Mtitiittititiiiitinwni
I Saved GirPs Life J
"I want to tell you what wonderful benefit 1 have re- f
F celved from the use of Thedford's Black-Draught," writes J
F Mrs. Sylvania Woods, of Clifton. Mills, Ky.
"It certainly has no equal for la grippe, bad colds, s
J liver and stomach troubles. I firmly believe Black-Draught 5-
F saved my little girl's life. When she had the measles, •
F they went In on her, but one good dose of Thedford's J
J Black-Draught made-them break out, and she has had no J
| more trouble. I shall never be without
BLACK-DRAUGHT
J in my home." For constipation, indigestion, headache, dizzl- J
| ness, malaria, chills and fever, biliousness, and all similar
S ailments, Thedford's Black-Draught has proved Itself a safe,
reliable, gentle and valuable remedy. ■
# If you suffer from any of these complaints,' try Black- #
, J Draught It medicine of known merit Seventy-five J
F years of splendid success proves its value. Good for j
young and old. For sale everywhere. Price 25 cents. f jh
Popular Talks cn Law
THE DANGERS OF BAD PIE.
Uy Wulter K, Towers, A. 8., J. 1).,
of the Michigan Uar.
Resolved, thai it was not more
dangerous for Caesar to establish
electric fatitf in the basement under
the Campus Martins than it is for
us to eat pie.
Such is a favorite question for
college del te. !i is an evidence
of some "l  f !ii that i. poked
at pie. isirt i',!' is a national food,
and ns such the securing of whole
some pic is ;• put of the question
of securing pure food.
Not l"t'K "go "'e |ue*i ion of
pure pie and the legal responsibili
ties of the producer of poor pie
beeeme especially important to a
Massachusetts man named' Wilson.
TJta Wilsons purchased a blue
berry pie from a retail dealer
and partakiiig thereof became very
ill. Wilsqn suffered long ago from
an attack of ptomaine poisoning
caused from eating pie. He sued
the manufacturer of the pie' and
recovered damages. The pie mer
chant carried tin; case to the Su
preme Court, only to be beaten
again. The court hail the follow
ing, In part* to say :
It (the pie company) represented
by advertisement that it was en
gaged in making and selling pie*
which were not only wholesome,
Uut of excellent quality. Apart
from any expectation of pecuniary
gain or apprehension of loss, It
was bound in their preparation to
take every reasonable precaution
to supply an article of food which
would not be deleterious to the
consumer's health. The pie being
unwholesome, and the dealer free
from blame the question is,
Whether there is evidence from
which it could have been found
that the plaintiff's injuries were
attributable to the defendant's
negligence. The selection of the
berries, the manner of assorting ,
and preparing them for use, and
the lagc volume of business trans
acted, are described in detail by
the defendant's witnesses. The
evidence, however, need not be
minutely reviewed. Its essential
features, only, are important. It
seems that a well defined period
of demand for blueberry pies of
the defendant's brand had been es
tablished in the trade, for which
it prepared by buying and keeping
'on hand large quantities of ber
ries . But as they were not all used
when the public appetite slack
ened or ceased, the unused portion
for eight or nine pwnths, or un
til the s uccceding season waa
thereupon stored in whiskey bar
rels, where the extent and force
of the fermentation caused the
heads to burst. The Jurors from
common experience' • Inferred
without difficulty that the fruit
a* a result of the process had he
come merely a mass of pulp thor
oughly unfit for culinary purposes,
and if used might be highly inju
rious or dangerous. The decom
position, moreover, according to
medical testimony, had developed
different toxins and poisons, mak
ing the fierrles noxious. If to
neutralize or overcome these prop
erties, 'the defendant, with knowl
edge of the qualities of the in
gredients, mixed fresh berries
with the product of the barrel*.
n \ ertheless, the fact remained
that the pies in part consisted of
fermented or decayed fruit. It
therefore could not have been rul
ed as matter of law that the agen
cy of fresh berries had counteroct
de the poison* 'and caused the
compound to be healthful, and the
jury, as the Judges correctly held,
were to determine whether the pie
the plaintiff bought and ate had
been properly prepared."
