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The Alamance gleaner 1 ^ . ? * ? * VOL. LII1. GRAHAM, N, C., THURSDAY JULY 14, 1927. . NO. 24. HAPPENNINGS OF THE WEEK ~~| NEWS REVIEW OF CURRENT EVENTS United States and Japan Oppose British Cruiser Demands. By EDWARD W. PICKARD BRITTANIA rales the waves, and she Intends to go on ruling them, if the efforts and arguments of her representatives at the Oeneva naval limitation conference are a true indi cation of the national spirit. Last week the conferees devoted them selves to the subject of cruisers, earnestly discussing the conclusions reached by the naval experts and, at this writing, having reached nothing like an agreement As was explained a week ago, the British demanded a mlnmtim of 000,000 tons of cruisers, most of them preferably below 7,ij00 tons each, on the ground that their world-wide commerce lanes and their need of protecting the home food sup ply required this, and evidently be cause their innumerable naval bases would enable the vessels of restricted cruising radius to operate anywhere. America wanted the limit put at 250, 000 tons and said the United States needed vessels of 10,000 tonnage, not having adequate naval bases abroad. Her delegates, however, in the effort to make the conference a success, of fered tentatively to make the maximum limit 400,000 tons. 'men tne Japanese, wno previously tad supported the British desire to have the battleship program revised, surprised every one by coming out strongly against the British cruiser de mands. Having received cabled in structions from Tokyo, Admiral Saito announced that the original minimum American figures of 250,000 tons as the maiimpm cruiser tonnage for America and Britain were quite acceptable to Japan. At the same time he declared the British figures, totaling approxi mately COO.OOO tons, are out of the question so far as the Tokyo govern ment is concerned. "Japan is anxious to achieve a real reduction and limitation of arma ments," Admiral Saito said. "We find the figures in the American plan most reasonable. Japan believes' the mini mum American figures should be adopted rather than the higher ton nage, which, by promoting construc tion. would increase armaments. The other suggestions of vastly larger ton nage, which would require the other interested powers to build up to these high levels, would defeat the purpose of the conference." "We would never dare get off the Ooat in Japan If we accepted the Brit ish scheme," one Japanese delegate said. Much taken aback, the British dele Sates said they woold look over their fl&ures again to see what possible al terations could be made with a view to further discussions. Observers in Geneva and official Washington see in the British demand 'or at least 550,000 tons of cruisers a manifestation of the British insistence on preserving the mastery of the seas. Lord Robert Cecil and his colleagues, i toey say, are convinced that, though j America would be granted parity with England, our congress would not per mit the building of so large an Ameri can navy for reasons of economy and b^aune the United States has no fear ?f war with Great Britain. Indeed. Viscount Cecil said as much last week. "America does not fear us; America knows there is no possibility of war with Great Britain?then why does Washington insist on limiting our 0Jvy below the strength the admiralty states we require?" he said. "We must have the cruisers we demand. The admiralty insists they are essentia! to defense." Concerning the United States' demand for 10.000-ton cruiser, "* asked: "But why does America these boats? What possible po Jftial enemy can she hare in mind 'Of such weapons?" "ie experts' sessions concerning ""marines the United States won * n r-feat Britain's efTorts to have 1^ch fahber torpedoes reduced were __ *** and the Anglo-Japanese pro **sls to divide snbmartnes into twcj classes?coast defense craft of about COO tons and fleet submersibles capa ble of going to sea with a combat squadron approximating 1,000 tons, were abandoned. The experts decided merely to limit the size of the largest submarines and set 1,800 tons as the tentative maximum. China's voice was heard in the con ference for the first time when Chao i Hsin-chu, representative in the coun I cil of the league of Nations, made this announcement: "It is repeatedly reported In the press of the Far East that the naval conference may also consider ques tions relating to China. I therefore have been requested by the Chinese national government and the people to state that the republic will refuse to recognize any decision affecting Chine which may be arrived at by the , present, or any other conference in ] which China is not represented, par ticipating equally in the delibera tions." PRESIDENT COOLIDGE had a lot of fun