The Alamance gleaner
VOL. LVI. . GRAHAM, N, C., THURSDAY FEBRUARY 6, 1930. ' NO. 1.
1?Dr. Walter B. Coffey (right) ana Dr. J. D. Humber, San Francisco surgeons who annonurc their discovery of
a serum from the suprarenal glands of sheep that will dissolve cancer tissues. 2?New York Communists, demon
strating against the killing of one of their comrades, being dispersed forcibly by the police. 3?Mrs. Herbert Hoover
breaking ground for the new IOplscopal Home for Children In Washington.
NEWS REVIEW OF
CURRENTEVENTS
Naval Parley Getting Down
to Business?Spain's
Dictator Resigns.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
MOVING slowly and not very surely
toward their goal, the delegates
to the five power naval conference in
London spent another week mainly In
private conversations designed to de
velop national programs, some radio
addresses and one plenary session.
The correspondents made such a fuss
about being excluded that room wns
provided for a number of them at the
session and the others "listened In" by
microphone.
At the meeting on Thursday the dele
gates told something abont the prog
ress they had made toward an agree
ment on preliminaries. Prime Min
ister MacDonald had had talks with
the French, Italian and Japanese, and
Dlno Grandl of Italy had been pressed
to agree that Mussolini's proposal for
the Immediate establishment of ratios
should be examined later. Explana
tion was given by Mr. Gibson of the
Franco-American compromise between
global tonnage and category theories
of measurement of fleet strengths
which wns alluded to In these col
umns last week. The agreement is
based on a maximum of transfer ton
nage yearly from one category to an
other, and It was understood that a
percentage of one-sixth of the total of
any category might be accepted as
the amount of tonnage possible to
transfer. The matter was referred to
a steering committee on motion of
Mr. Stimson.
Mr. MacDonald opened the session
by stating that its main purpose was
to consider the agenda. He explained
that Mere had been wide exchanges
of opinions and declared "gratifying
progri as" had been made.
The questions proposed by the
French were: First, the system of
global tonnage and the French trans
actional proposal; second, what classi
fications are to be adopted; and, third,
the transfer of tonnage and the condi
tions to be applied t<t such a transfer
under the British system of limitation
by categories.
Italy proposed that the determina
tion of ratios should be the first step
and that the determination of levels
of total tonnages of the various na
tions should then follow.
After adjournment Mr. MacDonald.
who is chairman, told the correspond
ents: "I think we are now within
measurable dlstnnce of solving the
problem which up to now has not been
solvable. Mind, I do not say that we
are agreed as yet, hut I think the
steering committee will report agree
ment The differences between us are
so small that were you to put a candle
to them, you could see through the
wall of controversy." MacDonald em
phasized, however, that Great Britain
could not accept the global tonnage
theory as now presented, saying;
"There would lie continued competi
tion within categories."
IN A radio address to British and
American hearers Mr. Stlmson in
dicated that the American delegation
had decided that the five-year exten
sion of the present battleship building
holiday would be the principal result
of the conference. It seemed as if be
hail abandoned the program for
^crniser reduction which was desfreti
by President Hoover. The objectives
t of the United States, as outlined by
Mr. Stimson, were summarized thus:
| 1. Parity between the British and
American navies In "power and effi
ciency."
2. A reduction of the battleship
building programs of all naval powers
by postponing the flve-yenr replace
ment of present capital ships, pgpvlded
for by the Washington treaty.
3. Ending the rivalry In cruiser and
destroyer building by limitation of
the number and tonnage of these
classes of surface craft.
4. Abolition of submarines, or. In
any event, the reduction of their num
ber, and prohibition of their ruthless
use against merchant ships.
Itenssuring his countrymen who
might be alarmed by stories of crises
and of the danger that the interests of
the United States were being sacri
ficed, the secretary of state concluded:
"The members of the American dele
gation here In one capacity or an
other went through the great war.
Most of us have had to study national
defense in the course of our official
duties. We are united In believing
that our national defense, our national
Interests, and our prospects will con
tinue; peace and prosperity can best
be served by naval limitation and Its
consequent good will.
