonet."
He hail his "war look" on at that moment
This advance of Jackson and a similar move
ment on tho part of AVado Hampton else
where turned the Confederate defeat intovic-
l)aHftutir--iW-!!a!:,iped b.-ick lo his
men. He pointed with his sword to t'.w gen
eral -standing in the midst of 2,003 (ixod bay
onets, and said in a voieo full of excitement:
"Look! there is Jackson standing like a
stone wad. Let us determine U die here and
we will conquer!"
This was
Brig. Geiu 'raler-
ick Weiit- Lander.
IIo was fwrn In
Snleni, Mass., in
1S3. Ho was edu
cated at a military
academy m A er
moot. Hownsoiif
I rrKVr.
I
of the surveyors of 0-Wjt
v
tho Paciflr
road. One
tiou for tins pnr
poso. ho organized
at his own f-pcnso.
This exploring party was surrounded by hos
tile Indians and cut to pieces, only Gen. Lan
der himself escaping. Ho made five expedi
tions altogether across the. continent, ul I of
them attended with danger pud full of the
element of tho romantic. Ho was perhaps
the only American who ever brought back an
uucxpejidisl fund from a congressional ap
propriation. AV'herever dash and bra-
AVaslilngton. Shields thought differently,
however, and with his broken arm In a sling
made ready for tho battle of Winchester.
At 3 o'clock Jackson camo up with his
wholo force, colors flying. Ho slopped at
Kernstown, tbi-ee miles south of AA'inchester.
Ashby had encamped there with bis cavalry
after Uio clannish of the day before. Shields'
force wns ujxm a ridgo not far from Eerns-
town, though Jackxou did not know howj
Illl JC it W.IS. HIS UlCIl MTl-Ul ICU OUl 1H
marching, but ho ordered an immediate and
hot attack 011 Shields' right lipon tlio ridgo
near Cornsl own. 4Io hoped to sever Shields'
line and cut him oft from -Winchester.
Jackson's men charged up tho ridge with
great spirit, and were met with a vigorous
artillery flue. Shields managed to hold tho
Confederates o(I till ho had brought his re
serves into lino; thou ho attacked with his
wholo force '
There was a fierce fight of three hours, and
then the Lattlo of Winchester or Kernstown
was over. Stonewall Jackson was defeated.
IIo lost two guns and 70t pien in killed,
wounded and prisoners. Shields lost 614 ac
cording to the record.
Next day the citizens of Winchester, headed
by tho mayor, camo out to bury tho Con
federate dead who had been lying whero they
fell upon the bloody field. A deep, wido pit
was dug, and thcro in one common grave,
several hundred dead men In gray were
buried. Tlio southern writer, Pollard, ays:
"Scarcely a family in tho country but had a
relative thero."
B.inks returned at onn from AVnshlngton
and set oft in pursuit of Jackson, who had ro
trentcdTapii'lly, leaving dead and Wounded
behind. - Banks pursued thirty miles, till his
moil wcro too exhausted to go further. He
stopped at AVoodslock to rest, Jackson con
tinued mtrcatiint till hu camo to Harrison
btirg, where he remained till April 19, en
deavoring to recover himself after tho battle
of Kernstown.
It wus a severe Confederate defeat nt
Kernstown. But there was no loss of enthu
siasm for Jackson ninong his wearied and
fleeing men. .
" W by is 'Old Jack' a better general than
Momsf" asked one of his soldiers, conundrum
fashion. Answer: Because, it took Moses
forty yean to lead the Israelites through the
wilderness, and Old Jack would have Uoublo
quicked them through in thiuo days.
April 1!) Jackson crossed the . south fork of
tho Shenandoah. Ho wis thus wKhln easy
reach of Johnston at Gordonavillo.
MARCH AND COUNTERMAMCH.
KAP Or HHEXA.f DOAU VALIXT.
n min ii
H.t made. Hit tM mil
lltiX rvtnrn In fttid m mti
ill 1 1 If K I ,rr- enwf'h'r -t
J J Ull J JL rc Tii-ie mrrd iniptntam
I1VSIUU,, T10. tut M atari rem in
buim- wbirti rj; bringc
yon In inreft riht awsy tha snytliin
tImi tn ti l' wl'l." Any tint tan do ne nrk
awd Ib.c al tM-tue f.ilLc'r tel. all a-. 8mw
nbiPI new. thai A11M oiD OHHiev tor all
workrnt. We wi:l itan ro -j capital nut j
Weeded. This U cne ul tbe genuine important -
ham-r of a lifrthm. Tl:fn who arc sml.i- j
vm and ejlci-piuli will mui dclajr. Grand
Ki8l free. Addrer TKL'E A CU-, iinn-u,
i4H,c d.r 3 ly j
Gm. Uce rallic'l his won, but tho next m-
rr.cut was shot dead at their head An 1 from '
that day 011 Thomas Jonathan Jackson was I
tailed -Stonewall" But students at tho A'ir- I
inia Military-institute, whe.e ha was prod j
snr 01 iHiysics, mcknamct mni too "L..UB
Light Eider," because bo Was so strict a IVi
byteiian. There was fft him ra-iro rescni'
(jlanceta the old 85tch covenanter than in
any other soldier of this century.
