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"When Interest Is Lacking Good-Will Will Soor Vacillate and Flag" 'By PAUIT BCOTT MOWRER, In "Onr Foreign Affair*.'* |7T IS our duty and our interest to accept frankly that/place of. pre- II eminence in the world to which circumstances and our own gather- JL ' n ? energies have led us. Strong in our traditional policies, neithei cringing nor bullying, neither meddling nor standing aloof, let m look to our interests wherever we may find them, and co-operate, as inter est and good-will may dictate, with other peoples for the better ordering and more solid organization of that larger world in which we live. Policies whose foundations are sunk, not in the firm rock of national interest but in such ideologies as prejudice y unjustified fear, sentimental affections or hatreds, the spirit of reform or crusade, the sense of moral superiority, Are built upon quicksand. 'lt is a maxim founded on th« unhersal experience of mankind," wrote Washington to congress, "that no nation is to be trusted further than it is bound by its own interest, and no prudent statesman or politician will venture to depart from it." This is to say that, while sentiment is fickle, and betrays, interest is a true and faithful counselor; that nations which act upon interest are sure" of them selves and may be depended upon by others, whereas nations acting upon sentiment are of a changing mind, hvd to understand and harder still to co-operate with. . . : Where interest is lacking, good-will will soon vacillate and flag; and without good-will no covenant is worth the parch ment it is printed on, for the signatories will always find side doors ouj of their engagements, and will convince themselves that, in escaping so, their action has been wholly just and right. He who endeavors, therefore, to set up internationalism on pillars of ideology does the cause of peace and understanding among nations a grept disservice, for his effort will be more likely to embitter than to reconcile: The true internationalist is he who is ever making analyses in terms of national interest, and who searches to discover those points, ever more numerous in our modern world, at which the diverse interests of diverse peoples converge. . t '■ Elephants Have No Enemy but Man; Are at Peace Among Themselves By CARL E. AKELEY, in "In Brightest Africa." But although the elephant is a terrible fighter in his own defense when attacked by man, that is not his chief characteristic. The things that stick in my miqd are his sagacity, his versatility and a certain com radeship which I have never noticed to the same degree in other animals. I like to think of the picture of the two old bulls helping along their comrade wounded by Major Harrison's gun; to thinlc of several instances I have seen of a phenomenon, which I am sure is not accidental, when the young and husky elephants formed the outer ring of a group projecting the older ones from the scented danger. I like to think back to the day 1 I saw the group of baby elephants playing with a great ball of baked dirt two and a half feet in diameter which, in their playing, they rolled for more than half a mile, and the playfulness with which this same group teased the babies of a herd of buffalo until the cow buffaloes chased them off. r I think, too, of the extraordinary fact that I have never heard or seen African elephants fighting each other. They have no enemy but man and are at peace among themselves. Lenin, Scoffing at All Honesty in Politics, Honest With Himself By VICTOR CHEVNOY, in Foreign Affairs. Lenin was a great man. He was not merely the greatest man in his party; he was its uncrowned king, and deservedly. He was its head, its will, I should even say he was its heart were it not that both the man and the party implied in themselves heartlessness as a duty. Lenin's intellect was energetic but cold. It was, above all, an ironic, sarcastic and cynical intellect. , * Nothing tcf him was worse than sentimentality, a name he was ready to apply to all moral and ethical considerations in politics. Such things were to him trifles, hypocrisy, "persons' talk." Politics to him meant strategy, pure ind simple. Victory was the only commandment to ob serve; the will to rule and to carry through a political program without compromise, that was the only virtue; hesitation, that was the only crime. Lenin's conscience consisted in putting himself outside the boun daries of human conscience in all dealings with his foes; and in thus re . jecting all principles of honesty he remained honest with himself. Statement of Policy of A. T. and T. Company in Radio Broadcasting' By PRESIDENT H. B. THAYER, A. T. and T. Company. V ». 