"In the belief that the same agree
[ meat, which holds out such prospects
for us holds equal prospects for the
other nations here, we go at our task
with the assurance of the supportof
the people of these five great nntlofffc"*'
GEN. PRIMO DE RIVERA, for si*
years premier and dictator of
Spain, resigned Inst week under vir
tual compulsion, and the country at
once went Into spasms that. It was
thought, might ultimately result In the
abolition of the monarchy. The dic
tator had put up to the chief officers
of the army and navy the question
of his resignation and their decision
being against him, he stepped down.
King Alfonso gave the job of premier
to Gen. Damaso Berenguer, chief of his
military household and inveterate
enemy of de Rivera, and two days
later Berenguer announced his cabinet,
in which he took the portfolio of min
ister of war as well as premier.
Even before Ire had formed the new
government the forces In opposition
to Berenguer were gathering In Mad
rid. De Rivera, evidently I relieving a
dictator might be down without be
ing out, tool* the leadership of the
Patriotic Union against his successor,
and there were Indications that the
old charges against Berenguer In con
nection with the Moroccan disaster
of eight years ago would be revived.
There were riotous demonstrations by
students mid republicans which were
suppressed hy the troops. It was made
plain that General Berenguer would
rule with an Iron hand until the gov
ernment is firmly established. One of
Ids first acts was the establishment
of strict censorship. He announced
that parliament by elections and the
constitution of 1876 would be re-es
tablished.
CARL BEN BIEI.80N, arctic avia
tor, and Earl Borland, his me
chanic, perished on the coast of
Siberia nbont ninety miles east
of North Cape. The wreckage of
their plane was found by Pilots
Crosson and Glilam and was easily
Identified. At this writing searching
parties are still trying to find the
bodies of the unfortunate flyers. Elel
son and Borland were engaged In
transporting passengers and furs from
an Icebound steamer. Their plane evi
dently crashed when traveling at hlgb
speed and the dlsnster was believed to
be due to a faulty altimeter on which
Elelsnn relied when a snowstorm
wiped out his visibility.
SENATOR ROBINSON of Indiana,
the only regular Republican on
the senate's lobbying, committee, was
foiled In his attempt to show a connec
tion between Senator King of Utah,
Democrat, and the German dye trust.
It was brought out before the com
mittee that contributions to King's
campaign fund were made by Her
man A. Metz, American agent of the
German monopoly, but when put on
the stand Metz developed a conven
iently faulty memory and said he had
kept no record of those contributions.
He admitted he sent a check for $1,
000 to King In 1928 because he was In
terested In the campaign of his friend
Al Smith. This check. King had as
serted, was not cashed and was torn
up by him. Metz Is an ofTlcinl of the
American I. G., a subsidiary of the
German concern. He denounced as
nonsensical the Idea that the Ameri
can compnny was organized to control
the dye and chemical Industry here
until American competition could be
smothered and the German Interests
come Into the open. The low tnrllT
members of the committee treated the
dyestnff man with great consideration,
but Chairman Caraway was so rough
with A. I,. Fauhel, secretary of the
American Tariff league, that they al
most came to blows.
WET members of congress were
elated by the announcement that
tk* bouse Judiciary committee would
<nmd public hearings ou measures to
^repeal the Eighteenth amendment,
starting February 12. There Isn't the
slightest chance that any of the bills
for repeal or modification will get
through the house, which Is over
whelmingly dry, but the opponents of
prohibition in Its present form will
hnve a chance to present their argu
ments and facts and figures. The drys
will have the same opportunity.
Attorney General Mitchell, In a let
ter to the expenditure committee of the
house, gave notice that the employees
of the Department of Justice must be
dry by practice and profession, and
that candidates for appointment must
measure up to this. "I believe," he
wrote, "that no man who makes a
practice of drinking Intoxicating
liquor, or who has definite or pro
nounced views In opposition to prohibi
tion, belongs In any post having di
rectly to do with the prosecution of
cases under the national prohibition
act. It seems to me that sutli men
had better seek positions In some other
branch of the government or a private
occupation."