Thus we notice that the manu
facturer of pie who advertise* that
he produce* pure food owe* to
the consumer a duty to make
wholesome pie, and If he doe* not
do so, and injury results to the
person who buys and eat* the pie,
the producer may be required to
pay the damages. Thia applies not
only to dealer* in pie, but to deal
er* in food of every variety and
description. The purity of every
: everything that I* eaten by hu
man* I* of the moat vital fntereat
and so come* within the safegusrd
of the law.
One who sells food at retail
knows that he ia selling It for
consumption, and he la understood
a* giving assurance to his cuatom
is fit for human food. If- it is not
in a condition proper for human
consumption, and he knew of it,
he will be held responsible to the
person who purchases the food
and suffers* loss because of its lack
of purity. One may also advertise
his products as being pure, as did
the pie manufacturer in the above
case, and he will be bound by
what he stateß in his advertise
ment to the public. One may hold
hjmself out of the public as a
provider of proper food, as does
a caterer who places himself be
fore the public as one skilled in
providing and preparing food for
entertainments and similar occa
casions. In a Massachasetts case
a public caterer was enaged b/
persons giving an entertainment
to serve food and drink, and a
person who attended the enter
tainment was injured because of
impurities in the food. The per
son injured sued -the caterer and
was allowed to recover.
Not only does the law provide
redress for the person who is in
jured because of impure food, but
the national and state govern
ments have enacted legislation
with a view to preventing the
sale of improper food. It 1* now
generally understood that it is one
of the proper functions of gov
ernment to guard the food sup
ply of its citizens. The power of
of the government extends to the
providing for the i nspection of
food by public - officials. Pood
supplies may be inspected at the
place they are produced, and if
unfit, sale may be prevented, or
they may even be condemned and
destroyed. Both the United States
government and a majority o fthe
states provide for a rigid inspec
tlonof many classes of food* and
give to their inspector* a wide
authority in preventing the *ale
of food not up to the proper
standard.
Regulation of food not only ex
tends to preventing the prepara
tion and sale of impure food, but
also to protect the public against
imitations and adulterants, which
may be perfectly, harmleas. The
sale of imitation*, a* oieomarger
ine, may be regulated by the gov
ernment with a view to proiect
against imposition. The sale of a
harmless substitute for a stand
ard article may be made lawful,
but the requirement may be added
that by coloration, label or other
device, the public may be inform
ed as to the exact nature of the
product.
The laws which have very gen
erally enacted against the sale
of oleomargerlne colored, ao that
it Is an exact counterfeit of but
ter, have given rise to much, bit
ter litigation. In atate* such a*
Vermont, where the butter pro
ducers are in the ascendancy, some
very (tringent law* have been
passed. One state enacted a law
requiring that all oleomargerlne
be colored p'lnk. Thia wa* defeat
ed in the court*, It being held that
the only proper purpose of legis
lation regulating the preparation
of food waa to protect the public
against impurities, and that re
quiring a pure and wh oleaome
be colored In a rldiculou* manner
that would in effect prevent It*
use as a food wa* not proper.
But the laws which now exlat In
many states forbidding ths sal* of
oleomargerlne colored at all have
been upheld, and thia though in
the same jurisdiction the *sal* of
artificially colored butter Is allow
ed. So when the legialature en
acts that colored oleomargerlne
may not be sold or offered for sale
its decision In the mstter is final.
Msthrr ofl-aghteea Children.
"I am the mother of lit children
and have the praise of doing more
work thsn any young woman in
our town," writes Mrs. C. J. Mar
tin of Boon Mill, Vs., "I suffered
for five years with stomach trou
ble and could not eat aa much as
s biscuit without suffering. I
have taken three bottles of Chsn
berlaln's Tablets and am now a
well woman and weigh 1U pounds.
