North Carolina Newspapers

The Alamance Gleaner VOL. LV. GRAHAM, N, C., THURSDAY JUNE 27, 1929. ' NO. 21. WHAT'S GOING ON | NEWS REVIEW OF CURRENTEVENTS Congress Recesses, the Farm Aid smd Reapportionment Measures Are Signed. By EDWARD W. PICKARD WITH the farm aid bill signed by President Hoover and $151,500. 000 appropriated to begin putting lis provisions Into operation, and the cen ?OS and reapportionment measure also made law by the President's signature, congress quit work for the summer In the middle of the week. The senate recessed until August 19, when It will reassemble to begin debate on the tariff bill which Its finance committee la expected to have completed by that date. The recess of the lower house la to extend until September 23, and between that day and October 14 It Intends to hold only perfunctory ses sions twice a week on the supposition that the senate will not have passed the tariff measure before the latter date. Senator Borah of Idaho made a strong fight to have the tariff revision confined to agricultural and directly related commodities and In the course of a heated debate asserted that his resolution to that effect was In ac cord with the President's views and the primary purpose of the special session. Most of the regular Repub licans and seven Democrats, however, stood firm for more general revision and succeeded in beating" the resolu tion by the narrow margin of one, the .vote being 3S to 39. JUST before recessing congress gave Its approval to President Hoover's recommendation that France be re lieved of the necessity of paying the $400,000,000 dne August 1 for the sur plus war supplies It purchased after the close of the war, on the condition that the Mellon-Berenger debt fund ing agreement be ratified before that date by the French parliament. Un der the terms of that accord the sum mentioned Is absorbed as part of the entire French debt which Is funded over a period of stxty-two years. The arrangement was attacked in both houses. The senate adopted a sep arate resolution on motion of Senator Howell of Nebraska declaring that In effect the United States nnder the Mellon-Berenger agreement canceled the entire $4,230,777,000 of the princi pal and accumnlated Interest up to 1925 of 'the French debt The pay ments to be made by tbe French gov ernment over a period of sixty-two years are merely the equivalent of an nual Interest payments of 2.17 per cent on the original sum, the resolution de clares. As the matter now stands. If either the French parliament or the Ameri can congress falls to ratify the Mel lon-Berenger agreement, France must pay the $400,000,0(10 oo May 1 next. TRANSFER of prohibition enforce ment activities to the Department of Justice has been Indefinitely post poned. Senator Jones Introduced a resolution for the appointment of a Joint committee to study reorganiza tion and centralization of dry enforce ment, as asked by the President, but the antl-Volstesd senators, aroused by the repeated killings by enforcement officers, started such a hot debate, de manding that the shootings also he In vestigated, that the administration leaders had the resolution withdrawn nntll August 10, when It was prom ised a vote would be taken. Citizens of International Falls, Minn., where Henry Vlrkula, an ap parently -nnoccnt man, was killed by enforcement agents, appeoled directly to the President for protection. He did not reply immediately, so the city council of the place sent a telegram to him to the same efTect. Then, at the White House press conference, Mr. Hoover gave out this formal statement: "I deeply deplore the killing of any person. The Treasury department Is mnklng every effort to prevent the misuse of arms. Any case of misuse will be determined by the orderly pro ceedings of the department and the courts. I hope that the communities along the border will do tbelr best to help the treasury enil the systematic war that Is being carried on by Inter national criminals against the laws of the United States. It Is these activ ities that are the root of all of our difficulties." Mayors of Detroit, Wyandotte, River Rouge, Trenton and other towns and cities of Michigan close to the Canadian border responded with pledges of wholehearted co-operutlon with the federal authorities If a sane enforcement Is adopted. That the rum runners up that way are encouraged by the attacks on the enforcers was shown when the crew of a well-known liquor smuggling