North Carolina Newspapers

VOL. LI OLIGOCENE FOSSILS FOUND IN MONTANA American Museum Men Get Choice Specimens. New York.—Dr. Charles C. Mook and Coleman S. Williams of the American Museum of Natural History have Just returned to New York with many choice fossil specimens gathered In a three months' Investigating tour through western Montana and Idaho. Their particular object was to search for fossils of the Tertiary age and they were very successful. "Our first camp," said Doctor Mook. "was near Pipestone Springs, where we collected quite a variety of the smaller mammals of the Oligocene age. Included in this list, are the Meschippus, a small three-toed horse; Various artiodactyls, the primitive an cestors of the modern sheep and cat tle, and numerous small rodents and Insectlvores. We also found some fragmentary remains of the giants of those days; the fleet-footed hyracodon, a cursorial rhinoceros, and the enor mous Titanbthere. twice as targe as an elephant, with .a brain lets tliar, three inches in length. Important Work Done. The next stop was at Salmon, Idaho, where few fossils were found, though important work was done in determin ing the age of the' rocks In that vicin ity. In going to Salmon from Butte we took the Lemhi Pass, an old stage coach road formerly used to curry In gold-mining machinery and supplier-, but long since abandoned. In the lan two miles to the summit the road as cends 4.000 feet and was pronmiticed Impassable, but w«j made It without incident in spite of a load of nearly 3,000 pounds. "In the Madison River valley, neaf Three Forks, Mont., we secured a rep resentatlve group of the Miocene mammals. Among these were camels and rhinoceros*-*, of various kinds; merycolua, a primitive antelope? more three-toed horses, somewhat largei than their Ollgocene ancestors, and some of the smaller carnivores and marsupials. In this section we also got some good foL-sil fish and turtles of considerable size. ' "Our last camp was neat Fort Logan, In former days a famous out post agalntft the Indians. There w collected Miocene fossils, and dug our some of the beet specimens of our col lection. For the most part the\ ani mals were the same as tho.-.e in Ihr Madison valley, though much better preserved. In addition, we found some complete skulls and Jaws of Oreodon, a later though st/il primitive ancestor of the sheep. Use Touring Car. "Mr. Williams then dsove the car, down through the Yellowstone Na * :lonal park, across Wyoming and to \gnte, Neb., to have It stored with the Thomson expedition of the American museum. The trip from C«dy to Cas par, Wyo., was about 250 miles, and was accomplished In six hours." On thejr fossil hunting trip, the | museum. investigators drove a new touring car, which was taken at the Detroit factory. "The performance of the car was excellent throughout," said Mr. Wil liams. "In ail our travels over un tracked wilderness, we did not hnve the slightest mechanical trouble. Two tanks having a capacity of 30 gallons of gusollne were fitted, but apart fro;r. these and > magneto Ignition, the car was mechanically the same as any standard car. "We carried tools necessary for ex cavation, block and tackle, tents, bed ding, cots, cooking utensils, provisions for two months in the fleld, as well as several bags of flour, and quantities of plaster, cheesecloth and buriup for preserving the fossils." Home Brew of Abyssinia A great quantity of beeswax Is ex ported from Abyssinia, but the honey from which the wax Is obtained Is en tirely consumed at home. They make a drink of It called "tej." The Abys slnlan beehive is a long cylindrical bas ket which Is suspended from the trees. A little honey is placed in It in the first place and soon the bees take pos session of It and proceed to fill the basket. The honyr is squeezed from the comb and allowed to ferment In goat skin containers. R Is a h(U«S> brew, but it has all the necessary "klc^T Caged Birds "May I warn tbe owners of caged ' birds against the dangers and unlnten . tional cruelty, of exposing their pets to the inn's rays during tbe hbt weath err asks Bird Lover, a correspondent of tbe London post "Many caged bfrds suffer flpip heart trouble, a di» ease tbe presence of which msy b« . detected by a discoloration of tbe nos trils Bear the base of tbe beak. Ia such cases the hot son Is fata). Os ' sonny days birds should be kept Is the rinds between the hours oftikß * mT THE ALAMANCE (TJUEANER Preacher, *93, Clairtos He's Oldest Telegrapher Little Kock, Ark.