Newspapers / The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, … / Feb. 13, 1930, edition 1 / Page 1
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The Alamance gleaner VOL. LVI. GRAHAM, IN, C., THURSDAY FEBRUARY 13, 1930. " NO. 2. 1?Charles Evans Hughes, appointed chief Justice of the United States Snpreme court to succeed William H. Taft, who resigned because of 111 health. 2?Cuba's new capltol building in Havana which cost $!.".000.000 and will be officially opened on February 24. 3?Gen. Damaso Berenguer, who became premier and dictator of Spain when Primo -de Rivera was forced to resign. NEWS REVIEW OF GURRENTEVENTS W. H. Taft, 111, Quits as Chief Justice and Hughes Named to Succeed Him. By EDWARD W. P1CKARD WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT, re turning to Washington from Asheville a very sick man, sent In his resignation as chief justice of the Su preme Court of the United States. It was at once accepted by President Hoover with expressions of deep re gret and of sympathy for Mr. Taft's condition, and Charles Evans Hughes was appointed his successor. Though the entire matter seemed sudden, it was learned that the Presi dent had been Informed of Sir. Taft's Intention several weeks before and that Mr. Hughes had conferred with Mr. Hoover several times before ac cepting the appointment. Mr. Taft's physicians admitted that he was seriously III, and though toward the close of the week his con dition appeared to have Improved, they held out little hope for his recov ery. They said that for some years he had had very high blood pressure associated with general arterioscle rosis and myocarditis and also had a chronic cystitis. President and Mrs. Hoover called on him the day after his return from the South, and so did several of the Supreme court justices. There was a constant stream of other callers at the Tgfl residence but of course most of tl^n merely left mes sages of greeting and cheer. Mr. Taft's retirement closed a public career unparelleled in this country. For nearly fifty years he served the people. In offices ranging from an as sistant prosecuting attorney to Presi dent of the republic and head of its highest tribunal. He was the first civil governor general of the Philip pine Islands and was secretary of war under President Roosevelt. He was appointed by President Wilson as chief justice In 1921. In accordance with a law passed at the last session of congress, he retires with his full salary of $20,909 a year. Mr. Hughes presumably will take office when the Supreme court recon venes on February 2-1. His appoint ment is the climax of a record In the public service almost as remarkable as that of his predecessor. He has held some of the highest offices within the reach of an American citizen, hav ing fallen short only of the Presi dency, for which he was the unsuc cessful Republican candidate In 1910 against Woodrow Wilson. To make that campaign he resigned as asso ciate Justice of the Supreme court, to which position he had been appointed by President Roosevelt in 1910. About a year ago he was selected as a Judge of the world court and spent last summer sitting at The Hague. From March 4, 1921, to March 4. 1925. he was secretary of state In the Harding and Coolldge cabinets, retiring volun tarily. As a matter of propriety, Charles E. Hughes, Jr., will now resign as solicitor general of the United States, and It has been suggested that Presi dent Hoover may select as his suc cessor Mr. Taft's son. Robert A. Taft, who Is now district attorney at Cin cinnati. PASCUAL ORTIZ RUEIO was In augurated president of Mexico Wednesday with simple ceremonies, and as he was leaving the national stadium an attempt was made to as sassinate him, which was quite in ac cord with Mexican tradition. A young man standing behind a file of soldiers at the gate of honor emptied his re volver Into the presidential car. Ortiz Rubio was shot through the cheek, the bullet lodging In the left Jaw. His wife and niece and his military aide were slightly wounded, as was the chauffeur who nevertheless stepped on the accelerator and carried his passengers swiftly to a Red Cross hospital. A few hours later the sur geons announced that the president was out of danger. The assassin was seized by the po lice and said he was Daniel Flores of San Luis Potosi state and was a fol lower of Jose Vasconcelos, defeated candidate for the presidency. He re fused to say why he had tried to kill Ortiz Rubio, but the authorities were satisfied that it was a plot of the "Vasconcellstas." This was the view, also, of Portes Gil, retiring president, who told newspaper men that Senora de Oritz had received an unsigned letter a few days ago which said her husband would not live to be inaugu rated. Only a week