The Alamance gleaner j
VOL. LVI. GRAHAM, N, C., THURSDAY FEBRUARY 27, 1930. NO. 4.
1?Gov. Theodore Roosevelt addressing the Porto Rlcan legislature concerning his projects to alleviate distress
in the island. 2?Biltraore, the mansion of George \V. Vanderbilt at Asheville, N. C? which is now thrown open
certain days each week so the public may see its treasures of art. 3?Strikebreakers in the taxi chauffeurs' strike at
Pittsburgh donning steel helmets to prevent broken heads.
NEWS REVIEW OF
GURRENTEVENTS
President Hoover Tries to
Speed Up Senate?French
Crisis Delays Parley.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
PRESIDENT HOOVER returned to
Washington from his Florida trip
with the conviction that congress, es
pecially the senate, must be prodded
into speedier action If business were
not to suffer seriously. So he invited
leading Republicans of both houses to
breakfast at the White House and
asked them what could be done to
expedite the work on the tariff bill
so that other important measures
could be passed. The replies he re
ceived were not encouraging. Sena
tor Watson, floor leader of the upper
house, was of the opinion that the
tariff measure might be passed by
March 10, but was far from certain.
Representative Tilson and others from
the lower house thought the house
would get through the remaining ap
propriation bills within the next three
or four weeks and then would take
three-day recesses whHe the senate
was catching up. Mr. Tilson hoped
congress might adjourn about June 1,
but admitted that little legislation
would be enacted unless the senate
speeded up.
Mr. Hoover was especially concerned
about the slowing down of business
recovery due to uncertainty regarding
the tariff, and also because delay In
passing pending appropriation bills
might necessitate the * laying off of
from 10,000 to 20,000 men employed
on public works construction. The leg
islative program of the WIckershara
law enforcement commission was not
mentioned, indicating that this is not
of such pressing concern to the Presi
dent as the tariff bill and appropria
tion bills affecting public works. The
Republican senate leaders informed
the President that the coalition of
Democrats and radical Republicans
was in complete control of tlie tariff
situation.
THIS breakfast aroused the Ire of
the Democrats in both houses and
they spent hours in attacking Mr.
Hoover. Senator Pat Harrisoo sought
to blame the Republicans for delay in
disposing of the tariff bill and asked
Senator Watson if the President had
promised to sign the measure If It
reached him In its present form as
amended by the coalition; which ques
tion, Watson declared, was silly. Rep
resentative Byrns of Tennessee, chair
man of the Democratic congressional
campaign committee, asserted that the
President having claimed responsi
bility for prosperity for the Repub
lican party, must bear the blame for
unsatisfactory conditions. He denied
the announcements of administration
spokesmen, including Secretary of La
bor Davis, that business is on the up
grade.
Garner of Texas, minority leader of
the house, issued a statement saying:
?The titular party leader in the White
House is lacking in either courage or
capacity to lead, and the consequent
bewilderment of congressional leader
ship is a reflection of the deepening
disappointment of the American peo
ple In the promised and expected
major part the President was to play
In shaping national affairs to the bet
ter ends of national needs."
TWO more days were given to the
wets in the hearing on dry Is-v
modification measures before the house
Judiciary committee, and they took
foil advantage of tbeir opportunity.
A recess was then taken until the fol
lowing week, when the drys were
to be heard. Representative Llnthl
cum of Maryland, generalissimo of the
foes of prohibition, made the open
ing statement and then followed an
imposing list of witnesses. These in
cluded Capt. W. H. Stayton, chair
man of the board of the Association
Against the Prohibition Amendment;
Henry B. Joy, Detroit millionaire and
former head of the Packard Motor
company; Dr. Samuel Harden Church,
Pittsburgh, president of Carnegie in
stitute; Dr. Charles Morris, New York
health officer; Col. Grayson M. P. Mur
phy, New York director of Bethlehem
Steel compahy; Benedict Crowell,
Cleveland, former assistant secretary
of war; Dr. L. W. Williams, New
York, head of the New York Academy
of Medicine, and Ralph M. Shaw, at
torney, of Chicago.
