THE ALAMANCE GLEANER
VOL. LII.
Sights In
a COREA
Corean Peasant With Laden Bullock.
(Prepared by the National Geographic
Society, Washington, D. C.)
THE recent death of the former
emperor of Corea, who had lived
since 1910 as a ward of the Jap
anese government, severs the last
tie that connected Chosen, province of
Japan, with Corea, one-time independ
ent kingdom and empire. The names,
however, do not tell the whole story.
"Chosen" is the older name, and by
it the kingdom was known many hun
dreds of years ago. The empire, which
dated from 1897, existed entirely un
der the name "Corea," and this, too,
had been applied to the kingdom since
it had had contacts with the Western
world. To the Japanese the country
is now "Chosen," but the Inhabitants
have made a sort of patriotic issue
out of the names and like the people
of the West-usually employ the name
"Corea."
Due to the incessant activity of the
Japanese since 1910, In business, pub
lic works, and governmental develop
ment, Corea has changed in many
ways In outward appearance. But
a population of 20,000,000 does not
have its ways changed in a day; so
behind the railways, telegraphs and
power houses, the vast mass of the
Coreans continue to live the lives of
their fathers.
Since Corea is so full of unusual
scenes and strange customs It attracts
many of the tourists who find them
selves In that part of the world. One
of the commonest routes into the coun
try Is from Japan across the Corea
or Chosen strait to Fusan.
The long dock at which one's steam
er lands at Fusan will be found alive
with people, most of them coolies, in
white clothing and with long hair in
an untidy coll, worn on top of their
heads, waiting to transfer baggage to
the railway station. This Is done by
means of peculiar racks carried on the
back, In which not only baggage Is
borne, but every, conceivable thing,
even to live animals. Were the tour
ist to journey to Fusan alone, he
*ouid feel amply rewarded for visit
to? this gateway city, even If the
crossing proved as rough as is some
times experienced.
Corea Really an Island.
Before visiting the points of inter
est In Seoul, which is the seat of gov
ernment, let us consider briefly some
®rts pertaining to Corea as a country.
4 ea ' althou gh classed as a penln-
Is in ultimate analysis an island,
rp miles of Its northern boundary
®elng the River Yalu and the remain
der of tho River Turnen, both of which
are outlets of the same lake in the
j orthern mountains, the former flow
west and the latter east The di
mensions of Corea are about 135 by
1 miles, with an, area, including Its
if^ rOUa BmaU ,slands - of about
>OOO square miles—not far from
e size of New York and Pennsyl
ania. The arable land comprises only
ot one-quarter of its surface, a
n?e of exceedingly barren mountains
mili Bc , antll y claJ hills extending Its
T " !pn Sth. Its population is a lit
ter 20,000,000 or slightly in ex
sof 200 to each square mile. As a
** oa ' the density of English
mr l i. on ,s 500 ! Japanese, 284; Ger-
P' • an d the United States, 21.
« s ' nj > °* rice is the chief occupa
u. ® People, although Corea is
dtiMr, the flfth latest cotton-pro
. 8 country in the world. In cus
thf j 1 " I ' l loo^s People resemble
too h P L neße In some ways, and al
cnliariM have many not l c eable pe
ties, laziness, as some writers.
Via °" ar Ked, is not one of them.
coumr!. fl . rietieß °' fra,t thrive and the
mi r • Is rlch In coal and nearly all
TJ.enu. products.
toon in! * e c ' ot^ln ? Is the emblem of
if:,; r "5 ln Corea, as It Is in Japan
tw, ' na * the mourning period Is
hire h, fif The distinguishing fea
tio U r,, le c '°thlng of the male Corean
Meach! i » the material, which Is un
the Wa . nen or sackclofh bound at
• st with a rope girdle for the
loess of a father, or one made of strips
of cloth for a mother. In his hands
the mourner holds a sackcloth screen
about one foot square, with which to
hide his face when passing along the
street The mourning hat, while enor
mous, must be much more comfortable
than the everyday fly-trap sort It
consists of a creation of straw and
bamboo, shaped like a wooden chop
ping bowl, the edge of the rim being
a coarse scallop.
The conventional clothing of the
Corean gentleman Is more striking
than comfortable. The foot Is crowd
ed into a cloth stocking not the shape
of the member It Is designed to fit
but like the shoe, narrow at the toe
and turned up to a point similar to a
clown's toot covering. The dry-weath
er shoes, of coarse black cloth, low
as slippers, their snug flt being de
pended upon to hold them In place,
were found extremely uncomfortable.
