V *V Age, there wu an
fj II "■ I W all-night debate In
Tr nudsoiv Dd
. M bate Minister Ora
yr I I -' ham reminded the
/ \ I M _ I house that he hlm
/ \ llr ■ ITf * elf Blgned the flrßt
/ \ l\(lllll Mm II I contract and turned
By JOHN DICKINSON SHERMAN
IIALL Canada materialize
Its dream of a generation
and complete the Hudson
I Bay railway a road
planned to connect Its
■ great western grain fields
with salt water at Port
" Nelson and open a new
grain extrart route to Liv
erpool?
That Is a question that Is stirring
all Canada, setting the West against
the East and provoking all-night de
bates In parliament.
There Is seemingly no doubt at this
writing than the road will be com
pleted—ln time. But whether It will
be completed \n a grille export route
( ~or as a colonization and general car
rier road Is apparently an open ques
tion.
The Hudson Bay railway starts at
The Pas, Manitoba, on the Saskatche
wan river, at the end of a branch line
of the former Canadlnn Northern rail
way, and runs to Hudson bay, north
east, almost as the crow (Ilea, along
the Nelvon river, to Port Nelson, near
the mouth of that stream. The length
of the line Is 425 miles; 325 have been
constructed to Kettle Rapids at a coat
of $20,500,000. The estimated coat of
the remaining 100 mllea la $5,000,000.
Take a look at the map of North
America. Note that Port Nelson, on
the west shore of Hudson bay, la al
moat due north of Chicago, and that
The Pas Is almost due north of Omaha.
Now note the distance from The Paa
(or Winnipeg) to Mnntreal, either by
all rail or via Lake Superior and
Georgian bay. In round flgurea the
aavlng In mileage by the Hudaon Bay
road In respect to certain polnta Is as
foUowa: Reglna, 1,050 miles; Calgary,
1.100; Saskatoon. 1,175; Prince Albert
and Mel fort. 1,300. Then figure that
Port Neiaon and Montreal are prac
tically the aame dlatance by aea from
Liverpool—3,ooo mllea. And Anally
bear In mind that the Hudaon Bay
road la a government project. It Is a
part of the Canadian National rail
ways—a system of 22,000 mllea which
the World war left on the handa of the
Canadian people. It waa rushed dur
ing the early yeara of the war, but
work waa discontinued In 1917.
Why. then, should there be any
question about the completion of the
new export route project?
That there la a queatlon la shown
by two.facts: The Engineering Insti
tute of Canada Is Investigating
whether or not the project can be
made worth while as a measure of na
tional economy. Moreover, the house
of cocirnoos has refused to make ap
propriation for Ita completion.
The terminal for transshipment to
vessels will have to be built 20 mllea
up the Neiaon river, aay the englneera.
Another Universe
Harvard observatory reports not
only the discovery but also the meas
urement of the most distant object
yet seen by man. It la another uni
verse, bat smaller than ours. This
faint and nameieas collection of worlds
Is In the constellation of the Archer
and 1s rix qulntlllion miles distant
fmai our globe. It takes a million
years for light to travol from there
te the earth. The new universe ap
That la because of Ice troubles and
ahoal water. The moat optimistic esti
mates of terminal costs of construction
are: about $4,900,000 for harbor and
chunnel dredging; nearly (6,000,000
for storage facilities; about $7,000,000
for lighthouses and other marine
equipment along the channel and In
Hudson strait connecting the bay with
t"he ocean; total, Including the 100
miles of road, $22,500,000.
The longest open season that can
be expected la fifteen weeks, begin
ning about thd middle of August; In
some years It has been no more than
ten weeks. This short season, suggest
the engineers, will so place limitations
on the capuclty of the railway that
large elevator capacity will have to
be provided at the port. They also
suggest that It will so affect the avail
ability of tramp vessels that freight
rates must remain largely conjectural.
W. Nelson Smith, In a discussion be
fore the Winnipeg branch of the in
stitute, aald that a liberal estimate of
the grain that would move by this
outlet la from 10,000,000 to 24,000,000
bushels, lie put the most favorable
conjectural transportation saving at
about ten rents a bushel, disregarding
Insurance.
Incidentally, It may be stated that
In 1922 Canada's exports of wheat
(Including flour) were 178,000,000 bush
els and the total exports of wheat,
oats, barley and rye were 232,808,000
bushels.