Senator Brookhart of Iowa announced
that unless the senate Judiciary com
mittee reported favorably one of the
two pending resolutions for a sweep
ing investigation of prohibition en
forcement methods, he would carry
the fight to the senate floor. "If there
is corruption In the prohibition forces,"
said he, "we've got to know it and to
know who is to blame for it.n
FRANCE'S cabinet crisis stopped np
the proceedings of the naval par
ley in London for the time being, since
the entire French delegation withdrew,
announcing it would not take part in
further discussions until a new gov
ernment had been formed. The down
fall of Premier Tardieu and his min
istry, which was due to Its defeat on
an important tax measure, might con
ceivably have a marked effect on the
cotfrse of the negotiations in the par
ley. If the French Socialists and rad
icals, who are committed to reduction
of armaments, consented to take part
in the new government, the demands
of Premier Tardieu for a fleet of 724,
000 tons might be greatly scaled down
so that the figures could be met by
Italy, and would not force the British
to repudiate the Ooover-MacDonald
bargain of last summer. In this lies
really the only hope that the confer
ence can arrive at a pact providing
for actual reduction of naval arma
ments. Otherwise, all it can be ex
pected to evolve will be a treaty for
limitation, with possibly the mutual
security pact asked by France. It is
hardly to be expected that the United
States would enter into such a se
curity treaty since that would Involve
entanglement in European affairs. In
deed, Senator Robinson told the Amer
ican correspondents the United States
wouldn't Join in any pact requiring it
to employ armed forces to enforce
"obligations assumed with other na
tions." The American delegation had
approved this statement In advance.
Dino Grand! gave out the formal
statement of Italy's naval policy and
requirements on Wednesday. Besides
reiterating the demand for parity with
any other continental power?mean
ing France?he upheld the thesis that
naval needs are not absolute, as France
claims, but are relative, and declared
that no level of tonnage Is too low
providing other countries reduce pro
portionately.
!
SOVIET r.nssla's war on God Is
causing a lot of excitement In
many parts of the world and Chris
tian organizations, and Indiriduals
are nrglng "Intervention," though It
la difficult to fee by what right any
other nation conld Interfere with what
so far Is wholly a domestic Issue In
Russia. The campaign Is being car
ried on vigorously by the Militant
Godless league with apparently the
full support of the Soviet government,
and countless churches In many cities
and towns have been closed as places
of worship and converted to other
nses. The league bitterly resents tbe
| protests In other countries and defies
and villifles Pope Pius who issued an
encyclical against "persecutions of
Christians in Russia." Sergius, who
was set up as the metropolitan of the
Orthodox Russian church to succeed
the late Patriarch Tikhon. and who
says he represents "some tens of mil
lions of faithful," is entirely subservi
ent to the Soviet government, and in
an interview given to foreign corre
spondents he asserted he and his ec
clesiastical collaborators were quite
satisfied with the position of the
church and Christians in Russia. He
said the pope was the enemy of the
Orthodox church and that his state
ments against the Soviet Union were
unchristian and unjust.
The tone of the Soviet press In
commenting on the matter Is violent
and defiant. The Leningrad branch
of the Godless league promises that
atheism will be extended to other
lands until "the godless workmen of
the whole world will convert the Vati
can into a museum and a scarecrow of
the Roman pope will stand near a
scarecrow of the pagan Siberian
shaman as monuments to the errors
and fictions disseminated by priests
during thousands of years. The war
fare on religion is a fight for social
ism."
MOSCOW Isvestla, the organ of
the Soviet Union, asserts that
Bolshevism Is facing the most critical
period in Its relations with capitalis
tic nations and that a new war be
tween Russia and the rest of the
world Is certainly and inevitably ap
proaching. It says that the Soviet
government has decided, in order to
protect Itself, to increase Its propa
ganda among discontented classes in
foreign countries, and that through
sabotage, strikes, and terrorism, any
attacks against the Rjjji home land will
be made ineffective, according to the
paper. It also predicts that capital
ism will be painfully astonished by
events in their countries should they
attempt to attack Russia.
FEARS that Commander Byrd and
his expedition would be compelled
to remain for more months in the
Antarctic were dispelled when news
came by radio from "Little America,"
his headquarters, that the relief ship.
City of New York, had made its way
into the Bay of Whales sheathed in
Ice and that the expedition a few
hours later sailed for home.
