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The Alamance gleaner 1 VOL. LIII. GRAHAM, N, C., THURSDAY NOVEMBER 24, 1927. NO. 43. < f DOINGS OF THE WEEK I NEWS REVIEW OF 1 CURRENT EVENTS Section of Pittsburgh Is Shattered by Explosion of Gas Tanks. By EDWARD W. PICKARD THREE huge storage tanks of the Equitable Gas company In Pitts burgh blew up and an entire section of the city, at the point where the Allegheny flows into the Ohio river, was wrecked. The total number of lives lost may never be known, but It probably was forty or more; hun dreds of persons were injured. In the Immediate vicinity of the gas works many large Industrial buildings were totally ruined, as were a number of tenements where women and children were among the victims. The force of the explosion was felt throughout the city and nearly all the glass In the downtown section was smashed. Cause of the disaster was found in the blunder of some one who ordered workmen to repair the largest of the three tanks while it was partly filled with gas. One man was using a blow torch when the huge basin, which stood 75 feet above the ground, was blown apart and a great sheet of flame shot a thousand feet upward. A second tank holding 4.000,000 cubic feet of gas and situated about 200 feet away was crushed In, Its contents Ig nited, and a second mighty blaze went up. A third tank, several hundred fefet distant, of 500.000 cubic feet ca pacity and partly filled, was burst usunder by the force of the explosion and its contents added to the vast breath of flame that could be seen for jqlleAi'i' ' . ... THOUGH the Colorado coal miners' strike seemed to be slowly wan ing, the prospects for bloody fighting increased last week. After several day* of .intermittent picketing at the Colnmbine mine, the only coal prop erty still operating in the northern Colorado fields. Its owners informed Gov. W. H. Adams that the pickets would be shot if they set foot on the property. Machine guns were mount ed behind barbed-wire entanglements, and the gunners had orders to shoot any trespassers. A large band of pickets led by a woman were turned back Wednesday by these warlike preparations. Meanwhile the I. W. W., through their official paper, were calling for "all footloose rebels" In the Country to flock to Colorado to aid the strikers. < .< Officers in charge of state police rcn^ an appeal to the governor for fifty more men to meet any contin gency. The situation was described as "acute" by William H. Young, a member of the state industrial com mission. Gov. John S. Fisher of Pennsylvania told representatives of the executive councU of the American Federation of Labor that he would investigate charges ? they laid before him of the usurpation of power by coal and Iron police and of partialitspd>y state police in the strike district or the bituminous coal region. The committee which conferred with Governor Fisher mnde arrangements to see President Cool Idge at the White House to discuss conditions in the bituminous field? of westeVn Pennsylvania. COL. CHARLES A. LINDBERGH was the central figure in a re markable gathering of aviators in Washington. The men, aftd one wom an, who have distinguished themselves by overseas air flights were enter tained at luncheon by the President and then went to the Auditorium where before an audience of 0.000 "Llndy" received from the hands of Mr. Coolidge the Hubbard gold medal of the National Geographic society, a trophy that has been presented to only seven other men. Justices of the Su preme court, members of the cabinet, of the diplomatic corps, and of con gress were in attendance, all Joining in the .'cheering and applause. The famous flyers present included I-icuts. tdater. J. Maitland and Albert Hagenberger, first to hop from San Francisco to Hawaii; Clarence D. ChamberUn and Charles A. Levlne, who flew from New York to Germany ; Kuth Eider anil George llnldemnn; Bert Acosta, Berndt Balchen and George Novllle .who flew with Com mander Byrd to France; William S. Brock and Edward H. Schlee, who crossed the Atlantic to London and then flew by successive stages across Eiuoxte and Asia to Japan*. Capt. R. H. Macintosh and Bert Hinekler, English aviators, started from Upavon, England, In an attempt to break the distance record for non stop flights held by Chamberlin and Levlne by flying to Karachi, India, a distance of 4,000 mllea At this writ ing the outcome of the venture Is not known. Sir Alan Cobham, with a crew of .six and accompanied by his wife, be gan a flight around Africa to show the possibility for communication be tween the various purts of the British empire by air. TF THE story told by William J. Mc 1 Mullin, a Burns operative, Is true, there was a deliberate and eluborate plot to frame the government