Jacksoa was lxrn at Clarksburg, Vs., in
XH. Slow, awkwanl, friendlc and liash
Tul, be yet stru -lel op Uiroo ;h a youth of
toil and poverty liil he obtained tho apjioint
tnent as a AV'csi Point caik't. In timo lie wes
pailuatrd there, lln scrve'l hi the Mexican
war as a lieutenant and won liuaor for bis
Lrarery and coASnerat. roiling health ll hiia
to accept the professorship ia the Virginia
military iiutitata. At tlio outbreak of the
civil war ha marched to Richmond at the
bead of a corps of cadets be had already lxw-n
drilling in anticipation of fighting.
V terrible volley fc-ed by bis own .men i uao.l bedicd ia IfiX
tbroagh inistalu at Chanceilotsv ille, May 2,
I8CX
After Manama, in the autumn of "tV.I, the
command of the Confederate army f.f tbe
Rhruandoab wai given to iim. Jackmo.
Bodies of Federal soldiers belonging to O-n.
Banks' corps were tn tl- Kbenandiah aoii
bout the bend wateraof the Potomac, where,
ia the languaga of aConfaderate writer, VT
Nianawed the inhabitant, and treatil as pub
lic eoemics ail who rrfosed to suljsmbe to tbe
Federal oath of albfiarK"." Jarksnn bad
hern darting aboot tbraagh the Shenandoah
region here and tberoVonng tbe winter. His
own u-arior ofl -rrs seidni knew wlere to
find aim, so rapid wcra bid aiowmcnta. At
equin!il, LaiiifiiP was to bo - de
pended 4i. .jj'i ISM he mai rie.1
the gifted Octi-e.-oOk'rfDavenport. In ISO!
ho otTered bis servicesjo Gen. rx-ott, for tlie
war, "in any capacity, at any timo and for
any duly " His o!Tor was accepted, and from
that time 011 till liU career closed, all too
early, ho was to be found where fighting was.
IIo was wounded ill tho leg at Ed ward's
perry, but before the wound healisd ho was
oC nt Iiimney, Va., commanding tho forces
thero. Oiito ho marched ' 4,lM men forty
threo miles through a deep snow, aiid without
rest and with nlimt 110 food, charged them
upon aWI)iifedcrato camp at Bloomcry Gap,
routing it completely. 3o Impetuous was he
thnt with a sinalouid ho galloped alwml of
his men and demanded aiiij received the Con
federate commindor'a sword.
Bo little is known, however, of this brilliant
and romantic figure that his name is seldom
mentioned in tho war reminiscences which are
now at flood lido in tha country It Is lierauso
Gen. Lander died so early in tlie war. Soou
after tho beginning of wa his health
tiiiloi aii l hu was at length stricken with
a typhoid fever. He applied for h-avo of ab
sence from military duty, but before tho jer
mit canus whilo he was yet wuiliug, word
came that Jackson's men were in tho uigh
bnliooL Hi roie from his bol called Lb
aid aijo-it him mid, with the ol 1 timo tire in
his rye, purjsm! to muke a iiiiduight attoi k.
At that inoiiH-nt h'u hour afruck. IIo wn
seizxl with a sadd-11 cougeUoa of tho braiu
and died in a few minute.
He was a man of Cue phyhirpto and extra
ordinary personal uiag:ir tiiu. If ho bad
lived ne would have been among tlio larger
figures of the war.
Lander dyin;, Gen. James R. Shields was
placed in command of his division.
