R6OTIS CAUSE
OF MLDSSES
Disease of Rye and Occasionally
Found on Wheat and Other
Cultivated Crops.
PRODUCE SPORES IN SPRING
——————— j B
Ailment Haa Become Widely Distrib
uted Across Continent—Durum
Wheata Seem to Be Mora Sub
ject to Attack.
(Prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.)
Ergot, a widespread disease of rye,
and occasionally reported on wheat
and the other cultivated cereals and
related grasses, has this year been ob
served in North Dakota as a destruc
tive disease of wheat. Samples of
thrashed wheat sent to the United
States Department of Agriculture from
several points In northeastern North
Dakota carry as much as 10 per cent
by weight of the ergot bodies. This
figure does not fully represent the
probable amount of ergot produced by
the crop, for an appreciable percent-
gfpv • "> 'i'i |.' |i|'j^i' % 'VSfr-
Ergot Has Become Very Destructive
In Rye and Particularly Durum
Wheats, Even Occurring to a Marked
Degree in Barley.
nge of tfie sclerotla, or ergot bodies,
would, of course, be blown out with
foreign material either as a part of
the screenings or with the straw
through the blow stacker.
Ergot can be dlstlftgulshed In ripen
ing wheat as large bluish black bodies,
which In many instances are from
three to eight tlmej as lange as the
grain of wheat or rye which they dis
place In the head. Many of these bod
ies fall from the ripe wheat or rye
head during the process of harvesting
and lie on the ground all winter. They
germinate in the spring and produce
spores which infect the wheat or rye
head when It Is in bloom. >
As a disease of wheat, ergot has be
come widely distributed across the
country from New York to Oregon and
from the Canadian border to the south
ern limits of wheat production, but not
until within the past three years has It
attracted more than passing attention.
From such observations as have been
recorded there Is some reason to be
lieve that the disease Is becoming not
only more prevalent but is also more
widely distributed. The durum wheats
seem to be more subject to attack than
do the common wheats; at any rate,
reports based on field observations and
on samples of thrashed grain show a
higher percentage of ergot in the du
rum varieties.
Ergot Is Poisonous to Live Btock.
The Importance of ergot as a cereal
disease lies not so much In Its relation
to,crop yield as It does In Its poison
ous effect upon an'mals that unwitting
ly have been given a ration of screen
ings or other feed lontainlng the ergot
bodies. It Is now generally accepted
that flour made from wheat or rye Is
unfit for food If It contains more than
one-tenth of 1 per cent by weight of
ergot. Screenings obtained from wheat
or rye affected with ergot would nat
urally Include ergot bodies, and these
when ground at the feed mill are
scarcely recognizable as a part of the
grist. Such feed, when fed to poul
try or other live stock, may result In
fatal poisoning.
As a cereal disease, ergot may be
controlled by planting clean seed Im
mediately after any other crop than
wheat or rye In which there was an
outbreak of ergot.
Winter rye volunteers readily, and
these volunteer plants are almost al
ways badly Infected with ergot. Sow
ing wheat after rye, therefore. Is bad
practice, for, regardless of whether the
ergot attack* the wheat. Its presence
In volunteer rye is sure to leave a con
siderable quantity of both rye and er
got in the wheat as It comes from the
thrashing machine. This foreign mat
ter Is likely to lower the grade of the
wheat as well as afreet Its value for
bread-making purposes.
Freeing Beed Grain of Ergot.
Rye or wheat containing ergot bod
ies be perfectly cleaned by pouring
the grain Into a vat or barrel contain
ing a 20 per cent solution of common
aalt and stirring thoroughly to brißg
the ergot bodies to the surface. The
difference In' specific gravity between
this solution and freah water will bring
• all ergot bodies, or pieces of such ma
terial, to the surface where they can
be skimmed off. The brine should
then be drawn off and the grain then
washed in fresh water to remore any
wit remaining on the seed.
PEA ROOT-ROT FOUND
IN WESTERN STATES
Muoh of Seed Grown in Montana,
Idaho and Utah.