in the Fall-Sinclair case and to force a mis trial. According to his statements he revolted at the plan of falsely accus ing Assistant Attorney General H. It. Lamb of attempting to influence Juror Glasscock, nnd told the whole story to Gifford I'lnchot, who in turn communi cated it to the government counsel. McMullen was directed to "play along" wifh the Burns men and to report their activities to the district attorney. This he says he did, and the whole al leged plot was then revealed to the grand Jury. That body also heard W. J. Burns, head of the detective agency, and his son, W. Sherman Burns, who declared the story told by McMullin was false. Justice Siddons, who presided at the Teapot Dome trial, appointed a committee of law yers to determine whether those in volved in the Jury fixing scandal should be cited for contempt of court. The government also undertook to bring about the punishment of Harry M. Blackmer, a millionaire oil man, who fled to France several years ago rather than testify In the Sinclulr-Fall conspiracy trial. An order entered by Justice siddons directed Federal Mar shal E. C. Snyder to seize $100,000 worth of Blackmer's property wher ever it may be found within the United States and summoned Blackmer -him self to appear on January 6 to show cause why he should not be held in contempt and his property confiscated. CHINESE students and worklngmen created disturbances at Yeung kong, 130 miles southwest of Canton, making demonstrations ugainst Amer ican workers and an American mis sion. The United States gunboat Ashe ville was sent there front Hongkong by the commander of the south China, patrol. Tlte Chinese military forces arrested leaders of the mobs, but there was fear of further trouble. The Labor party under Chang Fat fui attempted to seize Canton and there was long continued street fight ing. Martial law was declared and the gates of the foreign settlement were closed. s - Nanking Nationalists gained a big advantage by the collapse of the radi cal faction at Hankow and its abandon ment of that city. The region was im mediately overrun by Kwangsi men belonging to the Nanking party. In the struggle of the southerners with the northern armies the former are re ported to have met a severe defeat north of Mingkwang. However, Feng, the Christian general, won a three-day battle against Marshal Chang's forces in Shantung province. WITH the aid of 102 lawyer#, 111 hail Manoilescu, former under secretary of state of Rumania, won ac quittal In his trial by court-martial on charges of plotting to place former Crown Prince Carol on the throne. The defense, engineered by General Avarescu, bitterly attacked Premier Hratlano and his policies and the re sult of the trial was admittedly a se vere blow to that dictatorial official. One of the defense witnesses,* an eminent historian, declared: "One fourth of the country le against Prince Carol, but Rumania la 75 per cent Carolist." The government fears an uprising of the Carollsts, and hurried ly put through parliament the new na tional defense act. which provides penal servitude and heavy flnea for persons who "by word or deed" direct ly or Indirectly seek to overthrow the 'present monarchical regime. VjODLAV YOCSSEF, sultan of Morocco, seventeenth ruler of his dynasty, died at Fez, chief of his four capital cities. He was the son of Sul lan Moulny Hassan and succeeded his brother, Moulay Hafld, In 1912, holding hit throne since 1923 under the French protectorate and residing usually In the French zone. He was cnly forty five years old but had been In bad health for some time. TP HE British government had rather an unpleasant time last week. Its coal policy was attacked In the house by the Labor-Soclalist^opposltlon which declared the government had neglected the difficulties of the Industry and de manded Immediate action to secure an efficient organization. The Labor Ites insisted on a reply from Prime Minister Baldwin and would not listen to Sir Philip CunllfTe-Llster, president of the Board of Trade. They created such a disturbance that the speaker was obliged to order an adjournment In the house of lords Viscount Cecil uttucked th4 government's attitude toward disarmament and asserted that Its refusal to admit the principle of mathematical parity in naval strength with the United States "bangs, bolts and bars the door" against any hope of agreement with America on naval armaments. He blamed Winston Churchill for the fail ure of the Geneva conference. W. C. Bridgeinan, first lord of the admiralty, announced that iti view of the situa tion disclosed at Geneva It was not thought necessary to proceed with the three cruisers originally provided for in current naval estimates and there fore only one would be laid down. ITALIANS, who