boat opened fire on a customs patrol speed boat neur De troit, smashing Its bow and windshield and damaging Its machinery. Officlnls of the Province of Ontario announced that they would try to reduce the peril of border gun fights by dlsnrtnlng tho occupants of all boats leaving lake and river ports. WHEN Oscar De Priest, colored, was sent to congress by a col ored Chicago district everyone knew trouble was likely to result It has come, and Is likely to stay for some time. In the house Mr. De Priest had conducted himself In a manner that cannot be criticized, but the presence of himself and his family In Wash ington has brought on social compli cations. Mrs. Hoover recently enter tained several congressional women In the White House, and nmong her guests was Mrs. De Priest. Of course the South rose In Immediate and loud protest, and the action of the First Lady has been attacked as unseemly and unwise by southern legislatures, officials and Individuals. The Implica tions of the affair are more than so cial, for the administration Is receiv ing numerous warnings of a renewed solid Democratic South, these coming especially from those states below the Mason and Dixon line which were car rled by Hoover. XmGlNIA'S antl-Tnmmany Demo * crats, who, being bone dry, were opposed to A1 Smith, consolidated themselves In a state convention In Roanoke which was dominated by Bishop James Cannon, Jr., of the Meth odlst Episcopal church south. The 800 delegates nominated Prof. William M. Brown of Washington and Lee uni versity for governor and C. C. Berke ley for attorney general. The execu tive comjnlttee was authorized to se lect a 'candidate for lieutenant gener al, and may name either J. H. Price, the regular Democratic nominee, or the man to be picked by the Repub lican convpntlon. The De Priest Inci dent ?cropped up here. too. L C. Trot man bolted the convention when It re jected a platform plank he offered de nouncing Mrs. Hoover's action In en tertaining the Negro woman. Ambassador dawes and prime Minister MacDonald between them gave a great boost last week tc the cause ot reduction of naval arma ment and consequently of world peace Their speeches, the one at the dlnnei of the Pilgrims' society In London ant the other at Lossiemouth, Scotland had been awaited with Intense Interesi and neither of them was a disappoint ment General Dawes declared tha naval reduction was the problem o: outstanding Importance to the worlt at the present time, and he dlscuaset the methods whereby It might b< brought about He said It must con cern all naval powers and should hav< world sanction. The final negotla lions, he asserted, must be carried 01 by statesmen rather than by naval ex perts, from whom he personally woult expect a failure to agree. Said tbi ambassador: "It would seem that to adjust ti human nature the method of arrlvlni at naval reduction each governmen might separately obtain from Its re spectlve naval experts their deflnltla of the yardstick and then the Inevlta ble compromise between these dlffet Ing definitions, which would be ex pressed In a final fixation of the tech nlcal yardstick, should be made by i committee of statesmen of the nation re-enforced from the beginning b; these separate expressions of abatrac technical naval opinion and able a gal to seek further naval advice If necei sary before the final fixation. "These statesmen should further b the ones to draw up for the worl the terms of the final agreement upoi naval reduction .which should bo couched In those simple terms under standable to the ordinary man In the street and which, while the pet aver sion of the casuist, are the highest expression of true statesmanship. That final agreement covering quan titative dispositions would go to the nations for approval or rejection." Mr. MacDonold told of his conversa tion with General Dnwes and expressed Ills sincere belief that they might be Instrumental "In preparing a board around which other nations might ulti mately sit In co-operative fellowship studying the arts and the ways of peace." PREMIER rOINCAtlE of France held a long conference In l'arls with Foreign Minister Streseinaun of Germany, who was on Ills way home from Madrid, and though there was no public announcement. It was under stood they reached a complete agree ment concerning the coming confer ence that will put the Voung repara tions plan In operation. Then M. I'oln core went before the foreign affairs and finance