—The distinction oS being the oldest living'telegraph op erator In the world la Claimed by Rev. Sam L., Titus of Little Rock, Ark. Mr. Titus learned telegraphy when he was fourteen yeara old, three yenre after the first message was Bent from Washington to Baltimore, May 24. 1844. He Is now ninety-three yeara of age. Mr. Titus was deeply Interested in the atory of how Dr. Samuel P. B. Morse built hto first telegraph line from Washington to Battlmore aa he worked on hla father's farm in Perrya burg, fi. Y. He wrote to Doctor Morse to send him a copy Of the Morse code nnd the boy learned the alphabet Then he desired to own an instru ment He worked all summer, aaved $2B and bought the Instrument For many months he practiced on his outfit A short time later the first tele graph line in New York state was erected across one corner of his fa ther's farm. A few years later the railroad fol lowed the telegraph and he wa9 given n to earn u living as a tele graph operator for the railroad com pnn.v. When the Civil war broke out Mr Titus enlisted In the federal army and . vns n 0 .igneii to the telegraphic serv ce. In which he served through the vnr. Locates the Pain « Vagrant achefc and pains which often afflict the stomach and are hard to identify ma; now be accurately lo cated and classified by an Instrument retembltog a miniature seismograph, the device with which earthquake tremors are recorded. The pain find er. devised fey Dr. W. C. A-tverez of the Univecglty of California, Is said to register the course of such Ills In al most any part of the abdomen and to clearly reveal every step of the diges tive processes. By the recorder, the oassage of food through the digestive tract can be closely followed, and the exact spot and instant of the setting up of any trouble definitely learned in a few minutes. The Instrument 'ailed the multiple-electro-entero :raph, Is said to obtain its data by etuis of a pendulum swung In a icuum tube and marks its records Ith a needle.—Popular Mechanics. Braille Bibles Homemade in three schools for the blind maln dned by Near East relief, there are 0 complete Braille Bibles, although ach of the schools haa a more or less omplete New Testament In the •raille of the native tongue. Most of he Braille books used In these schools ave been punched out by hand by the tudenfs'and teachers. Greek and Ara- Ic being the languages used. A Braille ereion of parts of the Book of John nade in a blind school at Athens was ■ecc-ntly on exhibition at the Near East relief headquarters In Greece. Owing to -lack of suitable material for the lurpose the students had made the ook out of pages secured by carefully •uttlng the front and hack cardboards from boxes of American breakfast 'ood. This cardboard made atr" Ideal naterlal for punching out the Braille letters, and similar books covering a wide range of subjects sre constantly used In tfee schools In Athena Narrow Escape Friends of Chllde Hassam like to tell of the time when he Just barely escaped being taken for an artist. It seems that Hassam, lu need of 1 thave, went into a barber shop In t little town in Maine not tar from a amous artist colony. "Hnir-cut?" asked the enterprising barber. "Yes, U yoa think It needs it," said lassatn; guess yon better trim It •rr « little." "Sure thing," said the barber. "You :now, you don't want to he taken for >ne of theiu artist fellers." How Painted "Light" Helps "Painting" buildings with light to an Inexpensive and effective method Invented by engineers In Fresno, Cal., says Popular Science Monthly. The walls are made etf cream-tinted terra cotta aad pressed brick, and flood lighted with colors such as sstft magenta, ruby or emerald. Hew Long Fish Lhre A Swiss naturalist Konrad Teener, has recorded the history at a pike two hundred snd slzty-Mrea years old. It had spent Ita eattre existence as a prisoner la a Ash pond Carp are kaowa to live for msny years, grow ing two or three Inches s year. Boys Outnumber Girls Mslin. Ore.—Bays outaamber the girls la the public school here, and the last graduating class waa rnrapagui entirely ef boys. Every hcur la the school but ooe has taken the -g-'r" tural caar« If the sake* GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 5,1925 H. iHllMlll'iHil HOW STATIC ELECTRICITY CAN. SET MOTOR CAR ON EIRE.