deeply resent the new Franco-Yugo-Slav treaty, be lieve France Is arming the Serbs against Italy and have been "demon strating" before the embassy and le gation of those nations In Borne. Dis patches erplaln that enormous orders for steel, leather and wood are being placed In Germany by the French on their reparation* account The goods are delivered to French agents at the frontier and shipped to Yugo-Slavla. The German* are delighted over this development as each mark's worth of goods which Is delivered to Franco frees them from delivery of a mark in cash under the Dawes plan. OUR little till with France over tariff rate* U virtually ended. French Uinlgter of Commerce Uanrlce Bokanowskl said that the United States had agreed, after the conclu sion of a provisional agreement, to study the possibility of a reduction In American tariff rates based on a com parison of American and French costs of production. ELEVEN cities have applied for the honor of' having the Republican national convention next year. Tbey are Chicago, San Francisco, Detroit, Cleveland, Kansas City, Omaha, Den ver, Seattle, Minneapolis, San Antonio, and Philadelphia. The winner will be picked by the national committee when It meets December 6. Just now It looks as If San Francisco would be selected, but Detroit also has strong backing. Chicago is said to have little chance because of Illinois candidates for the Presidential nomination. PRESIDENT COOLIDGE, whose duty It often has been to decorate others, was himself decorated Thurs ' day evening in Philadelphia, receiving the Union League's gold medal for dis tinguished public service and a certlfl cate of membership In the club. The occasion was Founders' day, and the President delivered the chief address at the banquet. Two other Presidents, Lincoln and Johnson, have received the club's medal, and Harrison, McKln ley, Roosevelt and Taft were made honorary members. FOUR men sttempted to assassinate General Obregon, Presidential can didate In Mexico, with bombs, but the general escaped with cuts on bis face from broken glass of his automobile windshield. Three of the assassins were canght, two being wounded by the police. Balk Grain Handling Benefit to Farmers ky handling grain In bulk Instead of sackaf wheat growers of the raclflc coast, it la authoritatively atated, are saving approximately 10 cents a busnel In operating costs. Sacked wheat has disappeared al most entirely from export channels *t Portland, and bulk handling Is rap ,(Ur gaining fBror In Seattle. Abandonment of the sack method *?' advocated by federal market ex perts when freight rate* West were materially reduced by the Canadian National and the Canadian Pacific railways, which carry export wheat from the Interior to Vancouver. Able to place their grain in Pacific ports at a much lower cost, Canadian farmers were In position to take the foreign market almost Vntireiy away from American growers nnless eco nomic strategy made It possible for tbem to offer their wbeat at a cor rerpondlng price By discarding the sack method tor balk shipping, says EL N. Bates, In vestigator for the federal bureau of agricultural economies, harvesting and handling as well as marketing costs are reduced. "The fanner," he explains, "Is re lieved of the yearly sacks and twine bill. High-priced labor for sewing and handling the sacks is eliminated. Grain In bulk can be cleaned and con ditioned In the country, saving freight on dockage and enabling the farmer to put on the market ? higher grade of wheat BOARDERS WANTED CAME <? by D. J. Walsh.) MART CARMAN was pale as she finished reading her son's letter. Fred was a good boy; he wrote every week and came home whenever be could, al though bis work kept him confined pretty steadily In the city'. As usual, he had tucked In a $10 bill (or ex penses. itlary owned ber house, but she had almost no money aside from what her son sent ber. And Fred would not let her earn by taking boarders. But this letter?Mary read It again slowly, dwelling upon each word. Test It was wbat she bad always ex pected some time. Fred was going to be married. That letter changed the whole course of Mary Carman's life. "A son Is a son till he gets his wife." The old saying was true enough. She had seen It again and again. Son married ? daughter-in-law J unsympathetic ? mother gradually neglected. Of course Fred had a right to happiness. It was only that?that she felt as If she had lost her son. She sat there behind the white cur tains and geraniums of her living room window with the letter In ber lap, crying. And Mrs. Blnner, step ping through The back door, caught hop of If "Why, Mary Carman! What's the matter?Fred sick?" noticing the let ter. Mary tried to laugh as she wiped her eyes. "He's going to be