The trousers consist of a pair of
pillow-cases having a wide waistband,
not too uncomfortable In warm weath
er were there some other arrange
ments for holding them in piace less
confining than the narrow braid which
is used as a belt The padded waist Is
covered with a green silk waistcoat,
the long unllned overgarment being off
thin, gauzelike material, almost trans
parent In a delicate blue, reaching be
low the knees. From the belt on the
left side are hung two cases, one con
taining a small knife and a pair of
chop-sticks, the other a pair of gro
tesque spectacles of smoked glass the
size of silver dollars, set in a clumsy*
bone frame. On the right hang bags
for money and tobacco. All of these
cases are embroidered in .bright colors.
In the hand Is Carried a plain fan,
while the outfit Is crowned by an ab
,surd little pill-box hat which is
perched on a tightly colled queue and
tied under the chin with a plain black
tape, supplemented In the case of men
of wealth or distinction by a chain
constructed of two-inch pieces of the
smallest-sized bamboo separated by
amber beads, hanging from either side
of the hat under the chin and thence
to the waist The rim of the hat is
of fine bamboo, while the upright part
is of horsehair, so loosely braided as
to expose the hair of the wearer to
view. For rainy weather they have
as a covering for the hat a peculiar
round, helmet-shaped oil-paper, point
ed at the top, which is drawn on and
tied under the chin. When not in use
this covering is folded In plaits like a
fan and carried in the folds of the
waistcoat The clothing of the more
wealthy Corean is of the same cut but
differs from the above simply In cost
pf the material.
Garb ef the Women.
The dress of the laboring class of
women consists of a jacket or waist
which extends about three Inches be
low the armpits, while the skirt has
only a tightly drawn hand, thus ex
posing to view several Inches of dark
brown skin between the waist and
skirt-band. But women of the middle
class never appear on the street with
out wearing a white skirt over the
head and face In such a manner as
to enable them to see their way with
out exposing even their faces to view,
while others wear a green or red long
coat hung in the same way and reach
ing 'to the knees; this garment, al
though having sleeves, is only worn as
a velL The higher class women sel
dom appear on the street except with
in the seclusion of the closely cur
tained chair borne by coolies.
In place of the street covering for
the head, some of the reformers carry
open umbrellas both in daylight and
darkness, not as a protection from
rain, but as a screen from the gaze of
the men. This seems rather amusing,
since the purpose for which men carry
fans Is said to be to protect them
from the eyes of the women. In their
home life the women wear very bright,
solid colors, wlthoat regard for har
mony, waist, skirt silk purse and otb
er ornaments being nil at variance.
Cost and Value
of Corn Silage
Conclusively Proven That
Product in Ration Makes
Big Saving.
Stockkeepers must know the cost
of their feeds In order to determine
the best and most economical rations.
For this reason It la necessary to In
vestigate the cost of making silage,
writes A. L. Haecker In the lowa
Homestead. The Missouri Agricul
tural college lhst year showed a cost
of $5.90 per ton for corn silage. They
based this on the bushel yield, credit
ing the corn with 94 cents per bushel
and charging actual costs which were
■ liberal on all Items and above the
•average now paid.
During the past 25 years many of
our experiment stations have pub
lished figures on cost of producing
silage, but as conditions have radi
cally changed In costs, these figures
are of little value at the present time.
It is hoped that new figures on this
subject may be secured this year and
that special care will be taken to
give data produced on average farms.
Ways of Figuring.
There are two principal ways of
figuring cost One is based on the
yield of corn, which is the most com
mon, and, I believe, the least reliable;
the other is based on land rental and
actual cost of growing and harvesting
fhe crop. Thirty per cent of last
year's corn that went Into the silo
would not have made marketable
grain, due to the fact that it lacked
maturity. Frequently a field of corn
at tasseling time is so damaged by
hot winds that the silk is dried or
burned and the corn will fall to ear.
Such a crop will still make silage,
though it is a total failure as a grain
crop. Where the basis Is made on
land rental and all costs, a more ac
curate accounting can be made.
Under presebt-day conditions it is
safe to conclude that silage can be
made, where all costs are considered,
for from $5 to $6 per ton. The fol
lowing figures may be used to de
termine the worth of silage under
good farm conditions: When butter
fat is selling for 45 cents per pound,
corn silage will bring the dairy farmer
$lO per ton; and when fat steers are
selling for $9 to $lO per hundred
weight, corn silage is worth from $7
to $8 per ton. Then a farmer with a
silo and a fair yield of crop can re
ceive a value from his corn made into
silage of S7O to SBO an acre, when
fed to steers, and SIOO when fed to
good dairy cows.
Makes Big Bavlng.