commissions of the house of deputies and urged that the way be cleared by the ratification of the Amer-' lean and British debt agreements, lie told the two commissions that the great liquidation conference would be called soon so as to enable the cham ber of deputies and the relchstag to ratify the Young plnn In good time for It to go Into effect on September 1 and for the former body to put Its O. K. on the debt agreements. LOTTI, Assolant and Lefevre, the French aviators who flew across the Atlantic from Old Orchard, Maine, are being accorded all due honors In their home land, for they made a great flight notwithstanding the fact that they landed first on the coast of Spain Instead of Le Bourget. This was made necessary by the un expected presence In their plane of one Schrelber, a brash American youth who stowed away on the Yellow Bird and whose added weight made the take oft difficult and prematurely ex hausted the supply of fuel. Display ing scarcely the Intelligence of a sev en-year-old child, Schrelber did not realise that be was endangering the Uyes of the aviators and Imperiling the success of their flight. The three Frenchmen treated him with the greatest forbearance and admitted he had nerve. But It Is good to rend that he was almost completely Ignored In Paris and all right minded people hope that that will be his fate on his return to the United States. M. LottI made the youth sign an agreement that half of any money he might re ceive as a result of bis foolhardy ex ploit should be given to Assolant and Lefevre, the pilots, and to a fund for victims of air accidents. Seven persons lost their lives when , the City of Ottawa, huge air liner of | the Imperial Airways on her way from , England to Paris, with eleven pas sengers fell In the English channel three miles from the English shore. 1 The main shaft of one of the two mo | tors broke and the pilot was unable to keep the plane up or to land snfe [ ly. Four passengers and the pilot nnd . mechanic were rescued. f /"lOLONEL and Mrs. Lindbergh 1 emerged from their honeymoon ' seclusion aboard a power boat on ! Wednesday, appearing at Mltchel ' field. New York, to take part In the ' first tests In the prise competition * held by the Guggenheim fund In the 1 hope of discovering an absolutely * safe airplane. Llndy put on a helmet and parachute and took up the first B entry, after which he gave Mrs. Llnd ^ bergh a ride In a fast army plane. t A I-L the troubles of Gen. Bramwell h D Booth, former commander In 1 chief of the Salvation Army, came to an end when be died at his home i. In Loudon. He was given a great :? funeral by the army whose council had deposed him recently, and Its ? flags were kept flying high for as Its i, officials said: "General Booth Is not j dead?he has passed to glory." t Others taken by death were Asa P. a Potter, well-known capitalist of Bos h ton; Sir A. Maurice Low. for many years American correspondent of Lon e don papers, and 8. F. Kingston, vet d eran general manager for Florenz n Zlegfeld. Canada Survey Parties to Work With Planes Fifty survey parties of the geologi cal surrey of the Canadian government will utilize airplanes, canoes and pack horses In their entry dnrlng the sum mer Into llttle-lcnovrn parts of north era Canada. One party trill go to thr Yukon and ttro others Into the north west territories. Several of the geological autre) parties will be engaged In exploratorj wokk. One narty will go by rail t< Chesterfield inlet, on the northwest ern shore of Hudson bay. Another party will be sent by all plane to a mineralised area In nortf ern Saskatchewan, accomplishing I hours a journey which formerly wonl - have taken weeks by canoe. TOili and other parties, will survey lakci i rivers and topographical features, ti vestlgate the geological and miners possibilities of the country and collat r lnformitton a boat water-powers. % r est and plant growth, climate sn i animate. Some at the nettles, boa ever, will be located south In the foot hllla of the Rockies, alone the pro ?