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The Alamance gleaner --? ; ? J-" ~ ^ N0L' L111' GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY MARLH 10, 1927. * , NO. 5. ^olograph of Dr. Sacasa and His Cabinet This is the first picture to reach this country showing Dr. Juan Sacasa, revolutionary leader of Nicaragua, and his cabinet. Sacasa is seated in the center, behind the table. Migration of Birds Is Studied Large Specimens Fly by Day While Small Ones Journey at Night. Washington.?Scientists can only guess at the meaning of the arrival of the first robin in the spring or the southward flight of geese across the late autumn sky, In the opinion of I)r. Alexander Wetmore, assistant secre- < tary of the Smithsonian institution and president of the American Ornith ologists' union. Behind migration lie such a multitude of causes, reaching buck through the ages, that men have been unable to ascertain the truth. Constantly a student of bird life. Doctor Wetmore has made special studies in the Salt Lnke valley, the Big Horn basin In Wyoming, the pntn pas of Argentina, the coasts of Uru guay, the sand dunes of Bijenos Aires, and many other vantage points throughout the western hemisphere. Doctor Wetmore has written a book on the migrations of birds. Just,pub lished, in which he sums up his per sonal observations and correlates them with the findings of ornithologists for the last 200 years, with the result that a number of misunderstandings con cerning bird life are cleared up. Migration is Complex. "The entire act of migration is so utterly complex that no single factor may be ascribed as the absolute cause," Doctor Wetmore states, but he takes as his hypothesis that migration has arisen from movements induced by seasonal and climatic changes in certain species until it has become hereditary instinct, "a part of the life cycle of the Individual," and now actu ated by physiological conditions. "The habits of ages have become so well fixed that weather conditions now have little to do with the migrations a' birds, except to |>ermit them to travel or hold them back, as the case way he. Redstarts wintering in the West Indies, or wagtails spending the cold season in central Africa, notice no difference in temperature or climate conditions between November and April, yet In the hitter month tiiey regularly move north toward the sum fer home. In sucli matters as the speed of light of birds, the time of migration, lines of migration, sense of direction, Rnd mortality among migrant birds. Doctor Wetmore sets down many in teresting facts. Large birds, such us loons, cranes, ducks and hawks regu larly iiy by day, while the majority small birds, such as warblers, fly cgicliers and sparrows fly by night The chief factor here is the necessity on the part 0f the smaller birds to ""ok their food by dny, and not fear attack in -day flight. Fasting for -T Manhattan Boy Has Million on His Life -Vw York.?Frank Et Camp ''*11. Jr., fourteen, was dtaclosed r^ottntly as the most heavily insured boy in the world. His father, a New York undertaker, j has lust taken out a policy for j the boy for $1,000,000. The next highest insurance f?r a boy is that of Jackie Coo *5ln, lilm Star, who has a $650. ***' policy. The policy for young Camp hell is a 20-yeaf endowment. To Wr'te It required the co-opera tion of 37 insurance companies. a day Is no hardship for many of the larger birds. Migrating birds commonly fly at an altitude no higher than 3,000 feet, al though birds of strong flight have been known to reach an altitude of 29,000 feet. Contrary to common belief, flight becomes increasingly difficult as the bird rise? above 3,000 feet. Birds commonly fly nguinst or across a wind current, and are upset If they fly with a strong wind. As to the speed of birds. Doctor Wetniore destroys a number of illusions. The' smaller perching birds fly at from 20 to 37 miles per (lour, while nucks and geese range from 42 to 59 miles. Most birds are probably capable of doubling their normal speed for short distances, but the greatest speed recorded was that of the common swift of Eurasia, ob served from an airplane to be making 70 miles an hour in normal flight. Sense of Direction. The ability of birds to maintain di rections unfailingly and to return year after year to the same spot front great distances, as many do, is as cribed by Doctor .Wetniore to a sense of direction which is no more explic able than a similar sense of direction in some men and other mammals. The greatest traveler among the birds is the Arctic tern, which makes an 11,000-mile Journey twice a year from the Arctic