It has been conclusively proven that
silage in the ration makes a saving
of considerable money. With dairy
animals, the feeding of silage saves
from 8 to 15 cents on the cost of pro
ducing a pound of butter and from
30 to 50 cents on producing 100
pounds of milk. For beef production
DESTRUCTIVE CABBAGE WORM
KILLED BY USE OF POISON SPRAY
Arsenic May Also Be Ap
plied in Dust Form.
(Prepared by tha United States Department
of Agriculture.)
The common cabbage worm, the
most destructive Insect enemy of cab
bage and related crops, Is best con
trolled by spraying with lead arsenate
or calcium arsenate, says the United
States Department of Agriculture in
a publication just'lssued, entitled "The
Common Cabbage Worm and Its Con
trol." This pest is a velvety-green
caterpillar about one and one-quarter,
inches In length, and Is the larva of
a white butterfly known to most
farmers.
The worm would cause much heavier
losses, according to the bulletin, but
for a number of natural enemies,
among the most Important being cer
tain wasp-like parasites or four
winged flies, the immature forms of
which feed within the body of the
caterpillar.
Early in the season the worm at
tacks the cabbage, riddling the outer
leaves as they form, frequently feed
ing within the immature heads, which
are rendered unfit for food. Some
times it cuts out the "hud" from the
young plant, thus preventing develop
ment of the head.
Arsenic poisons may be applied In
dust form rather than as a spray by
mixing the powder with hydcnted or
air-slaked lime, land plaster, dusting
sulphur or cheap, light, finely pul
verized material which will adhere to
the cabbage leaves. Although dusts
are more easily and quickly applied
than sprays, they do not always dis
tribute the poison as evenly, and", un
less the dusting is done when the
GRAHAM, N, C., THURSDAY, MAY 13, 1926.
or fattening of animals, the saving
produced by silage is about' $1 per
100 pounds gain. When we consider
the growing of young stock, the feed
ing of dry cows and heifers, the win
tering of work horses and mules, the
silo becomes a necessity on the stock
farm. ,
Sanitation Is Essential
* for Success With Fowls
The poultry Industry Is facing the
problem of using more sanitary prin
ciples If poultry Is to continue to be
profitable. Tuberculosis, coccldlosis,
tapeworms, roundworms and bacll
lary white diarrhea are causing the
greatest losses to the poultry industry.
Tuberculosis Is most satisfactorily
controlled by testing the flock, remov
ing the reactors and thoroughly clean
ing the premises. In case of heavy
Infection In a flock it Is best to dispose
of the entire flock and buy healthy
birds, putting them on fresh ground.
Coccldlosis Is one disease in which at
tention to the sanitation Is an ex
tremely important factor In its con
trol.
Tapeworms require an Intermediate
host to complete their life cycle, and
the common fly Is the intermediate
host to three of them. Tapeworms
are most effectively combated by de
stroying the breeding places of flies
In manure piles, old straw piles and
accumulations of decaying vegetable
matter.
Roundworm eggs pass out with the
droppings to be picked up by other
birds. Changing the chickens to new
ground and plowing up the old ground
Is the best means of preventing Infes
tation.
Baclllary white diarrhea Is most ef
fectively controlled by blood testing
the older chickens to see which birds
are infected. By eliminating the re
actors Infection Is not passed by way
of the egg nor the ground Infected by
the droppings.
Thus we see that the diseases which
are causing our greatest poultry
losses may be or are being combated
by the use of proper sanitary and pre
ventive measures. Also chickens
which are in a thrifty condition are
much less susceptible to some of the
bacterial diseases of poultry which
are capable of causing great losses-
Select Best Boar Type
Anyone Intending to buy a boar to
sire the next spring pig Crop will be
well repaid for care in selecting him.
Buy a boar that will sire pigs with
the necessary constitution and feed
ing ability to make a good start to
ward 200-pound market hogs. An un
dersized, scrawny boar cannot be ex
pected to sire vigorous pigs. The
boar should be large for his age, wide
and deep, have of bone, and
stand on straight legs with strong feet
and pasterns.
plants are wet, they do not stick as
well.
Farmers' Bulletin 14A1-F, contain
ing a description of the common cab
bage worm together with Information
relative to control measures, neces
sary materials and equipment, may be
obtained free, while the supply lasts,
from the United States Department of
Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
Imported Parasites of
Corn Borer Aid Control
A number of parasites of the corn
iborer have been imported from Eu
rope and liberated In this country in
recent years to aid In control of this
pest of the corn crop. Four different
kinds of these parasites have been
recovered lately in New York, Ohio,
and New England, showing they are
becoming established here. Winter
shipments of parasites from France
to the corn-borer laboratory at Ar
lington, Mass., have Included nearly
35,000 of one species and about 13,000
of another, as well as 355,000 host
larvae from which four other species
of parasites will be reared.