Ceo. James II. Shields was 0110 of tho old
time sohiir-ra. He
. waii Ijotd in Ireland
in 1M0; came to
this country aiil
crvl bo:h in U
Fiortibi ami Mexi
can wais. He was
a gallant CgblT,
and Was sciertly
woo n lid at Ccrro
Gonio and also at
rXr-'i?' Chapultrp-c, fn
H-xi ix lie luul a
varied experience,
haiing ( rev-
arnor of Oregon territory and L 'idled KUtes
ae-i.it r re--fi-tive!v from MiK., afiimtvMa
ami MuurL While filling the hut cV
Tho uddcn attack of Jackson at Kerns
twn caused a eliune in tho plans at AVush
iuglon. Banks a.id bis corjM wero halted on
tho way to Manassas, and sent in pumuit of
tlio flying Confederates. At the sumo timo
Shields' division of Bunks' corps, which hud
routed Jackson at Winchester, was detached
from Banks and sent lo McDowell. Mc
Dowell was to halfway eo-operute with Slc
Clcllan nt Richmond, and wholly keep an
eye on AVashington. Just what he was to do j
soems never to havo becu fully decided on I
between Gen. McClellart on one hand and tho
president and Socretury Stanton "on tho
other.
To get tho movements that followed the
batllo of Winchester clearly in mind it will
bo necessary to note uiiou tho map the posi
tion of both tho Confederate and Union
iroons 111 noruicrn tii zuuaai- me ijcziiiihuk - ....!-. 1.-.1 .1. . . .
vry, ? well an 'j'lUmlltffljJLH
To get on tho Maryland side of the river
was the next thing. The broken army hail
retreated in confusion, leaving great qimnU
ties f stores liehlnd them. Jucksou had l.t
erally driven them Into tha Potomac. Into
the river they plunged. The ferry look across
the ammunition truiu, the cavalry swiidi
their horses, tho wagon trains croswed by th
ford and tho infjutry were conveyed ovor by
moans of a pontoon bridg, which I11.I beoa
brought dowu the valley froui the upper
Hbf imndoiih.
At last Iho remnant bf Gen. Banks' broken
army was all acro-ji. Just in time, for at that
moment Jackson appeared opposite on tlie
A'ircinia side of Iba Potomac.
"Never awere more graU-ful hearts In tho
same number of ni"ii than vk-n ul midday
ou tbe 'MU we stood on 10 opioitu khoie,"
said Gun. Banks afterward
Gn. Banks was so lUcpiy clmgt incd at his
forced rcm-at tiiutuo is suiulo unvu ljol
b-arsover it. II.) declared tiiut he ba.1 boeu
acriflccd by his rovernim lit, that I:. id
tripled him of KIih-I.Is' diviii;i mid lll'ii left
him lo mit t Stonewall Jarkwm Willi than
a third Km number of I lie Coufctiuriile
troops.
Uu May 27 Jackmn rrt-l one day and bail
religious mtrvict 1-l 'orjnyl in rump, in whi h
be five thanks to Gol for tbe vi lory of tho
souiIkth arms. Ho.lui'l mar -hid from bis
camp south of Luray in Unix days a dUtanco
i of ir'y milK, ami liml ioiiul't two l-att le on
the way.
10,000 Coiifcdcruto troops hail boon sent to
Jackson from Ilichtnond. That general,
after crossing tho south fork of the Khenan
doali, continued his retreat and encampd
at length near Swift Uun gap. It bad
been ast exciting,- romantic retreat. CoL
Turner Ahby, tlio cavabymaii, was Jai'k
sou's rear guard He hovered about the
Federal ailvunce, now making a 'dash at
them and enguging in a hot tkirmish, now
galloping away with a rlngingof salicrs wbt'U
they camo Vto near. It was work he delighted
hi. He rotln at this time a magnificent white
horse, as famous in Confederate annals as the
Union Mlieridan's black Itor.ie became in H1L1
very region, two tears utter. A-eVoy, left
miles saulhwcst o!
Hanks wns.
Tho swiftness of Jackson's movement wns
something marvelous. It was important lor
hlin to attack Miiroy and defeat him beforo
ho could join Batiks at Harrisonburg. He ac
complished iw
Ho rnndo forced marches end fell upon Jlil
royat Bull Pasture, near tho vlllago of Mc
Dowell IIo had incantimo boon joined by
six regiments under command of tho Con
fcdcnito general Edward Johnton. Tho fight
at Bull Pusturo occurred on a warm, bright
moniing, Mny 8. it may lie oonsidered tho
second linttlo of the Shenandoah campaign.
Gen. Edward Johnson knew tho mountain
country well, and he and his regiments took
tlio lead, with Ashby's scouts in advance.
May 1 the Federal pickets wero driven in.'
At murine May 8 tho Confederate troops
marched toward tho village of McDowell.
They took position on Sutlington's hill.' Mil
roy sent out a forco to dislodge tiiem, and the
battle of Bull Pasture, McDowell or Sutlliig
ton'8 bill begair
Thcro was a sharp engagement. Mllroy
was defeated and fell back just ns Schcnck
cuiue up with ro-cnforceiuoiits. llut It was
too lato to save the day, and tho Federal
forces retreated toward Franklin to wait for
Fremont. They left behind thorn a supply of
military stores, which Jackson captured.