to the Antarctic and return. Among others that range widely are tree, sparrows, juncos, brown creepers, golden-crowned king lets, robins, grackles, coWbirds, and various species of ducks, which nest In the northern parts ?of the United States or in Canada and winter near the Gulf of Mexico. One aid in obtaining data on bird habits lias been the banding of birds, which was begun scientifically by C C. Mortensen in Denmark in 189/ Banding In the United States is now under the direction of the bureau of biological survey of the Department of Agriculture. Adult birds are trapped without injury and the young birds ure not molested. Doctor Wetmore concludes that while In the last fifty years many un certainties have been cleared away In regard to migration, we must look to tbe future to explain definitely the basic reasons for It, the cause of the varying? lengths of the Journey made by different birds, and the method of orientation. Four of One Family in Same University Class Rio, Wis.?F6ur students in the uni versity from tiie same family at the same time is unusualv but when they all four are in the same class it is more than unusual. That, however, is the case at the ^University of Wisconsin, where two daughters and two sons of James Caldwell, lumberman of Rio, are In the freshman class. The two girls, Mabel and Bernice. are twins, eighteen years old. They are in the college of letters and science. The boys are Byron, twenty, and Don ald, twenty-one. Byron is in the com merce department and Donald major ing geology. Late Queen Liliuokalani's State Documents Found Honolulu.?Valuable historical ma terial has been uncovered In collec tions recently presented to the archives of Hawaii. Among the most important documents are state and personal let ters formerly in the possession of Queen Llliuokalanl, Hawaii's latest monarch. Col. C. P. Iaukea, former chamberlain of King Kalawuua. has placed in the archives a collection re luting to the European visits of the king about 1884. No Wonder Army Officers Resign Army officers stationed at Camp Meade, Md.. say that war was never as l>n<! as living In the ramshackle bull.Unas they are forced to Inhabit With ? view to Improving the housing conditions of the officers and enlisted men of the army, Hanford MacXIder (center), assistant secretary of war and Mai Gen. B. F. Cheatham, quartermaster general, visited the camp and are shown at the entrance of the "lieautifHl mansion" of one of the officers. On the rieht Is CoL 0. S. Eskfldge, commandant at Camp Meade. THEIR i ARBOR DAY ROMANCE I ===== By MILDRED GOODRIDCE - - - ?" (Copyright by W O. Chapmsn.) IT WAS u cruel net. tlmt of cross grained, prejudiced old John Marsh, when he parted his dnugh ter and Eustace I-ee. They hud grown up as boy and girl. They had kissed each other for the first time under two spreading elm trees. She was sixteen. Eustace was two years her senior then. She had blushed, hut with happiness. He was all a-thrlll with courage, love and hope. "Dear," he spoke tenderly, "do you remember that Arbor day six years ago when we planted these trees? They were saplings then. Just as they have grown in strength, so has my love for you. Now I am going away. Oh, I hope when I return I will be prepared to take you In my arms as your future husband. Just as these growing branches entwine and pro tect." "It shall be so If my fidelity can bring that happiness about," pledged Elaine, softly, perfect faith and affec tion In her true blue eyes. It was then that, with the vehe mence of an onrushlng storm, her fa ther came upon them. He thrust the fond lovers rudely apart. Then he burst^Torth Into bitter abuse of young Dee. He taunted him with his pov erty, he paraded his own great wealth. He' ordered him from the place, never to return. "As to you," he shouted fiercely nt his daughter, "remember your promise to your (lying mother that you would never leave me while I lived. Think of one sister, who married a heartless scoundrel and was killed by his neg lect. Think of the other, an alien, a lonely divorced woman. No, no?not to one your Inferior, never to anyone will I allow you to go and leave me unless It be with my curse and disin herited In my will!" "My pledge to my mother Is still sacred." spoke Elaine simply, hut 1^ heart-broken tones, "flood-by. Eus tace my only love! We shall never meet again, but I swear solemnly that of you, and of you only, I shull think until I die." "And I!" cried Eustace T.ee?"the memory of your love I will value and cherish more than all the world of women besides!" _ Then a last sight of Elaine fainting In her father's arms, of the malignant ly scowling face of the old tyrant, and Eustace Lee set out to enter a new life with only the promise of the wom an he loved as a guerdon to keep hint steadfast and true. It was Ave years later when he re turned to his native village. He had left It an orphan/ poor, with his own way to make In the world unassisted. He came back a skilled architect of no little fame. It was to find the old Marsh home burned down Its former occupants reported traveling abroad. 