THE ALAMANCE GLEANER
VOL. LII.
DOINGS OF THE WEEK
NEWS REVIEW OF
CURRENT EVENTS
**
Our Policy in Nicaragua
Bitterly Attacked in
Latin America.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
ONE were to believe the press In
1 some Latin-American republics and
the alarmists at home, affairs in Nlc
iragua are approaching a crisis that
«ill be very uncomfortable for the
United States, But the administra
tion pursues its course steadily and
without the least appearance of being
worried. Rear Admiral Julian B. Lati
mer, commanding our naval forces
down there, has established a neutral
lone that embraces the entire east
toast of Nicaragua and has notified
both sides In the civil struggle that
any troops of either faction that enter
that zone will be disarmed. Though
the zone includes Puerto Cabezas,
where Doctor Sacasa set up his liberal
government, Admiral Latimer's action
last week happened to strike hardest
at the Diaz forces, for they suffered
e severe defeat at Las Perlas and
hundreds of them were forced to re
tire to El Bluff, where they were dis
armed by the Yankee gobs. The Con
servatives fought desperately for three
days but could not withstand the at
tacks of the Liberals,. who were said
to have the help of 300 Mexican sol
diers and officers.
Dr. T. S. Vaca, agent of the Liberal
government In Washington, lodged
with Secretary of State Kellogg an
emphatic protest against the occupa
tion of Puerto Cabezas by the Ameri
cans, asserting that it was unwar
ranted and that Doctor Sacasa was
held In "practical imprisonment." At
about the same time President 'Crtol
idge gave out a statement describing
America's intervention as non-partisan
and declaring that the only purpose
In landing the bluejackets in Puerto
Cabezas was the protection of the
lives and property of American citi
zens. American marines, according to
the President, have not molested Doc
tor Sacasa or any member of his cab
inet. The LjberqJ president, it was
pointed out, is now residing in a house
lent by Americans at Puerto Cabezas.
Senator Borah, chairman of the sen
ate foreign relations committee, after
conferring with Secretary kellogg and
reading a cablegram from Admiral
Latimer, Issued a formal statement
saying he did not believe It was the
Intention of the United States to In
tervene in the affairs of Nicaragua,
but warning that the government
should be "vigilant against being
tricked Into intervention."
"Naturally, we are Interested in pro
tecting our own people," the Borah
statement continued.- "But we should
also l)ear In mind that to do anything
®ore than is necessary to protect them
s wholly unjustifiable. .Those people
ave their own way of doing things,
®nd not only this government but
American citizens who go Into these
countries will have to take that lntd
consideration, tam In favor of with
rawlng our forces from
* u 't as so °n as It can be ascertained
lat Americans are reasonably safe."
Senator Moses, also a member of
committee, Is riot so satisfied. He
a resolution calling on the
a 'e department for the correspond-
Bce leading up to the recognition of
'■« and relating to efforts to stabil
e 'is government. It was presumed
!'•> would open the way to a general
w-ussion of American policies in
"•"tin-America.
Newspapers In Mexico, Brazil and
_ are bitterly attacking the
'cy of the United States in Nlcara
a - In Buenos 4tires the press calls
° f the flxed .program of the
of >.^ ates eventually to annex all
, e ? U '' l America. But they are an
bJt our refusa l to admit their
alfalfa seed, and suggest a
H cott . ? n American coal In retalla-
A, I ' oPtuna tely Ambassador Peter
l t J ' who could explain It all to the
•nd ? Government, has resigned
. s about to come home with the
°f his daughter, who died
Science Now Promises
New Fuels From Coal
C0 f ni i mon lump of coal, productive
•M °v, more than heat, smoke
l ain a "' 9 is a veritable wonder
lew. n Possibilities and American
Al a(j( jl* ts are determined to be its
I bUn kfe | leßß coal, automobiles run on
i sal gag heat Instead of coal
10m,,. 5® oDl r ■ few of the changes
com# about, experts say, as
KL
UEAT BRITAIN, recognizing the
V-» changed conditions in China, has
communicated to the powers Its new
policy In the Orient and asked them to
tuke a corresponding stand The pro
gram calls for revision of the Wash
ington treaty and all other outstand
ing questions as soon as the Chinese
themselves have constituted a govern
ment with authority to -negotiate, and
proposes that the powers should
abandon the idea that "economic and
political development of China can
only be secured under foreign tutelage
and should declare their readiness to
recognize her right to the enjoyment
of a tariff autonomy as soon as she
herself has settled and promulgated a
new national tariff. They should ex
pressly disclaim any intention of forc
ing foreign control upon an unwilling
China."
