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WOODROW
WILSON
The Story of His Life
- From the Cradle to
the White House
By WILLIAM BAYARD BALE
Copyright, Ull, IMI, by Doubledsy. Past
* Co.
CHAPTER VIM.
Democracy or AriltlMNyf
ma. WILSON bad served five
years as president of Prince
ton university before he
reached the point of irrepres
sible conflict So long as he confined
himself to the strictly educational
workings of the school be had been
allowed to have his way without much
opposition. But now, when his con
structive miud reached over to the
student's social life and undertook to
organize that and bring It. Into proper
relationship with the other elements
of university life, he found that be
had put hie hand upon what the guard
lans of the aristocratic Institution
were really Interested In and what
they were not disposed to see changed.
_ In brief, bis Idea was the organiza
tion of the university in • number of
"colleges" or "quadrangles"—practical
ly dormitories—each of whlcb shonld
harbor a certain number of men from
every class, with a few of the younger
professors.
President Wilson secured the ap
pointment of a committee consisting
of seven of the trustees to investigate
the merits of the "quad" proposal, and
at the June (1907) meeting the com
mlttee rep ted on "the social co-or
dination of the university," Indorsing
Mr. Wilson's plan. The report of this
committee was accepted and its recom
mendation adopted with only one dis
senting vote, twenty-five of the twen
ty-seven trustees being present, at the
June meeting.
Wbat Was atnlss with .the "quad"
proposal?
This—that It cut into the aristocratic
loclal structure which the dominating
element in Princeton had erected for it
■lelf.
If, visiting Princeton, you will pro
ceed to the top of a street known as
Prospect avenue and pass down it you
will aee aomethlng wblcb probably la
not paralleled at any seat of learning
In the world. Prospect avenne la lined
with clubhouses; twelve of them with
handsome buildings, beautlfni lawns
and tennis courts and. In tbe caae of
tbe more favored clubs on tbe south
side t of the street a delightful view
across the valley to the eastward.
Some of tbe clubhouses are sumptuottf,
. comparing very favorably with the
best city clubs. Tbelr aggregate value
must be much more than $1,000,000.
The clubs bouse on an average thirty
members each—fifteen Juniors and fif
teen seniors, about 850 in all. Juniors
and seniors alone being eligible. Three
hundred otber member* of those class
es can get into no club. Prom this
Idea' has grown up this dominating
feature of Princeton life, estranged
from tbe university and yet having
more to do with the real forming of
its students' than tyiy other feature of
-the college life.
No one can reflect for a moment upon
this club system without understand
Ing its essentially vicious character.
The trouble la tbat tbe club* neces
sartly constitute an aristocracy in tbe
midst of a community wblcb sboald.
above all thinga. be abaolutely demo
cratic. It may be all vary well for the
800 youtha who enjoy tbe delighta of
the Ivy. tbe Cap and Gown, tbe
Colonial. Tl*er Inn and tbe rest
(though such luxury is of questionable
value to a boy who bas yet to malca bis
way In tbe world), but wbat of the
BQO young men wbo have not baen able
to "make" one of tbem? They feel
themselves ostracized and humiliated,
and the seeds of social bittern*** *r*
sown in tbelr souls There Is no pro
vision for tbem outside of common
boarding bonne*. Not a few leave the
university.
Worse yet rivalry for admiaaion to
tbe cluba Is so great that it lnjnraa
tbe work of tbe freshmen and sopbo
mores The first term of the *opho
more year especially la conaldered to
be entirely wrecked by the absorption
of tbe etudenta in candldatlng tor tbe
club election* held tbat sprlafr So
highly Is membership Ip a swagger
.club regarded that parents of proepec
tlve students bave been known to be
gin visits to Princeton a year or two
before their aon entered college wttb
tbe purpose of organizing a aoclal cam
paitfn to land biio In the dob to wblcb
ba aspired.