■ * '. ,'
I
Survey Indicate* That There Are , In
cipient Caeee of Dleeaee In Nearly
All of the Moat Important
Districts. r
(Prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.)
Does pea root-rot, so destructive In
the pea-canning sections of the Eastern
and Central states, occur In the Impor
tant seed-producing sections of the
West, or Is there some basis for the
belief of the growers there that their
climate and soil safeguard them In
some way from loss? Is there any
danger df the spread of pea diseases
with western seed.
Answers to these questions have
been made by specialists of the bu
reau of plant Industry, United States
Department of Agriculture, who have
studied the pea disease situation dur
ing the past season, which has been
one of heavy loss In some of the older
sections of the country, where pea
root-rot has now become so common
that many fields are unproductive and
the continuation of the Industry seems
uncertain In some localities.
Much of the seed used In the East
ts grown In Montana, Idaho, and Utah,
where the Industry ts relatively young.
A survey of these states, however, In
dicates that there are Incipient cases
of pea root-rot In nearly all of the Im
portant districts ar.d that under pres
ent conditions It will be only a matter
of time before this type of trouble Is
as widespread as It Is In the East.
In the same way the western potato
growers, who formerly escaped root
troubles, now find their yields very
greatly curtailed by Fusarlum blight,
Rhlzoctonla, and other fungus para
sites which have Increased with the
longer culture of the crop. The west
ern climate cannot be depended upon
to keep plants healthy. Growers
should therefore watch carefully for
the iy)pearance of pea root-rot and
practice the longest possible rotations
to prevent Its development. The sit
uation Is not one to Justify undue
alarm, but these findings should be
taken seriously If the Interests of the
pea crop In later years are to be safe
guarded.
The danger of spreading pea dis
eases with the seed Is minimized by
the department specialists, who point
out that only one disease, the leaf
and pod spot, Is carried In this way,
and this Is not as general or extensive
as has been believed.
ADVANTAGES OF SELF-FEEDER
Inverted "V" at bottom of Device Com
pels Grain or Feed to Slide
Out Into Trough.
This self-feeder for hogs, as perfect-
by Director Christie at Indiana ex
periment station, is made as shown by
this cross section. It will be seen that
the inverted "V" at bottom of feeder
compels the grain or feed to slide out
Into the trough. The side gate can be
00. LfO
SBTWUy •• | ..
«eeT/oi-iA-A
Self-Feeder for Hogs.
adjusted to let out as little or as much
feed as desired. The pigs will them
selves raise the outside cover, which
drops down when they are through
eating. This feeder has some advan
tages over other types. Other types
are described In Farmers' Bulletin 906
—free from Department of Agriculture,
Washington.
DETERIORATION OF WOODLOTS
■*
There Is Usually Almost No Young
Growth of Tree Bpecies Where
Pastured Heavily.
Heavy pasturing of farm woods has
been one of the chief causes of their
deterioration. It has been found by the
forest service, United States Depart
ment of Agriculture. The severity of
damage depends largely upon the
number of stock and the make-up of
the woods. In heavily pastured woods
there Is usually almost no young
growth of the valuable tree species.
Cattle, horses, aheep, or goats eat
young seedlings, particularly the hard
woods, trample them out, or else
break them ofT. Hogs eat some kinds
of seed and thus prevent reproduction
from starting or root young seedlings
out of the ground and sometimes eat
the roots.
In those parts of the southern long
leaf pine region where hogs run wild
they are known to do a great deal of
damage to the seedlings and often
damage trees several feet In height.
When driven out of the swamps by
high water In the late winter and early
spring they root up the tong-leaf pine
seedlings and devour the heavy roots.
Observations carried on In Louisiana
have ahown stands of several thousand
long-leaf pine seedlings per acre where
protected against hogs and no seed
lings on adjacent areas which wete
THE ALAMANCE GLEANER, GRAHAM, N. C.
| The Kitchen 1
|$ .Cabinet}
Copyright, 1(11, Western Newspaper Union
"No matter what your expertencee
have been, the varioue fragments of
your life may be Joined to make suet
cess, Just as the smallest bits of (lass
are used In the most beautiful mo
saic."