According to the Railway Age, a
hitherto unpublished report on the
feasibility of completing the Hudson
Bay road project by David \V. Mac-
Lachlan. engineer In charge of dredg
ing operatlona at Port Nelson, waa
tabled in the house of commons at
Ottawa in June. Thla report waa sub
mitted to the department of railwaya
and canals In September, 1917. Mac-
Lachlan estimated the average aeaaon
of navigation at two montha; the rate
on grain from Baskatoon to Liverpool
via Fort William and Montreal at 20.4
cents a bushel and the rate from Sas
katoon to Fort Nelson. Including- han
dling charges, at 19.9 centa. thua leav
ing a margin of f1.5 centa for the ocean
rate, extra inaurance and the inter
eat on the cost of the works. He aald
the average rate paid tramp steamer*
from Montreal to Liverpool waa 7 centa
and that they would Inevitably choose
the Montreal route unleaa there waa
a higher margin at Port Nelson.
W. D. Euler, Liberal member for
North Waterloo, asked If there
report a- subsequent to that of Mao
Lachlan. Mr. Graham, mtnlater of
railwaya and canals, replied that there
were and that they would be aubmlt
ted when asked for. * Loud applause
from the Progressives greeted thla
statement.
In July, according to fhe Railway
peari as a pin-head of light In the
largest telescopes. It was first dis
covered by the late Prof. E. E. Bar
bard but was photographed Just re
cently. Heretofore the ruost distant
stars were supposed to be only 230,-
000 light years away.
China Losing Antiques
Real antiques and curios will be a),
most unknown Ut China In • few years,
according to collectors and dealers who
have returned from the Orient recent
ly. China, they declare, la being rabid
prepared to vote money for the com
pletion of the Hudson Bay railway.
The vote was 78 to 20 against. The
government treated It virtually as a
want of confidence vote, so it was
probably not a test vote, as some of
the Progressives voted with the Lib
erals and Conaervatlvea.
This la, however, far from being
the end of the master. Western Pro
gressive members are strong for the
early completion of the project. It
has been the dream of Western Can
ada ever since It found It could raise
grain.
It should be noted that another road
to Hudson bay is being bull?. It is
an extension from Cochrane north to
James bay of the Temlskamlng A
Northern Ontario railway, owned by
the province of Ontario. Its purposes
have to do with colonization, fisheries
and coal from the northwest shore of
Hudson bay.
To the student of American history
this Hudson Bay grain export route
project la of Intense Interest Port
Nelson and the Nelson river were the
headquarters and trade highway of the
Hudson's Bay company—chartered In
1670 by King Charles II of England
sad the biggest and moat
monopoly the world has ever seen.
With power of life and death and
monopoly of trade over all of Brltlah
North America to the Rockies It suc
cessfully barred the way to civilisation
for 160 years. H. B. C.—translated
by Its enemies, "Here Before Christ"—
waa on its flag and the missionary and
teacher were anathema. Pro pelle
cutem—-"skin for skin"—waa the motto
on Ita great seal and it took the fur
from the Indian and skinned him In
the trade, reducing him to slavery.
Not even a post fsctor was allowed
to make a garden, lest he give the He
to the "Inhospltsble wilderness." The
"free-trader" In furs waa killed off.
It Ignored the exploring obligations of
Its chsrter. set up trading posts and
made the Indian come to them. It
plied up enormoua profits In secret
and successfully withstood Investiga
tion. Forced to let go its grip after
200 yesrs by the British government.
It Is now selling Its "fertile landa"
and running a chain of department
stores In thriving dtles—and making
more money than ever.
Had the H. B. C. explored "Rupert's
Land" and opened It to colonisation
qnd settlement, the history of the
North American continent would have
been tmK °' lDg -
Alaska would not be ours. The Bng
llsh instead of the Ruaalana would
have found It—and kept It For an
other, the settlement of the Missis
sippi valley wott)d have been Brltlah
instead of French—with poasibllltlea
and conjectural consequences beyond
our Imagining.
ly stripped bare of antiques by tourists
nd collectors.