before the shooting the federal district authorities announced they had frustrated one such Vascon celista plot with the arrest of nine teen persons who allegedly planned to assassinate both Senor Ortiz Rubio and Senor Portes Gil and seize the government. If that was the plan in this Instance, events did not develop as was hoped, for Mexico City, except for an air of anxiety for the presi dent's safety, was quiet with little or no indication that anything unusual had happened. PRELIMINARY negotiations among the naval conferees in London did not proceed very smoothly. Prime Min ister MacDonald announced that Great Britain sought the abolition of sub marines, and Immediately thereafter Henry L. Stimson. head of the Ameri can delegation, made it known that this position was supported by the United States^ and that he would pro pose the abolition of underwater war craft at the plenary session set for February 11. The French delegation at once met and examined the ques tion and then declared flatly that they would not consider the proposal. It was understood that Premier Tardleu at the plenary session would meet it with a speech In which he would say that France considers the submarine as most necessary for the defense of the French coast though France does not want It as an offensive weapon and believes that submarine warfare should be "humanized." Italy is willing to abolish sub marines If France will do so, but it in sists that Italians must ha\e submers [ ibles if her northern neighbors have them. Thus the Italian action will be governed by the French attitude. The American delegation made pub lic its plan for reduction and limita tion, stating that it provided for imme diate parity with Great Britain in ev ery class of ship In the navy. Equal ity in battleship* would be secured by abandonment of five by the British and three by the Americans. The cruisers would be so apportioned that the Brit ish would have an apparent advantage of 12.000 tons, which the Americans could equalize by Including the num ber of their smaller cruisers. Critics of this plan declared It was a surren der to the demands of the British. Delegates from the British domin ions protested to Mr. MacDonald that the conference was making unneces sarily slow progress, and be therefore conferred with the other heads of delegations and they decided to speed things up. The first committee, which includes all the delegates, took up on Thursday the matter of the method of limitation, seeking a solution for the controversy between the global and categorical methods. I<ondon cor respondents. however, said it was not likely any real progress would be made toward fixing tonnage figures until near the end of the month. This !s due to the fact that the Japanese have a general election on February 20, and the Japanese are stalling vig orously on the figures until the present government can get settled In the saddle or a new government formed. [THEN MaJ. Gen. Herbert Crosby, 1 V chief of cavalry of the United ites army, retires on March 21 next, will undertake the task of making ! city of Washington a model for ! rest of the country so far as j uor and crime are concerned, lie | s been selected by ['resident Hoover direct the police, fire and traffic partments of the District of Colura i, and Mr. Hoover said the appoint ?nt "will be a guaranty to both the lcial and unofficial residents of the strict, and especially to the nation large, that the Capital shall be free organised crime." The police affairs of the District of dumbia have been under fire from embers of congress for the last year ? so. During that time there have ?en a wide variety of charges, includ g lax enforcement of the prohibition ws. General Crosby will succeed roctor L. Dougherty as commissioner. J EPRESENTATIVE C. L. BEEDY X of Maine offered In the house an mendment to the Volstead act which ould make possible the padlocking f places of business by public prose ntors In the absence of their owners, nd it was generally accepted as an dmlnistratlon measure. Beedy's bill provides that a district, tate, county, or city attorney, falling 0 locate the owner of premises at eged to be a nulsnDce, may Issue a ?substitute" or dummy subpoena and, vithout serving It on the owner, may ;o into court and have his place pnd ocked. ft also provides that the judge may speed up the case If his docket is congested by referring It to a master for proceedings nnder equity rules. |TAI,Y greatly strengthened its posl 1 tion In central Europe last week by the signing of a treaty "of friend ship, conciliation and Judiciary regu lation" with Austria. This, as a Rome correspondent says, means that post war Austria's 7.000.000 Inhabitants will be added to the circle of friends Italy has been cultivating