DISHEB FROM GOLDEN FRUIT.
A glass of orange Juice once or twice
a day Is a healthful drink for very
young or the aged.
sugar, mineral
KSf-KyS vors 'hat are es-
It&lb > peclally good for
the blood. A ta
ange Juice given
to the baby will correct constipation.
It Is a medicine that no one will re
fuse to take, and that Is the whole
problem with children. >
Orange and Nut Pie.—Cream two
tablespoonfuls of butter with one cup
ful of sugar and one-half cupful of
boiled rice pressed through a sieve
while hot. When well blended add
one cupful of boiling water and cook
slowly until thickened, stirring con
stantly. Mix the grated rind and
Juice of one large orange, one table
spoonful of lemon Juice and two egg
yolks. Add this to the hot mixture
and cook for two to three minutes.
Remove from the Are and cool slight-'
ly. Pour Into a baked pastry shell;
with one-half cupful of fine
ly-chopped nut-meats and one cupful
of orange pulp. Cover with a mer
ingue, using the' two egg whites and
when stiffly beaten, stir In four table
spoonfuls of sugar. Heap on top
roughly and bake until a delicate
brown.
In all orange puddings avoid cook
ing at a high temperature any orange,
as It becomes bitter and unpalatable.
The juice separated from the pulp Is
palatable cooked.
Orange Whip.—Soak two table
spoonfuls of gelatin In one-half cupful
of water for five minutes; add one
cupful of boiling water and one-half
cupful of sugar and stir until the
sugar and gelatin are dissolved. Add
one and three-fourths cupfuls of or
ange Juice, one-quarter of a cupful of
lemon juice; strain and cook until It
begins to thicken. Beat until foamy;
fold In the stiffly-beaten whites of
two eggs and heap lightly In orange
shells placed In sherbet glasses. Gar
nish \Wth a section of orange with all
the membrane removed.
To add .to the resources of one's
life—think how much that means! .To
add to those things tliat make us
more at home In the world; that help
guard us against ennui and stagna
tion; that Invest the country with new
Interest and excitement; that make
every walk In the fields or woods an
excursion Into a land of exhausted
treasures; that make the returning
seasons All us with expectation and
delight; that make every rod of
ground like a page of a book. In which
new and strange-things may be read;
in short, those things that keep us
fresh and sane and young and make
us Immune to the strife and fever of
the world.—John Burroughs.
EAT FOODS TO KEEP WELL.
Fruits of all kinds are essential foi
good health. Fresh fruits, when rea
fruits are always
many unusual
• be found to serve
your purpose very satisfactorily.
Fruit Bread.—Sift together one Cup
ful of flour, one and one-fourth cup
fuls of graham flour, one tablespoon
ful of sugar, four teaspooufuls of bak
ing powder, one teaspoonful of salt.
Add five tablespoonfuls of shortening,
beat two eggs until light; add one cup
ful of milk and one-fourth of a cup
ful of molasses. Stir Into the dry mix
ture and add three-fourths of a cup
ful of chopped figs, one-fourth of n
cupful of chopped dates and six prunes
chopped fine. Pour Into a well-greased
bread pan* and let stand 30 minutes.
Bake In a moderate oven 40 minutes.
Let stand 24 hours before using. One
fourth of a Cupful of nuts may be add
ed If desired.
Prune Btufflng for Goose.—Mix two
cupfuls of stale bread crumbs with
two-thirds of a cupful of melted short
ening. one teaspoonful of salt, one
eighth of a teaspoonful of pepper and
one and one-half teaspoonfuls of sage.
Add one apple peeled and chopped and
one cupful of stewed, drained, stoned
and chopped prunes. Moisten with
prune Julqe and use for filling the
goose.