married." "Married!" Mrs. BInner plumped her 211 pounds Into a protesting rock er. "Well, you know what that means as well as I do?who's the girl?" "Her name Is Belen Branch. She works where Fred does. They're go ing t6 be married soon. And of course they'll lire In the city, though be didn't say." "Bobbed hair, paint, cigarettes, maybe," Mrs. Binner sniffed. "Well, wbat can't be cured must be endured." "Ob, Fred wouldn't cboose any but ? nice, sweet girl," his mother said. "My dear woman! Tou don't know what be'd cboose. Take a country boy, brought np as carefully as he's been, he'd be too Innocent to know what be was getting." Mary was glad when Mrs. BInner departed. Sbe felt sbe bad stood all she could. She sat looking about the room. It was full of simple. Intimate treasures. The whole bouse was furnished with things that had belonged to ber moth er and ber grandmother. She bad hoped to pass these things on to Fred's wife. But a city girl, a busi ness girl, would not care for sueb things. Sbe would want overstuffed furniture and etchings. Well?Mary felt she had a much graver problem still to consider?how was she golnx to lire? Fred's salary could not sup port two establishments. Probably they would offer ber a bome with them. No I She would have to do something to support herself. She would hnv* to fair* hoarder* When daylight broke on the quiet afreet there was to be aeen by early passerahy a card In Mrs. Carman's crystal-clean front window: "Board era wanted." It was looked at with surprise. Late that afternoon lira. Carman, again sitting at the window behind the white curtains and geraniums, saw two girls coming down the street. They wore simple, dark clothes and one carried a single bag. the other carried two bags. They were looking for somebody. When they saw the card In the window tbey paused and consulted together. Then they mount, ed the steps and rang the belL "Do yon really take boarders?" the dark-eyed girl asked as Mary opened the door. "And?and would you take us for a?a?" "A few days?" finished the blue eyed girl, who seemed to bare a bard cold. The sight of the blue-eyed girl's nose decided Mary Carman and she asked them In. The best room was made ready?aired, with fresh sheets, spread, snowy towels distributed. The girls seemed delighted with It "Now, there's a book for yon to read. Peg." said the dark-eyed one. "You're to stay in when It's warm while I bustle to make a few sales." She was gone with the smaller bag. Mary Carman made biscuit, made a chocolate cake, opened a Jnr of straw berries. creamed potatoes, shirred . some eggs. She was lifted out of ber depression. And the rate of S10 a week was the pay the girls Insisted upon. The dark-eyed girl came back at six and reported excellent sales. "Blodgett's best breakfast tea." she explained to lira. Canaan. "You pre sent the housewife with a coupon and she calls at ber grocer's for a sample. Here's a sample fur you. It's really excellent tea." "I'm sure It Is. or?or you wouldn't be selling It," Mary returned wnniily. The girl poised her pencil over the page of a small hook. "I'll Just dot down your name If you will give It to me, please," she said In a businesslike way. "Mrs. Mary Cnrmun." The girl looked up at her tvllh some thing like a start. Next lnsiuni she was scribbling. It seemed the hlue cyed girl called Peg was really quite sick with Iter cold. Mary Carman made her a cup of hot lemonade, rubbed her throat with camphorated oil and put a hot water bag to her feet. "She'll be better In the morning. I'm sure,' said the dnrk-eyed girl called 8cotchy. But Peg wasn't. She had to stay In bed. Meanwhile, 8cotchy hustled to make sales. She took the bus and went as far as Freeport. Coming In at half-past six. hungry but success ful, she found Mary Carman In a great state of excitement. For Fred had come home on the afternoon train. He had decided that the letter didn't explain enough and he wanted to talk with his mother. Scotchy honored In upon them, a strand of loosened hair whipping one rosy cheek. As she saw Fred she gave a gasp and dropped her bag.. As Fred saw her he sprang forward and caught her hands In his. "Helen 1 To And yon here I" Mary Carman merely stood and (tared. "Well, thlg place happened to be on p Pec Payne's route and?" "But what on earth are you doing here with rny mother?' "Boardlnjt, dear child!" Hclcu Branch smiled over her shoulder ut Mary. "We had to board somewhere. Of course I didn't know this dear little lady was your mother, even when she told me her name. And, nnywuy, she had a card up, and Peg was hnlf sick with that awful cold." Mary came forward. "And you're Just us tired as you can be, my dear. Don't you see she Is. Fred 7" "Well, It's hard work selling tea." Helen said. "I wouldn't