The plan calls for the Immediate
unconditional grants of surtaxes con
templated by the Washington confer
ence, and opposes any attempt by the
powers to dictate the purposes to
which the yield from the surtaxes
should be devoted.
In the State department at Wash
ington the British plan was read sym
pathetically and In general with favor.
France doesn't like It. The press in
Japan was unanimously opposed to It,
the objections being probably prompt
ed almost entirely by commercial con
siderations. Large Japanese exporters
to China foresee considerable losses in
what has been a lucrative field for
them, and they have great influence
with the government.
Marshal Chang Tso-lin of Manchu
ria has arrived in Peking, occupied the
imperial palace and is giving out or
ders as a dictator. Meanwhile the
northern leaders, are reported to be
gathering huge armies about Shanghai
to prevent the imminent capture of that
city by the Cantonese armies.
AROUSED by Information that
?100,000,000 worth of liquor had
.crossed from Canada Into the United
States during the year, and In response
to loud protests in the Dominion and
the United States,- the government at
Ottawa announced that It was deter
mined to stop the rum running and to
put into full effect Immediately the
treaty concerning It between Canada
and this country. Hereafter any ships
clearing from Canada with cargoes of
liquor must prove beyond doubt that
their cargo has been landed at the
, point for which clearance was granted,
or else their bond for double excise
duty will be forfeited. Where evi
dence Is available that clearance pa
pers are made out for fictitious trips,
liquor cargoes will be seized and de
clared confiscated as contraband under
the provisions of the Canadian cus
toms act
Holiday drinking In the United
States resulted in the deaths of many
persons due to the poisonous nature
of the liquors, and opponents of pro
hibition cried loudly that the govern
ment was murdering American citi
zens. Treasury officials responded
with the statement that the use of
wood alcohol as a denaturant would
not be discontinued, but that a new
formula containing an unusually ob
noxious compound would be substi
tuted for some of the formulas In use
hitherto. In other words, the liquor
will be no less poisonous but will be
so distasteful that, it is hoped, people
will not be willing to drink It
Rear Admiral Blllard announces
that "Rum Row" off the Atlantic coast
has been entirely put out of business
by the efforts of the coast guard.
THERE was widespread damage
and great suffering, as well as sev
eral deaths, In the lowlands of Ken
tuckv, Tennessee, Arkansas, 1 Missis
sippi and Alabama, from the
overflowing of the rivers 'following
tremendous rainfalls. Eastern Ken
tucky and Tennessee were the worst
sufferers, but elsewhere also the crop
losses were heavy. In other parts of
the country, notably Ohio, there were
extraordinarily heavy snowfalls that
brought traffic to a standstill.
Two volcanoes on Kamchatka penin
sula are In eruption, and thopgh no
loss of life is reported the property
damage is severe. The city of Petro
pavlovsk is nearly burled under lava
and ashes. Further west on the Rus
sian coast several fishing villages were
obliterated by great waves and masses
of ice hurled on them during a storm.
Heavy loss of life was reported there.
a result of Increased scientific re
search.
Predictions of revolutions In energy
sources have increased since the clos
ing of the recent international con
ference on bituminous coal at Pitts
burgh, at which It developed that
France and Germany had gone further
than other countries In coal research.
Attention Is being directed not to
the mines as In the past but to the
laboratories, said a scientist, a lay
man-educator, a coal expert and a
government chemist. „
T I'DfGATION over the estate of Jay
Gould that lasted ten years and
enriched many lawyers was brought to
an end by a compromise agreement
making a series of lump sum settle
ments and annual payments amount
ing In all to about §20,000,000 to the
many beneficiaries.
The estate has shrunk from $80,000,-
000 to about $50,000,000. Attorney
Samuel Seabury of New York, acting
as spokesman for the attorneys con
cerned, said that Anna, duchesse de
Tallynyid, had settled an $11,000,000
claim for less than $3,000,000. A de
sire to mend family differences actu
ated this settlement, Mr. Seabury said.
He Informed Referee O'Qorinan that
both Prank J. Gould and the duchess
held the deepest affection for Helen
Gould Shepard, one bf the trustees,
and felt that no matter how mistaken
her course of conduct had been It had
not been marked by any trace of dis
honor.
AWARD of the Woodrow Wilson
Foundation peace prize for 1926
was made to Elihu former secre
tary of state, at a banquet In New
York on the anniversary of Wilson's
birth. The presentation was made by
Norman H. Davis, president of the
foundation, who said It was In recog
nition of Mr. Root's work In 1920 in
the creation of the permanent court of
international Justice. ' '
\/f AJOR DARGUE and his comrade
In the pan-American army air
plane tour, went up to Mexico City
and were received by President Calles.