In the Danublan states, and which, at present, in cludes Hungary and Bulgaria, plus the diminutive Adriatic monarchy of A1 bania. It means likewise that, besides burying the hatchet In South Tyrol, Italy extends her range of influence to the border lines of the little entente Austria, on the other hand, makes a noteworthy advance from her pre vious status of a political zero through this Italian alliance.' npUItOUGH Riga, Latvia, the world 1 has learned that recently nearly five hundred former officers of the old Russian Imperial navy have been put to death by the cheka or secret police. Because of the crisis In diplomatic relations between Moscow and Berlin and Paris, the Soviet foreign trade monopoly Is contemplating a trade boycott of Europe and concentrating Its European purchases In the United States, according to the Soviet trade delegate in Riga. CONGRESS authorized the Presi dent to send a commission to Haiti to study conditions there, and ?lr. Hoover last week was considering the make-up of that body. The com mission, the President said, will be charged with the responsibility o( recommending when and how the United States is to withdraw its mili tary forces from the negro republic. It will also recommend the policy which this country should follow dur ing the years that will elapse before American occupation ends. ' I (ft. IMS. Western X?ws??p?r Cmlns-I Where Washington Worshiped Christ church in Alexandria. Ve_ where George Washington was a vestryman, la bis boyhood ho attended the nril church at Pohkk. Superb Courage of Washington When Washington took command of the New England troops besieging Boston he assumed responsibility for more men under arms than he had ever seen before. The numbers were embarrassing not only as a problem of direction but as one of organ!zution. He owed his appointment to two things, one the necessity of overcom 1 Ing the colonial jealousies in New Eng land and the other of bringing the South definitely in with the North. Principally for the second reason John Adams opposed the appointment of | John Hancock as chief in command and procured the appointment of Col 1 onel Washington. Probably at no time was the profes sional soldier's contempt for untrained citizens in arms, for trained bands, militia, and an armed rabble greater I than It was before Concord and Bunker Hill In New England, but the I attack on the hill taught respect for ! the Colonials behind earthworks and ! In entrenchments. However, It went I no farther than that. In spite of the Inherent defects of the trnop organization and supply the | New Englanders had done their work i well. Their chief, Artemas Ward, and his associates. Heath, Knox. Arnold. Stark, etc., may not have been skilled soldiers, but they were determined and brave, and devotion never reached a higher level of courage than It did in such men as Warren and Presentr. The 17.000 Colonial militiamen whom Colonel Washington found about Bos ton had taught the British profession als two costly lessons. Distinguished British generals with a competent force.were besieged and uncertain both as to what to do and how to do IL Knew British Weakness. Several things dictated Washington's subsequent military course.' KIrst was ids own physical and moral courage. That was his best military equipment. It wn9 unhesitating and unfaltering. Second probably, was his experience with British regular troops. He had seen them lose their discipline under terror. It was not a proper Indictment of Braddock's regulars that they could ^pot fight the French and Indians ns the Virginia riflemen could fight thetn. The disaster was that they would not obey orders. The third was his dis trust of minnte men, militia, and of undisciplined riflemen. It is true that men of that type won the principal American successes, as at Oriskany, Bennington. Saratoga. King's Mountain, and Cowpens, but it was Washington's army which kept the pressure on the British points of con centration. It was Washington's distinctive char, acterlstic that he would attack. That quality was developed In biru ns If he had the experience, the genius, and the resources of any one of the great generals of history. He had two pinna to throw the British out of Boston. Both were vetoed by his council. Both were amazingly andaclous. Both mav have been very foolish. One was fo attack ocrosa the Ice If it became solid enough to permit It. The other was to attack In rowboats. It Is one thing for an untrained general and an untrained command to resist behind cover, but only a man with Washing ton's courage would have seriously considered assaulting a fortified city ! supported by a fleet and held by disci plined troops. Hit Greatest Exploit. When be attacked at Trenton his army had been shattered by Its