CHAIRMAN LEGGE of the federal
farm hoard and Secretary of Ag
riculture Hyde, speaking over "the
radio, strongly urged farmers to hold
down the production of surplus crops
In order to help In the work of re- j
storing their prosperity. Uoth speak
ers called attention to the outlook re- I
port of the Department of Agriculture, j
Just Issued, predicting little If any In
crease In farm commodity prices dur
ing 1930 If overproduction continues.
Mpssrs. Hyde ind Legge then called
on I'resldent Hoover and told him that
Eastern life Insurance companies are
complicating the farm situation by
curtailing purchase of farm mort
gages In the Mississippi valley states.
Unless this policy on the part of life
Insurance companies Is changed, Mr.
Hyde told the President, large scale
foreclosures of farm land are certain
to result.
NOTABLES taken by death during
the week Included Bishop Charles
P. Anderson of Chicago, primate of
the Episcopal church of America ; Mme.
Emmy Destlnn, Hungarian grand opera
prima donna; Dr. Harry K. Hutching, I
president emeritus of the University
of Michigan; Mrs. Rebeecn L. Kclton I
of Georgia, the only woman ever to I
bold a seat In the United States sen- I
ate; Rear Admirals \V. W. Kimball and |
Thomas Snowden and Gena David 8. <
Gordon and Harry Taylor. I
(C, ISIS, Wasters Xtwspaper Calsa.)
j P ATTY ANN, |
t THE HAPPY ii
\ TEACHER AND ||
I REFORMER ii
t .MM
<? by D. I. walih.t
PATTY ANN PAINTER was hap
py, ho happy she sang while set
ting the breakfast table, a small
blue-and-whlte afTalr under the
rauth window In her exquisite small
iltchen.
"Sing before breakfast, cry before
rapper," admonished Curtis Painter,
yurstlng In from doing things to the
:ar, cutting kindling for the fireplace
ir.d sweeping the porches of the lit
tle white house.
"Why," and Patty Ann flashed a
smile up at her tall husband as she
sped toward the bacon rack. "I
wouldn't possibly cry two days before
the last day of school, when every
:hlng Is so scrumptious, the children
inow their pieces and sing their
songs like angels, the school room Is
fairyland with the things they have
made and the platform all dressed?"
In half an boor after Curtis Palnt
;r had walked whistling off to bis law
ifflce?where he was getting to have
several Important things to do every
day now?Patty Ann was ready for
school. She put on her prettiest silk
dress. She fastened a little new
watch, from Curtis, on her wrist.
Flushed and sparkling eyed the
children marched past Patty Ann
smiling at the door of their fairyland
room. Little girls touched the soft
silk of their teacher's dress, looked
at their own "best" dresses and then
up Into her eyes to see if she admired
theirs as they admired hers. They
found she did! Most of the boys
were "dressed up," too.
At the end of the line, as usual,
boredly straggled Norman MacKenzle,
not dressed up, of course. The flap
ping sole of one shoe was tied to Its
upper with string. His overalls had
raveled holes at both knees. A dirty
coat with short sleeves showing thin
red wrists was drawn crookedly
across his narrow chest, kept some
what together with a bent hairpin.
Patty Ann wanted to stoop and gath
er him up In her arms, so forlorn he
looked, bis blue eyes so "a-weary of
this great world." But that would
never do. Wouldn't the other boys
"get" him at recess?
How could Norman MacKenzie be
"dressed up?" What could the "last
day of school" mean In the gaunt bare
old MacKenzle house? Once the Mnc
Kenzles had been "best people." Once
old stooped "Judge" MacKenzle had
been tall, straight Mayor MacKenzle.
But the "MacKentle boys," all four
of them, had liked race horses and a
"good time" better than they had
liked school work and now one was
dead, two somewhere "out West" or
"down South" and one worked Inter
mittently In a button shop in a neigh
boring town. Norman was the son of
the one that was dend. "Old Judge"
earned enough doing one small job
and another to keep two old people
from starving, but not enough for tak
ing care of a boy. Ob, they worked,
old Judge and poor, half-blind, deaf,
crippled "Mrs. Judge." They wanted
Norman to be the best MacKenzle of
the lot
jusi as ne aiu every morning, .Nor
man shambling across the ball, raised
his small face for an Instant and It
became at once aglow with delight. In
terest, love. But It was not at I'ntty
Ann he looked. Dear, no. Ills eyes
went to something far above I'atty
Ann. The school clock, that great old
creature ticking In and out the hours
of the school day, was the cynosure
of Norman's eyes. As long as he
could, he gazed, absorbed, color In his
thin cheeks, smiling.