1n constant search of health for the sour, complaining old man wlfhse money brought him no solace or hap piness. The beautiful grounds lay neglected and overgrown with weeds. They had but one attraction for Eustace. The two trees beneath which he and Elaine, boy and girl, had plighted their troth, had thrived and grown. The spot became a mecca to Eustace. Under the spreading branches he would sit for hours, dreaming of his absent sweetheart, wondering if she had Changed, himself so true to her memorv that no other woman had ever won him to a sinlle of fondness. He doubted If he would ever see Elaine again. He wondered If she had forgotten him and had married. It was like l,er dictatorial father, with his world worship and money pride, to esteem an alliance with some titled foreigner; Elaine was beautiful, and what more natural? Then Euataee sought to bnnlHh the suggestion and ease the pain of his longing by work, hard work. To the town and the district a great many wealthy people had come to build sum mer homes. His ability as an archi tect brought him In more work than he could attend to. His force of as sistants grew. He made money but did not. change his modest ".ode of living. Wealth, comfort, luxury with out Elaine were as naught. Eustace had been away for a week, superintending the construction of a clubhouse at a distance, and showed op at his office to be greeted with a good business welcome from his inan 8g"Oulte an order. Mr. I.ee." he said, briskly. "They are going to build on the old Marsh lot." '' -Who are 'they'T' Inquired Eustace, his pulses ever quickening at any al lusion to the spot where he had first met Elaine. "Bless me If I know! A city lawyer has the matter In charge He has carte blanche as to expenditure, he represent* He wa? a hard customer to suit." "How so?" inquired Eustace with suppressed but vital interest. "Made me go over all our plana. Just by chance I happened to unroll that special one you always said would be the kind of n place you would build if you ever got that far. I told him about it. He seemed to take j it as an evidence that it must be Ideal i 'if it represented your artistic Ideas, lugged it away to the city to show his client and was back promptly. 'Build it,* was his simple order. 'Let Mr. Lee give It special attention from start to finish,' and went to the bank and deposited the entire amount of the cost estimate." Many a time in a task that went on, as in u dream life, Eustace Lee won dered If coincidence, fate, were at work that the borne he had blocked out In fancy, always with Elaine as its queen, should have been ordered for the beloved spot so dear to him. Could it be that any of the Marsh family designed to return to the town? He dreumed, he marveled, he hoped. A great deep longing was in his heart as one evening he stood before the new structure, all finished. Even the grounds had been renovated, There, too,s were the two trees, sur rounded by a pretty parterre of flow ers. Almost the tears came to his eyes, for all this appeared as the ful fillment of the fondest dream of his life. The lawyer In the city was notified of the completion of the house. Then there came a telegram to the office. The owner of the new home would bev down on the evening train and would meet Mr. Lee on the grounds to take possession. It was a beautiful moonlit evening as Eustace walked from his home In the direction of the new villa. His thoughts were sad. for the work had occupied his mind, it so reminded him of his lost love. The beautiful struc ture and lovely grounds were irradi ated with a liquid light that lent n | dreamy effect to the scene. Eustace expected that the laywer ami Ids client would he about the porch, hut found them not. Then suddenly he gave a great start and stared weirdly in the direction of the two trees. He strained Ids vision to view a female figure standing di rectly beneath their branches. It was quiescent, statuelike, yet it seemed j to exercise some indefinable Influence that drew 1dm toward the spot. Slow ly he advanced, nearer and nearer he approached n girlish form robed in white, statuelike In pose; hut true blue