GEN. UMBEBTO NOBILE is no
longer to be considered a hero,
for the Italian government has made
public the record of the Investigation
Into the disastrous flight of the di
rigible Italia In the Arctic regions,
and It brands Nob He's conduct as ut
terly indefensible. Captains Mariano
and ZappI are given a clean slate by
the Investigating commission.
THE body of Earl Borland, com
panion of Carl Ben Eielson. noted
Arctic flyer, has been found near the
wreckage of their plane which crashed
November 9 last. 90 miles southeast
of North Cape. A few days later the
searchers also found the body of Eiel
son buried deep under the snowdrifts.
Alexander p. moore of Pitts
burgh. recently appointed ambas
sador to Poland, succumbed to tuber
culosis of tbe throat and lungs at Los
Angeles, never having the chance to
serve In bis poet at Warsaw. Besides
being a well-known newspapey- pub
lisher. llr. 11 no re had gained ?stlno.
tlon In the field of diplomacy. Presi
dent Harding made him ambassador
to Spain, and under President Cool
ldge he was ambassador to Peru, and
in both poets he was eminently suc
cessful. He was a lifelong Repub
lican save that he supported Col.
Theodore Roosevelt In tbe Bull
llooee campaign.
(A. tt>?. VNtint Nrwsespor Unlaw.)
I SANDY |
[ COULD SEE :
[ A SILVER |
; LINING |
t nit:
j (S by D. J- Walah.>
FROM tbe little shanty Id the mld
die of his melon patch. Sandy
Clay watched the black clouds |
| rolling down from the northwest.
"Nobody'd stop to steal melons In
i the face of a storm like that." he
! mused. Then he started for the corn
field. a short cut for home.
Five minutes later he emerged, limp- j
Ing onto the porch and dropping Into
an old locking chair, to recover his
breath. Mrs. Clay and the two chil
dren were peering anxiously from tbe
outside cellarway.
"Come out!" he commanded In a
cheery voice. "ICs no cyclone. Too
late in the season. Anyhow, you never
see twisters from clouds that reach
clear across the sky like that."
".No," retorted Mrs. Clay, somewhat
reassured but still apprehensive, "and
you never heard of a stray shot from a
hunter's rifle hitting you in the foot
and laying you up for several weeks
?till it did."
"There, now," said Sandy, "it might
have been worse. Get into the house
and we'll shut the door?It's safer.
Here comes the overture."
The overture included howling winds
driving sheets Of rain in all directions
while vivid lightning cut the black
Dess. Then came an ominous lull. A
sharp click and a blue flash, instant
ly followed by an earth-Jarring crash,
started the children crying.
"There, now." said Sandy. "Nobody s
hnrt?and it might have been worse."
"Listen!" cried Mrs. Cloy. "Worse
is coming?hail!"
In five minutes all was over. Even
the ground teas still white with frozen
pellets, the sun was breaking through
the clouds and a beautiful rainbow
formed the prosceninm arch set with
financial tragedy for Sandy Clay.
A neighbor, driving by. paused at
the gate. "Well. Sandy." he shouted,
"your melon vines are pounded out of
sight and your corn here Is shredded,
but the hail never touched your long
forty in the lower bottom. The storm
was Just playing out when It reached
there."
"Good!" exclaimed Sandy. "That
lower forty is good for seventy bushels
of corn to the acre, so it might have
been worse. Guess I'll hitch up and
drive round a bit?it s too muddy for
the old dar."
A few minutes later Sandy had re
turned from the stable and stood fac
ing his family with an odd expression.
"Well?" queried Mrs. Clay.
"It might have been worse," replied
Sandy. "That crack of lightning might
have burned the barn, but?we haven't
any team now. I?I guess 1II walk
over and take a look at the bottom
forty while?while you're getting sup
per."
In three-quarters of an hour he re
turned. The family ate their supper In
silence till near the close, when Mrs.
I Clay spoke: "I thought I heard a roar
! Ing sound. Is It another storm?"
| "No," said Sandy, pushing back from
: the table, "but the river Is booming.
! Maybe also the noise of the work
trains coming with trntnloads of stone
and steel rails, to hold down the bridge
! and the long trestle. They've got wire
| reports from up river, and they think
; the big fill across the bottom is sure
I to go."