Immediately at tor this fight panks re
treated to Str.isburg, fifty miles north. There
he fortified himself, so as to protect tho
Baltimore and Ohio railroad. Hulling
not to rest, Jackson" pushed on after tho
Federal troops. Having driven back Milroy
and Schenck, the next niovo on tho chess
board was for him to crush Banks, weakened,
as ho was by the withdrawal of Shields'
division. Jackson therefore turned bin at
tention to Bunks. -
The three Federal armies In northern Vir
ginia -tbatr had -lieon -sent against Jackson
wtro seventy miles apart, cast, west and
north, in a sort of trianglo, AV'ben, there
fore, Stonewall Jackson marched against
Banks neither Fremont nor McDowell was
near enough to aid Mm.
Chin. Boliert H. Milroy was born in Indiana
in 1HH. Ha was educated as a lawyer, but
served as a volun
teer in the Mox'can
war. A V lien the
civil war began he
offered his services
as a volunteer. lie
roiiimnnded a brig
ado of- Indiana
troops in West Vir
ginia and in the
Shenandoah valley.
Flying around to
the eastward n,;uln,
after the bnttio of
OKN. uilkot. McDowell, Jackson
came to Front Royal. At this xinr, and be
tween him and Banks nt Htiushurg, lay
Col. Kenly, with .1.400 Federal .troops.. If
Jackson could auuiliilato this force the con
nection between tho armies of Bunks and Mc
Dowell would be broken.
Accordingly, Mny Zi, he made a fierce nt
tuck 011 Col. Kenly's little band at Fnut
Royal and cut it to pieces. - This, wo the
third battle of the Shenauiloali campaign.
There was nothing now between Stonewall
Javksou and Banks.
Banks retreated with his small force yet
farther north. Ho loft SUasburg and started
Tor Winchester.
It was now a race and 4 chaso between
Banks and Jackson to tho Potomac. If Jack
ton paused till the forces of Fremont or Mc
Dowell could come up he would bo cut to
pieces. Uu therefore determined to push on,
surround Banks if possible and destroy his
army before it could bo re-enforced. Ho pur
sued Banks hotly, and once more the old town
of Winchester bocamo the scene of a tight,
tlie fourth in thecampaign. Hanks kept back
for several hoars the advancing Confederates.
This was May 'it and . But tbe southern
noldiers oiircd in in larger and larger num
bers. There wus nothing but to run for it
Froin Winchet.tcr Banks retreated to
Martlushurg. He only waited bum two
hours, when ho was up and away again. At
vj - --
tin I'ototnao south artii, up tbo Bhenandonli was darlt to sWarthlnesB, and he1 wore hhf
valley. It was noi-essiiry to tvo all po-sible ; block beard long. .
hasto. In order to slip through between Fro Ho was no disciplinarian, and eonld
mont on Iho west nud Shields' division of Mo
Dawcll's corps on tho east. Ouco past them
he could go to Johnston's army and to Rich
mond. May CO, before leaving the Potomac, lite
rcw guard mado a pretended attack on liar
per's Ferry and Chariestown, while his sup
ply and ammunition trains wero being cnt
south in tho advance. Jackson's favorite sob
dices worothoao of bis old command, called
the Stonewall brigado. They led the attack
011 Chsrlestown.
Many of Jackson's soldiers wore from the
vicinity of Chariestown and boil not necn
their familits for a year. But not. a moment
were they allowed to delay. After making
the show of bnttio at Harper's Ferry ad
Cbarlu&tnwu they wero hurried southward.
Muy 83 Jackson's wholo army was at AVin
chester; heading southward for Strasburg
with might and main.
Both Fremont and Shields one on onesido,
tlie other on tho other were trying to get
thorn too. and to gut thore before Jackson
Ldid. Theirforccsunited, Jackson wns crushed.
The daring Confederate was tnus -between
tho devil and tho deep sea." It was one of
the most exciting races of the civil war.
Stmsburg was the koy to tho situation. For
Jackson it was Strasburg and liberty; or,
losing it, annihilation. Both Shields and
Fremont hud expressed their determination '
to "bag Jackson." " :
.May 81, after a forced march across the
mountains, Fremont hail gained tlio road be
tween AA'inchester and -Strasburg. Jackson
had passed that point only a few hours be
fore Fast "followed Fremont. Ho caught
Jackson's rear. Thcro was a sharp skirmish,
Juno 1. Fremont's advance was beaten back.