Of course, Patty Ann talked to old
Judge about Norman, lie could do
pretty well in school. Once In a while
he did. One day old Judge said, shak
ing his head:
"Norman likes to be on the street
too much. The marshal's been watch
ing bow be stands there In front of
Maxwell's Jewelry store, by the hour,
looking In?I don't know?don't
know?"
Patty Ann saw a tear slide old
Judge's nose Into his beard, and she
went home to Curtis, tears diamond
ing her own black lashes.
The afternoon "last bell" rang. Pat
ty Ann laid her paper with the pro
gram written on It on her desk. Her
little wrist watch had caught on her
long, drooping sleeve. She took It off
and laid It on her program paper.
And then things were for a few min
utes quite mixed up and exciting.
Boys and girls skipped here, there,
attending to things for teacher. Patty
Ann greeted mothers, aunts, grand
mothers, a few embarrassed fathers.
She answered questions whispered to
tier by blushing and Important second
trade actresses. But finally a smiling,
aim young teacher stood before a
uniting, peaceful school.
She laid her hand on the program,
looked down at It. Oh, no! Oh, no!
It couldn't be. But It could be It
was. Her little watch was gone.
For a second Fatty Ann Painter
thought she was going to faint before
all those children and parents, or sob
aloud. What child?she looked out
over the whirling room. She saw one
pair of eyes, wide blue eyes, agonized
eyes, and their lids dropped. Norman
MacKenzle?
She forced her lips to smile, forced
her eyes to flash the signal for the
opening carol. The smile was hard
to manage. But manage It she did.
And at last It was over, all the pieces,
the dialogues?gay and funny, the
carols.
She asked Norman MncKenzle to
help take the presents off the plat
form. Norman's face became for an
Instant a*miserable flery red, then
white again. Without smiling as the
others did he went up nnd down the
aisles handing out packages.
Then there were mothers shaking
Patty Ann's hand, nnd saying she
went to lots of trouble for the chil
dren, didn't she? She said "Thank
you" thirty-four times and more?and
suddenly she was alone. She hated to
be alone. How could she stand things?
In the morning Patty Ann flew get
ting things done. She went uptown
early. She went first to the dingy lit
tle room behind the city offices where
"Old Judge" MacKenzle wrote slowly
In a big book.
The second place Patty went was
to Maxwell's Jewelry store. She went
to u clothing store, a toy store, ?
candy store. With dozens of packages
she ran hom?. She changed her dress
and went Into the kitchen and stayed
there the rest of the day.
When Curtis came whistling home
he found he had a guest for the vaca
tion, n small boy with blue eyes, dark
circled, that gazed with frightened
fascination at his host and hostess.
And no, supper was not Jolly, music
over the radio was not, a bedtime
story was not. At last Patty Ann
took a silent little boy to the bath
room, turned on hot water, showed
him about soap and towels and a pair
of gay red-trimmed pajamas.. Then
she sat and frowned at the tire. She
was not at all certain she was a sensi
ble person. At last a small voice:
"Teacher."
She went quickly to the "spare
room," smiled at the clean little fig
ure In red-braided pajamas, held out
a big glass of creamy milk.
Two thin hands took the glass, but
no mouth opened to drink. Two eyes
only looked at her plteously.
"Well," she laughed. "I see old Mr.
Cat Is going to get some, too. He'll
be glad! Jump In now and I'll tuck
you up."
Slowly he got In the white bed. laid
his head on the pillow. He shut Ids
eyes tight. She caught her breath,
1 leaned over and kissed the thinnest
cheek she had ever kissed. And she
saw a gray cord around a thin neck
nnd something bright on It down un
der the gay pajamas. She moved
quietly and turned out the light.
"Good night, Norman," she said.
He did not answer.
Patty Ann that night did not sleep
a great deal.