eyes and a longing smile showed forth from the lovely face. "Elaine!" he cried In a gasp, and al- ! most reeled where he stood. x She put forth both hands. He was ' all a-tremble as he Inclosed them In his own. She transfixed his gaze. Thus in silence, rapturous, intense, they stood for some moments. "You?you have returned," he man- j aged to utter, Incoherently, at Inst. "As you see," responded the sweet tranquil tones of yore. . "And?alone?" Her glance fell, as her face sad- j dened. A tear stole down her cheek, i "My futher died six months ago," j she said. I "And?and others?" he questioned. I stumbling, breathlessly. "There are no ot Iters." res (winded Elaine. "There was only you. Through ! all the years I wondered If you re membered our pledge. I come to the f city; and found?and found " "That you alone filled my heart?" . cried Eustace. "Oh, my cherished love! Can you not understand that. i and. true to the end, had you passed by, my heart would quiver uruler your feet had It lain for a century dead!" ? Site turned toward the Iteautlfnl house, her face radiant in the white [aire moonlight. Sire drew closer, closer Into Ids sheltering arms, as she murmured rapturously: "Your home?mine!" Relic of Czar Unhonored Until recently the hiHtoric dining ear wherein Nicholas* II wan forced Id alsm hi* abdication In March, 1H17. h.-y been sddetracked near the Novy Peterhof station. wiiere it failed to at tract any particular curloalty. The car had been turned over to an official scientific body known a* the Olnv naouku for presiervatioii a* a relic. We are now advised that, a* a mea* | are of economy and to help out in the | shortage of rolling sitock. the Glnvna ouka hu* returned the car to the coin missariat of railway* for ^eueral serv Ice, retaining as a souvenir of tbe Ini i perial debacle only the small table ar j which the late czar seated himself tf sicn away his tbroOC.?- VYoiq UEoropt Nouvelle, I'arl* (Translated for th* Kansas City Star. . "In God We True?' A New Kngland minister wlien buy ing a inat for his front porch selected one bearing the Inscription "In Ood We Trust." To avoid !>elng responsi ble for leading anyone Into temptn- j tlon, he also bought a strong chain , with which to fasten the mat to the j floor. ?? / WHAT TO SEE IN JAVA m. Javanm Women on the Way to Market. (Prepared by tha National Geographic ** Society. Washington. D. C.) JAVA, lying far off In the eastern seas, almost a world upart from Europe and America, has empha sized the Twentieth century *?i quickening of communications and the ?asy How of Ideas by recently having its Bolshevist troubles. These seem. However, to have been pretty well suppressed. The very recent emergence of the Javanese from serfdom no doubt In freases the desire for greater freedom Among the small group of the edit fated; but the close association of the vast mass of the uneducated with the ?oll?a virtual peonage?Is a jwwerful .'orce toward conservatism. Java Is a favored Isle in many ways Its entire urea, equal to that of New Vork state, lies within nine degrees of the equator. Java Is the richest of :he Dutch Kust Indies and also the iiost densely populated; the number it inhabitants amounts to as many as 1,000 jK?r square mile in some districts. Aside from the sprinkling of Euro 0SMM and Chinese, the native popula :lon numbers more than .10.000,000. These oil belong to the Malay race and almost without exception profess the religion of Islam. Batavia, on the low-lying north roast. Is the capital of Ja\H as well as Its metropolis and the great emporium for trade among the Islands and be tween them and the mother country. The Netherlands. It Is a great, sprawling town with numerous ware houses to take the place of the "fac tories" of the early days of Dutch Activity In the East. There are canals, too. In true Dutch fashion. In the old town. Few Europeans, live there now. It Is given over almost wholly to trade, and serves as well as a residence sec tion for Javanese, Chinese. Indians. Arabs and Malays. Farther Inland on higher ground lie the quarters of Eu ropeans, chiefly Dutch, of course. This white man's section has l?n?ad are* nue* and low houses empowered In trees and shrubbery. There are parks, green and colorful i with the luxuriant growths of the' tropics. Near one of these is an Im posing building of clussieal design, the Museum of the Batnvian Society of Arts and Sclenees. The copper ele phant on a pedestal In front of the building was a gift from the king of Slain, presented on the occasion of his visit some years ago. This museum contains the finest ethnological collec tion of