It may eaaUy be seen how tbe exist
ewe of tbeae *eleCt coterie* ministers
to snobbery, how they foster toady
tng. bow they Introduce a worldly,
material and unnatural element into
what la naturally one of tbe finest
thinga in the world—a daatoeraay of
boy a: how tbey set op at tbe ootaet of
a student's career a mlacaken Meak an
unworthy aim. and how they divide
students along unnatural Uses. Over
and over again Princeton *eaa a gvaop
of congenial fellow* ot the Incoming
frcehman eta a* gravitate toward each
other In tbe first, tow weeka of tbe
term and then, to otMienc* to *ome
sudden, mysterloo* Influence from
Prospect avenue, dlasoir*. The eplrtt
of the place does not allow men to
form friendly and natural aaaadatloaa
in accordance with their taatea and
dispositions
They must alwaya strive untiringly
to become friend* of those particular
elas*mates wbo have tbe beat chance
ef "making" tbe best clubs, and aa
"the bunch" paaaea "down tbe line"
tooas Prospect avenne tbe proepecta of
one and another student wag and
wane, and tbe of r.»
GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 27,1913
terles ffi f htc.T JUT fliTd* hlP.'aelf goe« I
op and down. The aoclal life of the >
two lower classes presents such it pic ,
ture aa would • layer of Iron ni(nin>
over whlcb a mngnet In passed. form
Ing groups now here, now there, ami
keeping all ID constant confusion. In
the worda of Wilson, the
sideshow bad swallowed up the circus
Nothing conld he more un-American
nothing conld be mora opposed to the
true prlnclplea of eduratlon. ——" j
We approach now one of the mo*
dramatic, aa it la one of the moat in I
volved, chapters In the life of any
American institution of learulag—ln
deed, a chapter. If It could be rightly
told, not'often excelled in Interest In
any story of American life.
A circular setting forth In outline
President Wilson's "quad" proposal
was sent to the various clubs and waa
generally read there on the Friday
night before commencement 1007.
Princeton alumni, particularly those
(fom the eastern cities, come buck In
large numbers to their alma mater and
usually put up at the clubhouses, where
the Friday nlgbt preceding commence
ment is given over to a jolly dinner.
The "quad" proposal, it Was instantly
seen, contemplated the dolhg away of
the dabs.
It was even said that President Wll-
aon proposed to confiscate tbem. Tbe
wrath of tbe alumni Jollifying that
nlgbt In Prospect avenue whs instant
ly aroused, and tbe shout of battle was
raised. No decent consideration was
ever given the new Idea. The grieved
graduates went home to spread stories
of tbe attack on Princeton's favorite
Institutions and rally the old boys to
tbelr defense.
Old Princetonlans got busy and wrote
distressed letters to* the Aiumul Week
ly, expressing tbelr grief and aston
ishment tbat a Princeton' president
Should so far forget himself ns to try
to "make a gentleman chum with a
mucker." ' ,
The trustees, who bad voted the
plan through with but a single dissent
ing voice, now frightened by the alum
ni bowl, were persuaded to reconsider.
On Oct 11 the board requested Presi
dent Wilson to withdraw the proposal.
The Inalienable right of tDe Ameri
can college youth to choose his own
hatband (and compel other youths to
wear untrlmmed headgear) wns thus
triumphantly vindicated. But tbe
saviors of tbe club system were not
generous In victory. They continued
to hurl Insults upon President Wilson
It waa now discovered that be was a
domineering, brutal, bigoted, Inconsld
erate and untruthful demagogue. The
preceptorial system, whlcb bad been
In operation for two yean, with every
body'a approval, was now also • at-
I tacked.
President Wilson was even charged
with having inaugurated .it over the
beads of the faculty. Various classes
among the alumni withdrew their sub
scriptions for tbe support of preceptors.
It took only a few months of this sort
of thing for the board of trustees, the
faculty and the alumni to find them
selves divided beyond compromise
Lifelong friendships were broken. Tbe
chasm deepened, and passions so vio
lent that It would not have been deem
ed poaalble for a collegiate to possess
them were aroused.