Victory I Jackson was at Strasburg. Be
tween afternoon May 80 and daylight Juno
1 his men had marched from Harier ' Ferry
to Strasburg, fifty miles.
ItwasGciL E well Richard Stoddard Ewell
who di-ove back Fremont's advance at
Strasburg and enubled Jackson to reach that
city in safety. Ewell was born in the Dis-
tneg 01 voiumoia
In 1810. Ho was a
AVest Point gradu
ate, like 'most of
tlie leading officers
of the civil war 011
both sides. lie was
a Mexican war ofll
cer, had seen bard
Iudiun service, and
during tha civil
war took part in
tbe toughest of the
fighting in Virginia
rlWui the bcghuiir.2
OCX. ewell, C. 8. A. W'o tho end. Aftei
scarcely drill a recimmit Bat there was
feeling of good comradeship between him and
bis men which held t hem to him to the death. '
Wherever wild riding and hot fighting wor
needed there was Turner Ashby and hi
men.
Fremont had rebuilt the bridgo acron tb
north fork of tho Shenandoah at Mount Jack
son, crossed tho stream and was following oa
as closely as might bo after Jackson. Shield
was on the east sido of the Shenandoah south
fork, and Shields and Fremont were aboot
fifteen miles apart, on opposite sides of th
louth fork, with no bridgo between them.
Jackson had shrewdly destroyed these ,
CROSS . KEYS AND PORT REPUBLIC.
ff.'oi
r.W'rij':
alone, was the la-t man to rross the
1 Bheuaudoali bridge. Eight Federal Jar- J
airy men aero aliuoct upon biin as he
rodo for life over the bridge. Two galloped
on in advanco. Ashby turned suddenly on
them. A bullet from his party already across
the bridge struck one of the Union trootxm
down. Ashby cleft the other with hisralier,
and lie, too, CeM.' Then Ashby galloped in
hot haste over the bridge.
Meantime bulls rained like hail around tbe
Imld rkler. One of them plerxsl hi milk
white horse and gave tho beautiful animal a.
mortal wouiwl. Ha carried his rider kafo
ai-rois tho bridge, however, a torrvut of
bld flowing from bis side as lie ran. Ash
by's fani'ius rid-' on the whito liurso wus
continui.! twouiilc.
Ja Lor., with Ewcil's corp, was at f.a-ift
P.uil gap. On the Federal side plans Wt-re
nmdo lo l.eiu him iu on three u.k and crush
him.
Banks hail pnrsucd Ja'kaon as far south a
HarriiionbiirB. Ho bad about J,0fJO men after
HliieM,' dirlslon
tho death of Jackson atChniicelloraviiio Ewell
took commiuid of Ids division. "Ewell puried
through four yiars of hard fighting un
scathed, up to the very last week of the war,
April 0, 1H05, when he Wns taken prisoner be
fore Richmond. He died in 1872.
To get tho next movements of tho valley
campaign clearly, obscn'oon tho map tho c
culiur directum of the two brnnchis of the
Shenandoah. When Jackson reached Stras
burg Shields had ulrondy been at Front
Royal, a few milos southeast, for two days.
'AVhy he did not pudi on oud intercept Jack
son is not clear. Shields moved slowly up
the east side of tlie south fork. Jackson cent
hurriedly ahead of him and destroyed the
bridges over tbe south fork nt Luray and
ehewhere. Ha himself, hotly pursued by
Fremont, hastened up the west side of tho
north fork. Ho crossed it nt Mount Jackson,
a little to the north of Kowmurkct, and cut
away tho bridge behind hint. Ho was thus
between the two forks of tbo Shotiandoah,
with au enemy on each side of him, but with
the bridges of both streams burned, so neither
could get at him iinme.iiati.ly.
Still ho raced on and oh, without sleep or
rest. Juno 0 ho reached Harrisonburg. Fre
mont marched ns ceaselessly as bunlf, and
wns hot nftvr him. He dared not wait Al
most at buy bo turned now to tho south and
eastward, toward Richmond uud tbo Con-
! frilcralnnriiiv-- H slinjjoEmiUJJl-4
public, a village 011 uiocasb suio ui mo oulii
fork. Do.-;lroyiiig tha bridgo at Mount Jack
sou had fclveu Iho bold racer a good day's
stnj-t of Fremont, who had to wait to rebuild
th brideo.
When Jackson marched out of Harrison
burg hu left behind the indufutigablo CoL
Turner Ashby to harass the Federal ad
vance and hold It back till the Confederate
forco should get
safely off. It was
work which
pli.al tho bold
cavalryman.