— Do you ever wonder why It is that gasoline trucks huve a chain banging down to the ground when they travel along and when they stop? This is done, says the accident preven tion department of the Chicago Motor club, to get rid of static electricity, which otherwise might set fire to the tank. Static electricity In connec tion with gasoline Is a subject which should be more familiar to motorists, as an element of danger Is Involved. In proof of tbls the accident prevention de partment cites the case of u na val surgeon whose automobile was destroyed and Its owner se verely burned through the fir ing of gasgline by a spark pro duced by frlctlonal electricity. The surgeon had wnlked some distance to his garage In bis overcoat and rubber hoots. The friction of the flopping coat against the boots generated the electricity, while the rubber In sulated him from the ground and allowed his body to store it. Tbe spark therefore went 0 through the grounded automo bile, Igniting the gasoline. Another ca.e Is cited of a chauffeur who hung an ordinary live-gallon can on the Iron book of the gas pump. The gasoline had been pumped when a spark Jumped from the can to the pump and fired the gasoline. They put out the fire, and as the car was waiting to be filled they repeated the process and the gasoline caught Are agalA. How Sounds on Steel Can Now Be Recorded A man sitting In un office in Ber lin, Cape Town, or Peking may soon be able to dictate a letter that will be beard and taken down instantly by a shorthand writer in an office in London. This Is one of the startling results of an imitation perfected in a Berlin laboratory. The Invention, which has taken 18 -years to perfect, consists of recording snd storing sounds on steel. The sounds are recorded on a steel wire by electro-magnetic means, so that the wire bears no surface markings of any kind and can at any time he "emptied" of its sound contents in readiness to re ceive others. The wire can be connected with any telegraphic cable, which conveys the sounds farther. It Is predicted that within a short time every newspaper correspondent in tbe world will be able to dictate his articles direct to his office. To empty the wire is a very simple matter: one simply reverses the process and re-transforms the mag netic waves Into ordinary sound waves. Instead of being "emptied" for fur ther use, says a writer In Science, the charged wire may be disconnected and stored up. when It will, on being re connected. repeat Its sound contents as often as desired. The life of such a sound wire, unlike that of a phono graphic plate. Is limitless. How Winds Are Caused Winds are produced by a disturb ance of the equilibrium in some part of the atmosphere; a disturbance al ways resulting from a difference in temperature between adjacent sec tlons. Thus If the temperature of a certain extent' of ground becomes higher, the air In contact with It becomes heated. It expands and goes toward the colder or higher regions of the atmosphere; whence It flows, producing winds which blow from hot to cold countries. But at the same time the equilibrium Is destroyed at tbe surface of the earth, for the pres snre on the colder adjacent parts Is greater than on that which has been heated, and hence a current will be produced with a velocity dependent on the difference between these pres sures ; thus two distinct winds will be produced—an upper one setting out ward from the heated region, and s lower one setting Inward toward It How Old Egyptians Lived In tbe tomb of Antefoker, vlsler of Sesostrls I, one of the great phsraohs of ancient Egypt, found st Thebes Jn 191C-'l7, there sre two (feewing* show ing how the Egyptians between tbe years 1960 and 1985 B. C. cooked and how they warmed their roems. One picture shows butchers slaughtering a bull, carving It into parts like those displayed la a modern butcher's shop, sad tbe manasr la wt\lch tbe me*t was Cooked. Tbe meat wss held In a frame by spikes snd hung In front of s charcoal grate, to which a bel lows wss sttached. This cooktag ap pllsnce ressmbled s modern roaster used far tbe cooklag of game and poaNry. , I , •= hp N I mm I * j WATER SPORTS SAFER FOR DEO GROSS WORK Expert Life-Savers and Many Thousand Swimmers Reduce Annual Water Toll Water sports In the United States have never been so safe as they are today, a survey of the work done by Life-Saving experts of the American Red Cross In the past year Indicates. Thousands of adulta and young peo ple were taught to swim proficiently by these experts during this period. In addition, 6,681 men, 4,187 women, and 