It la a little difficult to aee why tbe
question should bave -provoked tbe as
tonishingly bitter fight whlcb now
broke out at Princeton. To find the
real cauae of it all one must go deeper
than tbe lasue presented on the sur
face, much deeper than tbe mere pcr
sonallty of the president. As to the
latter. It is quite possible that Dr. Wil
son's positive character, tbe certainly
of bis convictions nnd his aggressive
ness In expressing tbem may hare
been distasteful to men long accustom
ed to other methods It Is even possl
ble tbat the president was not as gen
tle ID his manner, perhaps not always
as tactfnl. aa be might bave been, as
ba haa since become. Undoubtedly a
man of exceeding charm of personality,
he had hia grim side—no man descend
ed from a line of Scottlab Presbyterl
7 >
Photo 9 by American Press AseoctaUoa
Mr. and Mr*. Wilson.
IDI baa not—snd. once aroused In •
flgbt ba waa a ruthless opponent It
Html to be th* cose that tbe presl
dent's reform program grew primarily
out of bia convictions ae a teacher of
young men. He did not for Instance,
deliberately aet about to' attack the
Princeton clube, bat wbeo tbrf boat
fathered for tbe defense of an arlsto
natkf institution beoanse It was aria
tocratic. wbeo they denounced hltn to
a coaflacator. a leveler and a Socialist
Ik* Innate democracy of the man
flamed up. and tbe flgbt ceased to be a
flebata over educational idea la. bavins
become aa irreconcilable conflict be
twees democracy and privileged
wealth.
Preaident Wilson contlnned to «t
pound Ida tdeaa on tbe subject of tbe
•octal organisation of tbe university
when Invited to do ao at gatherings of
the alumni la vartooa dtl«. but be
made DO ag»l***lv campaign. Tbe
preceptorial system, la spite of the
(rowing prejudice against it, con tin
a*d la vogue, tbe neceaaary funds lie
tag voted by tbe trustee*.
CHAPTER IX. 1
fli* Qraduata Collage Contaat.
HUE slory uow becomes com- .
plicated throujtb the Injec- 1
tion of another Issue that,
namely, of tbe graduate col
lege Souie time lie fore the election
of Professor Wilson to the presidency |
Professor Andrew K West, a brilliant
and persuasive member of tbe faculty,
with ambitious, had been given the
title ot dean of the graduate school,
together with an appropriation' of l*J,-
500 to lie used lu studying graduate
systems of instruction lu vnrious uni
versities. Dean West went to Europe
for a year, returned and published •
sumptuous little volume coutulning an
eluborute and highly illmtrlited scheme
for a graduate college. It wtyi never
seen by the fuculty. The book was
sent hy Dean West t* likely contrib
utors ainohg the alumni.
In December of 100(1 Mrs. J. A.
Thompson ttwann. dying, left-$250,000
for the beginning of a graduate college.
Amoug the conditions of the gift was
the provlslou that the new college
should t>e located upou grounds ot tbe
university.
In the spring of 1000, through tbe in
fluence of Dean West, Mr. William O.
Proctor of Cincinnati offered $500,000
for the graduate college on condition
tbat another half million dollars be
raised. Mr. Proctor's letter seemed to
Imply that tbe money must be used In
carrying out the scheme formulated by
Dean West It also condemned tbe site
chosen for the graduate college?"t)y the
trustees In his second letter address
ed to President Wllßon Mr. Proctor
named two locations which alone would
-be acceptable to him.