Thero wero oppor
tunities for doth
and daring, for
wild ri iunand luiir
breadth escapes,
which npK-alcd to
all the love of x-
iumciit in bit
r 7
il.,e
a.Vfa'.Tjf.
M
" 'S.:v.,',V
..,.... l l. -.-r-
Aim win ffwiflQ
met bis d-uih at
I the lutt!o of liar-
riwiiburg. June 7.
June 7 Col. Sir TIRHKB AMIDT.
Percy Wywlhain, of the Union cavalry, made
a re i,unaiuii'-e toward Harrioiiburg. He
fill into a.Conf'-dcrale o.'nbutii and was taken
prisoner with bis men. Folios iug this was
irn infantry fl;;1iU CoL Wyiulhum was no
Engli'bnutu. lie had lenu a cirji'aiti in the
Austrian army and had served cudur Gari
baldi. Ho was aiming especially to"Uig"
Turner AiLby.
Col. WyiKlbam's cavalry was followed by a
ay 24 ' there was panic In Washington j large I ody of Infantry. On the Confabi-nte
KERNSTOVN OR WINCHESTER.
As frwjueinlv haicneil in the flghU of the
civil war. tljeCotiftlcraieuWi;8AUd the Int
He of March 35 by one name, the Federals by
another. In tha north it is known aa the bat
tieof AA'incbcster, ia to sooth aa the battU
of Kernstown. '
Bhiclls, to deceive Jackaon, concealed
most of his dlrmoa in an out of V. way Spot
two miles from AVinchesier. A anwili guard
was Lsft in that tulag. Uarrb 23 Tamer
AJ,!5"s cavalry come c'lcping into Whs-'
was take
' !Lis 4h
Thus flanks nci iu
the mar cf Ja-k-Sow.
Fromotit at
that time com
maixlee tlie Moun
tain dcpirtumit.
which imladtd
northera Virgiuia.
K benck ami Mil
roy, of his conn,
ere nl wita u,
OO in- a sou lb from
Romner. to bald
wIm-ii It Im-aina kuowu that Banks was re
treatiug lo the Pitoinac with Jot kwm after
him full tilt. Jo 'son's KLm imihbiuli ram-
pain proljably prcvinlnd Uio aiturs of
I Richmond fry M'-teUan In the summer of
i Mcltowei! was at Fndericks!arg "ith
j 40,0(1') nv-a umk-r u-il n to -o-..;Tt with
1 and Qnalfy join M -Clell in before UieliUtomL
I The thirst of !lilnvanj the clmeij Banks
awny. I down the SlM-naiKl'iiib ihi!tTcl atone stnke
siiiu Gcu. Ewell canw up with infant ry. This
battle of KarrHmiburg, the 7th of Juae, was
tile r.f ' h ronsidcnbhi li;;htof tlie cauiiulii.
Tbe Ffh-ral i-iiiicnia wr partly l.hiud
a feK-e. The Confederate OilTaleid oj'Siust
tli-ni liiro i,-b a t-iugled underwoixL AnLby
ls-1 llie i liare, ttiu'i tuo Kifty-cighlb Virginia.
It ma le bit e ioiprestiou, but roivnl a tre
mctidTus Cre from tlie Fnleral regiments.
Tha biiiiatictit usture of Aubby wits on fire,
thopliiniu front of Hi bu) i:d. 1'r.s.iiletit j Jl ordered Hie Fifty-Jghth A'uiuiate t-U'p
march lug e p o
him. U -Dowries
force from the east,
OK!f. BASKS.
Jos-kaon on. the westward. Frrmotit, with
10,1'X) incn, waa following K-benrk and Mii
ror. . Fartiirr awaV from Istnoewell Jackana.
but stiil witbiu A,-!.: in; nwh of him, and tst FrenKinl'a from tbe
tbe east, waa ilcL)owe3 at ratark-cauarg j yrrL. I low thould
i;bi.tiu. n. i begetootandlav-k
Btoccaull t jrkamt bd, aitb Ewell dirl. ; p bonaaJoaa
low. warty i,CM men. He resolved lo f ill npon xmllry t He bad ao
the Cnion ct-.ieral. one at a time, ami eii;e4e j compliUiedcnUrrly
oroonqurr them. His plan was a ma-b-rly I what be had
sue. ivuiksat Uis-Uitm bad wa yet fatten planned to do.
bejca to r-Krosimrg. wn was auu as nsirwn
bnrg. Jai-ltaon ,-ft L"wfl to confront bim.