1 1 In view of the considerable amount of misunderstanding and mis representation of the broadcasting situation, the American Telephone and Telegraph company makes this statement: That the American company has not attempted and does not 1 desire a monopoly of broadcasting. That all broadcasting stations must and should operate under regul* tion and permits from the government. That the American company's policy is to grant rights under its pafc ents for reasonable compensation to all broadcasting stations having proper federal permission. That the American company's suit is brought solely for the purpose oj( protecting its patents from infringement. That any broadcasting station now infringing the American com pany's patents can acquire a 1" qL the patents upon rea sonable terms. 1 Not Fair to the Children to Neglect Them as They Are Neglected By PATRICK CARDINAL HAYES, Archbishop of New York. The. very fact that the situation is being recognized so clearly is cause for congratulation. But there is no time to be lost Whatever one's re ligious views may be, all must agree that it-is not fair to the children to neglect thfem as they are being neglected today. That it is not fair to so ciety at large is also true, but my heart aches for the little ones. They need God in their young Ijves. They need spiritual guidance. They need to be delivered from the aimilessneas and boredom, to say nothing of the more scute of the godless life. Socially, also, this involves much more than the problem of crime. Even without the murders and atrocitie# which have so shocked us lately, there would still be an urgent >°ci*l need ' ' i $ i ' i |i ■' I—Bcene during million-dollar Are In New York harbor In which several ships were destroyed. 2—Senators and representatives taking lessons on how to keep fit from Bernurr iiucFadden. 3—Orvllle Wright, inventor of the airplane, receiving ftom G. A. E Dumont, military attache of the French euabussy, the medal of the Legion of Honor. • _ NEWS REVIEW OF CURRENT EVENTS AJ Smith Jumps to Fore ur Race for Nomination by the Democrats. By EDWARD W. PICKARD PRESIDENT COOLIDGE'S nomlna * t'on by the Republicans In the Cleveland convention being conceded, 1 as It must be, the country Is turning Its political attention mainly to the race among the Democratic aspirants. Who of that numerous company has the best of It depends on where your news comes from. In New York it is Al Smith, In Indiana It is. Senator Ralston, In the southeast It may be* Senator Underwood, and so It goes. The death of Charles F. Murphy, chief of Tammany, was thought at first to be a blow to Smith's chances for the sachem was managing the governor's campaign. Bat last week the Smith cohorts in New York went forward with a rush and placed their candidate in the strategic position. Oieorge Brennan of Chicago, leader of the Illi nois Democracy, was there and was balled as the man to succeed Murphy ae the national boss of the party, and while be did not come out openly as leader of the Smith forces, It became evident that he would be tlie director of tbelr tactics. The governor an nounced that Franklin D. Roosevelt had been selected as chairman of his campaign committee, which Includes representatives of all states. Mr. Roosevelt was assistant secretary of the navy In the Wilson administration and candidate for the vice presidency four years ago. He was always known as an anti-Tammany man, so his selec tion may take from the Bmith candi dacy what sections remote from New York might regard as the curse of Tammany favor. Of course tlie supporters of all other Democratic candidates continue to assert that Smith's nomination, or his election. Is impossible because be 1* a Roman Catholic and because he is an open advocate of the legalizing of light wines and beer. His friends in sist that the South will vote for him as for any Democratic nominee, de spite the great strength ef the Ku Klux Klan down there. Some other politicians are not so sure of this; and they call attention to the apparent growth of the Klan elsewhere, too. Only a few nights ago tt held a meet ing on Long Island which was attended by many thousands an\) 900 new mem bers were InltiatM. Indiana Democrats aw, perhaps pre maturely. poshing Senator Samuel Ralston toward the front as' the log ical choice of the New York.conven tion. As one correspondent puts It: "The home-grown Democrats of In diana say Ralston Is well liked by both wets and drys, by conservatives and progressives, by Kluxers end antl- Kluxers, by capital and labor. No hatreds are focalized on him. Besides, Indiana and Ohio may be the key to ; the strategy In the western campaign this year, and Ralston If the one cen- 1 trallzed candidate." Chlcagoaons who went to New York I for the funeral pt Murphy returned ,i with the Impression tlmt their favorite | son, Mayor Dever, really has a chance i to win the nomination for the prest- I dency. Stranger things have hap- I pened In national conventions. New Jerseyltes believe Governor flllser Is • the man of destiny, and it Is said Bren- 1 nan has him on bis list of possibilities. I Massachusetts and Missouri i " having .added their delegates to t the Coolldge column, William M. But ler, the President's Rational campaign ' manager, announced