So few real curios are left In the
ountry now, comparatively speaking,
thst the Chinese are endeavoring to
emulate Jhe Japaneae In turning oat
Imitations, but so far they hare not
been able to equal the work of their
neighbors. Old-fashioned bronseware
and Inlaid porcelain are particularly
scarce now, and one well known col
lector declared that practically the
only Japaneae prints available are. Imi
tations.
THE ALAMANCE GLEANER, GRAHAM, N. C.
HOW TO KEEP
WELL
Dr. Frederick k. Green,
Editor of "Health."
((£>. 4124. Western Newspaper Union, i
WIPING OUT MALARIA BY
DESTROYING MOSQUITOES
r pHK mosquito Is the only Insect
which carries malaria.
It cafl not be gotten by "night air,"
the use of stagnant water, living or
sleeping In damp or shady houses, or
living with another malaria patient.
Hut mosquitoes are found wherever
rlipre are stagnant pools for breeding
places and damp and shady spots for
(hem to live in during the daytime.
In early times. It was noticed that
mnliirla often developed in new coun
tries. »?lth the breaking up of the soil,
anil disappeared after the land was
drained and sett>4. This was because
breaking up, the aoll caused depres
sions and hbllow places in which wa
ter collected. I.ater .«n, as the ground
was . drained, the misqultoes disap
peared. because their breeding-places
"pre destroyed.
The female mosquito lays her ejtgs,
froth 40 to 200 at a time. In stagnant
pools; on the margins of ponds and
fresh-water lakes; In roadside dltchea
and ruts; even In. tin cans and broken
bottles.
The eggs Jiatch In two or three days
und the young females soon begin to
lay eitgs. so that If breeding-places are
present, they Increase in enormous
quantities.
However much of a nuisance they
may be, mosquitoes are harmless un
til they have bitten a malarial patient,
so that the disease can be prevenied
either by destroying the breeding
places of mosquitoes or bj protecting
all malarial patients from mosquitoes
by the use of mosquito nets and
screens. »
If both of these methods could be
followed with complete success, ma
luria would entirely disappear, Just as
yellow fever is now rapidly disappear
ing from the earth.
The breeding of mosquitoes can be
prevented by drklnlng all stagnant
pools of water and destroying all pos
sible breeding-places. If these swamps
or pools cannot be drained, crude oil
Is put Into the water. This forms a
coating on the top of the water and
when the mosquito larvae come up to
breathe, they are unable to penetrate
this film and die from suffocation.
Mosquito control was first devel-'
oped on a large scale by General Gor
gas In the Canal Zone. In 190Q, when
Corgas went to Panama, there were
nearly 22,000 cases of malaria among
the 20,000 employees working on the
canal. Today there Is practically no
innlarla In the Canal Zone. Wiping
out malaria In cost the gov
ernment $3.50 a year per person, les*
than 1 cent a day—about the cost of
a stick of gum.
State boards of health have worked
out methods for malaria control, es
pecially In our Southern states, so
that any community can be free from
malaria at a very slight expense.
If you have malaria In your family
or your community. It's your own fault
Get busy and stop It.
IF YOU HAVE TUBERCU
LOSIS, STAY HOME
of the common beliefs about
tuberculosis Is that climate is of
if rest Importance In Its treatment As
soon ns a person discovers that be has
tuberculosis, his friends and relatives
at once begin to plan to send him to
California, Colorado. Arizona, Florida,
the White mountains, or the Adlrcn
dncks. • ,
This Is not surprising when we re
member that for many years doctors
held the same opinion. A hundred
years ago. when a young man went
Into N "decline," It was customary for
the attending physician to order a
long sea voyage. Sometimes the man
came home well. Sometimes be nevsr
came back. When the cause of tuber
culosis was first recognised, about for
ty years ago. It was common for doc
tors to send their consumptive patients
to California or Colorade. Later on.
New Mexico and Arisona became pop
ular resorts for consumptives.
Many of these unfortunates hsvs lit
tle money, most of which Is spent to
take them te the place where tbsy
vainly hope to regain their health.
Homesick, Ul, unable to get the cars
sod the comforts they need, they die
far away from their loved ones, or re
turn. exhausted, to die In a few weeks
or months.
We know now thst tuberculosis Is
not s disease of any one locality or
climate. As It occurs anywhere, so It
csn be cured anywhere. A mild ell*
mute Is not necessary. Cold air la
better for consumptives than warm air.