13,014 Juniors successfully passed the rigid tests of tbe Life Saving Ser- of the Red Crossr The total thus trained during the year—22,B9l—la 5,041 more than last year's results. The total membership of the Ufa Sav ing Corps of tbe Red Cross on Jnas 10 Was 72,810 persons. Masting the demand for qualified instructors and councillors In these camps, are the college men'and women of ths country, many devotftg wbois or part of thslr annual vacation psri ods to this field. Meeting tbe need of standardlssd Instruction fat lite- Saving, First-Ald. and kindred sub jects, the American Red Cross ooe. ducted nine First-Aid and Life-Saving Camp Institutes this year with a total attendance of more than 600, in Maine, Massachusetts, New York, North Car olina, Indiana, Wisconsin, Oregon, and California. Representative* of Red Cross Chapters, summer camps. Ufa guards at municipal pools and beach es, directors of physical education in schools, snd others of this calibre made up the student body. A number of city or regional Insti tutions were conducted also during tbe winter at indoor pools to develop local experts. The aquatic school con ducted by the New York Chapter was especially successful, it Is stated. In spired by tbls system, many camps, pools, bathing beaches, etc, have adopted In whole or In part the Red Cross Life Saving and water-safety program. Ia the New England states alons, more than ISO camps employ councillors trained In these methods. A partial survey indicates mors than SO ckles using the Red Cross senior test ss a minimum requirement for their municipal life guards. Educa tional institutions have turned to it with enthusiasm. * This widespread instruction be sides creating unprecedented numbers of expert life-savers, is developing a vast body of Americans who are at bome In the water. All contributes to safsty the year-round, for swim ming Is a recognised all-year sport today, records show. The danger from water accidents Is svsr-preseat however where proper safeguards are not taken and to broaden this valuable Red Cross Ser vice Is one of the reasons why la crossed membership the R* LCroas to urged. The iitul SUIT Calf dar ing which the opportunity to assist all Red Ctom work la auay 11m ef endeavor to exteaded. vffl he Mi from Armtotlea Day to ttwh|liln November 11-tt. Large Volunteer Watte at Kali Craw Volunteers under «ke Mad CMM all orer the United States on Mat ®"a* stantly tar othsn, aaesag thoir prod acta being mora thaa M pa# aaat ad the Braille reading matter tor the blind. and a vast production aC claim ing and surgtal ilmaalaga Soldier Jfai C ri«ianc« An amusing quarrel between two Venezuelan ofllcera, Oeneral Hidalgo 'and Colonel Galarta, a former secre tary of atate, to shortly to have Ita sequel in one of the Paris police courts, some time ago the general thought fit to arrest hta subordinate because he refWaed to conform to the Venezuelan army regulations la regard to the length of his hair. The colo nel's complaint la that General Hidal go not only caused him to be put In irons, but also ordered hto hair, eye brows and mustache to be shared off, thereby inflicting great moral pain , upon him. After hto release the colo nel challenged the general to a duel, but hto telegram received no reply. A few days ago the colooei heard that his enemy was due la Paris, aad he went to the Oara Saint Laaare to greet him. Aa the general left the station his victim gave him a thrash ing with a cane, and both parties quickly found themselves in the hands of the police. All attetepta to bring about a reconciliation proved vain. "I will never forgive you for putting me In Irons and shaving off my hair and eyebrows," Insisted the colonel. New Scientific Wonder A woman on an Atlantic liner called up her slater on another ship 1.10 miles away, recently, and the two car ried on a conversation lasting eight minutes. This war the first trial of a new marvel —a wireless telephone, In vented In Germany, that can be trued either between two shlpa or between a ship snd land. Previously, messages could be spoken only one way over wireless telephones. Now, It Is aaid, meseagea j may be spoken both ways atmoitane on sly and Interchangeably. —Popular i Science Monthly. * No Time tor Poeta The late Miss Amy Lowell com . plained one afternoon at ■ tea about i the modern public's indifference to poetiy. "Our Indifference," she said, "la only equaled by our Ignorance. In an ad dreas to working girl a I once stopped and asked: '"Can anyone here ted me what hexameters areT* "The working girls giggled, aad one of them said: " "Why, of course, ma'am, everybody know that hexameters are cabs what you hire by the mile.'"