Mrs. Clay eyed her husband sharply
and then, at sight of his wry grin,
burst into a hysterical laugh and ex
claimed: "Go on! Tell me the south
forty Is a total loss, and don't forget
to explain that it might have been
I worse!"
"It might," replied Sandy, gathering
the children in his arms. "We've got
1 Bud and Sis yet. with all their lives,
except five or six years, before 'em
and?and the mortgage on the farm
j Isn't due till next month."
"And maybe by that time your foot
will be well enough to walk when we
| start tramping." said Mrs. Clay, still
laoghing back the tears, "and maybe
by then you'll have learned the folly
of throwing up a good position for
that of the glad, free and Independ
ent life of the Jolly husbandman."
"When one's clear down." replied
Sandy, "there's only one direction re
maining?straight up. Now we'll heve
no horse feed to buy. no melon guards
to hire, no corncrlba to build and?
i and so forth."
j The river continued to rise until
all former high water records were
| broken. The railroad fill and the trestle
' across the valley were swept away.
The bridge, undermined, fell Into the
main channel, and the temporary sc
cumnlatlnn of drift threw tbe force
nf the raging current lengthwise across
the long forty, sweeping away the
black loam as well corn, and
leaving channels and pica twenty feet
deep In the varlegeted subsoil.
One evening, a week afterward.
Sandy returned from what he had
facetiously termed the daily explora
tion of the basement of his bot^m
forty. "Do you know," he said to
Mrs. Clay, "that by some strange
quirk of the glacial drift, 1 happen to
have the only gravel pit of any magni
tude in this part of the state? There's
enough to gravel all the highways In
four counties?and hall can't riddle the
crop. Get me a pillow and blanket, for
I'm going to camp out there tonight?"
"Sandy Clay, you needn't tell me
that gravel is so precious that you'll
have to guard it like a n>elon patch!"
Mrs. Clay's voice showed signs of
strained patience, as she continued:
"Has the hot sun on that wet ground
filled you full of malaria and affected j
your head?"
"Not so much that I don't know I've
found one of the largest and best pre- j
served skeletons of the ancient inasto- ;
don ever brought to light. I had Pro- I
fessor Dean of the university on ihe
phone today. He agrees with me. that
such a fine specimen should bring a
high figure. He's coming tomorrow, j
Meantime, I'm taking no cfcances of
some other person having seen the
find before I saw It.
"And the railroad company wants to :
boy the land. They'll give me a year ,
to remove the gravel, then with a little
dredging they'll change the course of
the river to run through the long forty,
cutting out the4roublesome bend. They
will relocate their track across the
valley, bringing a bridge across the
new channel before diverting the wa- 1
ters, so you see It might have been?"
Mrs. Clay Interrupted: "How much
Is that washed-out forty, that I ad
vised you not to buy, going to bring?
bones, gravel and all?"
"It should net $20,000 or more," re
plied Sandy. "And by the way. Pro
fessor Dean said I could have my old
position hack within the year, at a
substantial increase In salary, as there
is to be a number of changes in the
faculty, and?"
"Are to be Prof. Sandford Clay. If
you are going hack to the university,
you'll have to commence polishing your
language."
Professor Clay was giving his erst
while lame foot the benefit of a few
setting-up exercises as he replied:
"That advice might have been
worse."
Won Fame in Many Lines
William De Morgan, artist and nov
elist. was horn In London on Novem
ber 1G, 1831). Educated at University
college and the Academy schools, he
became a meraraer of the circle which '
gathered around Bossetti. William
Morris and Burne-Jones, and experi
raented in various forms of decorative
art. He set up a kiln, discovered some
of the secrets of the old pottere. and
. formed a firm to develop the manufac
| tore of tiles and pottery on a com- j
mercial scale. Many fine examples of
his work are in the ceramic galleries
of the Victoria and Albert museum.
London. In 1005, when he was over
sixty-five, he retired from business and
began his successful career as a nov
elist. "Joseph Vance.** fragments of
which had been rescued from destruc
tion by his wife, appeared in ID!**. He
died in I-ondotj of trench fever on Jan
uary 13, 1017.