- Cambrian ahleld and In other adrnn i- tageous parte to aicertaln the extent o nnd geological relationships of the Ta il rlona mineral deposits and to map the i, rock formation. ?, The problem of domestic water sap i- ply Is Increasing with the growth of il Industry and population. This Is espe t dally true of the prairie provinces, r- One party, therefore, will Investigate d the underground water supply sronod r- Begins. Busk. GLORIOUS FOURTH I wish the cracktrt would Bound u loud S" Aa they did la tho Fourths gone by. ~T I wish Icmooub, etirred up In tho shade By ? wrinkled old moid with o rusty old spa do, Would tosto oo good when 1 am dry. 1 wish I ecu Id laugh as hoartily now At quoor Calithumpian ways. Though 'tis Idle to wish. 111 Just wish anyhow For tho Joys of tbooo long-vanished days. I wish I could wait with Impatience again Tho dawn of a Fourth of Julyi To get up and shoot tho morning salute. And make the horns toot, and drums beat to boot As I did in the Fourths gone by. And O, that the rockets would soar as high As the rockets of yesteryear I And O, that the chums of the days gone by j Could gather around me beret But wishing Is vain, and I must confess That after all's said and done, I've a good excuse Just to turn things loose. To act like a goose and to raise the deuce, From the rising till setting sun. My kiddies have rights 1 cannot deny, If And wouldn't deny If 1 could. So we'll celebrate the Fourth of July As ev'ry American should. ??Will Maupin, in St. Louis Globe-Democrat. TOLD OF BIRTH OF OUR GREAT NATION V Peal From Statehouse Bell Announced Signing of - ^ Declaration. Late In the afternoon of tlie Fourth of July, 1776, the old bell In the state house at Philadelphia rang out a Joy ous peal. A few moments before, ex hausted by the great heat and vexed to desperation by a multitude of flies, the fathers of this country's liberties had unanimously adopted the Dec laration which severed the Thirteen "The Tocsin of Liberty." From an Old Print. Colonies from Great Britain and made the United States of America forever free and Independent John Uancock, president of the Continental congress, had then affixed his flourishing signa ture to the document and what up to that time had been an uncertainty, owing to the unwillingness of many to entirely forswear allegiance to the mother country, had at last become an accomplished fact Great Day in History Burgoyne's surrender was an event of the utmost Importance In Amer ican history. The great combats of September 10 and October 0 were placed by Creasy among his "Fifteen Decisive Battles." As for the sur render of Burgoyne's army, that oc curred on October 17, Some old rhymes celebrate It: la seventeen hundred and aeventg aaven Ganaral Bursoyne set out for Heaven; But, aa the Yankees would rebel. Ha missed bis route apd went to Hell. Another verse, by David Edwards, runs: Bursoyne, else! unknowing future Fetes, Could force his way through woods but not through Gates. Our Native Land We Americans do more than glorify the natal day of our great, free repub lic. We honor It We regard It rev erently. We give thanks to God. We extol the Pilgrims and the Founders. We bow before Washington. Three hundred and sixty-four dayi In year we admire our country for what she has done and for what she has become; but on one day?the Fourth of July?we love her for what ghe Is sod because she Is our own.? George Harvey. ~ SIGNED TREATY OF PEACE WITH KING Elias Boudinot President of cj Congress at End of Rfci the War. Ellas Roudlnot was an .outstanding figure ot the Revolutionary period. lie was one Ot the many great men pro duced by New Jersey, and was a close friend of Washington. He was a man of wealth, but not the Inactive kind. As president of the Continental con gress he had the honor of signing the treaty with England at the close of the Revolutionary war. There Is comparatively little record of the youth of Ellas Roudlnot, writes Quaker O'Tnylor In the National Re public. It Is known, however, that he received an unusually good education and was early recognised as oue of Jts f * / Ellas Boudlnot. the ablest men In the country. He was bom In 1740, and was In bis prime wheD the war came on. Early In 1774 he became n member of the committee of correspondence for Essex county, and soon thereafter was sent to the Provincial congress. This was followed by his election to the Continental congress. Boudlnot wrote "The Age of Revolu tion," a reply to Thomas Paine. He lived until 1821, dying at the age of eighty-one, at his home In Burlington, N. J. He was enthusiastically en gaged In benevolent enterprises until a few weeks before his death. s, i m ?yt t JJ. A i Patriots Hampered by Activities of Tories Activities of Colonists around Phil adelphia who were not favorably Im pressed by the program for American Independence caused Washington and his artny no little embarrassment. When Hrlg.