No, the hostess and guest did not
eat much breakfast, either. Curtis
looked once at Patty Ann nnd his
eyes were wondering nnd pitiful, lie
cause he did not-say anything Patty
Ann admired her husband more than
OVPP
As Jolly as could be Curtis was at
the distributing of some presents, lie
gave Patty Ann hers first, lovely
things, but she did not know until
hours later that they were lovely, that
they were anything at all. He put a
square, not very big package In Nor
man Mackenzie's hands nod helped j
him undo the strings.
"Well, well, well! A watch! A real j
watch!" shouted Curtis Painter.
But back Into Curtis' hands plopped
the open box, and a little boy In an
agony of crying threw himself against
Patty Ann, his fingers working at Ills
collar. Patty Ann picked him up, as
she had longed for months to do, and
went with him close against her Into
the spare room.
After a long time, that was not so
long as it seemed to the roan pacing
the sitting room, the spare-room door
was opened and Patty Ann. her face?
Curtis thought?like the Itaphoel Ma
donns, came, In her hand the hand
of a flushed and smiling little boy.
Patty Ann went to the table, took up
a silver watch and chain, fastened
them In the proper way across tha
front of Norman Mackenzie's new
coat. Unclouded, frank blue eyea
smiled up at her.
"Thank you, teacher." said Norman
Mackenzie.
Patty Ann snatched the lid off a
great randy box. and they ate candy
and played with toys until It was
night
Curtis, the great Judge of the fu
ture. said Patty Ann was a pretty
good sort of sociologist. And, yes. ha
wouldn't mind, he supposed. If Nor
man stayed with them longer than
over the vacation. But that's another
atory.
NORTHEASTERN
1 BKA2IL
The Lighthouse at Bahla, Brazil.
(Prepared by the National Geographic
Society. Washington. D. C.)
A IRPLANES have made the north
ZA eastern corner of P.rnzil the
Z V. doonvay to Sooth America
from the Old World. Repeated
flights have been made in recent years
from Europe and Africa to South
America, and In nearly every case
first news of the successful crossing
has come from Natal, I'ernambnco
or Rahin, the three most northeastern
cities of the continent. On the latest
of the transatlantic flights the two
flyers. Major lairre-Borges and Lieu
tenant Challes. were forced to earth
near Natal, not far from the landing
place of Major Delprete and Captain
Per rain in 1928. Pernainbuco was the
first city reached by Commander Fran
cesco de Pinedo In 1927; and Bahla
was the port of arrival for Captains
Jlminez and Igtesins In the spring of
1929.
Because of Natal's strategic Impor
tance In transatlantic flying the re
cently organized air mail line between
Paris and Buenos Aires has estab
lished a flying field near the town.
Natal has also figured in Brazilian
maritime plans, and Its harbor is be
ing Improved with a view to making
it the first port of call for steamships
between Europe and jiorts on the
southeast coast of South America.
Cape St. Bo(|ue may he considered
the real northeast corner of South
America. It lies approximately 20
miles north of Natal. The intervening
strip of coast Is made up of low sand
dunes, with here and there a village
set among coco palms.
Natal 19 not directly on the sea but
lies about two miles up the river from
Pofenghy, which Is also known as the
Rio Grande do Norte. It is from this
stream that the state of Rio Grande
do Norte, of which Natal Is the capi
tal. takes Its name. The town was
founded by the Portuguese more than
three and a qunrter centuries ago as
a military post. In 1G33 It was cap
tured by the Dutch and remained In
their possession until 1G54. Few traces
of the Dutch occupation remain.
Natal a Frontier City.
Natal Is far removed from the cen
ter of Brazilian activity In the south,
und still has some touches of the
frontier. Southward, railways along
the const connect It with Pernnmhuco;
hut only a short bit of trackage ex
tends toward the Interior. For the
movement of goods to and from the
back country the town still depends
somewhat on picturesque troops of
pack mules and horses In charge of a
t rope I ro and Ids swarthy, hard vis
aged assistants.
Sometimes 100 or more mules and
horses, each laden with big bags of
cotton or other produce from the In
terior. thread their way through Na
tal s streets,' with hells tinkling, and
muleteers shouting ? an animated
freight train. On the return trip they
carry bales of fabrics, food supplies,
and household furnishings.