—Pittsburgh Chronicle-Telegraph. WHY People Attach Value to "Bit* of Stone" What Is the most valuable-Jewel? What effect has fashion on the price and cutting of gems? What stones need the most care? How should people take care of their Jewels and will water harm them? v. How may a pearl be restored to lta original luster and shape? These are questions often askad of axperts. writes R. Clifford Blftck in an article In Popular Science Monthly in which lie tells of a number of facts about Jewels astonishing to the lny man. Just what causes people to attach such value to gems is one of the mys teries of human nature. Money has changed dnrlng the but the value of Jewels has remained fairly constant. In times of uncertainty for tunes sometimes ure saved by con verting money Into Jewels. Nine persons In ten. If asked to name the most valuable Jewel, would say "diamond." The fact Is, though, that In a table ranking gems- In tbe order of their vulue, curut for carat the diamond has fourth place. Both emeralds and rubies are much more valuable, while the pearl, because of the difficulty In mutching. Is far above all others. ' Increased demands for precious stones and changes In tbe mode of dress Influence both the price and cut of gems. St present the style Is to cut in the square or emerald shape. Twenty-flve years ago, when curves were fashionable, round Jewels were most popular. Pearls need far more care than aay othefr (em, for they nre an animal product and easily destroyed. The opsl also requires great c*re. Made of silica and water, It Is very fragile. It was probably because of this that ths superstition of bad luck Is asso ciated with It. Water as s ruls doss not injure precious stones. Diamonds, rubles and sspphlres can pass through flre with out Injury. It is comparatively easy, though, to destroy both disroonds and emeralds. They will shstter to bits If struck sharply. Pice powder Is bad for pearls. It clogs up the pores of the pesri's akin. Just as It does those of ths human skin. One should never wesr pearls when sleeping, either. At Bight tlie largest percentage of acid Is thrown off the body and this dis solves the pearls. Pesrls are restored to their former luster and shape by a process known as peeling. A pearl Is made In lsyers, like sn onion, and these outer layers can be removed until the pearl has become round again. The peeling process Is a most dellcste task. It Is dons with the fingernslls snd a sharp knife, snd only ■ few men In the #orld know how to do It. The Notorious Line Hsle Holden, the railroad magnate, told a railroad story st s banquet In New York. "Once u|xm a time," he said, "there was s railroad line about 12 miles long that was notorious for Its dis comfort, bumps and dirt. "A train on* this line pulled Into the terminus one morning, late as usual, snd s man said, as he rose and brushed off the coal and dust and soot: "•Well, tbsnk goodness, the worst part of my Journey Is over.' "Goln' far?" said the conductor. "'Msdiignscnr.' said the man. Why the Sea Is Blue Holiday-makers are sometimes dis appointed to flnd that the s«a Is not colored that beautiful azure blue which we love. A glass of sea wuter is perfectly trunspiircnt and colorless, yet the ocean Is often colored any shade from yellow to purple. It Is the salt In the sea wuter which causes the bine color, for all the In numerable small particles of salt In the water Alter the sun's rays and re flect the blue light. Seas which con tain s large proportlon'of suit are col ored the deepest blue. The Mediter ranean, for example, which Is rich in salt. Is perhaps the deepest blue known. And the Pacific ocean is dark snough to be called Indigo. Why Moon Affects Hair "Has the moon any effect upon tbe growth of human hair?" asks a corre spondent. A well-known astrologer declares that It has. He states that If the hair Is cut when there Is a new moon It grows twice as quickly as If cut when the moon Is n dying one. Although this authority has a luxuri ant growth of hair, he has It cut only four or five times s year, always when there is a dying moon. Why Bright Easter Colors Tbe use of bright colors at Easter is symbolic of the rays of the aurora sad ths dawning hues of the Easter sua. Purple Is largely used