Bo long as Dean West's scheme for
a graduate school w»» a paper plan
only. It bad received no special
nation. But when these two bequests
made its realization possible the plan
was given scrutiuy. It wus apparent
to many of the trustees and faculty
' that Dean West's elaborate plan was
not one to which they were prepured
to commit themselves definitely. A
special committee of live, appointed by
' the president of the board of trustees,
reported against tbe Unconditional ac
ceptance of Mr. Proctor's gift
Mr. Proctor's answer was s with
drawal of Ilia offer
The withdrawal naturally caused l
sensation and brought down upon tbe
bend of President Wilson all the vlalt
of wruth tlint hnd uot been already
emptied upon him. It was inconceiv
able to some in the board of trustees,
to u large number of tbe alumni and to
a portion of the fuculty tluil n gift of
$500,000 (carrying wllli it Indeed tin
prospect of uuother $500,000, for thil
hnd already liei-n nearly aubacribedi
could be rejected on any consideration
whatsoever But In view of the per
fectly clear position taken by Presl ]
dent WIIKPU. backed at that time by
the majority of the trustees, the pas
slonate outcry against them shown by
some I'riucetonians of general repute
for Intelligence and conscience doe*
seem inexplicable. It was a perfectly
clear case. President Wilson and the
trustees were no doubt Infinitely oblig
ed to Mr. Proctor; they were enger to
accept his gift, but they simply could
not abrognte the duties of their office
—they simply conld not surrender to
any donor the / right to determine the
university's policy In so grave a matter
as that of its graduate school. It wai
they who were charged with tbe duty
of administering the university, not
Mr. Proctor
Kurt(iermore. the particular plan
which unconditional acceptance of Mr
Proctor's, glfl would have forced on
Princeton wns one utterly opposed to
the principles In devotion to which
the university under its president's
guidance was now so happily advanc
ing
' To President Wilson It* details were
altogether obnoxious. Since tbe sub
ject of graduate study bad been taken
up the' deiiu and tbe president had
moved in opiKislte directions, one to
ward segregation and excluslvenesa.
the oliier toward an organic whole, co
operative, shut through with a com
mon motive and spirit and atlmuinted
by a common life of give and take
President Wilson hnd his own -plan for
a graduate school-a plan tbat spring
naturally out of tbe new system of
studies and the preceptorial organize
tion-but It was a plan that content
plated a -or|» of highly competent
graduate Instructors, proper latiorato
lies, an adequate library and tbe prac
tical essentials of study rather tban
tbe embroidery of fine buildings and
seclusion "A university does not coo
slst of buildings or of apparatus," he
said "A nnlvershy consists of stu
dent* and teachers "
The fact of the matter la be didn't
want a hundred nice young gentlemen
to come to Princeton and live apart
pursuing the higher culture. Tb* no
tion violated the Ideal of democracy,
deliberately set aliout to crente a schol
arly aristocracy, Introduced a further
•lenient of disintegration - when what
Princeton needed was Integration. His
own thought was aflame with the pic
ture of a great democratic society of
atudents in which undergraduates and
postgraduates should meet and win
gle
This wit* of tbe essence of tbe whole
program which President Wilson liad
been permitted (o initiate and to brlngi
to far toward success And now tbe
intverellr wns asked to abandon It for
I mlllion dollars:
This .onr t>e as giwid a point a* any
at which to make If clear thst the antl
Wftaon sentiifent was far from gen
ernl among the alumni It was prac
Meally confined to the cities of tbe
east. In the hoard of trustees four
teen out of the thirty took their ataod
against him The deciding few waver
ed Tbe fine body of faculty member*
engaged In graduate work wer* prac
tfcally unanimous in tbelr anpport of
the prraldent'a mnil.it. arholarty and
prurtlc«t plan* ami entirely unaympv
tlx-lit; with Ule oruule dreuiua of tti«
drnii. Aa for, tl>* aludctita. uerer for •
uMMiHfUt did be have miaou lo doubt
tliflr maentlal WMiiidnena. They were
caught In (lie totla of • vtcloua aya
t»m, but they furntabed the beat of
Mttrlal for the derelojinjeut of • true
American unlveralty along democratic
tinea. Throughout the graduate acbool
eontrorerajr they were ardent Wltaon
men. though, of courae, powerteaa to
Influence the reault.