last week, mixed up with business. In the first place he cele brated his fifty-fifth birthday on the birthday of the nation, receiving in numerable messages of congratula tion. eating a wonderful cake and re ceiving the mounted boy scout troop from Custer. The lads presented to the President a beautiful bay mare and a complete cowboy outfit of cloth ing. and he promptly donned the elab orate regalia. Next day. still wearing his cowboy hat, he attended the Tri State Itoundup at Bellefourche. Mrs. Coolidge acompanied him. and they enjoyed hugely the doings of the wild riders, Indians in war dress, cowboys and trick riders gathered from all parts of the West. The Chief Execu tive had ignored protests from organ ized sentimentalists against what they called the "commercialized cruelty" of the rodeo. Wednesday Mr. Coolidge put on his chaps and took a long ride on his new mare. Most important of the week's vis itors at the summer White House was Ambassador Sheffield, who conferred with the President on the Mexican situation, reporting fully on condi tions in the neighboring republic, and presumably also discussing the ques tion of his resignation. He has been wanting for a year to give up his post and the time may be considered op portune. John J. Garrett of Maryland and Silas Strawn have been men tioned as successor to Mr. Sheffield. COMMANDER BYRD and the other members of the crew of the trans atlantic plane America were the re cipients of many honors in Paris, and the commander w.as awarded the cross of the Legion of Honor. The aviators booked passage for return to the United States starting July 12. Byrd says he plans to lead a two plane expedition to the Antarctic in the fall which will spend perhaps a year and a half in procuripg informa tion about the continent at the South pole. Clarence Chamberlin also planned immediate return to the Unit ed States by steamer, having declined to pilot the Columbia back, but Charles A. Levine said he was hunt ing {or a French pilot who would bring him home on the big plane. GENERAL CHEN and a large part of his Chinese army went ever to the Nationalists and as a result the southerners gained possession of most of Shantung province and at last reports Were but a few miles from Tsingtao. The northern forces were still holding Tsinanfu. the capital, and a narrow strip north of the Yellow river. Conditions In Shantung were such that Japan decided to send two thousand more Japanese troops from Dairen to Tsingtao. and a hundred military railway men and telegraphers also were hurried Into that region. This movement further enraged the Chinese against the Japanese and caused them to forget their animosity against the British. KING FUAD of Egypt, whose sov ereignty was threatened recently by Great Britain, went to London on a state visit and was received with great pomp by King George, the royal family and the government. He was accompanied by Premier Sarwat Pasha, and the British foreign ofliee undertook to work out with him a treaty which should settle the rela ??J tions between Egypt and Great Britain for years to come. This plan, however, was opposed by Lord Lloyd, British commissioner In Egypt, who believes the parliamentary regime there will collapse before long and that the Brit ish will then have to revive the pro tectorate. King Fuad is entirely sub servient to the British, but Sarwat Pasha is said to be under the influ ence of Zaghloul Pasha, the National ist leader, who opposes the surrender | of Egyptiao claims to Independence. THOUGH stories of counter-revolu tionary movements in Russia are often not trustworthy, those coming now are too numerous and too de tailed to be ignored. The revival of the Red terror by the Soviet rulers has failed to jterrify their opponents and the anti-British campaign con ducted by the government does not distract the attention of the popula tion from domestic to foreign ques tions. In secret meetings held In cen tral Europe the couriers of the coun ter-revolution reported a tremendous Increase in the dissensions among the Bolshevik leaders, with a new man rising in the background as a lieuten ant of M. Stalin, present dictator of Moscow policies. He Is M. Eliawa, formerly a quiet member of the party but steadily gaining influence over M. Stalin, since he, too. Is a former south Russian peasant Meanwhile 50,000 counter-revolutionists have succeeded in smuggling themselves into Russian factories. AT LAST D. C. Stephenson, former ruler of the Indiana Ku Klux klan and now a life^convlct, has told to the authorities his story of alleged corruption in Hoosier politics, and the people of the state are awaiting a grand explosion. Stephenson made his revelations to Prosecuting Attorney W. H. Remy of Indianapolis, and that official declined to tell what he heard until he