They presented to him a flowery letter
from President Coolldge and received
an equally flowery missive for Mr.
Coolidge. Naturally, there was in the
documents no slightest hipt that re
lations between the two governments
were not entirely pleasant
GREETED by a million people, the
former Crown Prince Hirohlto of
Japan entered Tokyo and mounted the
throne of his ancestors, succeeding to
the Imperial title on the death of his
father, Yoshlhlto. At his first levee
the new emperor read an v outllne of
his poliHes, saying In part:
"Conditions throughout the world
have recently undergone .signal
changes. The thoughts of men are
liable to follow contradictory chan
nels. The economic life of the nation
is occasionally marked with the con
flict of varied Interests. Accordingly
It is important to fix one's eyes at
the general situation of the country
and unite the efforts of the whole em
pire In promoting the solidarity of the
nation, in strengthening still further
the foundation of the national exist
ence and securing forever the pros
perity of our people.
"Simplicity Instead of vain display;
originality instead of blind imitation;
progress in the view of this period of
evolution and Improvement to keep up
with advancing civilization; national
harmony In purpose and action; be
neficence to all classes of pebble and
friendship for all nations on earth.
These are the cardinal, alms of man
whereto our profoundest abiding solici
tudes are directed."
CONSIDERABLE importance Is at
tached to the signing on Wednes
day of a treaty of friendship and ar
bitration between Germany and Italy
Though It is not an alliance, tfye pact
is expected to bring the two countries
again Into amicable relations and to
have a bearing on the shaping of the
political alignment in Europe. *• It
shows a spirit of co-operation and a
desire to clear up the misunderstand
ings of the past year.
QUSINESS men of America formed
D a commission to investigate the
agricultural problem and its relation
to the economic life of the nation.
Charles Nagel of St. Louis is chairman
of the commission, which was created
Jointly by the national industrial con
ference board and the Chamber of
Commerce of the United States. Mr.
Nagel said that while information and
suggestions would be sought from
leaders in all fields of business and
agricultural activity "the commission's
findings and recommendations must
be entirely Its own, uninfluenced and
free even from the policies and atti
tudes of either of the two organiza
tions that have co-operated in organ
izing the commission."
c
"Some processes which are talked
about a great deal can be adopted
profitably," said Dr. Thomas S.
Baker, president of the Carnegie In
stitute of Technology and sponsor of
the International coal meeting.
"There are great deposits of low
grade coal In America which, when
subjected to certain processes, can be
transformed into higher-priced prod
ucts.
"Abstract research, " he added, "I»
likely to be more profitable than aol*
tag th« everyday problem*."
GRAHAM, N, C., THURSDAY NOVEMBER 25, 1926.
Mocfihrn Methods
Add to Profits
Farm Income Can Be Mate
rially Increased by Ad
dition of Machines.
fPtipared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.)
That farm profits can be materially
Increased by the application of ma
chinery and new methods is the con
clusion of the advisory council ap
pointed by Secretary Jardlne in con
nection with the Department of Agri
culture's study of mechanical farm
equipment After a year's work the
council met with Secretary Jardlne
in Washington recently to discuss
progress and future work.
Undeveloped Fields.
The report shows that there are un
developed fields In many directions,
over 400 "projects being listed for
study. Important co-operative work
Is now being done to develop machin
ery and methods to eradicate the Eu
ropean corn borer, which has become
a national menace. Othet outstanding
projects which it is hoped will be un
dertaken soon are the further exten
sion and application of the combined
harvester which harvests and t&eshes
grains in one operation, the develop
ment of bigger and better adapted
power-driven units for corn planting
and cultivation.
Jardine Approves Work Done.
The council finds that too little at
tention has been given researches on
farm mechanical equipment by state
and federal experiment stations. More
than four billions of dollars are now
Invested in this item and over three
hundred and thirty million dollars
were expended in 1925. On the aver
age, power and labor costs of farm
crop production make up about 60 per
cent of the total costs. These facts
indicate that even minor improve
ments in farm machinery will result
in large savings.
OAKS MORE GENERALLY USEFUL
FOR PLANTING ON ROADSIDES
Answer the Purpose Better
Than Other Kinds.
(Prepared br the United States Department
of Agriculture.)
«. Oaks are more generally useful for,
roadside planting than any other kind
of tree, says the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture. There are spe
cies of this tree native to nearly all
parts of the country. Maples are next
In importance for a large part of the
country, but as the most-used species
are not weU adapted for the purpose,
the selection must be carefully made.