Mr. Wt'aon never permitted hlmaelf
to approach or, aur«w«t mnonalltlea
llioiyiTVP -.'-.ought by'graduates -:. i
distant cities to "tell them all the
tnith"i. The opposition betook Itself
to sln-er slander and abuse. Much
may lie forgiven enrnest men, but it 1s
simply inexplicable that college trus
tees, professors and alumni could have
indulged In the vituperative bitterness
that found Its way Into privately cir
culated iianiphlets and round robins
and into public print
The fact Is that the discussion of the
"qWMT system nnd of the rights of a
douor to dictate bow his money shonld
be used had revealed the existence of
a liottoniless chasm In the ways of
thinking. In the attitude'of spirit that
characterized two sets of Princeton
lien. It was tbe rbaatu that ditldea
•'emocrncy and aristocracy, respect for
Photo ® by American Prsss Association.
Whan the Going Is Rspid Wilson Isn't
the Msn to Bother About s Shook
Absorber.
the lights of manhood and submission
to tbe rights of property, it was an
ineradicable Instinct In President Wil
son and tbe men who supported him
that the life of students must be msde
democratic.
Those who were enthualnstlc for a
university In whlcb social lines should
be obliterated and a group of co-ordi
nate democracies set up were divided
from those who were content to main
tain and even accentuate distinctions
by a cleavage ,a« deep as any that ex
ists lu the world today. No wonder
that the partisans of the opposition, In
tbe board and out, looked on Wilson
as a dangerous man; no wonder that
be, slowly aroused by tbelr vilifica
tion. began occasionally to.nnsllp the
leasb of hjs tongue, denounce colleges
and churches for yielding to "the ac
cursed domination of money" and
make Impassioned apiieals for a dec
laration of college independence. When
tbe going is rapid Wilson isn't tbe
man to bother about a shock absorber.
At Pittsburgh, addressing alumni, be
poured out all his soul;
The great voice of America doe* not
come from seals of learning. It comes in
a murmur front the hills snd woods and
the farms and factories and the mills,
rolling on and gaining valume until It
comes to us from ths homes of common
men. Do these murmurs echo in the cor
ridors of universities? I have not heard
them.
The universities would make men for
get thslr common origins, forget their uni
versal sympathies, and join n das*, and
no class ever can serve America.
1 have dedicated every power that there
Is within me to bring the colleges that 1
have anything to-do with to an abaolutely
democratic regeneration In aplrlt.
1 know that the collegca of thia country
mUst .be reconstructed from top to bot
tom, and I know that America ta going to
demand It While Princeton men pause
and think I hope that they will think on
theae things- Ihnt tliey will forget tradi
tion In the determination to see to It that
the free air of AmerlCn shall permeate
every cranny of their college.
Will America tolerate the seclusion of
gradusts siiidentu? Wlliylmsrlca tolersts
ths Idea of having gradQsts atudents set
spsrt? America will tolerate nothing ex
cept unpatronlied endeavor. Seclude,,*,
man. separsle him from the rough and
tumble of college life, from all the con
tacts of eve: y sort snd condition of men,
and you have done a thing which Ameri
ca will brand «lth its contemptuous die
approval.
To an utterance like that there could
bq no reply, lu an l*sue thus clearly
defined la-fore the whole world (for til*
Plttabnrgh apeech got Into the paper*,
and all America applauded) no living
hoard of college trustee* would have
Hired separate Itaelf from the bold
ipeuker.
No reply? No living men to take la
sue? Ileladd bow the prcaldent of U>*
Immortals Jests with u*;
In the t urn of Salem, Mass., lived
an old man named Isaac C. Wyman.
"Isaac had been graduated at tb« col-
S'ge of New Jersey one June day In
IH4M. Durk'g the «ilty-two years since
that day be had never returned to
Princeton.
President Wilson's Pittsburgh speech
was made on April 17 (this waa In
1010). A month and a day later. Ma;
18, by fin* decease of Isaac t". Wyman.
tbe graduate college of Princeton nnl
verslty liecame the legatee of an tslale
raflmated at more tban 93.00Q.fM lie
qnentbed In tbe trusteeship of .'i-hB M.