I can eat anything I want and as
much a* I want, and feel better
; than 1 have at any time within
ten year*. I refer to any one In
[ Boon Mill or vicinity, and they
' will vouch for what I say." Cham
berlain's Tablets are for sale by
' sll dealers. adv.
| On Friday the registration of
student* at the University had
I reached 80S, and It ia expected
. the number will go to 9M. The
I freshmsn class exceeds by any
, similar class in the history of thst
! institution.
mssmomt
CC&2&&4 CM" /£cm frir
Colon, C. Z. —With the completion of
the Panama canal the Importance of
the Panama railway will decline al
most to the vanishing point.
For nearly sixty year* thli railway
haa been carrying people and freight
from ocean to ocean. Though only 47
miles long. It haa been, for certain
pcrtode, one of the moat important and
moat Interesting railroad lines In the
world. During the building of the
canal, under the ownership of the
United States, it has become one of
the bost equipped and most efficient of
railways. It haa given great help In
the construction of the canal that will
prove its virtual death.
The finding of gold In California waa
the cause of the building of the Pana
ma railroad. TOT long years before
the wUd rush of argonaats in 1849 the
Isthmus was almost forgotten by the
civilised world, but when the yellow
metal was discovered on the west
coast It became once more a great
trade route. In order to avoid the long
trip across the plains In "prairie
schooners," thousands of gold-seekers
went by boat to Chagree, up the Char
gres river to Oorgona or Cruces and
thence over the old Spanish road to
Panama. This, too, was a long route
and In the rainy season a painful and
dangerous one because of the preva
lence of disease.
To the rescue of the gold hunters
came three bold Americans, W. H. As
plnwall, Henry Cbauncey and John I*
Stevens. In 1848 these men had asked
the government of New Oranada for a
concession for the road, and in 18(0
Stevens obtained It at Bogota. The
Pacific tenntus could not be otherwise
than at Panama, but at first tho har
bor of Porto Bello was selected for the
Atlantic terminus. However,; a New
Tork speculator spoiled this plan by
buying up all the land about the har
bor and holding It at a very high price,
so Navy Bay waa chosen Instead.
When work on the line waa begun In
May, ISSO, there was no celebration,
no turning of the flrat spadeful of
earth with a golden shovel.
Two Americans with a gang of In
dians landed,on Mansanlllo Island, now
the site of the city of Colon, then a
desolate, uninhabited spot, and began
the tremndoue task of clearing the
route through the dense jungle. The
surveying party suffered intensely, for
the land was so swampy and so Infest
ed with malaria and yellow fever bear
ALAMANCE
FAIM
OCT. 7,8, 9 and 10
—-» - - - • : M
* 4'
Exhibits o£ Sheep, Cattle and Swine will
be unsurpassed by any County Fair.
GOOD HORSE RACING !
BEST FREE ATTRACTIONS !
BIGGEST MIDWAY IN THE HISTORY
OF THE FAIR
Splendid Exhibits of Farm Products and
Ladies. Handiwork
Come and see the Fair and meet your old Friends
ADMISSION 35 and 25cts
ing mosauuoea unit tney were com
pelled U. tleoj aboard b sL/lp. Muh
of the time they carried their lunches
tied on their beads and ate them
standing waist-deep in the water.
The efforts of the company to ob
tain laborers were attended by a ter
rible tragedy. Bight hundred Chinese
were brought over from Hong Kong,
but within a week of their landing
scores of them died. Opium was given
the survivors and for a short time
checked the ravages of disease. But
the supply of the drug was shut off on
account of Its cost, and again the
deaths became numerous. The poor
Orientals In despair began to commit
suicide, some by hanging, others by
Impalement, while some deliberately
sat down upon the seashore and wait
ed for the rising tide to overwhelm
them. In a few weeks scarce two hun
dred were left, and these, broken in
health and spirits, were sent to Ja
maica.
Another shipload of laborers, this
time from Ireland, met no better fate,
for nearly every man died.
The material difficulties that con
fronted tho railway builders are thus
summarized by Tomes In his "Panama
In 1856:" "The isthmus did not sup
ply a single resource necessary for tbe
undertaking. Not only the capital,
skill and enterprise, bjit the labor, the
wood and Iron, the dally food, the
clothing, the roof to cover and the In
struments to work with came from
abroad. . . . Most of the material
used for the construction of the road
was brought from vaet distances.