One's chancea of getting well at hoAe
are better thnn anywhere else.
.Inst as we have learned that no
medicine will cure tuberculosis, so we
have also learned that no climate will
.-tire It.
There are four things which every
consumptive must have If he wlshee
to have s chance to recover.. These
are rest, fresh air, good care and nour
ishing food. These he can get In any
locality and tn any climate. * He can
probably get 'them better at home than
anywhere else.
If you have tuberculosis, don't spend
vour money on railroad fare. Save It
for good food and care. Sleep out
doors wherever you are and rest until
nature has overcome the effects of the
tlsuase. t
Drainage Great
Help to Gumbos
Should Be Plowed in Fall
When in Good Condition
and Easy to Work.
Soils designated by the term "gum
bo" Include those that are more or
less gummy and sticky, and they are
often poorly drained. Because they
contain a high percentage of clay, they
do not drain easily. If an attempt Is
made to work such --a soil before It 1s
In proper condition, the results are
disastrous. '
W. A. Albrecht of Missouri has
made a careful study of gumbo soils
and the most satisfactory methods of
management. He recommends drain
age as the first thing to consider. This
is best done by a combination of tile
and open ditches. The tile may be
omitted, however, If the expense ap
pears too great, for It is necessary to
lay the lines close together. The open
ditch Is made in the natural water
course and the field then plowed into
permanent lands 16 to 20 rows wide
so the dead furrow will drain into the
open ditch.
Drainage Helps.
Qralnnge helps to loosen the soil,
and after a few years Improves lta
nature considerably: Corn should be
plowed level so heavy rains can run
off rapidly. The open-ditch method Is
the one generally used on land recent
ly brought under cultivation.
The second Important consideration
In the successful management of gum
bo Is a suitable cropping system, says
Albrecht. A popular rotation for
gumbo Is corn, wheat, timothy and
clover. The corn Is cut as early a*
possible, the land disked and sowed
to wheat and timothy. Late In the
winter, when the ground Is "honey
combed*" clover seed is put on. The
wheat may be omitted and tlmotby
sown directly on the stalks, which may
be worked down after the ground Is
fipzen. Alsike may do better than red
clover. Oats are not recommended.
Corn la Favored.
Because gumbo Is considered fertile
there Is a general tendency to plant It
to corn. As a rule, however. It la bet
ter suited to grass and small grains.
Should wheat lodge badly, It will be
necessary to use corn, but ordinarily
wheat Is preferable because It can be
sown In the fall when the ground Is In
good condition. Furthermore, the fine
rooting system of wheat Improves the
noil Structure.
The third point to bear In mind with
gumbo Is cultivation. Plow In the fall
when the soil Is In good condition and
works easily. If possible, allow at
least two rains oq It before planting.
Use a surface cultivator, for it will
stay.np out of the sticky soli and form
a dust mulch that prevents the ground
from cracking. Avoid large shovel
cultivators and never work gumbo
when It Is wet. A little haste, at such
a time result* In a hard-baked soil.
Invite Suggestions for'
, Live Stock Improvement
, Suggestions for new Information
needed on live stock Improvement are
Invited by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture In a recent sum
mary of results of the "Better Slrea—
Better Stock" campaign. During the
progress of the campaign thus far the
department has obtained Information
on the cause and prevention of runty
stock, the utility value of pure breds,
the utilization of feed by good and in
ferior stock, and the meat yields of
different classes of food animals.
Plans are now under way to get ad
ditional facta and dependable esti
mates on a number of other practical
questions. It Is on this proposed
work that suggestions are especially
invited. Such Information, It is be
lieved, will greatly advance the work
of live stock Improvement Communi
cations should be addressed to the bu
reau of animal industry, United States
Department of Agriculture, Washing
ton, D. C.
Alfalfa Is Valuable,
I Alfalfa Is valuable for dairy cows
and growing stock on account of Its
high protein content and Its richness
in mineral matter. For wintering
brood sows it is also desirable. A ma
ture brood sow that receives one pound
of corn per dap per 100 pounds live
weight and all the alfalfa hay ahe will
eat out of a rack will produce a strong
litter of pigs. A gilt ahould receive a
little more corn—at least one and one
quarter pounds »*r day per 100 pounds
live weight
Cleaning Dairy Utensils
A good method of cleaning oat the
dairy palls and cans at frequent Inter
vals, to kill all bacteria and Increase
the price of cream, la to nse a tittle
lye in the water. The amount Is two
tablespoonfula of lye to a gallon of
water. The unites with the grease
and butterfat forming a soft soap
which dissolves readily. This elimi
nates sourness and makes the palls
come dean and bright with little rub
bing.