Raymond of Snlem and Andrew F,
West of Princeton.
There Is no quarreling with tbe dead.
At the June trustee meeting the Proc
tor offer was renewed and accepted.
Tbe president made a polite announce
ment of his acquiescence in tbe alfna
llon created by tb* miraculous wind
fall. The gigantic new fond altered
everything.
Commencement waa a *ea*on of care
ful oliacrvancv of all outward %meni
ties. Tho president made tbe speech
presenting M. Taylor Pyne. Esq., tbe
leader of tbe opposition among tb*
trustees, with a gold cup, celebrating
tbe attainment of hla twenty-flfth year
aa a trustee. He attended a dinner
given by Dean West In honor of Mr.
Proctor. All that a man forced to con
fess himself defeated by events could
gracefully do be did. Wbat It coat hi*
aoul no man could gueaa. A moral de
feat be bad not suffered. Tbe principle
for wblcb he bad atood had not been
dlxproved, discredited or annulled. Tbe
god* had overwhelmed It; that waa
•1L
Of course be waa laughed at, aneer
edat even, by certain alumni, called on
to resign. If they had dared the tri
umpnnui party would nave atainlsnctl
him. They did not dare. Wood row Wil
son was too strong before Hie country.
There was this' Hy in tbe ointment of
their rejoicing—an alumni trustee was 1
being elected this year, ns uanal, nnd
It waa the turn of the west to name
him. liut eastern antl-Wllsonites hnd
put up n candidate and made n frenzied
campaign for him. At commencement
the result was uiufie known—the auti-
Wllson, Mr. Jollne. hud been over
whelmingly beaten. Hut the president
himself felt that bis werk at Princeton
was dono.
He wns to retire, but not to obscu-1
rlty. even temporary. The country had '
not missed altogether what was going
on at Print-etna, Tbe state bad been |
watching him. And now there came,
rolling up from the iieople—the people;
outside of the colleges, the Citizens for
whom colleges exist—n great shout that
this man was the sort of man that
ought to be leading tbe light for their
cause out lu the world of real affairs.
Politicians heard that call and shrewd
ly Jolued it.
state convention—tllat of the Demo
cratic party—lu session at Trenton,
nominated Wood row Wilson for the
governorship.
A week later Princeton university
opened for a new term, with the resig
nation of Its president In the hands of
the. trustees, who lu due time voted
him all mumier of complimentary reso
lutions. made him slill another kind of
doctor, Inexpressibly regretted his resig
nation nnd uecopted it on the part of a
small majority with- thanks unspoken,
but infinite in their sincerity.
CHAPTER X.
Out of Prinoston Into Politlos.
HUE state of New Jersey at the
' beginning of the year 1010
was lu the case of many an
other i oiumouwealth In this
Union of States. It wan in the grip of
the politicians and the corporations,
and the good people resident within its
borders hud aliout ns much voice In the
management of their public affairs as
they hud lu deciding the weather or de
termining the phases of the moon. Kor
years the state government had been
run by agents of "tbe interests."
Latterly It was the Republican or
ganization that had been In power at
Trenton, hut the system was really a
bipartisan one. The Republican boss
es hud eotbe to be known as tbe "board
of guardians," In whlcb the public serv
ice, railroad. Insurance and other cor
poration interests were duly represent
ed. The Democratic organization was
the private properly of James Smith.
Jr., a politician.who Jiad made his way
Into the United States senate and who
had retired from that body under crit
icisms connected with certain scandals
Incidental to tbe framing of the Wil
son tariff. Ex-Senator Smith is a pol
ished man of affulrs whose business in
terests lire Identical with those of Ills
friends on the Republican "liouTd of
guardians." ills clilef lieutenant was
James It. Nugent, a typical representa
tive of tbe old style strong arm meth
ods in politics.
However, tbe great moral movement
which during the last five years has
been abroad In the land had not left
New Jersey unnwnre of Its gathering
power. Tile lenders of both |mrt!cs
were forced to heed It. In the Repub
lican party Everett Colby, (leorge I.