is ready for action. Indian apolis newspapers asserted that Ste phenson "told all"; that he hit high and low officialdom; that he revealed how he managed and paid for the campaign of Gov. Ed Jackson; that he told of ruling the legislature, dictat ing which bills should pass and which should die; that he played a stellar role in the election of Mayor John I? Duval! of Indianapolis; that he dab bled In the election of a United States senator, and much more along thai line. On the other hand, Stephenson's at torney declared that his client's only charges had to do with the pending prosecution of Mayor Duvall. The ex grand dragon himself said in part: "There's a little seat In the chair shop next to me that Is vacant, and I expect to have company before long. I have not blown the entire lid off the Indiana situation. Remy did not In sist that I do so. The rest will come later, and I promise that when the entire truth is told there will be a clean-up in this state that will startle the country and will benefit the state Immeasurably." Republicans of New Jersey, in state convention, overrode the de cision of their resolutions committee and the protests of the women dele gates and wrote Into their platform a plank calling for a Volstead law ref erendnm similar to thar passed by the voters of New York last fall. The de bate was bitter, the final vote being 67 to 18. It Is believed the action will have an Important benrlng on the gu bernatorial and senatorial elections of 1928. The New Jersey Democrats also held their convention and adopted a platform demanding the right to make and consume light wines and heer. Atlantic city had one 0f its most disastrous tires In years Nearly one block of the famous Board Walk was wiped out and eight hotels and rooming bouses went up In flames. More than five hundred per sons were made homeless, and many excursionists lost their belongings. Announcement was made in an article under New York Ameri can copyright that Henry Ford has or dered bis publication, the Dearborn Independent, to discontinue all arti cles hostile to Jewish people. Ford makes a statement which Is air apology to the Jews for admitted injuriona at tacks. ,r?n? Navy Men to Make Parachute Leap **ehnm. N. J?Air* F. Starr has rJW ? hundred men "to die?and J* "Te" Starr ia "professor of high * Vacation " at the navy's only para tt?* school ?S latest class of eight has Just J"** Itaelf competent of packing routes and Jnmptog with them, r* UK "profeaaor," who. to navy par 2"; l? chief boatswain's mate, feels """shly prood that oooe of his | boys has "fallen down" In his studies. Starr, reteran of ninety or more Jntnps from every type of aircraft. Including the Shenandoah, the Los Angeles, land planes, seaplanes and kite balloons, still keenly remembers his flrst leap Into space. He bad been a witness of a fatal Jump a few days before his turn came. And bis suspense was heightened by being forced to wait fbr a companion to leap. Starr was tbankfnl that the Interval before his Jump was short enough to release his parachute. His first thought afterward was that "dying was not so bad after all. for a deathlike stillness prevails around you once you have left the plane, and to me this stillness denoted only one thing. Miat I bad been killed These drops were made from an altitude of iooo feet, and no more surprised or happy person ever lived than myself when, after a rather severe shock on landing. I found myself walking around absolutely unhurt" i * n PRINCESS AND FAIRY PRINCE (@ by D. J. Walsh.) PAULINE had Just two great in terests In lite. One was a love for fairy stories that amounted to an enthusiasm to the nth power and the other was the absorb ing passion for wandering through old second-hand sboin where she bought something now and again. The fairy tales she no longer read, of course, being grown op and now In the so-called business world. But she never could forget about fairy tales ?especially the happy endings, where the girl always was found by the fairy prince and they lived happily ever af ter. I'auline entertained the secret belief that she, too, would some day meet a fairy prince dressed like an ordinary young American business man. "But I'll know him for the prince when I see him," I'auline would tell herself with shining eyes as she brushed her hair to a glossy silkl ness. "And there'll be no more rush ing through breakfast to get a crowded street car; no more lunch lag In twenty minutes in a cafeteria where a thousand persons can be seat ed at once, reminding one of?of cows at lunch 1 No, and there'll be no more rushing after 5:30 to get a seat, and? oh, bah! Instead I'll be getting up In the morning, pulling the shades up high to get the morning sun, running the vacuum around to clean up nicely and cooking delectable little