any Institution In the Far East. Good Hotels for Tropica. The rising sun warns the traveler of the approach of noon nnd he turns down side street In search of the welcome coolness of a hotel. As n rule the hotels In Java are clean, well kept hnd admirably designed to meet the requirements of a tropical climate. They usually consist of a main build- j Ing, openly constructed, so as to admit ! the passing breeze, with wings con taining ' the sleeping rooms. The charges In Java are much cheaper than in other parts of the East. The Java hotels furnish a great treat to i gourmets?thgt famous gastronomic In stitution known as the rijst tafel or rice-table. r One takes his seat in a spacious pa I vlllon and Is brought soup by mi army of beturbuned Malays. Then large, deep plates are brought, on each supply of rice. On top of this basic stratum two Inches deep the diner Is expected to place an extraordinary variety of vegetables, curries, dried fish, eggs, fowls and meat flavored with a variety of psppery condiments. A sail of 36 hours from Ratavlj brings one to Soerabaya, the moat important seaport in Java, with a goo<i liarhor at the mouth of the Solo river. Ships anchor offshore and passengers embark in one of the native boats and make their ways amid the crowded shipping to the landing stage. A It hough commercially of great Im portance, Soernhayn Is hot and pre-' scuts few attractions to the visitor. There Is an air of bustling activity In the streets which seems to verify the city's -eputation for alertifess and ascendency In the mechanical arts. A two hours' ride by rail from Soern hnya through .1 densely tropical region lands the traveler at Pnsourouan. There he may get the real flavor of back-country travel by entering the curious carts of the country culled dos-n-doa, and set not for the delight ful mountain resort of Tosari. Java's Simla. Ever ascending, the road lends past miles of rice and sugar fields to a pretty little hotel on the lower slopes of the mountain range, witere one may rest. The remainder of the climb to Tosari Is too steep for vehicles, so horses and palanquins are used for the final stage of the Journey. Tosari Is a delightful resort. A ao Journ of several days In the salubrious air of the mountains renews one for life or travel In the plains. A walk along the single street of the village gives some Idea of the mode of life of these mountaineers, who are quite dis tinct from their neighbors of the lower valleys. Here are found the home* of the Tenggerese. that hardy tribe who. at the time of the Moslem Invasion, retreated to these mountain strong holds and successfully defended their homes against the Invaders. The lofty location of Tosari. perched on a flank of the Tengger massif at an elevation of 5,480 feet above sea level. Invites one. by Its Invigorating air, tA undertake walking trips and mountaineering excursions, which in other parts of the island would be out of the qflestlon. Lots of Volcanoat. Two of these Jaunts which are most I Interesting are the trips.to the crater of the active volcano and to the sum mit of I'enandjaan, a loftier eminence which corainunds an extensive view of the eastern part of the Island. Volcanoes and Java are subjects ! that cannot be divorced. Volcano I made In the first place, and constantly > being remade by them, Java has more ! volcanoes than any area irl Its size In the world. Estimates of the active | ami extinct craters range from 100 to ! I V. Everywhere In Java. In the huge crater lakes. In fissures that now are river bed*. even In ancient temples, ! half finished when Interrupted by some fiery convulsion, are evidence* of cataclysmic forces. The "treacherous Klot," as the na | lives call It. all but wiped out the 1 town of Britar In 1919. but even Its devastation was mild compared to the violent upheaval of Krakutoa'ln 1883 Then Mother Nature turned anarchist and planted a fiargantuan Infernal ma chine on the doorstep of Java. Krh katoa Is a little Island In the Bund* strait, between Sumatra and Java. Java Is extremely fertile?made sc by Its numerous volcanoes* those much-maligned beneficent foredfc. The entire Island Is the most luxuriant garden spot In all the world. It la ac densely populated that Its Inhabitaqft must till the soli, and cannot pllKfc their food, from trees aa In some South Sea Isles. But they do Uvetty a aithj mum of labor and they require for shelter only a roof ever that*
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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March 10, 1927, edition 1
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