Record and others stirred up a dan
gerous enthusiasm among "new idea
Republicans." Somehow, somewhere,
by some one, there wns suggested to
Mr. Smith's organization a plan of
getting aboard Hie reform wagon and
riding on It Into power. The flfht
against privilege nud the champion
ship j|f democracy In college life cup
tallied by the president of Princeton
university had attracted Hie attention
of the state and now suggested hint
aa a man who could lead a party to vic
tory tinder the banner of political re
form. President Wilson was u student
of public affairs of authority through
out the country. He' was an accom
plished and iwrsinislve s|>enker, a man
tof lofty character and winning person
allty. Indeed, from outside (he state
from the |iress of many cities, hnd come
the suggesliuu thnt tlie nation would
be fortunate If It could place such a
man as Wilson In the presidential elittlr.
It la easy enough to see bow the Idea
of running Wilson for govytior needed
only present Itself ty the Imagination
of a shrewd boss to Is-ewtie Immediate
I J congenial. The Democratic leader no
doubt naturally Imagined that a learn
ad collegian would lie ss putty In the
hands of an experienced politician
especially If his eyes were rose sjiee
tacled by lite promise of a nomlnatloi
for president.
During tbe early rammer of 1010
. Provident Wilton not (old by • num
ber of bis friend* that be could proba
bly bare the I)emocratlc nomlnutlon
for governor If be desired It. These
Intimation* became ao nunieroua and
•o pointed and were accompanied by
ao many assurances of tbe benefit i in
party and the state would derive from
his acceptance that llr. Wllaon was
conatralned to lend them a favorable
ear.
And Jret the protective nominee was
profoundly puzzled. While sentiment
among the beat class of voters through
oat the state was strong, the practical
overtures came from the organization
beaded by Hmlth. Mr. Wllaon waa per
fectly aware of M-Rnulor Hmltb's po
lltlcal character and lißtory. lie knew
wbat the organization was. How could
such a gang »Up|*>rt blm? Were they
deceiving themselves as to their man?
Did they fancy that his lifelong de
tastatlon of corrupt politics was almply
pose? Did Huilth regard tbe school
master as a simple soul who would
band out corporation favors without
knowing? Did be expect to get • Unit
ed (Mates senatorshlp through tbe Dem
ocratic legislature which Wilson's pop
ularity was likely to elect?
On that point Mr. Wilson made ape
dflc Inquiry of the gentlemen wbo
came to him on their puzzling errand.
He required tbelr assurance that Mr.
•mlth would not seek tbe senatorshlp.
►Were be to do so while 1 waa gov
ernor," be told them, "I should have to
oppose blm. He represents everything
repugnant to my convictions." Tliey
told blm categorically that Smith bad
no Idea of going back to tbe senate;
that he was a man thought to be sick
with a dangerous constitutional ail
ment and borne down by domestic be
reavement and that be was deflbltely
• 4
- h. jJL.gj
ouVof'poiiucsr' -
On Tuesday. July J2. 1010, a number
of gentlemen gathered in a private
room of the Lawyers' club, 120 Broad
way, New York, to Inquire of Mr. Wil
son whether be would allow his nami
to tie presented to the New J erne j
Democratic state convention.
On July 10 Mr. Wilson Issued a pub
lie statement In which be said that H
It were the wish "of a decided major)
ty of the thoughtful Democrats of tin
state" that lie sl>oi>ll be their cnndl
date'for governor be would accept the
nomination.
The announcement caused a sensn
tion. It wus received with entlnislasn
by many men of Jgiih parties. Ye;
there were not lacking those who
were so suspicions of Smith and Ills
associate liosses that they could not
believe the nomination was to be giv
en Mr. Wilson without pledges frnn,
lilra. Afiin. some of the liest am
most intelligent men of the Democrat
ic party, while tliey did not doubt the
integrity of the proposed nominee, did
fear that his Inexperience in practical
politics would make him an easy in
strument of the gang. Sir Wilson had
lioen assured that' only his consent
was necessary for bis unchallenged
nomination, but in fact opposition to
it at once arose and continued until
the convent! >n balloted. Three other
Democrats Frail!; S. Knlzenbnch.