suppers for two?" And Pauline would dream away a few minutes, In which she was the fairy princess pursued by the fairy prince. But all of that was mere "maybe" dreaming. At the present time Pau line had only a room, third floor rear; a room which she furnished herself and kept tidy to the queen's taste. The various little trifles and curios which she had bought at the second hand shops needed some sort of cabi net to guard them or at least hold them together. For this purpose Pau line bad purchased a hanging wall case of brilliant red lacquer. Strangely enough, she had not no ticed the long, slender space in the center of It?a space which really needed some tall, slender figure to All It nicely. After the wall-case was In place she noticed this, but among all the little trifles she possessed there was nothing to fit the space. ine next day being Saturday she set out tor her favorite second-band shop, an excess of 55 cents In her purge. She would find something In expensive to fill that space while she saved up for some fitting piece to tnlte the central place In ber cabinet There was a tiny wedgewood Jar of dull, blue with dusty white figures dancing toward a sun dial. The dealer asked only 00 cents for It, which was cheap enough except that she had only fifty five. There were little figurines, aDy one 6f which might have filled the place, but Pauline liked none of them. "I want?oh, I don't know exactly what I want but III know when I see It," she murmured, "I Just want some little thing?inexpensive." "Say, you want s figure?" asked the man shrewdly. "I have Just the thing and?and? ril give It to yon," he said excitedly. "Here?take It!" He beld up a tiny Buddha figure, which was very ugly and very heavy and?strangely enough?the exact size to fit her space. "Yon not?what you call?super stitious?" he asked anxiously. "It bring bad luck. I have It three days now and," he shrugged, "not one sale. Bad-luck Buddha, they call him. A man In Minneapolis sent blm to me. A man In Fargo sent It there; Seattle was before that?and bad luck, bad luck, bad luck fellow beem every where! I?I am not what you call superstitious, and so I told my fren', but?three days and not a sale! You take heem? I give heem to you"?he lapsed Into broken English and dropped his bead on his chest. "I can't take It, but 111 pay?what? Flftv cents?" "A quarter," nld he magnanimous ly. "The man In Fargo waa?killed. The man In Minneapolis fonnd a bomb ?Jnat In time?take heem?a gift" Bnt in the end Pauline triumphant ly carried home the little figure and atlll had 30 cents In her parae. It waa eery, eery heavy, considering Its size. The shop owner reluctantly agreed that It looked to blm like solid silver, bnt In spite of that fart be was delighted to be rid of It lie even followed her to the door and said doubtfully that he hoped nothing 111 would befall her as be liked to keep his regular customers! Even that however, failed to damp en Pauline's enthusiasm. She scrubbed It good with her hand-brush In the bathroom before she pet It Into the red lacquer cake. Then cross-legged, she eat on her UtUe bernfled day bed that turned Into a regular bed at night and surveyed It. Then she shook her head In bewilderment. Why that had been suld to bring bad luck was past all understanding. Mutely sat the Buddhu regarding something In the air before him. A banging on her room door startled her. "Come." she said with an ease which she did not feel. The door burst open ami a red headed young man stood there blink ing at her In the light to which his eyes were as yet unaccustomed after the dimness of the hallway. "Got that Buddha?" he demanded hoarsely. "Bight here," she said. Indicating the silver figure In the case. He ran toward it, lifted It down and then mopped his face with his hand kerchief. "It's all right," he said, "It's all right!" He twisted the nose of the Buddha now and the fare parted from the buckhead. He sank down on the floor, did this' red-lieaded young man, and from the Interior of the sti ver figure dropped dozens and dozens of glittering gems. "Just like a fairy story," murmured Pauline In amazement. The red-headed young man smiled widely. "You've saiil It and?" he looked at her now with a long, long look. One might have thought him Incapable of moving his eyes. "I?I've chased after this silver Buddha over two continents and now I've found It I and?and you. too." Pauline stared at him. "You'll get twenty thousand out of this/' said the amazing young man. He looked quickly at her left hand, bare. 