experi ences at Brooklyn Heights, by its oar? row escape from the easy-going Howe, by its retreat across New Jersey, by losses in battle, by desertions, and by the defection of the surrounding coun tryside. It is true that something had to be done to revive the expiring tlarne of American resolution and courage. but here was an exploit of pure determi nation and serene heroism which took the fragment of a beaten army across the Delaware to risk an adventure which might have meant the end When Howe moved out of New York on the misguided campaign which took Philadelphia at flie sacrifice of Bur goyne. Washington plated himself be tween the British and the capital. Hi was defeated at Brandy wine, but in spite of that he later attacked at Ger mantown and nearly won. It has been said that his plan of action was too good, that it required movements his officers and men were unable to exe cute. This attack was regarded as an I other audacity proving that Washing ton did not know when he was licked and consequently could not be. The battle of Gennantown. although los:. had its parr, along with Saratoga, In convincing France that in supporting the Americans it might pick or make the winner. Glorious Victories. When Howe withdrew from PliITa delpliia to return to New York, Wash ington undertook to harass and. if pos sible, intercept the movement, and at Monmouth lie again attacked an enemy which was not hunting trouble at thjf time or place. The taking of Stony Point by light Infantry under General Wayne was an example of military maneuver obvious ly attractive to the character of Wash ington as a soldier. It was without powder, and the men who climbed the bluff's in the night know that the near est officer would kill anyone who fired a shot. They had nothing but their bayonets. Again, at tiie taking of re doubts No. 0 and No. 10 at Yorktown. the French the one, the American light infantry the other, there was no pow der. At every opportunity Washington took the aggressive with courage and confidence which disregarded cautious consideration of what he had to hit and of what be had to hit with. When he took command before Boston he had many military lessons of general ship to learn from experience, but he did not have to acquire courage. Thar was in his stout heart, and it was the quality which made the Declaration of Independence good. SEEN AT TWILIGHT ? n Frw vkaltm pooWaa II to otorood. or to ?toot Mffct. tfco Wukhfta ?!?????? It oofeb to Its dtopb ? fHlrsTo Scene/" In. ?qriaM U r* ? ??? The Grain Market of Antioch. Syria. IPrvparsd by tB? National Gaoaraphla Society. Waablnirton. D. C-> STRIA, Where France, In charge oniler a mandate. Is considering a new constitution for the Re public of Syria, changes little in its life and customs whether it Is In control of Turk or Latin. Land in Aieiandreffa. drive for three or four honrs over the hills, and yon will And Antioch not greatly different from the Antioeh which the Crusaders found , StJO years ago. But It is different front the Antioch that Greet kings and Ro man soldiers knew more than a millen iom before. The present town nestles nnder the slopes on which its ancient forerunner once stood. "The Crown of the East,** as classic Antioch was caiied. Is today a much-battered di adem, traces of a Roman aqueduct anil of a city wall, once wide enough for four-horse chariots to drive along the top, alooe remaining of her architec tural Jewels. Temples and public baths, theater and ampitheuter, senate, honse ami imperial palace?ail have followed their architect kings, the Seleucidae. Into dosty oblivion. The facility with which a westerner may degenerate under the Orient's speli Is proverbial. The Romans suc cumbed to It at Antioch; and the stal wart Crusaders, having captured part of the city, became too demoralized by it to finish the job. At last, thanks to a salutary earthquake?perhaps noth j ing less would have roused them?they I begirt themselves, invested the city, and instituted a massacre. Antioch Not a "Genu n? Antique." A truly edifying moral attaches to j the decadent Antiochenes. Possessing a scurrilous wit and the gift of invent ) ing objectionable nicknames, they tried j their pleasantries on Chosroes, the in. ; vadlng Persian. But Chosroes couidn t take a Joke and promptly destroyed I their beautiful city. Though It was rebuilt, successive earthquakes did their purf, ami the | ' Antiochenes did theirs by using tile j j debris of Imperial edifices to repair I their homes. Today. Antioch. once the ' j objective of armies. Is shunned even j by the modern army of tourists: fur | it is not a "genuine antique," being therein like its bazaars' "Roman' thumb rings and bracelets, which are too often the work of Aleppine copy ists. who eicet the centuries