George 8. Wiser nud 11. Otto Wlttpen
—lmmediately-entered Ibe ring.
After issuing Ills statement Mr. Wil
son went trii the little town of I.yrne.
Conn., where he has been In the habit
of spending Ills summers, and spent
his summer. He'moved not oiiiTof his
ten fingers In ls>half of the nomina
tion. Certain other tieople, however,
were moving everything movable to
that end: - The fact that the Smith
crowd was advocating lilni puzzled
mnny who otherwise would have been
his foremost supisirters. It was only
(as Mr.' Wilson afterward learned to
his amiizeinenti by sharp dragooning
that a majority sufficient to make him
the choice Was.seated lu the Trenton
convention on Hep*. 15.
Tho spoec.h made in thnt body ly
Clarence Cole, formally putting Prince
ton's president In nomination, was in
terrupfed by Jeers, catcalls and sarcas
tic questions. A few remnrks made
by Mr v Smith were, however, closely
listened to. The big boss said that bo
had no personal acquaintance with
Sir. Wilson. Mr. Wilson and he did
not move lu tbe same world. He bad
never conversed with him. Had con
ditions been different he should hove
preferred a randtdata identified with
the organization. But It was neces
sary to flinl a mini who could tie
elected. .
These were sagacious sentences nnd
had the Incidental merit of telling the
trutb.
On the first ballot, 700 votes being
uecessary to a choice. Woodrow Wil
son received 71'J and wus declared the
nomlneo for governor. Hastily sum
moned from Prluceton, eleven miles
away, be nptHiured on the platform and
made a speech of acceptance so ring
ing In Its assertion of Independence
and so trumpet toned In Its utterance
of the principles of progressive de
mocracy that the convention was fair
ly carried off its feet. Few of the dele
gates had ever scon or htflird Mr. Wil
son. Hnd ho made that si leech before
the bullot there would have been no
ballot. Having made It, he liecame the
caudlduto of a united aud enthusiastic
party.
Now, this story of Mr. Wilson's nomi
nation Is worth telling In some detail
because, in the first place. It Is a fun
ny story. In the light of its sequel,
and because, in tho second place, It lias
to do with the charge of "ingratitude"
—the gravest brought against New
Jersey's governor.
' After a few Speeches in which It was
apparent that the nominee hnd n little
difficulty In bringing himself ta ask
anybody to vote for lilra Mr. Wilson
developed utiusiinl power as a cam
paigner. This candidate hnd things to
sny on which his convictions were so
strong aud Ills sense of their Impor
tance so grenl that, he soon learned
0 by Edmonnlon.
Mrs. Wilson at the Time of Her
Marriage.
language tbat caught tbe ear and won
the warm attentlou of the great body
of the plain voters of New Jersey. Ha
talked to tliem of the need of drag
ging pnbllc limine** out of privato
rooms, where secret Intereata and pro
feaaioßal political Jobbera conaplre, into
tbe oi>en air where all might aee wbat
ta being done; of tbe need of new po
litical machinery that the people
might resume the control of their own
affaire; he talked of tbe vaat social and
induatrlal change* of the paat twenty
year*, making necessary tho renova
tion of all our old aodal and indua
trlal Ideoa; of the need of new rela
tions between worklngmen and their
employers, now that tbeae are daya of
great- corpora tion*; of tbe need of reg
ulating strictly those corporations;
talked (imply, straightforwardly, of
all manner of specific public thinga In
a way that brought them home to the
individual voter with a new sense of
his own peraonal concern lo tbem and
awakened In bim a new realization of
hie duty, bis power and hla opportu
nity. He not '■mil '■'••••t'-tia JJfJed
Continued On Page-l
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