'Til?I'll be back?you'll be here In an hour?" he begged. "We could take in a movie. Old Crader told me where you lived and I?say. I got up here In Just no time. Sacred jewels these are?worth a fortune outside of their Intrinsic value and? and?you'll be reudy?In an hour?" Pauline felt like the last scene in a "movie" thriller and as he rose to his feet she took the card he -beld out. She glanced at It only when he wus at the door. On If it s:ii.l: F. PRINCE Royal Detective Agency. She went to the door and called softly: "What-?.what I* your first name?" "Fred." he called back. "Why?" Rut Pauline did not tell him until a long time afterward anything about the princess and the fairy prince. Trodden by Pioneert A century after the first settlements In America were established It was evident that the future of the country depended upon overcoming the barrier of the Appalachian mountains and the great forests that clothed them. New colonists pushed Inland along the riv ers and later struck Into the mighty forests from the head of navigation. They followed the Indian trails which they found, and these trails came Into general use. Thus Nemacolin's path, which Washington followed on his mis sion to the French (1754). was the forerunner of Bruddock's trail (1755) and the National road. The Kittan ning path up the Juniata to the A! legheny furnished the route of Forbes* trail (I75S). The Warrior's path from the Shenandoah valley through the Cumberland gap to the falls of the Ohio became Bonne's Wilderness road (1700), over which Kentucky was settled, and the Iroquois trail from Albany to Lake Erie developed Into the Great Genesee road. And Garret Rent Free The West Virginia legislature has established the post of poet-laureate for that state and fixed the salary of the Incumbent at $900 a year. That seems like a heap o( money for a poet. The state will have only Itself to blame If It turns the head of some promising young artist. Given $000. a poet who Isn't too prolific can buy all of his copy paper, typewriter rib bons and postage: end outside of that he will have nothing to do but work for a living. Sheep-Killing Doge After a dog ha* once- killed sheep It seemingly become* a mania with blm and he I* seldom. I* ever, broken of the habit. He not only destroy* sheep himself, but leads other dogs to do ao. No consideration should be given to such a dog. If additional losses from the source are to be ?voided, the dog should he killed as soon as his habit Is known.?Ex change. A Small Lock In the days of Queen Elizabeth. Mark Scallot. a blacksmith, made a lock consisting of II pieces of brass. Iron, and steel, all of which, together with the key, weighed but one grain. He also made a gold chain with 43 links, and when be had finished It be attached It to the lock snd key. put the chain round a flea, and that nimble Insect easily drew the lot. Olympic Victory The first Olympic team that ever represented the Cnlted States In the revival of the Olympic games at Ath ena, woo Its first victory April 5, 1898. ms$?f <&**?? Th? Colosseum st Rons. trweparea or in* National ?J?o*raDnic Society. Washington. D. C.> IN THE Colosseum In Rome where many hundreds of early Christians were crunched by wild beasts under the sanction of an ancient Roman government, Rome's present-day government recently re placed a huge wooden cross commemo rating the martyrs. The cross, orig inally placed by Pope Benedict XIV in 1740, had been absent since 18G2. This great amphitheater, shown In In numerable pictures, is probably the most familiur ruin in the world, l The Colosseum is a monument to a highly civilized people's brutality?a depth of brutality that is hardly con ceivable from the point of view of the Twentieth century. The huge strue tqre was built deliberately to furnish the best facilities for three classes of spectacles: fights to the death be tween armed men, fights between wild beasts, and fights between men and beasts. (iladinforinl combats bad developed from customs of primitive Roman days when on the death of a man of note, all his slaves were slaughtered as hu man sacrifices during the funeral rites. It was really ? step forward In a way, though a feeble one. when it was decided to have the slaves fight so that only half would he killed. These slave combats came to he staged In the forums and were viewed by the populace from- temporary wooden ?eats. Began by Vespasian. The first permanent amphitheater was built in 13) B. C? in the reign of Augustus, of stone and wood. In .">7 A. I>. Nero built a WSOdfB one which j burned a decade or so later. In 72 I A. D? Vespasian began the greatest of ampitlieaters. which the world lias , come to call "the Colosseum." No I sliort cuts were taken as in the build i ing of many other ampitheaters. where mounds of earth are thrown up and faced with stone or concrete. The vast Colosseum was built from the ground up, and far below ground, out of masonry. Few single structures, until the day of the super-sky sera per of America, have contained as great a cubic volume of stone and brick and concrete