Although the country abounded
In forests, it was found necessary,
from the expense of labor and the
want of routes of communication, to
send the timber, for the most part,
from the United States, and not only
were the rails, to a considerable ex
tent, laid on American pine, but the
bridges, and the houses and work
shops of the various settlements were
of tbe same wood, all fashioned in
Maine and Georgia. The metal work,
the rails, the locomotives and the tools
were brought either from England or
tbe United States. Tbe dally food of
the laborers, even, came from a New
York market." i...J.
The first section of the road waa
laid through a mangrove swamp In
which no bottom was found, the tracks
being floated on an Immense pontoon.
By October. 1851, eight miles had been
completed and soli J ground was
reached ht Qatun. Uiik ol fund* now
began to hamper the builders. In
▼estors in the states had become dis
couraged and the cost at labor had ad
vanced. But a hurricane came to the
Two ships Joaded with gold
seekera were forced to anchor near
Manzanillo Island and the passengers
paid the company a handsome sum to
carry them to Oatun In work cars. The
new* that the road had carried more
than a thousand passengers reached
New York and funds again flowed into
tbe coffers of the company.
As the work progressed passengers
were hauled longer and longer dis
tances and before the line was com
pleted the receipts from passengers
and freight were, considerably above
$2,000,000. The lant rallß were laid
the night of January 27, 1865, and the
next day' the first train passed clear
across the Isthmus from the Atlantic
to the Pacific. The entire cost of the
road up to December 31, 1858, had
been something less than $8,000,000
and Its gross earnings in the same
time were a little more than that sum.
The rate across the Isthmus was put
at $25 gold, being Intended to be to a
certain extent prohibitive until they
could get things Into good running or
der, but £o great was the volume of
travel that the rate was not reduced
for more.than twenty years. Soon aft
er Its opening the road began to de
clare 24 per cent, dividends, and at
oni time Its stock 1 went up to 350.^
In the '6o's the company -fell on hard
times. It lost much of Its freight traf
fic, was held up by the politicians in
Bogota and then suffered by the com
pletion of the Union Pacific railroad.
Next Russell Sage and others like him
got control of the directorate and
wrecked the road. When de Leaseps
came over to dig a canal his company
bought up the stock and used the road
to help in its work.
Then In 1904 tbe United Stateß
bought out the French company and
also acquired the railway and so it
became the first American road to be
owned by the government. So eco
nomically and efficiently has It been
conducted since then that It Is cited
as an argument for the government
ownership of all our railways.
The building of the canal and espe
cially the creation of the artificial Ga
tun lake made necessary the reloca
tion of the Panama ra lroad along
most of Its route. The old roadbed
now Is under water for much of the
way, the old line still in use being only
ebout seven ralleß In length, from Co
lon to Mindi and from Corozal to Pana
ma. From Mindl to Oatun the grade
ascends to 96 feet above tide level.
From Gatun the road runs east until It
is four and a half miles from the
canal, and then south again on great
embankments across the Gatun valley.
Along this stretch passengers ob
tain an unusual view. Because of the
construction of the Gatun dam across
tbe channel of the Chagres river, the
Chagres valley and all Its tributary
valleys have been converted into a
lake with an area of about 164 square
miles. The Gatun valley Is one of
these drowned arms and as the train
crosses, wide stretches of water are to
be seen on both Bides of the track.
Down below the surface! are ptill vis
ible the tops of giant trees that have
been killed by submergence, and ajong
the edges of the lake the tallest and
hardiest of the trees reach thlr dead
limbs above the waters. Here and
la a pretty nttle Island tnat not
long ag» waa vAe auw ) It of a hilt, .and
tbe shore line la most picturesquely
broken up by capet;, peninsulas and
bays.
From Monte Llrio the line skirts the
shore of the lake to 'the beginning of
the Culebra cot at Bos Obispo. Orig
inally It was Intended to carry the rail
road through the Culebra cut on a 40-
foot beam along the east side, ten feet
above water level, but this plan waa
knocked out by the slides and breaks.