Frogs and Toads
Frogs and toada are enlttled to our
protection on account of the good they
do In deatroylng vast numbers of In
sects and worms. The toads do this
In the garbeoa and the frogs In
marahy places, where the air, on ac
count of fllea and other Insects, would
be almoet unfit to breaths without the
services they render. Tb» department
of Agrtcvlture eetlmatee the valoe at
fit toad to be (20 a year.
Central Depot for
Return Truck Loads
Of Great Benefit to Both
Farmers and Truckers.
(fnpint by the Unltad States Department
of Agricnitun.)
Investigations by the bureau of pub
lic roads of the United States De
partment of Agriculture Indicate that
a central depot or warehouse where
trucks delivering farm products to
cities may secure return loads Is of
great benefit to both farmers and
truckers.
A large number at trucks enter each
of our cities dally bringing milk, gar
den and other farm products. Most
of them return empty, so that half of
the mileage traveled Is without profit
Many have attempted to secure re
turn loads by giving and
going to various points abouT the city
to collect shipments. In some cases
this has proved worth while, but In
others It has been abandoned, as the
profits did not Justify the time and
expense.
In the city of Baltimore a number
of motortruck operators are main
taining jointly a central freight depot,
which, according to all of the truck
operators who make use of It, is a
great success. Any freight or mer
chandise to be delivered to farmers
In the surrounding' territory may be
delivered at this station through the
delivery system of concerns from
whlcfc purchases are made. A truck
from the country after delivering the
incoming- load calls for the freight
consigned to points along its route.
This plan does away with the hit
and-miss system of collecting mer
chandise all over the city from many
different business and manufacturing
concerns. One operator who has kept
a record of his expenses and profits
has found that his truck earned in one
year a net profit of $2,362, of which
fully 68 per cent was due to return
load earnings.
Preparation of Seedbed
Has Important Bearing
The preparation of the seedbed has
an Important bearing on the control
of the Hessian fly, as well as on the
yield of wheat Since infestation In
the fall wheat comes mainly from
two sources—stubble of previous crops
and volunteer wheat—lt Is imperative
that these sources be eliminated. This
ean be done (where wheat is not used
as a nurse crop for clover) by plowing
the land soon after harvest to a depth
of about six Inches. Care should be
taken to turn the stubble under at
least three' Inches of soli. The com
bined rolling coulter and Jointer has
been found very efficient in the cover
ing of stubbie, weeds, volunteer wheat
and trash.
If it IS not possible to plow soon
after harvest the land should be thor
oughly disked at that time. Disking
not only conserves the moisture and
makes plowing but also starts
the growth of volunteer wheat and
this is conducive to the early emer
gence of the fly. The land should be
plowed to a depth of about six Inches
and worked down Into a good seed
bed. The soil should be kept mellow
and free from vegetation until wheat
seeding time.
— ,|
Selecting Seed Corn
In selecting corn for seed pick ears
from stalks which yield well to com
petition with others, are free from dis
ease, and hang at a height convenient
for husking, says the United States
Department of Agriculture. Droop
ing ears which shed rain readily usu
ally will give the best seed, while to
the South it is necessary to choose
ears that are well protected from In
sects by a long, tight husk covering.
Care to selecting and handling seed
will be more than repaid to increased
corn yields.
TarmHtnf/
Early-plowed land brings more
wheat |
• • •
Rotate the crops to your garden as
a preventive of diseases and Insects. .
• • •
Here Is a farm program worth to
spectlng: Pigs, cows, bens, corn and
l alfalfa.
• • •
More legumes mean more prosperity
for farmers, business men and com
munities. I
•• • i
Spray with nicotine sulphate or dust
with nicotine dust all plants infested
with plant Uce i
• • •
What shall it profit a gardenet to
raise vegetables and then let bogs snd
worms eat them up?