choose to do It for a steady Job myself. But I had to help Peg out. Besides, I thought I might see your mother If 1 came down this way. I thought It would be a good thing for us to get acquainted without any assistance from you. Fred. If she'd bad yonr picture anywhere I would hare seen It and known, but there was only that" ?she pointed to the wall, to a faded crayon?"nnd that doesn't resemble yon much now." It was all very surprising and de lightful after the first crowded mo ment. For Peg was better and Fred was there and Mury Carman found Helen Branch wns Just ns lovable as the unknown Scotcby had been. Be sides, Fred was coming back to go into business with the money he hnd ; saved and he nnd Helen were to live with his mother In the old house. Nest morning early passersby no- | tlced something different uhout Mury Carman's house. The card, "Board ers wanted," was gone from the front window. i French Women at Porters Nearly all ol<l women (In (he heavy work of porters In Dieppe. France. In (Ue fish markets and on the beach, where they carry loads of atone, welshing loO to 2(10 pounds on their backs. These women f.lod from the fishing boats to the market and from the beaches to the dumping grounds. car rying heavily loaded baskets. Thetr cheery countenances Indicate that they are not overburdened. The stones are exported to England for the man ufacture of porcelain. They most be carried through sliding shingle up a steep grade to the carta Here the carriers dump their loads by making a deep bow and allowing the stones to rush ont over their heads.?Ex change. Clock Playt Many Tanet I A clock that plays tunes has just been put on display In I.ondon. Every part Is handmade and engraved, and the timepiece Is believed to be the only one of Its kind In the world. It Is a perfect timekeeper, chimes every quarter of the hour on eight hells and I at the hour, after strlklpg, plays one of six tunes on 14 bells, concealed In a gilt wooden box. The tunes are "Auld I-ang Syne." "The Blue Bells of Scotland." "Itobln Adair," "Caller ller rln." a 8cotch reel and the Scotch na tional anthem. The clock was made In Glasgow, and required two years to construct. Some of the parts are minute, and are perfect In detail. Appreciates Hie Job Now Here's one man's vacation, as he summarizes It: "A day and a half spent going to a place where 1 would have nothing to do; nine days doing It; two days with ? headache ana a day and a half getting back to where I could do something " CftftfA'5 HMR tNOOSTM .. ?I????^ A Sourca of Hair Nat Material. fPreparnl by the National Geographic Society. Warhlrgton. D. C.) TI1K people of China are, and have been for centurlea, primar ily fariuera. Their chief es sentials of life?food fuel, and clothing?are mostly of home produc tion!. Even In North China, where the winters are cold, clothing ?omea prin cipally from cotton raised by the northern fanners, and fuel still con sists largely of the grain stnlks f'-om the fields that provide the food. The people require but little from the out side world and produce Utile that they do not consume themselves. Rut the old order bns been changing Although the northern people are less progressive than their southern broth ers, even among them modern Indus tries hove been springing np despite civil strife of recent years. Per ha pa .tone of these Infant Industries has had a more phenomenal growth than that of making hairnets, which now gives employment to thousands who are providing these articles for mil lions of women In America and En rope. Although the Industry was Intro duced Id China by the German* only twenty years ago, more than 140.000. 000 hairnets were shipped to America from a single Chinese city before han dlfs at home and bobbed hair in Amer ica curtnlled the output Even now the totnl annual exports of thla product are valued at more than t10.000.000. With the wholesale bobbing of Amer ican locks In recent yenrs, the de mand for hairnets at first fell off; bnt more recently (he use of nets has again Increased. The nets are made by hand and the workers receive about one cent yach for making tlietn. The average person ran hardly make ten a day. Why It Bclonga to China. There are three Important fnctors thai have made the hairnet Industry almost exclusive to North China: first, a large supply of hair la found there; second, clicnp labor Is plenti ful. and third, the Industry requires no machinery and can be carried on In the home. Whore will you find more liumnn hair than in North China? Before the rule of the Mnnrhua, the Chinese men let their hair (trow rather Ions anil tied It In a knit on top of the head. When the Mnnrhu* fame. In the Seventeenth century, they wore their linlr In Inn: bralda down their hnrlta. and as an indication