To Enjoy Human Nature
The wisest as well as the most gen
erotis form of humanity Is that which
is ready to accept people much as they
are. It never has a watchful eye on
their edification. It at her It watches to
see what auiusing characteristic or
lovable qualify It may discover and
admire. lr gives ample elbow room
for all the differences which make hu
man nature the baffling. Interesting
and Inspiring thing it Is.?Exchange.
In Jtffcrion'i Honor
The JeflTersoo Memorial foundation
was formed April 13, 1923, on the on*
hundred and eightieth anniversary of
Thomas Jefferson's birth. It has a<*. j
quired Jefferson's home. Montlcello,
and Is devoting Its efforts to Its op
keep and restoration.
Tw.ca u Mack Surface
Mrs. I.astcrjr?i'our prices are get
ting awfully high. You're charging
twice as much for cleaning this pair
of gloves as I paid for cleaning a din
ner gown last week.
The Clerk?Yes'm. Y'see. there's
two gloves.
Spoiling Ik* Mstapkor
Mr. Oldsport?Do you doubt my
love* Look In my eyes and rend It
there. The eyes are the windows of
the soul.
Miss Goldentlde?Windows of the
soul! That's so. Your eyes do look
awfully glassy.
Deliffbt il Occupation
One of the desirable conditions In
any walk of life Is lots to do. That
paraphrase of the name of Lief the
Locky. Into Loaf the Lncky. Isn't an.
There's no lock In ldleoess.?SL Lonts
Globe-Democrat.
iTiciinn,cro? | '
mnmran
View of Puetlo Bonito. New Mexico.
? w. th# National Oao?raofcl?
<pr*pnr**\ by tn* _ <-. .
iocWty. W^htMtoa c"? f
Is TI1K isolated Indian pueblos ol
Sew Mexico and Arizona during
,he past six years scientists hate
l.een gathering J?,a lh*t b
been made it possible for tlieru o
write one of the most fas.'in-.tina d^
teotive stories of science that has been
unfolded since scholars deciphered
famous liosetta Stone of *
work, carried on by Neil M- ;1' '
Dr. Andrew E. Douglaan under the
auspices of the National Graphic
society, has involved the /ol^tton
of thousands of samples of w
living trees and of benros from reined
Indian villages so that the tree nMX
"the fingerprints of time ' o{
studied and compared. As a
this work a unique free-ring calendar
has been constructed which exten<l
known dates in the New Worid bo^
to a time more than eight centuries
before the arrival of the Spaniards
in what is now sooth western Lotted
translating the story told by the
tree rings laid down during the past ,
twelve and a quarter centuries the
scientists have established ?
ology for that period more accurate
than if human han .s had written down |
the major events as they oc?,r? '
It is now possil.le definitely to an
pounce the important dates in re hi*
tory of I'ueblo Bonlto, oldest and
latest of the great Indian ountuun
ities in l.'tiaco Canyon. New Alex.c
excavate.! and partially reconstructed
by the National Geographic socle y.
Furthermore, It Is possible now o
date nearly forty prehlstoric rems ln
the Southwest and reconstruct there
a succession of major events through
which Indian settlements rose passed
their heyday, and disappeared,
i just as. the far-famed liosetta Stone
provided the key to the
teries of ancient Egypt, so the oorie^
tion of an unbroken seres of tree
rings has made clear the chronology of
tl e Southwest.
Through this work we have learned
of some outstanding events In America
which were contemporaneous wLhtbe
conquest of Spain by the Ucors. sn
know that certain Fueblo Indian
settlements were enjoying their golden
when William the Conquerer
Js^d Harold the Saxon a, the Rattle
?f These "researches have carried the
Jendar back to A. D. ? * -be
Southwest, and they have P
the beginnings of ? continuous weath
er chart for 1JH? years.
Tree Ri?C* ^"e" Much.
Many a prehistoric jewel has t*en
riven to the flames unwittingly be
cause no one knew the importance o
tree rings in recording Ihe pussagviof
years. Where fuel was scarce, frag
ments of precious timbers at many an
ancient ruin in the American south
west have been used as firewood by
the sheep-herder, prospector, and even
archeologist. Tbey were scraps of
wood, nothing more. The KM.