Thro, himself taking the Hied trocfai tliat
bad Leea. with biaita tee vaikyas long.be
jnade a wide sweep around by the eooib and
wesc, pass raa.ii k, iocs 10 mm ana
L tfsHn telegraplied UeDowril May la put
; 3U.OJU nicn in motion for tbe riUinaii'hxtta
j valk-y at oik-s. Mebovreil oli.yid rclw.t-i.itly.
Ua wrote tl preidBR -l bare a bavj
( b-art in tin uia.tvr. 1 faH tliat it 'throws ns
) all Lack, and fmcn KUbuxxfl nnrth i Uull
1 have all oar large niaw.-s r siali-d."
Ja-kson had driven Banks down and vt of
the Sbeiuuvloah vailey and laarr-a-d Iim anay
almost into the very U la at WasbingTja
i But tbe now tboroughlr arooaej Union onijce
I were ntuloulitedly
iV
That was to give
tbe Washington
aulhoriliea a arare
and prevent Ho MAJ. CM. t. C raxHovr.
LVweJI from ynujij MiCaa before Rirb
Wmrwi. H bad bow to look oat far his own
nortbwanlsto attack rVbeock and Milroy. aafrty.
i-hoy -w4 at Alt. Dowcji, a Tillage forty Oa 0m 2 Jfclao beaa to retreat from
thing and charge layon i ou tho Federals,
! Ho jirrcd b bfirm forward, wuvi-d hS arm
I ai.d nhooteri: 'Virginiaus, follow 11 !" A
j ball strurk hi horse an I too aiikftaj fell th-ad.
1 He sprang to his frctaa l ru-id Tin, stiil or
' dcrin his men to ruargr bayun. t. At that
1 fcomtut a Iillct ( ii rrel himan.1 b t il diL
lis uien rarri'.d bis baly iu their anus off
j the ltlli C f-L
I Urn. r.if 'A LJ onjcrtd np more regiments
' arvl tbrre a as fierce fighting. H-.-veral Cuo
t federate cClo rs were uli- aieaL ami the
4Kbe of the First Confederate Mjtyfiiid
wero b'X down three tiea tJUil the Uu ion
trvM were rbei-ke.1, ust at the luomeut
bra Asliby dropped dead.
The character of Erig. Cea. Tomer Asliby
to Virginians that of the Ueal knight of
romanro. He was a native of Fauqnkr
county, Virginia, and a hltle past M at
the tiiuenf bis death. There was ix -tiling of
tbe (nKiTilla or fruebo-jtcr about bim.es bos
eomctimea been repre nteJ. He was simple
i in his ta-tcs and biMts, aiHldcmatly rcUg
! loos in cbarartcr. He shonnol p Txitteuily
j the dissipations ia which yoong nn iiidalns
j caring inoet fer borwsi a:i4 tbe chase. He
; was a famous lidrrcnd horse tamer, the best
' In Virginia ft Ln said I.e a ralb email
1 In stature, bet :y pon'ul. vilh In own
eyes and a tsft cL ar Vfi-.-et Ll.i roor,-l ina
June 8, Jackson' rear, commaadod by
Ewell, was at Cross Keys, written also X
Keys.
In this famous race the Confederate arm
had now nearly reached the upper end of th
Shenandoah, and had not yet been captured.
Either sido of them was an army quite equal
in sizo to them ready to pounce upon them.
About six miles southeast of Cross Keys was
Port Republic, on the south fork, nero then
yet remained a bridge. AU depended od .
whether Shields on the east tide or Jackson on
tho west sido of tho south fork reached Port
Republic mid that bridge first On the 8tls
Jackson himself, with hi4 advance, was four
miles south of Ewell and nearer Port Re
public. .
June 8 Fremont attacked Ewell, and tha'
battlo of Cross Keys took place. It was
fought by Jackson's rear and Fremont's ad
vance. Ewell had 0,000 men in action, Fre
mont about 8,000. This was the sixth battlo
in tho campaign of tho Bbenandoah valley.
The battlo began at. 11 iu tbo forenoon ani
lasted till dark.-
The battlo of Cross Keys teelf was not
decisive one, but it resulted in a decided ad
vantage to tho Confederates. It kept Fre
mont back, and thus prevented him front
attacking Jackson's wholo force iu the rear
while Shields fell upon him ou the loft ani
east.
Already had 6hlelds' advance reached Port
Republic when the battle of Cross Keys was,
fought on the bib.
His cavalry bad
crossed the bridge
here and planted
gun at the bridge
entrance. Tho Con
federates drove
tbora back and cap
tured tho gun. The
real battlo of Port
Republic took
placo next day,
JunoO. After re-S
polling Fremont's
iK'fltirvt F. wnll
under cover of the BTAtmW. ,
darkness, bad swiftly and silently withdrawn
his force from Uio bottle field of Cross Keys
oud joined Jackson. Tho dawn of the 9th
found tho Confederate army united and ready
fur battlo opioslto Port Rcjiublic.