The line was carried around Oold Hill
to a distance of two miles from the
canal until It reached the Pedro Mi
guel valley, down which It runs to
Paraiso and the canal again. Th«nce
It runs almost parallel with the chan
nel to Pa aarna. There are two big
steel brirt -os on the' line. One, near
Monte Lirio, has a center lift span to
permit access to tbe upper arm of Ga
tun lake; the other, a quarter of a
mile long, across the Chagres river at
Gamboa. The total cost of building
the new line of the railway was $8,866,-
392. In addition, a large cum has been
expended In Increasing the terminal
facilities.
Of course, even afteP the canal is
opened, the railway will have a good
deal of business, transporting people
and gotJs between Colon and Pancna,
tnd serving the needs of the operating
fcrcer. of the canal. But its days of
glo»y have departed, and J. A. Smith,
tlie American w'.o has been Its effi
cient general superintendent, recog
nizing flirt fact, has resigned and re
turned tc :'•>« stftea.
JEWELS FROM BLAY SCALES
Thli Much Known of the Secret ol
the Creation of Artificial
Pearls.
As the real pearl comes from th«
oyster, so to a large extent Is the
manufacture of artificial pearls de
pendent on a certain species of fish
The complete processes are of course
tradp secrets, but It Is of Interest to
noto\that it Is from the' brilliant
scales of the ablet, or blay, that es
sence d'Orient Is produced and It 1b
with this essence that Imitation pearls
are manufactured.
The blay is described as "a small
fish with a green back and a white
belly," and the essence Is obtained
exclusively from the white scales,
which are covered with a pigment ol
metallic appearance.
They are first treated with am
monia and then with fish glue, a pow
der being first obtained and then a
pas f e which can be easily spread on
glass. • "»
In the early stages of manufacture,
about 1656, this essence d'Ori rnt was
applied to little balls of plaster, but
the temperature and the lamp heat o(
the human body modified the ad
hesive qualities of the pearly matter
and caused changes of color.
It was in 1680 that a Parisian named
Jacquin invented a method of cover
ing small glass balls with the same
essence d'Orient, thnS producing the
first practical artificial pearls.
In the north east of France
and in Germany blay fishing is ac
tively pursued. About 4,000 are re
quired to produce a pound of scales,
which in turn gives a quarter of a
pound of the essence. The price of
the scales varies between $1.75 and
$2.10 a pound.
■pawn
For Infants and Children.
The Kind You Have
Always Boughf
_ . - Bears the
111 Signature /Ajl
S(l§J|■ Promotes I%sttonft«tM- « £. XIF
H»f i , nessandßestfontatasnelfcr Oi iiV \k
Pog ! Opium.Morphine nor Miami. #1 Vl 1F
E3u;j NOT NARCOTIC. UUU
■ : \Ar
|| ||f j ' | n
Blffli tton, Sour Stomach. D larrtwa I I
Hi ■ Worms jConvulskms .Feverish I lk/ _ A
nesarndLossorSuro lIT LA* []llQr
;jo J; hU sifnsnw «* iv/ ■UI Uful
IMSS- Thirty Years
IHCASTORIA
Exact Copy of Wrapper. m u>T i un mm cnrr.
CT> SOUTHERN RAILWAY
Direct Line To All Points
NORTH, SOUTH, EAST, WEST.
Very Low Round Trip Rates to all Principal Resorts
Through Pullman to Atlanta leaves, Raleigh 4:05 p. m. arrives At
lanta 6:35 a. m.-, making close connection for an arriving Montgom
ery following day after leaying Raleigh, 11:00 a. in., Mobile 4:12 p.
m., New Orleans 8:20 p. m., Birmingham 12:15 m, Memphis 8:05 p.
m., Kansas City 11:20 a. m. second day, and-connecting for all other
points. This car also makes clos« connection at Salisbury for St.
Louis and other Western Points.
Through Parlor Car for Asheville leaves Goldsboro at 6:45 a. m.,
Raleigh 8:35 a. m., arrives Asheville 7:40 p. m., making close connec
tion with the Carolina Special and arriving Cincinnati 10:00 a. m.
following day after leaving Raleigh, with close connection for all
points North and North-West.