Coops for Turkeys
If you have turkeys in a floored
coop—the same thing might be said of
chickens —keep the floor of the coop
raised above the surface of the ground
enough to allow a circulation of air
underneath. If the floor is at all
damp, put a little ginger In the poults'
milk. One old-time method of grow
ing poults was to force a grain of
black pepper down theli throats.
This was done to save the young
fowls from contracting diseases.
%ekrrcAm
(©, 1»28, We»toi*n Newspaper Union.)
We measure success by accumu
lation. The measure Is false. The
true measure Is appreciation. He
who loves most has most. —Van-
dyke.
A COLLECTION OF CAKES
Cakes are always tn season and the
larder la never quite complete unless
there 1b a cake for an
JJj White Fruit Cake.—
1 mi J Cream two-thirds of a
t- -A cupful of butter until
creamy and add grnd-
I uolly, beating constantly,
WWM seven-eighths of a cupful
of pastry flour, sifted
with one-fourth of a tea
spoonful of soda, then
add ope-half tablespoon-
of lemon Juice. Beat the whites of
six eggs until stiff, using an egg whip,
add gradually one and one-fourth cup
fuls of powdered sugar. Combine mix
tures and when well blended add two
thirds of a cupful of candled cherries,
one-third of a capful of blanched and
shredded almonds, one-half cupful of
citron and one teaspoonful of lemon
extracL Hake In a moderate oven one
hour.
Old-Faehloned Pound Cake. —Cream
one cupful of butter and add gradual
ly one and two-thirds cupfuls of gran
ulated sugar, beating until creamy;
add five eggs, one at a time, beating
vigorously between the addition of
each. When the mixture Is foamy fold
In two cupfuls of pastry flour sifted
"with two teaspoonfuls of baking pow
der. Bake In a slow oven.
81 x Month** Cake. —Mix one-half
cupful of butter with one cupful of
sugar; when creamy add two well
beaten eggs and one-half cupful of mo
lasses. Mix and sift two and one-half
cupfuls of flour, one teaspoonful of
cream of tartar, one-half teaspoonful
of soda, one teaspoonful of cinnamon,
one-fourth teaspoonful of cloves and
the same of mace. Add alternately
with one-half cupful of milk to the
first mixture and beat vigorously, then
add one cupful of raisins cut Into
small pieces and dredged with two
tahlespoonfuls of flour. Turn Into
two bread pans and bake In a moder
ate oven forty-flve minutes.
Cherry lee Cream.—Use a cupful of
rich cherry Juice and a pint of cream
with a few drops of almond extract
Sweeten to taste and freeze as usual.
Serve In sherbet cups and garnish
with a cherry or a spoonful of the
minced cherries and some of the sirup.
Inviting Dishes.
A most delicious Ailing for cake Is
prepared as follows: Rake two cup-
f u 1 s of sugar
Pwlth four table
spoonfuls of wa
ter until It
threads; pour
over three well-
It e a t en egg
whites, add one
half cupful of cit
ron shredded fine, one-half cupful each
of chopped raisins and blanched al
monds and the same of figs. Spread
between the layers and on top of the
cake.
Layer Prune Cake.—Take one cup
ful of sugar, two tahlespoonfuls of
butter, one cupful of finely chopped
cooked prunes, one-half cupful of
prune Juice, one-half teaspoonful of
soda dissolved In the prune Juice, two
teaspoonfuls of baking powder, one
teaspoonful each of cinnamon and nut
meg and one-half teaspoonful of
cloves. Mix in order glvenraddlng twa
cupfuls of flour sifted with the dry In
gredients. Hake in two layers about
thirty minutes. Ice with one cupful of
powdered sugar, three tahlespoonfuls
of butter and cream to spread.
Fruit Salad. Into small pieces
two cupfuls of celery, two oranges,
two-thirds of a cupful of raisins seed
ed und plumped over steam, one cup
ful of grated apple and a cupful of
mayonnaise dressing. Cover the salad
with the apple, then the mayonnaise.
One-Piece Dieh.—Arrange a layer of
thinly sliced uncooked potatoes In e
baking dish, season well, add a layer
of thinly sliced onion and cover with
lamb chops. Bake until all are cooked.
Serve from the baking dish. I'eas may
be substituted for the onion If pre
ferred.
Chicken Balad.—Took a chicken
with a lean piece of veal until both
are tender. Cut up Into small cubes,
add twice as much celery as chicken, a
half cupful of finely cut blanched al
monds and any good highly seasoned
salad dressing.