as this eliptlml grandstand ' of old Borne, built for the spectacular slaughtering of man and beast. Begun by Vespasian, work on the j structure was continued under his son. I Titus. It was the latter who sacked Jerusalem. Twelve thousand of the many Jews raptured at that time were set to work to complete the great building. With Its dedication In 80 ] began one of the goriest chapters in the story of Ilomaci amusements. The celebration or Its opening lasted 100 days. Thousands of wild animals and hundreds of men were slaughtered to make this gigantic "Roman holiday." The Colosseum la not quite so large la area covered as the modern foot 'mil amphitheater. The ellptira! arena (named from the sand that was spread on Its surface to absorb the Mood of its victims) Is In round num bers 280 feet long and 180 feet ' serosa; while the rectangular playing space of a football Held Is 900 by -MO feet. To enclose such a playing ?teld. allowing a margin outside -the -.-ridIron, a football amphitheater must he 350 feet or more long and about 250 feet wide. Inside dimensions. Its Walls, Archoa and Seats. In most modem sthletlc smphithes ters the setts rise on s relatively gen tle slope and the highest are seldom over 50 feet above the field. In the I Colosseum the slope was steep?ap | proximately 40 degrees?and the eut I side wall of the structure towers 100 feet above the p*?*. ? W* ' 'V; mateijr to the height of a ir? or lfv story office huilding The outer wail was built of great blocks of stone, while the interior was mostly of brick and concrete. The outer wall was made op largely of arches In three tiers, one above the other, and extend ing side by side entirely around the building. The arches on the ground level were numbered, and through them the Roman populace poured on the way to the spectacles. The choice seats were those closest to the arena. From them one could lean over to tease the tawny lions who couhjp leap almost, but never quite, to the top of the protecting wall; and from them one could almost feel the air of swishing swords hack ing at the heads of the gladiators. In these preferred positions sat the em peror on a slightly raised dais, and below and to the sides, senators, lead ing patricians and the Vestal^virgins. the young priestesses of the Temple of Vesta, who were so carefully nur tured and guarded by Rome. Many a time the thumbs of these young women gnve the final signal which determined the death of a wounded gladiator Next above the senators sat patri cians and other citizens in a dwindling icale of Importance. All but the top most seats w^re numbered and tJck I ets were provided. For places in the unnumbered section the less fortunate had lo wait in line, sometimes all night, as Is the case of wo rid-series fans in America today. Grim and ghastly as the purpose of I the Flavian amphitheater was.it ttos l in. no sense crude. It was a marvel of solid construction admirably fitted to the uses to which it was to be put. ( Beneath the arena in chambers and passages were concealed ingenious mechanisms by means of which sec tions of the floor could be raised or | lowered, popping animals or men un expectedly into view or removing them I as quickly. Also the entire space ! could be flooded f'?r naval combat* Fortress in ths Middle Ages. For nearly four snd a half centuries the Flavian aidphltheater played its bloody role in Iloman affairs. It was not without mishaps that might have pot It In ruins much sooner had not Rome still been s going civilization. It was twice struck by lightning Id the Second century and twice Injured by earthquakes In the Third; but each time It was restored, and the long ser ies of deaths in Its areua grew even greater. After Rome'* fall. In the turbulent Middle age*, the old amphitheater, then the Colosseum. was used as a fortress by one of the family factions of Rome, the Frangipanis. In these times, too. It was robbed of the Iron clamps of the outer wall which held the stone blocks together. The outer walls thai | stand today are deeply pitted because [ of these depredations. In 1349 aa earthquake shook down a large part of the weakened outer structure: There was no power able or Interested to restore It. and the ruin of the build ing then definitely set In. For a long time after this the Colosseum was a quarry. Thousands ' of tons of travertine, marble, and other materials were dug out of the fallen pile or stripped from the por tion still standing, and carried off for use in building many of the pa tabes and churches of Renaissance Roae Only a little more than half of the original structure now stands, consid ering the entire cubic contents at the masonry. Bat mast of thoae who base dfwed tt feel that the part la mwcfc more Urn. tba wh^
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