Pullman for Winston-Salem leaves Raleigh 2:30 a. m., arrives
Greensboro 6:30 a. m., making close connection for all points North,
Soneh, East and West. This car is handled on train 111 leaving
Goldsboro at 10:15 p. m.
If you desire any information, please write or call. We are here to
furnish information as well as to sell tickets.
H. F. CARY, J. O. JONES, T. P. A.,
General Passenger Agent, 215 Fayetteville St.,
Washington, D. 0. Raleigh, N. 0.
Enjjlisfy Spavin Linimnet re
moves Hard, Soft and Calloused
Lumps and Blemishes from horses;
also Blood Spavins, Curbs, Splints,
Sweeney,. Ring Bone, Stiflt-s,
Sprains, Swollen Throats, Coughs,
etc. Save SSO by use of one bot
tle. A wonderful Blemish Cure.
Sold by Graham Drug Company,
adv
Madam, Read McCa'Fs
The Fashion Au&ority
y 1 " "■ 1 " ■
McCALL*3 i* a la-re, artiitie, hand
i-imeljr iltuitruUd 1 monthly
Macuinn that u buti.irf to the V>appi>
neat and efficiency of 1.100.000
women each «n>n h-
Rarb Iwie is brlmftil of Milm fhncy
work, inturerttaft fllioit atom*. a.id arorea
of labor-HAvlux mid ciih-.v miviiik idt*aa
fot women. There are in ore limn 60 of
ttio newest of the crl brated
McCALL PA'lTfcliXtf in each >
MeCAI.T, PATTIS!t>*M nr» ftmious for
style, fit, nlmpllt Uv and tv-uiiomy. Only
10 mid lo wiiu c ui ii.
The pnhlMi fTH rf WrCALL'S wllUiMlA
tho ; :;:nln of d Mar* extra In the coining
months in c-dcr t i Irm n Mci'ALl/4 head
anu fljnultlrtu a?)ov« all other Women's
murezJnrs ut any t eh*. However,
McCAtL'A iJ only Owe a year; positively
worth fl.oo.
T «*» M" s-vt Of *n Pr-i
from your mpy of lIcCALL'B, if you
au l*ciUa> quick;/.
THE XcOU COJCPAJfT. Z26 W* 374 Si. Ktv \k'i
>OTE-A«k (iw « Irff copy of McCALf-'l wowl*».
f.l atw pr*hiiuif* t-talajrur Sample coyy tud |*a(-
term taulogu- «l»c lrr« oo rt«'jal ■>
This School is Supreme
in Teaching Law by Mafl
(TOE ORIGINALTSCHOOLI
■ 40 Vt AOS DEPUTATION m a
Slllj
I Graham Drag Co. I
A damage suit in the amount of
| $20,000 has been filed in Salisbury
'by J. F. Melsheimer, administra
; tor of the late A. R. Heisheimer,
killed July 31st by falling from a
i telephone pole in Salisbury.' The
; action is Jointly against the Bell
| Telephone Company for whom
Meivheimer worked as A lineman,
and the North Carolina Public Ser
vice Company,
BLANK
BOOKS
Journals, Ledgers,
Day Books,
Time Books,
Counter Books,
Tally Books,
Order Books,
Large Books,
Small Books,
Pocket Memo.,
Vest Pocket Memo.,
&C* &c.
For Sale At
The Gleaner
Printing Office
Graham, N. C
I Very Serious
Itiaavecy seriouamatter to uk
far one mrdlcinii and 'have the
wrong one given you. For this
won we urge you in baying to
be carc&U to get the genuine—
BLACK-&HT
Liver Medtrtne
I The reputation of this oU, rella
ble medicine, far constipation, in
digaetJoo and liver trouble, Ia Brnv
freetahriehod. It doe* not imitate
Other mariicinee. It ia bcUn than
•then, or it would not be the fa
vorite brer powder, with e larger
Mie than all othere combneo.
aou> DI Town n
jlUUlieviß -
J||[||^^HV.KXPCINENCK
HmW 1 B 1
wp fi ■ ■
*wH■ 1 ■ f
AerwyeijMjy »»d "g
Scientific American.