The most promising trees for the
cooler dry regions are the green ash,
black locust, hackberry, thornless
honey locust and poplarg, with box
elder, willows and poplars for the ex
tremes of cold and drought, according
to Farmers' Bulletin 1482-F, "Trees
for Roadside Planting." In warm, dry
climates the eucalypts, gums, the
palms, the Jerusalem thorn and the
mesqulte are good.
Success in roadside tree planting,
says the bulletin, depends on properly
locating the plants along the highway,
selecting suitable varieties and ade
quately protecting them from thought
less persons, roving stock and insects
and diseases.
The best effects in roadside planting
are usually produced by giving the
predominant place to the common
plants of the neighborhood, using In
troduced plants in subordinate posi
tions. Next in desirability are plants
from regions having similar growing
conditions either In this country or
abroad.
The bulletin gives the characterls-
Feeding and Management
Chief Poultry Factors
Cold and roup are so common
that the average poultry man Is apt
to look upon thera an Inevitable. That
Is a mistake. It Is possible to avoid
catarrhal dls.orders to a great extent
If the housing conditions are right
and general methods of feeding and
management are what they should be.
It Is a great deal easier, moreover,
to prevent colds and roup than It Is
to cure them after they get started.
Take particular pains to see that the
birds are not exposed to drafts either
when they are on the floor or on their
perches. Give plenty of ventilation
but avoid exposing them to extremely
low temperatures through failure to
close the ventilating opening on the
approach of cold waves. Do not take
It for granted that the birds are safe
from drafts when on perches, regard
less of the type of house you may
have.
Secretary Jardine expressed ap
proval of the work done and stressed
the importance of the co-operating
agencies carrying it forward as rap
idly as possible. Progress has now
reached a stage where specific prolv
le*ns can be assigned to different agen
cies for solution^
The advisory council WHO appointed
by Secretary Jardlne In May, 1925, for
the study of reseurch in farm equip
ment. It Is composed of representa
tives of the National Association of
frarm Equipment Manufacturers, the
American Society of Agricultural En
gineers and representatives of the De
partment of Agriculture and has been
working under the direction of J. B.
Davidson, senior agricultural engineer
of the department. *
Egg Production Helped
by Protein in Winter
It Is generally recognized among
pouitrymen that winter eggs are the
most profitable. However, the question
that confronts many a poultry raiser
is how to get winter eggs. Those who
have been successful In the produc
tion of winter eggs declare that the
solution of the matter is the feeding
of an excessively rich protein diet to
the laying frock. There is one fact
that most poultry raisers overlook
and that Is, hens cannot lay eggs in
winter unless they are adequately fed.
Feed consumed by winter layers goes
for the maintenance of the body and
for the production of the eggs. How
everybody maintenance cotnes first
with egg production occupying a sec
ond place, consequently unless a
heavy diet is offered it may fall short
of filling the requirements of egg pro
duction. Hens have more work to do
in order to lay eggs in winter that*
any other time of the year; they must
furnish fuel for keeping themselves
warm.
tics of the different regions through
out the country and suggests trees
that may be expected to grow In each.
A copy of the publication may be ob
tained free, *as long as the supply ■
lasts, by writing to the United States
Department of Agriculture, Washing
ton, D. C.
Blackhull Wheat Fails
to Stand Cold Winters
Data collected at 13 experiment sta
tions In the United States and Can
ada by the United States Department
of Agriculture In co-operation with the
states of both countries shows that i
Blackhull \fclieat winter-killed 13 per_
cent more than Kanred or Turkey I
wheat >
Over a five-year period, 1921-1925,
the average survival of the Blackhull
was 45 per cent. Under the same conr
dltions the survival of Turkey was
59.5 per cent, and that of Kanred,
57.9 per cent —:- r
Although Blackhull la classed as a
hard red winter wheat and Is a heavy j
yielding variety, many millers claim ]
It does not mill as well as other hard |
wheats and therefore discriminate
against It
Materials
Poultry
According to the Nelrrrftka Cbmge
of Agriculture, chopped or shredded
corn or sorghum fodder makes Ideal
litter for the poultry house during tlfe
winter months, suggests Extension Cir
cular 1419, Farm Poultry Houses, of the
agricultural college at Lincoln. These
materials do not break up as quickly
as straw. The floor should be well cov
ered at all times and the house
cleaned several times during the win
ter.
A slope of about live Inches in twen
ty feet of a hard surface floor will
tend to keep the hens from piling the
llttej up In the hack of tbe house.