Jellied Prune Whlp_Wash and cov
er with cold water one-half pound of
prunes, and simmer slowly until ten
der. Add one-half cupful of sugar and
simmer five minutes longer. Drain,
saving the Juice; remove the stones
and cut the prunes Into very small
pieces. Soak two tablespoonfuls of
gelatine In one-fonrth of a cupful of
cold water for five minutes, and stir
Into the hot prune Jnlce. Add the Juice
of one large lemon, and cool until be
ginning to thicken, then whip until
light and,foamy. Fold In the prunes
and the stiffly beaten whites of two
eggs. Pour Into a mold or serving dish
and serve very cold.
TODAY'S ALL-DAY DRESSES,
CORRECT STYLES IN BLOUSES
IT GOES without saying that this
season's all-day dresses to be worn
under coats In cold weather are
itralght up and down affairs with or
without a waistline. This matter dls-
posed of, as It was once for all at the
beginning of the season, leaves design
ers to reveal their resourcefulness In
many Ingenious details of making or
trimming or In accessories, and many
are the surprises by which they seise
our Interest and delight us. The suc
cess of these frocks depends upon the
Imagination of their creators nnd they
have been endlessly varied by the
vogue for the uneven hemline. ,fi>r rib
bon and monkey fur trimmings, odd
girdles, unusual embroideries, curious
sleeves and by other means.
Both wool and silk fabrics are used
for auch attractive and practical all-
H IbMI m
/11 [1
vhmmmivm ""** *■ «■ m—mmmmmmmmmmm—m m—m
All-Day Dresses Um
dny dresses ns those pictured here—
the silk nearly "always In the heavier
crepe weaves „or occasional satins.
Colors are sedate with dark navy and
black tn great favor. Two black frocks
are shown here, one of them of wool
velours In a chemise dress and one In
crepe with u bloused bodice. The wool
dress employs monkey fur fringe up
the side seams and as a finish for the
sleeves In the simplest manner pos
sible. But It Is used In many other
ways; as a finish for diagonal bands
across the front of the skirt or to bor
der circular ornaments of braid, scat
tered over the dress. The girdle of
black beads makes a brilliant finish.
The crepe frock uses many yards of
moire ribbon In frills to simulate along
tunic on the straight full skirt. The
square neck Is outlined with two ruf
fles of the ribbon and the front of th»
bodice further decoriited with three
4 Blouses Are Smartly Simple.
frills of It. The sleeve* are; finished [
In the siime way. A short sash of I
wider moire Is tied In the most casual I
of bows at the left side.
Both moire and fire ribbons In nnr- !
row widths (sometimes only a half- j
Inch wlde)« have been used on woo!
frock* In ruffles grouped In rows.
One very successful frock of navy
polret twill I* cut on the same line* .
as the crepe frock pictured, bnt Is |
scalloped at the bottom. Ci-re ribbon I
a half-lncli wide makes the frills that j
outline thMScallops at the bpttom and j
extend op onto th# skirt almost to the !
hlpline at the Hght side of each scal
lop.
The keynote of costume design
ing for this season la simplicity,
and blouse* find It greatly to their
advantage to follow the lead of
fashion ID this matter. The simplest
lines contrive to bs the moat graco
ful, especially In the fine, soft crepes
that hold the attention of blouse mak
ers, and they look to graceful lines
and clever trimmings to make the suc
cess of their new offerings.
If the question as to which Is the
most beautiful of fabrics were put to
a vote, the honors would be very like
ly to go to crepe de chine, and tills
softly lustrous material Is used for
both of the blouses pictured here.
They are both cut In the simplest
manner, having no seams, except those
at the sides and underarm, and no
opening except the round neck with
short slash at the front. The blouse
Is merely a .piece of wide crepe, fold
ed midway of Its length and cut to
form kimono uleeves and underarm
seams; and more or less definition Is
i given to the waistline by me»is of
isual and Ingenious.
draping or girdle. In the blouse of
black crepe, bordered with white
crepe, the fullness at the waistline Is
disposed of by gathers at the sides.
It Is Cleverly trimmed with small,
opaque white beads —for which em
broidery that simulates beads might
be substituted. The slash at the neck
fastens with small link buttons.