When baking pie prepare nnd bake
another shell. This If kept In n cold
place will be crisp and good for sev
eral days. Kill with crushed berries
mixed with sugar and top with
whipped cream. Such a dessert Is
quickly prepared and Is especially well
liked.
Grain Housed in Building That
Cures Crops and Protects Them
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First Floor Plan.
By W. A. RADFORD
Mr. William A. Radford will answer
questions and give ADVICE FREE OF
CoßTt>n all problems pertaining to the
subject of building work on the farm,
for the readers of this paper. On ac
count of his wide experience as editor,
author and manufacturer, he Is, with
out doubt, the hlgtiest authority on the
subject. , Address all Inquiries to Wil
liam A. Radford, No. 1827 Prairie ave
nue, Chicago, 111., and only Inclose
two-cent stamp for reply.
"When the crib Is full everybody
on the farm eats," Is a saying that was
popular with our grandfathers. And
so It is, for corn and small grain will
go far toward feeding every member
of the fnrm family and the live stock
as well.
When grain prices were low and
the cost of producing crops was even
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Becond Floor Plan.
lower, little care and practically no
expense wag Incurred in caring for the
grain after harvest of pro
duction and high grain prices make it
economlcal to provide proper housing
for the grains after harvest. This Is
especially true of corn, for weather
and the rodents that feed on it can
quickly eat up the farm profits unless
the grain Is stored where It Is safe
from these two enemies.
The modern corn crib and granary,
'l good design for which Is shown in
the illustration, provides a safe house
for the crops. The concrete floor,
which also acts as a foundation for
the building, keeps out the rats and
— ——wuuiorrn
sign we need not be surprised to find h
NO. 14.
other animals The crib siding, spaced
so as to admit fresh air for drying and
curing the grain, also keeps oat the
weather—rain, snow and sleet, which
decrease the value of the corn tor
either a cash crop or for feeding.
The building la 26 feet wide and 50
feet long. Through the center is a
10-foot driveway to facilitate loading
and unloading the corn. Eight-foot
cribs running up to the roof are on
either side of the driveway, while
overhead Is space for bins to store the
small grain.
The cupola on the ridge permits the
use of a power elevator to carry the
corn to the two cribs. The ear corn
is emptied Into 6 dump tn the floor
where buckets on an endless belt pick
It up and carry It to the spout, which is
swlveled so that it may be turned to
any part of either crib.
Cribs must be of substantial con
struction to withstand the bursting
pressure exercised on the walls by the
stored corn. However, the farm build
ing architects have worked out plans
that give the owner a substantial, tight
building at a price that is saved dar
ing the life of the building
Concrete Blocks Are
Fireproof and Cheap
Concrete block and tile are Are re
sistant and economically laid ">4
make buildings that will need no re>
pairing.
These building units are suitable for
all types of city and rural structures.
Houses, garages, barns, pool try-houses
and Icehouses are bat s few of these
structures in which they are laid
successfully. Well-equipped plants for
making these units are In most up
to-date communities. As the equip
ment to make these blocks usually la
more expensive than the average citi
zen can afford, it is better to bay the
units already constructed.
Concrete block art> made tn a num
ber of sizes, the 8 by 8 by 16 Inch
and the 8 by 8 by 24 Inch sizes being
used most extensively. Smaller units
called building tile are usually made
in two sizes, 5 by 8 by 12 Inches and
8 by 12 by 12 Inches Concrete brick
are the same sizes as clay brick.
Concrete building units' should be
moistened before laying by sprinkling
with a hose. This wetting is neces
sary to prevent the dry brick from ab
sorbing the water from the fresh mop
tar and thereby interfering -with the
chemical process involved In the
hardening of the mortar.
Walls Important Feature
in the Colonial House
In the colonial room the walls are
are a very important feature and spe
cial care should be taken in treating
them. They create much of the atmos
phere as well as making the back
ground for the ftirnlture. If strictly
colonial the walls are either paneled
In pine, or at least on the fireplace
end. or are covered with French block
print or landscape paper and have
painted plaster or wood wainscot and
wood cornices at the celling. 1
Drab Walls Passing
The drab wall, the uninteresting
decorative scheme; In fact, all the ear
marks of the "age of gloom," are pass
ing. "Decorate everything," is the
new formula. For decoration of any
sort—particularly that In which pare
color and flexibility of medium are de
sirable—paint naturally comes to the
foreground.
Poor Roofing Ruinous
Thousands of buildings go to aln
each year because of poor roofing.
Many other buildings are saved for
long years of future service by re roof
ing with slate and no inconsiderable
amount of the roofing slate quarried la