Windows near the floor at the back of
the house will do the same thing,
since a hen usually faces the light
when she scratches.
Provide More Room
In order to provide more room In
the hen house and lessen the chances
of disease in the flock, chicken rais
ers should set rid of all weak and
sickly birds. Many of the small, late
hatched pullets wiil never be profit
able egg layers. All tbe room that Is
available probably will be needed, as
the laying flock should be kept In the
house during the winter months. As
a general rule, four square feet of
floor space should be allowed for each
bird.
Dutch Colonial Type of Home Has
Both Dignity and Attractiveness
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liIPANTgYIiU I
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o.KITCHEN I i-X
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Hun Vrfl R'M' I j
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I PLACE
V PORCH
.1 20-o\e>'-cr
■■ ■■ ■■
First Floor Plan.
By W. A. RADFORD
Mr. William A. Radford will answer
questions ana (five advice FREE OF
COSt" on all problems pertaining to the
subject of building, for the readers of
this paper. • On account of his wide
experience as editor. Author and man
ufacturer, he Is, without doubt, the
highest authority 'on the, subject. Ad
dress all inquiries to William A. Rad
ford, Nq. 1827 -Prairie avenue, Chicago,
for reply.
There Is something about a Dutch
colonial home thnt gives Iti the ap
pearance of being a much larger
! house than It really Is. At first glance
i the h|>me shown In the illustration
looks like a large house, containing
many rooms. In reality this house
contains hut six rooms, but all are of
good size; each has numerous win
dows and, as a consequence, is well
ventilated.
The attractiveness of the interior
appearance of a Dutch colonial home
comes from the long, graceful sweep
of the roof, and the broken lines made
I Ecdßa 1 I ■
I it'-tfuiio' I
[ — HALL "Fl, J/_
' . . Ml l(-i\ ii-c"
I E>AICONY
Second Floor Plan.
by the wide dormers that are set In
either side of the roof. These dormers
give a _considerable amount of space
In the upstairs renins, and besides per
mit numerous windows that make
them light and airy. Another attrac
tive feature of this type of home Is
the central entrunce, usually having
a small open porch covered with an
artistic roof supported by colonial col
umns.
The house shown here Is 3.1 feet
wide and 24 feet deep. The entrance
leads into a central diall, on one side
of is the living room and on
the other the dining room. This ar
rangement brings both of these rooms
to the front of the house. In this home
the living room is 13 by 16 feet 6
'lnches. Note that the open porch that
adjoins the living be
reached either from the room itself
or from the washroom that la directly
NO. 42.
back of it. An open fireplace adds to
the comfort of this room in winter.
The dining room on the opposite
side of the house Is not quite so larg£
as the living room, but is 12 by 13
feet, a size that will accommodate a
rather large family.
Color of Wood Means
Much to Looks of Home
In any decorative scheme, don't for
get to consider the color of the wood
work.
When the wood used for window and
door trim Is oak, cypress, maple 01
birch or any wood with a beautiful
grain, a waterproof varnish will give
luster and bring out the grain.
Woods vary In shade from light to
dark brown or red. The color scheme
of the room should be kept in similar
tones or warm colors. Contrasting
colors can then be used In some of
the furnishings to give the room ani
mation.
Light woodwork Is very fashionable.
And there are excellent varnish stains
and enninels on the market that will
give Just the shade or tint in the wood
work that the color scheme of the
room .demands.
Varalsh stains color the wood nnl
let tlio\ grain show through. Enamels
give a \tlid coat of color that is rich
and sating in its texture. The range
of colors Is wide and manufacturers
give explicit directions for securing
any tint or shade desired. Of course
I lie most satisfactory flfrishes are ab
solutely waterproof and can be
washed without injury to gloss or
color.
Get Curtain Materials
Which Will Add Beauty
Keep always In mind In ths, selec
tion of materials for glass curtains
that anything having a yellow or
golden tone will do much to atone for
lack of sufficient sunshine in a dreary
or cold room. This is a fact so widely
recognized as to hardly need repeti
tion, but In similar fashion, and not
so well known, materials having a
rosy tone will lend an atmosphere of
warmth and cozlness to a living room
or any room where such an effect Is
desired. '
The cheerfulness of the "sunshine
tones," as all of the yellows and golds
and mellow tans are commonly called,
makes them particularly desirable for
most living rooms, bat there are times
when the subtlety of a faint orchid
color for sash curtains in a bedroom,
or delicate green in a dining room
or breakfast porch, will produce won
derfully pleasing results.
-J