that Mr. Cool ldge now has a total of 825 pledged delegates. Only 886 are needed to in- t sure nomination. The Republican ex- 1 ecutlve committee, la session In CI eve- « lend, selected Theodore E. Burton of « Ohio, representative and former sen- li ator. as temporary chairman of the »i convention, be being Mr. OnolMge's t choice. The temporary organisation I for the big meeting was completed by b the committee. There was a lot of * talk among Republicans last week r and mis- THE ALAMANCE GLEANER, GRAHAM, N.C. vice presidency. He has Just returned from Europe, and the added fame he gained by his fine work as head of the reparations expert committee makes him a strong party asset. His only comment was that he had no inten tion of going, into politics! j. VV. M. Butler, It Is announced, will Succeed Mr. Adams as chairman of the national committee after the con vention. to the Ohio primaries Coolldge beat H-Tam Johnson about 6 to 1, 'and in the landslide Harry M. Daugherty was carried to victory as a delegate at large. He was last In the Coolldge list of seven,' but ran far ahead of the leading Johnson candidate. I. X/fUSCLE SHOALS was a leading g topic of the week, the bearings r held by the senate agricultural com g mlttee developing some Interesting fea- r * tures. First of these was a telegram B - sent October 12 last by James Martin Miller, who claims to liave been a Washington representative of Ford, to t Ernest Llebold, Ford's confidential B secretary. It read: "In private lnter -9 view had with President Coolldge tbls , morning he said Incidentally: 'I am I friendly to Mr. Ford, but wish some , one would convey to him It Is my hope , that Mr. Ford will not do or say any . thing that will make It difficult for me , to deliver Muscle Shoals to hlm.twhlch j I am trying to do.' While President I didn't say so, am sure Week%has been r consultation with President this morn ( lng In view Mr. Ford's, reported lnter ., view today's papers." President Coolldge, from whom a t denial was unnecessary, promptly Is , sued a statement reiterating his posl , tion concerning Muscle Shoals, quot ing from his message on the subject, > and added: "I have never said I was i trying to deliver Muscle Shoals to Mr. ■ Ford or to anyone else. I do not i think his favor Is for sale. I wanted . him to have his proposal fairly con . eldered, Just as I wanted any other > proposals fairly considered." Mr. Lle [ bold denied that Miller was an em ployee of Ford. Miller said bis tele I gram quoted the President correctly. . The most generous conclusion Is that . Miller's memory failed him. , Governor Plnchot of Pennsylvania i pointed out to the committee Jokers In ; the Ford bid for Muscle Shoals which, . bwsald, would enable the automobile ! manufacturer to "hamstring" the en . tire South, industrially and agricul turally. Then appeared MaJ. E. B. Stahlman, publisher of the Nashville Banner, who urged the committee to "Just give Henry whatever be wants; he will do the right thing." He was backed np In this by bis counsel, W. B. Waldo, but right there Senator Nor rls of Nebraska, chairman of the com mittee, broke loose Part of what bq, said to Mr. Waldo waa: "You're a Ford man, coming here In the gnlse of disinterested counsel of an Improvement association. The min utes of your society show it organised Just to boost Ford. Now answer this: Why is It you Ford people are always prating about the great things Ford will do, but when some one wants to amend the bill to specify those things, you refuse? Why Is It that Ford peo ple In congress are controlled by such as you. Just aa a mother ben controls her chicks? "Why do you misrepresent every thing to your people with the thou . sands of dollars you spend In pro-Ford propagsnda? Why do you make It appear to be a fight Ford I trusts, when it Isn't, when the great*.. . trust of all would be the Ford power I trust If he's given Muscle Shoals? » "I wouldn't vote for Muscle Shoals for Ford If every voter in my state told me to, for I think morb of the country's welfare than I do of my own reelection to office—and that's more than seme pro-Ford senators can say." THOUGH the senate Investigations in Washington have become a good deal of a bote, some jnentlon must be nude of them In a review of the week. Brookhatfs committee dipped Into • "scandal" concerning the conviction and pardon of a Chlcagoan who vio lated the prohibition Uw, and * Mfr her of witnesses were subpoenaed to tell more about tt These Included Keneaaw WL LnndU. who was en-fee bench at the time and whose testimony wan expected to be lively. The com- i mlttee also beard considerable talk I about failure or delay by the federal i In proßecutlng lumber manufacturers and the International Harvester com pany under the anti-trust statutes. Senator Walsh and his Teapot Dome committee dfdn't seem to, be doing much, but the special grand Jury be gan its work of Investigating criminal charges growing out of the oil Inquiry. Former Secretary of the Navy