In pro ducing line verdigris effects. Aleppo, which is reuched after six hoars of motor car travel over a fair road through the plain, is Syria's first reminder to the southbound traveler that he Is in the land of white-clad Arabs, of the smiting glare of nenr by deserts, of oriental civilization un interrupted since antiquity. Indeed, there are Aleppines who will gravely assure you that the city's Arabic name of Ualeb-at-Shabba (that Is. "the dappled cow has been milked") refers to the fact that Abraham opened a free milk station there in Biblical times: Whether or not this gloss would withstand higher criticism, it is hardly less to be chuckled over than Shakespeare's reference to the good ship Tiger sailing for Aleppo, which is something like seventy miles inland. It Is trade centeis rather than sump tuous capitals which endure: and Al eppo. known to the ancient Egyptians long before Antioch sprang Into exist, ence. has been carrying oo her tra dition of "business as nsnal" for cer tainly four thousand years. A strang er. entering Its great baiaar from the street's blinding, sand-colored vistas, can easily lose himself in the cool twi light of those labyrinthine tunnels. It la veritably a walled town within a city, an almi>st night-black town, when, at Mgh noon, the air holes in the roof are mashed against the son. In Aleppo's Bazaar. Place yeorselt near an unmaaked roof hole, though which falls a twenty foot column of sunlight, cutting the gloom like a plunged sword. For ail you can see outside of its areu. tha bazaar street might be drapes! in black; but by ones ami twos, figures emerge frown the btuukness. pass through tlie shaft of light and are swallowed up in tha blackness beyond. Thus, in cinemalike "close ups." glar ingly illuminated, they flash past the types of the East ilere is a donkey bea-ing two bags jure and led by a patriarchal figure (it might be the ghost of Abraham dis pensing free milk). Two swathed and sailed Moolem women, black, phan toms. who are "window shopping* from booth to booth, appear and vanish. A diminutive bnzaar boy, in flapping skirt bearing tiny cups on a brass salver, darts through the light shaft with complimentary coffee for his mas ter's new customers. A hunch-buck beggar, clutching together his vermi nous rags, poses la the glaring circle with outstretched palm. A trio of Aleppine liandies. wearing white, tusseled caftans and -ong-skirt ed sun-outs striped in yellow and black, swagger past, fingering the pom mels of their Damascene knives. A bowed, green-turbaned priest, with snowy beard and benign eyes, puces by. tile glare ilinmiaating the string of amber beads which hangs from bin toying fingers. Such a mass of trailition has accu mulated aniunil Syria and Palestine that one is apt to expect his trip thnrngh those countries to be one of continuous inreresr. To say that they contain great barren stretches of noth ing in particular. Interspersed with oases of absorbing charm, would he much nearer to fact Thus, in an entire day of 23 miles of railway travel from Aleppo south ward. one sees little except treeless, tun-scorched plains containing Dnt two considerable towns, with here and there a Kurdish "beehive" village whose unpartitioned mud huts, set closely together, resemble a cluster of large, brown bowling pins. _ -Southward on tha Railway. It is a relief to the eye. upon Hear ing llama, to fiad that fiat-roofed, mud- ? waited town lying in a stripe of .lark green verdure between the dust-brown slopes, the Orontes river snaking past some great water wheels, at tbeii ceaseless work of Irrigation. Such a friend is the water bearer in Syria that, like desert springs, each of these wheels is dignified by its own name. Black minarets of basalt lift Intc view, marking Homs, at which station the train halts, so that everyone can enjov a fifteen minute smoke: or ec one "gathers from the presence of va rious small boys, who run along the platform, carrying lighted calabash pipe^ and shrieking in Arabic. "Let your uargiles before the tram starts. Brown fingers beckon from train windows, and pipes are handed aboard to putriarchal Arabs, who therenpoo sink back to part away, their eyes half closed, for a blissful session of that half doze which the Turks call kief. There follow to the south dreary wastes of sun burned plain, scattered with jagged rocks?a barren belt which mysteriously sustains the shaggy goats and their savage-faced maters, who squat about Isolated black teots-oo either baud the curved breasts of the I Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon hilla.
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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Feb. 13, 1930, edition 1
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