of sub jection forced the Chinese to adopt I the same custom. rrohahly no other land has a more distinctive national peculiarity than the Chinese pigtail, and, like so rnuny other social customs. It persists Ion: j after the cause for which It stood The rerolfitJonlsts of 1311 tried to do away with If and ordered that all quenes he cut off. Those who ob jected were In danger of losing head as nell as ptgtnll. and the queues prm Idrd a handy means of suspending ; the heads alone the city streets as an effective suggestion that the revolu | tlonlsls meant hnslness In their at tempt to do away with tLe badge of the victorious Manchus. I In the south, and In large cities In general, the queues did disappear to a great extent, and for a time there was a flood In the human hair market. But In North China the law forbid ding the wearing of qneues was not enforced, and they are still plentl fnl In Peking snd Tientsin, while In some coontry villages away from the coast there are nearly aa many boys and men with qneues aa without. Perhapa one reason why queues have not disappeared more rapidly '? because of the many barbers, who I depend cr mmhln* queues and shav ing beads tar ? tin*; Whatever hair ndk they can comb oat belongs to them and becomes a source of income; so. naturally, they are not In favor ef a queueless coontry. Women Save All Combings. Chinese women do not patronize the bnrbers, bat comb their own hair pt home. Nothing la wasted, however; tiie combings are saved from day to day and. when a sufficient quantity ia collected. It Is sold or exchanged lor small household articles. In some places venders travel from house to house, calling ont, "Needles, thread, and matches exchanged for hair comb, lags." This raw hair Is sold very cheaply, and, when girls nre learning to make nets. Is used for practice purposes. Enough bulr can be purchased for fifty cents to last a class of sixty or seventy-five girls a month, while Ihcy are learning to make nets. As soon as they are able to make salable nets, they use prepared balr. which costs as mnch as several dollars a pound, depending on length and other qualities. A pound of balr wtll make over 2.000 nets, for a whole gross of hairnets welgha only about ooe ounce. The processes of bleaching and dye ing the hnlr are the moat difficult parts of the hairnet Industry. The second factor In the success of the hairnet Industry In North China Is the almost unlimited supply of cheap labor. Tell a carpenter In this part of the world thai bis fel low Journeymen In America get from $10 to S15 a day and be will probably inquire at once how mnch It coats to go to America. He gets 13 or 20 cents a duy In United States currency. However, U Is not men, but yotmg girls, who make hairnets, and of course a girl's wage Is much less than that of a man. In fact, there Is very little In North China that a girt can do to earn money. Few have a chance to go to school, snd except daring harvest season, when they help to bring the grata on to ibe threshing floors nml thresh It. I hey find It hard to Obtain work. Consequently, when a hairnet company enters a region and calls for girls, candidates are numerous. Good Work for the Girts. A single net requires the tying of a thousand knots or more, bat if a girl is clever she can make as high as twenty coppers a day, and. as she can lire on much less than that, she often qot only sapports herself, hnt helps other members of the fatuity as well. Is It any wonder, then, that fathers and mothers are glad to see the hair net Industry enter their villages? Their daughters, heretofore a harden, arc now becoming the breadwinners of the family. One might naturally Ssk. "Why are other tndu.mles not developed tnore rapidly la North China, U there la such a supply of cheap labor?" Part of the answer is that moot Industries require considerable cap ital. expensive machinery, and large factories, and. with political condl- ? tions as they are In China today, capitalists are slow to take the risks. With the hslrnet industry there Ig no such obstacle. The girls wort to > their own homes, where they have *! always been secluded. The only tools if needed are a small brass shuttle pad - a bamboo splint On a nail driven.Into 1 a table or chair the Oral loop ?r\tfca\w net is fastened. The hair Is wM|t J into the shuttle, like thread latww % bobbin, aad as each aew loopto*uH$Jhi it Is slipped onto the bamboo spMtJl like a stitch oa a knitting mU&M Thus, with shuttle la eaa tetoriKa bamboo splint la the other, adds knot to knot and loop until the net Is coopteML?
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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Nov. 24, 1927, edition 1
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