Daniels was the tlrst witness. ■ *HE senate made considerable head -1 way with the tax bill, and at this writing the principal parts of It to be decided on are the normal and surtax rates, over which the biggest light la being waged. Senator Simmons of North Carolina proposed, as a substi tute for the Mellon plan, a schedule catling for reduction of the maximum surtax rate to 40 per eent and for a 50 per cent cut in the normal taxes on Incomes below SB,OOO. The Democratic senators In conference formally ap proved of this schedule. T ABT winter's maneuvers of the American fleet demonstrated seem ingly that It Is far below the ratio provided by the Washington confer ence treaties, according to the report made by Admiral Coonts, Its com mander. The two main lessons learned were that the fleet Is unable to maneuver aa a unit at a speed of even ten knots, because of the, slowness of the auxiliary vessels, and that the sub marines completely failed to function for fleet work. The admiral makes many recommendations designed to remedy conditions, these Including con struction erf airplane carriers, subma rine and destroyer tenders, new cruis ers, modern submarines, destroyer squadron leaders and airplanes for use with the fleet. The report also ad vises that eight bt the older battleships be modernised, Including an Increase In the elevation of the turret guns on these and several other ships, to re duce the disparity In range that now exists between our fleet and those of Japan and Great Britain. WARREN T. M'CRAT last week lost his position M governor of Indiana and bis liberty for a decade. Convicted of using the nulla la a scheme to defraud, be was sentenced by Federal Judge Anderson to ten years In the penitentiary at Atlanta and to pay a fine of 110,000. The Judge' In pronouncing sentence ar raigned the culprit scathingly, declar ing that If McCray "lived to be as old as Methuselah, I could not mete out enough punishment." McCray within a few hours was on Ms way to bis celL TERRIFIC storms that reached the proportions of tornadoes swept across the Southern states last Wednesday, kllHng 113 persons, Injur lng a thousand others and doing vast property damage. In South Carolina the dead numbered 66, In Georgia 18 and In Alabama 11. The American Red Cross Instantly went to the relief of the sufferers and was aided by many other organizational \ AFTER being delayed for days at Chlgnlk, Alaska, by storms, Major Martin, commander of the worid-dr cling squadron, left Wednesday to re join his comrades at Dutch Harbor, but up to tlie time of writing this be bad not been beard from, and It was feared be had come ta grief in a new storm. Fishing boats were ■■rrhing I "long the route for his plan*. EFFORTS of the United States to bring peace to Honduras are bear-' lng fruit The Central American gov ernments united In a conference which baa agreed that Gen. Vicente Tosta shall be provisional president of Hon duras pending the holding of pew elec tions. Meanwhile one taction of Hon durans has captured Tegucigalpa, the capital, after twelve hoars of bloody fighting. GREAT BRITAIN, Belgium, Italy, Japan and Yugoslavia have ac cepted the Dawes report on Germany, but Franc* Mill Is Jockeying for alter ntlons. However, the prospects are bright if Oermasy makes a prompt start to carry oat Its provisions. Pr»- tnler Thennls and Foreign MM»ft»r Hymans of Belgium are io Englsnd discussing the matter with Prime Min ister Mac Donald. American bankers stand ready ta furnish half H tbe BIG ROAD SHOW OPENS JUKE 3RD. PLANS PRACTICALLY COMPLETE FOR UNPRECEDENTED EVENT IN NORTH CAROLINA. f Raleigh. Plans for the "180,000,000 shirt sleeve road show" which opens In Rallegto June 3rd; with a breakfast to the Latin-American displomatlc corps and engineering representatives, the Governors of eleven 'Southern States and three members of President Cool idge's Cabinet will be completed In de tail with the visit of Frank Page, State Highway Commissioner, to Washington and New York where he goes to confer with officials of the Pan-American Union. The North Carolina end of the plans have already been completed, down to the reservation of hotel accommoda tions for the more than 3,000 invited guests, together with arrangements for the entertainment of several thou sand others who will be numbered among the exhibitors of road building machinery and equipment at the cen tral exhibition to be staged in the fair grounds at Greensboro during the week of the mobile exhibition. Construction projects which have been designated to demonstrate to the South American engineers and diplo mats the processes of road construc tion and maintenance of every type are being put Into shape with modern machinery assembled on every job. Interpreters with engineering exper ience have been retained to make smooth the ways of communication be tween the hosts and the Latin TAmeri can guests, even to an address of wel come in Spanish and another In Portu gese at the breakfast here. Orders