The muleteers of llio Grande do
Norte and the adjoining states must
be a rough and ready lot, for the
goods they carry are an irresistible
temptation to bandits In the hilly In
terior, and often the drivers must
"shoot their way through." The gradu
ally extending lines of steel In the
Interior of Brazil are slowly bringing
the existence of the picturesque tro
pelro to nn end.
I'emnmbuco, although not so far to
the northeast as Nntal, Is the eastern
most city of the Western hemisphere.
The state of Pernombuco aud two
other states make up the northeastern
shoulder of the continent. The capi
tal. I'ernnmbuen, better known to Bra
zilians us Iiectfe, occupies a small is
land?Antonio Vas?and a portion of
the mainland of Brazil, about fifty
miles from thr? northern border of tbe
state.
Pernauibuoi Is tbe fourth largest
dty in Brazil with a population about |
equal to that of Birmingham, Ala.
Many of the people are descendants
of the Dutch nnd Portuguese, both of
whom once claimed the city and sur
rour.ding country. I'emambuco owes
much of lis progress to the influence
of these races, who fostered agricul
ture and commerce.
Much Business in Pernambueo.
The old section of Pernambueo
shows Its Portuguese origin in the
varicolored plaster-faced buildings
that line some of the narrow cobble
stone streets in the downtown sec
tion ; while here and there steep
gabled houses nnd business structures
recall the quarter century of Dutch
occupation that began ten years after
the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth
Hock.
Until a few years ago. large ocean
going boats had to anchor far out in
the harbor. Up-to-date docks were
constructed. and railroads were builr.
reaching Into the productive hinter
land. As a result Pernambueo has be
come In a abort time one of the im
portant gateways to eastern Brazil.
Sugar, tobacco, lumber, fruit, cot
ton, rul>l>er and coffee that ooce
graced the backs of moles now flow
Into the city by roll In vast quanti
ties. More than forty sugar mills In
the capital city attest the state's sug
ar production. Tevtlle mills, shoe,
soap, and lock factories are also
there.
Most of I'ernambuco's business Is
carrier) on In the old section that oc
cupies lite island. The city market,
perhaps, strikes the fancy of Ameri
cans more than nny other featnre. An
abundance of rich, lusctoos tropical
fruit Is everywhere to be seen. On
the gronnd are great piles of pine
apples, alligator pears, melons and
mangoes of enormous size. In con
trast to many South American mar
kets Pernambueo lias no noisy vend
ors.
Bahla Is the largest of Brazil s air
gateway cities. It was the first Portu
guese settlement founded In Brazil.
According to the letters of Amerigo
Vespucci he and his followers spent
several months In All Saints bay In
the nelghliorhood of Bnhia during the
early years of the Sixteenth century.
Bahin was not officially recognized
by the Portuguese government, how
ever, until 1549 when the first gov
ernor general of Brazil set up a colo
nial government there. Bahla was the
capital of Brazil from that time un
til 17G3 when the government was re
moved to Illo de Janeiro.
While Illo de Janeiro and Sao Paolo
surpass Bahla In size, the old port,
which lies about 400 miles down the
coast frotn Pernambuco, Is a thriving
commercial center with abont 300,000
Inhabitants.
The harbor It faces Is one of the
finest on the east coast of South
America. Vessels from many world
ports nre anchored offshore while
smaller boats with local cargoes come
and go like schools of water beetles.
Bahia Built on Two Levels.
The traveler's first impression of
Bahla, as he sails up the harbor
toward the city. Is that there are real
ly two separate towns. A congested
settlement lings the shore line while
on n cliff In the background 200 feet
above the roof tops the fringe of an
other settlement Is visible.
In the narrow streets of the lower
town nnd among the bordering ware
houses half-naked porters, perspiring
freely in the tropical beat, spend their
days moving cargoes of cocoa, tobac
co, cotton, sugar, rubber and fruits,
all products of Bahia state, brought
to the port by railroad trains and
high-wheeled doifkey carts.
The customs house, depot and of
fices of foreign firms Interested in
Bahla commodities also are in the low
er town. Most of Bahla's cocoa, the
largest exportable product of Bahla
state, is shipped to the United States.