Two colors are used In the hand
some blouse with a rash—in this mod
el they are beige and henna. Henna
seems destined this season to rescue
the sedate colors, as brown, taupe of
nav.v, from being commonplace—ll
lends them Its own distinction. Both
embroidery and beads are cleverly
u.?ed In this model; the beads (In the
| bugle variety) outline the neck and
oover the Joining of the two colors in
j the body of the blouse. They are
I scattered over the whole blouse In lit
tle triangles, and form a fringe for
the tabs which finish the front. Th»
long sash Is mude of the henna-colored
crejie.
Many neutral toned models are
given a brilliant dash of color In the
new and popular futurist colors. These
are effectively combined with metal
threads In this way. Conventional ]»
signs nre outlined with g.»ld. silver or
bronze thread, or perhaps all three In
one design. The Inside portion of the
squares are filled In with red, green,
yellow and blue floss, done In solid
embroidery. French knots, same color
as tlie fabric, are stitched In between
the gay silk, and metal triangles and
squares.
eermewr w veiew *wwuw VNWW
COULD HARDLY EAT ANYTHING UNTIL HE USED P£-|{(J-NA
NEMHBOM FOUND IT A
I - NOT ONLY FOR
IWILIFERSMLRW CHILLS FEVER
II CHILL TONIC " But a Fine General Tonic
Wards Off Malaria and Restores Strength. Try It
Queer.
"A great many titles, If they are
Bounded, ring false," said Oortlandt
Bleecker at a Newport tea. "Since
the World war, especially, there has
been a queer lot of titles floating
about. :)i«| I
"Some of them are as suspicious as
Rev. Washington White's. His title
was 'I)' —'Kev. Washington White, D.'
A stranger asked him to explain it,
and he said:
" 'De Holy Saints' university of
Vlckaburg, sah, will sell me a D. D,
title fo' fo'ty dollars. Wall, Ah took
up a collection among mah flock, and
collected S2O, sah, and de university
done sent me mah fust D. Soon's Ah
send de udder twenty Ah gits de full
title.'"
THE DOOR SLAMS
Oil HAPPINESS
Poor Blood Makes Bad Health-
Then Come the "Blues."
Once the vigor of red blood becomes
sapped of Its strength, the door to hap
piness Is literally slammed. Weari
ness of body follows and It unfailingly
engenders depressed thoughts. To be
reserved and cheerless becomes a
habit. After a time there Is an almost
filmy dimness In the expression of the
eyes and a pallor to the skin. Days
seem dull and dark and difficult. A
sense of Insufferable gloom pervades
the spirit.
Then It Is that Gude's Pepto-Mangan '
Is the great help. It Is a red blo#d
builder. It puts red Into the blood—
Increases the number* 'of corpuscles
which make blood rich and red. When
the blood Is restored to Its natural
healthy state, the sensation of well
being returns. Instead of shuffling
along carelessly; there Is the firm and
springy step, the bright lusterful eyes,
the clear complexion, Identified with
the strength and vigor of good health.
The druggist has Gude's Pepto-Man
• gan In both liquid and tablet form.
Advertisement.
Taking Him Down.
W. L. George, the English novelist,
declared at a woman's club In Chicago,
during his lecture tour, that women
novelists were Inferior to men.
"Men," he suld, "with their larger
outlook, can write about all, sorts of
things. Women, however, only write
about love."
"Well," said a woman novelist who
wns present, "that Is ns It should be.
The best way fo stir your Readers Is
with a spoon."
. DANDERINE
Stops Hair Coming Out;
Thickens, Beautifies.
B.') cents boys n I *>tUe of "Dander-
Ine" at any drug store. After one ap
plication you can not find a particle
of dandrufT or n falling hair. Besides,
every hair shows new vigor, bright
ness, more color and abundance. —Ad-
« vertlsemcnt.