because fsoat g very oariy period I i was one et tho sMt MgWy prised of all colors. NO. 40 Wreaths on Statues Barred in Londot% One of the little-known forblddeirf things In London Is to lay a wreatlj before a statue. Five Americans of Scottish descent brought a wreath of bay leaves to lay before the statue of Robert Burns In the Embankment gar* dens, the occasion being the> 129 th an* nlversary of his death and they belnfl Americans who keep note of gncix things. A park ranger caught them at it amt soon stopped this rash attempt to adf to the decoration of the Embankment* gardens. He ascertained at once (a® he suspected) that they had no official' and properly sealed permission to las a wreath on Robert Burns' memorial. The Americans asked him what h£ would have d#ne If the}- had laid thelc wreath before Burns without being seen. The ranger replied honestly enough that In that cane he woald hav« taken It off when he did see It Bt the Americans took their wreath sorrowfully and laid It before the bust of Lincoln at the Savoy hotel. But why should It be to get per- * mission to do so Innocent and pleasing a thing ns to lay a wreath before % •statue? Danger to the Eyes in Major Industrief That there is hardly an industrial occupation in America which does no add each year to the steadily Increas ing number of the blind and neatf blind is the announcement made byf the national committee for the pre vention of blindness, following an ex tensive study of eye hazards In Indus try. Referring to the recorda of * single Insurance company which h three and a half yea re settled claims Involving 1,04!) cases of |»ermanent disability resulting from eye injuries, the committee found that 82 eyea wer® lost In the presumably safe occupa tions of merchandising, farming and textile manufacture. "This Is further proof,** the commit tee reports, "that serious eye acci dents are lltaelf to occur wherever men, women and children are em ployed. There Is no such thing as a really nonhazardons occupation." The report shows that the greatest number of serious eye Injuries for the entire country occur In the metal man ufacturing industries. But In Penn sylvania the coal mining Industry ranks first as a cause of Industrial, blindness, and In Wisconsin hand toola ore the greatest single cause of In juries to eyesight One large ship building company bad more than 4JMJO eye cases treated In Its dispensary In one year. The committee recommend* ♦he keeping of detailed and accurate records of the nature, causes -and costs of eye Injuries as the first step In any campaign for the prevention of eye accidents in an Industrial plant or tft an entire Industry. Nothing but Juttice In this Ood's world, with Its wild whirling eddies and mad-foam oceans, where men and nations perish as If without law and Judgment for an un just thing sternly delnyed, dost thoa think therefore that there Is no Jus tice? It Is what the fool bad said In his heart. It Is what the wise In all times were wise because they desired and knew forever not to be. I tell thee again there la nothing else bat Justice; one strong thing I find here below—the Just thing, the true thing. • * • If the thing is unjust thoa hnst not succeeded, though bonfires Mazed from north to south, and bells rnng. and editors wrote leading arti cles, and the Just thing lay trampled out of sight to all mortal eyes —an abolished and annihilated thing.— Thomas Carlyle. Stairs' Death Toll In the Manhattan section of New Tori* there have been i-iore than 100 deaths In a single year due to falls on stairs. The total number of such fatal ities In the United States Is estimated to be about 14,800 each year. The ma jority of these falls are due either to slipping or tripping, the former being far more prevalent About 85 per cent of accidents on stairs occur daring December, January and February. This Is due to snow, Ice and poor lighting. M Leu Cain in Population Although the population of the United States Is now at the high water mark of 114,311,000 peopl* the advance over lost year was loss than the average advance for the last five yeare, according to recent esti mates of the mjtlonul bureau of eco nomic research. The once rapid ad vance. it is believed, now has slowed up definitely.—Popular Science Monthly. Caiket at SSOO an Inch A small Jewel casket bequeathed to the Almlno Countess of Carnarvon bv Alfred de UotUscMld recently sold at auction for SSOO an Irnjh. It brought more tliun s.'>,ooo.