• • •
By lowering his Initial cost of pro
duction to whstever wsy, the farmer
usually adds to his profits.
* * *
Fire to the buildings destroys pres
ent Wealth; fire to the woods Is worse
—lt destroys present mod future
wealth. '
•• • i
Don't let the gardens grow up to
grass where diseases can be harbored
Clean Dp and burn all dead and decay*
tog plants.
• • e
Limestone does not become active
immediately so fields that are to be
pat In alfalfa next year ahoald be
limed this year, otherwlae the acidity
of the soil may damage the alfalfa
[baton It has a chases to make a start.
AFTER BUT
WAS BOSK
Back Weak and Painful
Mrs. Miller Benefited by
Taking Lydia E. Pinkham'a
Vegetable Compound
Rotan, Texas.—"l am writing to let
nm know bow I have been benefited br
.IL.im.nnmmnl ta^ng 7 OUr me 4"'
111 HI cine. After my sec- .
■jyUlll ond baby was born
my back was weak
W. ■ | , and hurt me contin-
Jl jH ualiy. sol thought! 'd
try Lydia E. Pink-
I JM ham's Vegetable
(H V|l| Compound as I bad
lIU ' LzmIII read so much about
ll||t» where it had helped
. so many women. I
had been bothered •
' I—*»*« my back for
over a year, and it would hurt me until
I could not do my work, which is keep-*
ing house for three and cooking and
washing dishes. I tell all my friends if
they have any kind of female troubles
to give Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable
Compound a trial. You may use this
testimonial if it will help any one."—-
Mrs. C. R. MILLER, R. P. D. No. 1>
Box 76, Rotan, Texas:
In a recent country-wide caiwass of
purchasers of Lydia E. Pinkham s Veg
etable Compound over 121,000 replies
were received, and 98 out of every 100
reported they were benefited by its use.
For sale by druggists everywhere.
Gout, Eczema, Hives, etc. Right to
your own home and at trifling cost
you can enjoy the benefit of healing
sulphur baths.
HANCOCK
SULPHUR COMPOUND
nature's own blood purifytng and tldn healing
remedy—SULPHUR prepared In a way to
make tt» uae moat efficacious. Use it in the
bath; uae It aa a lotion applying to affected 1
parts; and take it Internally.
60c and $1.20 th» bottU
at your druggist's. It he can't supply you,
send his name and the price In stamp* and
we will send you a bottle direct
HANCOCK LIQUID SULPHUR
COMPANY
Baltimore, MA
Hancock Sulphur Compound Oint
m/nf—joc sad 6oc—Jor uu
lit Liquid Compound
When Baby Frets
from teething, feverishness, cold, colic or
stomach and bowel irregularities there is
nothing that will give it
quicker relief than
DR. THORNTON'S
EASY TEETHER
A famous baby's specialist's prescription,
successfully used for 15 years. A sweet
powder that children like—takes the place
of castor oil. Contains no opiates or harm
ful drugs. Package, 25c, at your druggist.
If it fails to help, your money refunded.
Too Far Away
Betty, who was three and a half,
*as very much Interested In the re
modeling of the bouse across the way.
She bad heard folks talking about the
new roof which was being put on.
"What kind of a roof is it?" asked
Betty.
"Asbestos," replied grandmother.
"I can't ask Bestos. He's too far
away," said Betty in all sincerity.
The Cutloura Toilet Trio.
Having cleared your skin keep it clear
by making Cutlcura your everyday
toilet preparations. The Soap to cleanse
and purify, the Ointment to soothe and
heal, the Talcum to powder and per
fume. No toilet table Is complete
without them. —Advertisement.
Rather
"Are you fond of music?"
"Not very, but I prefer It to popular
songs."—Boston Transcript.
When a dentist hunts trouble he
goes armed to the teeth.
AswSni
Say "Bayer Aspirin"
INSIST! Unless you see the
"Bayer Cross" on tablets you
are not getting the genuine
Bayer Aspirin proved safe by
millions and prescribed by phy
sicians for 24 years.
Accept onl y a
Bayer package
which contains proven directions
Handy "Bayer" boxes of 18 tablets
, Also bottles of M sad 100—Druggists
- Tt * fr.P* tr * 4 * of Bam Um
taetara tt MoneacetteacMeeter at SaUtyMcaeM