Lower Qas Rates. Reductions and adjustments in gas rates effecting every gas producing company in tile State, and ranging from 5 per cent to 16 per cent were directed to go into effect in an order handed down by the State Corporation. Plat rates in cities of the Raleigh class are reduced from $1.95 per thousand feet to $ 1.86 for the first five thousand feet consumed. Under a sliding scale effective in units of five thousand feet more sub stantial reductions are made that will affect larger consumers of gas. For the household user, consuming less than five thousand feet, the reductions are relatively small, amounting to an average of less than 5 per cent In a monthly minimum charge of $1.60 la retained in all cases. The commission has bad the mat djzen cities throughout the State. The tre under consideration for several weeks, and has been In conference with officials of the companies involv ed in the order. The Initiative was taken by the commission several months ago, and after Investigation of conditions in the business, it was de termined to order some reductions in all cities where gas Is produced and sold to the public. "Recent conferences with the rep resentatlves of gas companies' bav« resulted In some reductions, anil while the downward adjustments we havs been able to make at this time are not in all respects what the commission would like to do under more favorable circumstances, they constitute a sub stantial step In'that direction," the or der declares. Compared with the peak rates al lowed by the commission In 1920 the rates ordered Into effect constitute a considerable reduction. Cities of the Raleigh class were then put on a rate pf $2.36, which a year later was re reduced to $1.96 and today the rate Is reduced to $1.86. Thata ratio of de crease Is effective in most cities throughout the State. PVsrferal Worker Comes to State, Three counties, Guilford, Pitt, and Vance, have been selected by Mrs. Kate Burr Johnson, Commissioner of Public Welfare of North Carolina, as those whose public welfare work Is to he studied by Miss Ida Curry, repres entative of the Children's Bureau of the United States Department of La bor, according to an announcement made at the office of the commission er. Miss Curry, it was stated, will come to this State about May 20 to gather Information for the Bureau on the eucceaa of North Carolina's county system of public welfare. The Children's Bureau place to is sne a publication on the actual results of county organisation for child car* and "protection, and has choien North Carolina and Mlnneaota as the two State* In which to gather the Informa tion It waa explained, as the county system Is said to be in moat success ful operation In these two Common wealths. There Is at present a great demand for such Information from other Btates, according to the bureau. Saptlete Reelpte Show Big Increase. Contributions for benevolent pur poses by North Carolina Baptists for the first four months of 1923 amount sd to $403,000, nearly SIOO,OOO In ex cess of the amount for the same period last year, according to figures an nounced by cashier Robert Lee Middle ton after the cloelng of the books tot the fiscal year of the Sonthern Baptist convention, ifhlch will meet at AU»*. to, Oa., on Tueaday, May 14. Contrt- ' SZTSh iMfc^n enroll now for the sjriqgtlH!^ Ganuina Imp roved Nancy Mall u4 Porto Rico Potato Plants Oorernmant-lnepectad and ofcemlcally treat •4, from a *ery proline variety. producing (oar hundred thirty-three buahela par acre laat year. Plant, crown from No. 1 potatoea from thla eeleotton at ll»l par thousand. Other plant* of nine variety No. t potatoea. I'll par thouaand. Order, nan be Oiled day received In many ports of Mexico hot springs and cold springs are found aide bj aide. One can see native women boil ing clofhea In a hot spring, rubbing them on a flat rock, and rinsing them In a dear cold spring. A visitor watched thla process for - some time and then said: "I • suppose the natives think old Mother Nature la pretty generous, ' JHhere la ranch grumbling because aheNpppllee no soap." Diplomatic Coartimr Once during the time of Suleiman the Magnificent, his son visited Adrla nople and the ambaasadora from the courts of Europe and Asia came to pay their reapecta. The laat diplomat ic representative to arrive In v the city was the Persian, who waa astonished and angered by the fact that the Eu ropeans took off their bats to him. It Is a serious breach of etiquette for a Mohammedan to uncover hla head In public, so he demanded an explanation. The master of ceremonies poured oil on the troubled waters by telling him the Christiana thereby Indicated their willingness to lay their heads at the feet of the Persian ruler.— National Geographic Magaxlne. hone And it I tiilphur bathfc I ******* |g «H ye
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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May 8, 1924, edition 1
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