-lien. John I.occy was as signed to pntrol the country north of Philadelphia, between the Delaware and Schuylkill, his men reported they found the residents playing a large part In the replenishment of the en emy's stores. In March, 1778, he wrote to Washington that "Every kind of villainy Is carried on hy the people near the enemy's lines, and, from their general conduct, I am Induced to be lieve that few real friends to Amer ica are left within ten miles of Phil adelphia." As n remedy he proposed depopulating the entire belt between the two rivers for n(dlstance of fifteen miles from the city bounds. The proposal was seriously considered hy a council of war but failed to ob tain the final approval of Washing ton as commander-in-chief.?Detroit News. HISTORIC HOUSE It *?? ta thla atructura, accordant to tm lutionarr lililoitM, that Ganaval Waahiaftoo i? plana and laauad or da i a fop tba anrraaadtaf conduct od the dodafoa rktory at Traatao. FnaJom't Birth The signing of the Declaration of In dependence was one of the greatest events of the world'! history, for It i was Die germination of an Ideal which ha* enabled America to ahow the world the road to Utopia?to the I mlllenenra. We should be extremely thankfnl i for the foresight of our forefathers, i who decided on July Fourth, 1778, to break a new road to freedom. Aroer ? Ics today Is a Justification of their Judgment.?Michigan Farmer. ? AmMjfan Plow With Phillpplno Motive Power. ' (Prepared by the National Oeorraphlo Society. WaeblnRton. O. C.I THE 8tntus of the Philippine Islands crops up afresh \rltb the writing of a new tarllT hill. This Island group, 7,(JUU miles from the I'aclttc coast of North America, furnishes at once the great est stake and the most difficult ad ministrative problem of the (Jolted States In the Pacific. This is no tin; Island territory like some of those that II; the Stars and Stripes In mid-Pacific, but ? country of nearly 11.1,(100 square miles?o greuter urea than that of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delnware. and Maryland combined; or among the Islands, greater than the three large southern Islands of Japan upon which the life of that nation centered while It grew to Imperial stature. This far-away territory of the United States Is Inhabited by nearly rjt(JOOtOOO people of many races and different religions, less than a quarter the present population of the three most Important Japanese islands. Rut the tropical Philippines with ihelr am ple rainfall and luxuriant vegetation are capable, in spite of their moun tainous character, of supporting a much larger population 'than at present Since pacifying the Islands, the Cnlted Stutes has given the Filipinos steadily Increasing political control of their affairs. The appointive commis sion which mled over the Islands at first under the American regime has now given place to an elective bouse and senate, and five of the seven mem bers of the cabinet are Filipinos. The governor general and vlre governor arc still appointed by the President of the United Slates. Education has been the renter of the American policy In the Islands. A very small perccntngo of the na tives were literate In 1S98. Numerous languages and dialects were In use and only a minority understood Span ish. It was determined to make Eng lish the common language and to open the necessary public schools to reach the great mass of children. By 1017 more than 4.000 primary schools were In operntlon In charge of l.V 377 Filipino and 417 American teach ers. About half the estimated total of the children of the Islands?000,000 ?were enrolled In that year. By 1020 the enrollment had reached 701,020, and It has steadily Increased since until now approximately one and a quarter million pupils are enrolled. Trade Grows Rapidly. Tlio trade of the 1'hlllpplnes tins Increased tremendously since 1800. In that year the combined total of ex ports nnd Imports was $32,1100,000; by 1017 the total was $101,000,000; and In 1028 It had reached $275,000,000. .Nearly every man In the world who uses a rope pays tribute to the Philip pines, for "Manila hemp" Is one of the best rope materials known. It Is har vested from a species of banana tree. Nearly $30,000,000 worth of it wu shipped In 1027. Coconut products? "meat" and oil?come second. Mnch of America's butter substitute Is made from Philippine coconut oil. Ship ments In 1027 amounted to more tban $10,000,1X10. As a producer of sugar, the Philippines cannot yet be com pared with the famous "sugar Isles," Cuba nnd Java, but Its production more than $50,000,000 worth In 1027? entitles the group to be classed with Hawaii, Porto Rico and Formosa among the world's sweeteners. Trobahly the most significant detail In an Inventory of the state of the Philippines Is the decrease In the num ber of white residents. Tbe census of 1003 showed 14,000 white people, most of them American, while tbe Inst au thoritative census, J018, showed 12, 000. Meantime the population of the whole archipelago hjd Increased by 3,000,000. Straws In the wind are probably more Important than the tablets of 25 years of progress in tbe Philippines. These are some of the straws. Plana are under .way for planting 30.000000 Par a rubber seedling* (luring tbe cur rent year. A ner in-olltable export bus been discovered lu buntnl or bang kok straw hnts which has leaped to four years from tbe t-UU,lWO peg to $2.000, (XX). Fruits snd Fiber. The world Is waking up to an appe tite for delicious tropical fruit snd the Philippines are waking up to the fact that the Islands are eminently fitted to grow such fruit. The Fili pinos look witb carious eyes on the profits of Hawaiian pineapple and now claim they can raise even better pineapples. Mango. I an son, cjiico and pomelo are strange names to the American housewife, but they may not long remain so It the Philippines are successful In canning snd mar keting their fruit products. Out If the custom of pigeonholing a jntior or s district by Its products, such as Illinois, the Corn Pelt state; Sao Paulo, the Coffee country; tbe South, the Land of Cotton, Is ac cepted, then the Philippines should be known as the f-nod of Fiber. From a banana plant Filipinos obtain prob ably the strongest known plant liber, Manila hemp, from the fibrosa stalk of the cane they produce sugar, the long hairs on the husks of the billion end a half coconuts are now put to many uses, the fiber of the maguey, s mem ber of the atnaryllls family and close relative of the century plant Is an Important export Duntal hats are made from the burl palm, snd then there Is the wood and rattan from the forest Finally their embroidery In dustry depends on the Imported fibers of silk, cotton and flax. We Lose On* Island. Recently Uncle Sum lost one of bis tiniest Philippine Islands?Pslmas. That Is, for years be considered It his, but found Inter that the Nether lands also claimed It as an outlying fragment of the Dutch East Indies. The dlspnte was duly arbitrated, and the arbitrator, a Swiss, decided In favor of The Netherlands. Few of the many Philippine Islets are so Isolated as Palmns. It lies 48 miles off the nearest point ot Min danao, Cape San Augustln, and was the farthest southeastern bit of land claimed to be s part of the Philip pines. So neglected bad the Islet been that many maps do not show It, and most ot tbe gazetteers pass Its name by. Palmes (It It sometimes called Mlangns) Is only a little over half tbe size of Central park In New Tort city, being one and one-third mllea long by two-tblrds of a mile wide: a mere speck In the sea when Its dis tance from targe land bodies Is con sidered. It Ilea abont 20 mllea west of tbe 127th meridian (east longi tude) which forms the eastern boundary of the region ceded by Spain to the Cnlted States, and abont SO miles north of the parallel 4 degree* 45 minutes (north latitude) wblcfa forms the southern boundary. It was therefore well within the area marked out by the treaty for United State* ownership. There la no record of a visit by any official of the Cnlted States or the Philippines to Palmas until IMS when Leonard Wood, then governor of tbe adjacent Island of Mindanao, whll* on on Inspection trip through the wa ters of his province, anchored off the Island. To his surprise the little boat that put off from tbe Island village carried a Dutch flag. It was explained to him that the native headman had on appointment from the Dutch and that for 15 years Dutch ships had called once a year to bring supplies anl take away copra. Four hundred and flfty-elght Inhabitants were then on the Islet A report was duly made on this ap parent alien occupation of American territory: tbe State department be came Interested. For 17 years the matter was under consideration by tbe diplomats of The Netherlands, Spain and tbe United Stales, before the Statu* of ralmas was settled. <?