1 of the stone which the builders re
jected. but which became the bead
stone of the corner, has found a coun
terpart in the wood that the modern
searcher overlooked. for It has be
i come a key to prehistoric chronology.
Through long-past ages and with un
broken regularity, trees have Jotted
down a record at the close of each
fading year?a memorandum as to bow
they passed the time: whether en
riched by added rainfall or Injured by
lightning and fire. By learning how to
read these records?specifically those
of the pines?we have discovered a
magic key to open mysterious books
and interpret the meaning of their
writings.
In favorable regions, rings in trees
may be Identified, each one in Its ap
propriate year, and traced back till we
-et to the Utmost reach of living trees,
and then beams from ancient ruins
and buried logs carry the story back
for many more centuries.
Tli us these tree records bare pro
vided us with an American calendar
ranching beyemd the riae of Charlea
Alartef or tbe Alohnrameiian Invusism
of India. Some of these trees were euc
a.thousand years ago. From them we
hare learned the exact building dares
of major ruins of the southwestern
United Stares as definitely as we hare
been able to lis the dates of old World
monuments of the ancients whose rec
ants are inscribed on stone.
Seen from one angle, the assembling
of these tree-ring samples pushes bncic
the bounds of history In onr Southwest
and gives us ^puman activities?even
tragedies?among the native inhabi
tants for honiireds of years. From an
other angle rhis history in trees tella
us the cllmatie story of the Southwest
with ainaaing accuracy.
W hen s real theory of climate has
been developed and we can predict
drought aod flood over a period of
years, this Arizona story la tree rings
will have played a creriitable part in
developing that climatic foresight
which is perhaps the most valuable
economic advantage yet lying beyond
our reach.
Rjading the Rscordn.
The method used in extending the
historical calendar of the Southwest
is the outcome of a long attempt to
read the diaries of trees. Every year
the trees in our forests show the swing
of Times pendulum and pnt down a
mark. They are chronographs, record
ing clocks, by which the succeeding
seasons a e set down through definite
Imprints Every year each pine adds
a layer of new wood over its entire
living surface of trunk and branches.
If every year were exactly the same,
growth rings would teil the age of the
tree and little more. Only la rare
cases would they record exceptional
events of any interest^to us. But a
j tree is not a mechanical robot; It is a
living thing, and its f<>od supply and
! adventures through life all enter into
its diary. A flush of lightning, a forest
^ Are. insect pests or a falling neighbor -
? may m-ke strong impressions on its
life and go into its diary.
But in tbe arid regions of our South
west, where trees are few and other
i vegetation scarce, the most important
| thing to man and trees la rainfall. So.
in the rings of the ralkative pines we
And lean yeurs and far years recorded.
The same succession of drought and
rlenry appears throughout the forest.
This fact helped vastly in the dating
work, for certain sequences of years
become easily recognized from tree
to tree, county to county, even from
state to state.
The development of this tree-ring
study presents sr. example of bow a
scientific esearch starting witb a defi
nite Idea may lead Into unforeseen
channels. Originally Doctor Douglass'
work was a study of sun spots. It Is
known that there" Is a periodicity In
their occurrence; they are most num
erous at Intervals of eleven years; As
?n aid In that astronomical investiga
tion. he studied trees, for solar
changes affect our weather, and weuth
er In turn alfects the trees In Arizona's
dry elimate. as elsewhere.
Speclflcally, the tree-ring calendar,
as Anally worked out. told these things
about Pueblo Booito. the ran whose
dste problem brought shout the six
years' search: Its earliest recovered
beam was cut in A. D. 919 from a tree
that was 219 years old when cut: and
Pueblo Bonito reached Its golden age
In 11*77 and was still occupied in 1127.
Xot only hss tbe age of this greet one
time metropolis of the Southwest been
fixed, bnt the tree-ring calendar has
also dated some *) other ruins whose
time of occupancy hitherto had been
unknown. Important among these is
the Mesa Verde group of Colorado, in
which Cliff Palace is dated 1073; Oak
Tree House. 1112; Spring House. 1115;
Balcony House. 1190-1316; Square
Tower House. 12W. and Spruce Tree
House, 1216 ami 1262.
Appropriate Nickaaaae
This name "Shoestrlnf Republic" l>
given to Chile because of (be length
of the country In proportion to Us
vMth.