Jackson thought quickly and acted almost
as rapidly. Ha determined to hurry across
tho river, limn tho bridgo behind him, so
Fremont could hot cross, then attack Shields
and have it out with him. This was similar
to Jackson's tactic throughout the cam
paign. The plan was executed a designed.
Col. Tyler led Shields' advance. He hail
only 8,1X10 men, however, to throw against
Jackson's wholo army. The "Stonewall brig
ade" met them first, flying beneath tbe Con
federate the bluo flag of Virginia. Th brig"
ago was commanded by Oca. AVindar, and
Jackson himself was with It.
They opened a lively Are, but CoL Tylr
heavy artillery was too much for even the
Stonewall brigado. Winder was forced back.
Col. Tyler's men siionlily occupied. tUs trround
It had tt'tt-ili8 nSIbriirlcf t 'insU a wooded "
height, and from that wint a deadly artillery
fire poured. Jack-sou ordered tbo Louisiana
troops under Gent Taylor to take it. Taylor
powWdErttiogtJu with his swonl and coiled
his 111011 : "Louuianfans, can yon take tbal
v-r AA'ilh a shout and a cheer they
od.ovor the, rough ground ami up
through the woods. It was a desperate and
bloody charge, and it was succcssfuL The
Federal guns wore cup tared and turned upon
thow who had lately manned them. Taylor
was iu turn forced bock with hit Confeder
ates. But Winder bad rallied bis men again.
Ho loured a tremendous artillery fire into
the Federal front aud left, and under it the
Union troops begau to waver. The r. averinj
became a retreat Tho oitilleiy horse had
been killed and all Tyler's guns but one luul
to Iw left on Uio field
The battlo of Port Republic was ended, end
Shields had boon defeated,
Just as tho Federal retreat began Fremont
apjiearcd with his army 011 the opposite bank
of tin rivor. ' Cut It wus too late. The bridge
bad been destroyed.
After the battlo of Port Republic, June t
Jackson en-aped up tha valley. IIo dis
patched to Loo that dayt
Through God's Uestiaj tbe eaem was this day .
routed aritklbe lussof six pieces of bis anUkrj'.
T. J. J-urcaon,
Hajor General Commanding.
lly June Hi be was on his way to Join Lea
at Richmond.
After Port Rapublic Fremont and Shields
lingered in the valley a while. Tbe four
principal battles of th Shenandoah valUy
campaign were AVlocharter (otherwise Kerns
town), McDoweH, Creu Coy aud Port IL
public.
Tbe campaign of tbe Shenandoah valley eft
ISO! began March 11 with Jockaau's move
ment from Winchester to Staunton. It end
ed June 9 with the battle of Port Republic
It had paralyzed all tlie Uuioa mevament
before Richmomh Tho breach which bad a
ready been widening between Gen. WeCkllan
and becretary of War tjtantoa was by tide
campaign mado irreiauauia ben Ab. Dow
ells men were ordered to the Shenandoah,
after having been solemnly pmnised to Me
Clellan, the latter gave over hope of ever
getting from Washington tbe r-cn forccmeiit
be meded, though be at II continued to ask
for them. As to wbut tbe campaign directly
fleeted, Cooke, in bis life of Jackson, says:
"In three months Jackson bad marched
600 milce, fought four pitched bottles, aevea
minor engagements and doily skirmishes; had
defeated four arniics, captured 4,000 piia
era, va pieeea of artillery, lO.UUl) staaa at
arms and a very (rent amount of stores, fa
Bx-ting ou his adversary a knows lose Of (,000
nieti, with a loas oa hi own part compar
at i rely small"
' Bow it was poasibl for kin to tints aaak a
eoceeaful raid doaathe whole length of the
Shenandoah valley and back again, with
armies ou three sides of niia, CfKitiunuir, altce
father more than three timeeas many bbtb a
tia own, ia on of the aqysteries of war tbat
ha never brea solved. It was ail a dash, a
sweep, a blow, and tbca up and away acaiai
Rrla up your hot trres and call !a Tsr mea,
Tbe trutnrf aaua's "Rally lo ouiors azaia."
Sotne aaiktlea are apty, acme oeovrnde eea
a'a'a,
A wt acme o-sbje Iktws he u-, en t r'v
4i3it wi ' a ciii-ji-e fcS.ue, b a 1 '
lialten
bharg