Conclusive,
"Algernon, I cannot be engaged to
ypu any longer." "Why not? Some
whim, I suppose." "Because yester
day I married Mr. Flubdub." "In that
case % I guess 111 have to release you,
kid." —Louisville Courier-Journal
.J* ** Morning
KeepVbur Eytes
•I m weak and tlrad and could hardly eat mythic* until 1
naad Pi-rHi, Boon nay appatl te ww (ood and ay airength
returned. I told my neighbors and (Toy CM of them found
It a woDderful medicine Ton can alwaya fat a doaa at
Pa-re-aa at ay hosae no matter what the war tax."
Ma. T. Jt. Vutom
Box K, Bract City, Wo.
Catarrh of the atomaeh and bowel* la among
the many forma of catarrhal dlseaaea from
which a large number of people needleaaly
Buffer. Fifty yean of aaefalneaa la the guar*
antee behind
PE-RU-NA
MkttirUaH M Emjwbrt
The Greater Danger
"Landslides and the like are not
the only things t9 be feared in the
Alps," says an American traveler.
"An American bride and groom were
spending their honeymoon In Switier
land. One day, as they were climbing
over the difficult passes, admiring the
scenery, tliey suddenly came upon a
bear.
"Oh, Henry, look!" exclaimed the
terrified wife. "Let's run for the val
ley, quick!"
But the young man stood still, un
decided. "Impossible I" he said.
"Impossible 7"
"Yes, my dear. Why, we'd nin right
Into the clutches of the hotel keep
ers !" —Philadelphia Ledger.
Do the difficult things first and the
easy ones will take care of them
selves.
Are Yon Frail?
, How's Your Appetite?
This Advice it Vital to You
Covington, Ky.—"l was run-down in
health, suffered with backache, head
ache. poor appetiterete., and Dr. Pierce's
Golden Meaical Discovery cured me
sound and well. I had not finished tak
ing all of the first bdltle when I began to
fed much better. Now I keep a little of
the 'Golden Medical Discovery' on hand
all the time."—Mrs. 8. E. Hughes, 113
Court Place.
Start on the road to health at once by
obtaining this "Discovery" of Dr. Pierced
from your neighborhood druggist in tab
lets or liquid, or send 10c to Dr. Pierce'a
Invalids' Hotel in Buffalo, N. Y., (or
Mai «kg., and write for free advice.
No Soap Better
For Your Skin—r
Than Cuticura
SMP 25C, Obtaeat 25 aad 50c, Talctm 25b
[JurtTryJ
"Only One Thing
Breaks My Cold"
THE relief that Dr. King'* New
Discovery gives from stubborn old
colds, and onrushing new ones, grippe
and throat-torturing coughs lias made
It the standard remedy it ia today.
Time-tried for fifty years and ne»v
more popular than today. No harmful'
drugs.
You will soon notice the relief io
loosened phlegm and eased cough.
Always reliable, and good for the
whole family. Ha« a convincing, heal
ing taste with all it* good medicinal
qualities. At all druggists, 60 cents.
Dr. King's
New Discovery
For Colds and CouOHs
The Result* of Constipation are
sick headaches, biliousness, sallow
skin, waste matter in the intestinal
»y*tem. Correct this health-under
tmmng condition by taking Dr. King'*
Pills. 25 cents. All druroists.
TV PROMPT! WONT GRIPE
Dr. King's Pills
**°"T b»eh without queatloo
\|lf HUMT-l OUAKANTKBD
*wHr*.ll?^ IN disease remedies
t // trMtiwni of Itch, Bctcma,
S! 7" SoWbr.ll reliable drucrfate.
A. B. Rlcharda Medicine Co. Sherman. Teus
Travel by Sea
Norfolk to
BOSTON Wed. Sat. 4:00 P. 1£
BALTIMORE Hog, Thur. 4:00 P. 1L
Meale and Berth included on Steamer.
Through tickets from principal points.
Merchants & Miners Trans. Cc,
A. E. Porter, O. A., Norfolk
Health-Rest-Economy
bjot farmlntf section in Marlon County. T\or
»«a. iMt crop sold for more than price of
pleo Kaay Urm. H. T. Hail. Lowell. Fie.
W. N. U„ CHARLOTTE. NO. 60-19t1.