The Alamance Gleaner * VOL. LVI. GRAHAM, N, C., THURSDAY MARCH 13, 1930. . NO. 6. 1?Coolidge dam, !n Arizona, which was formally dedicated by former President Calvin Coolidge for whom it is named. 2?Submarine V 6, latest addition to the American navy, ready for its launching March l."i ut Mare Island navy yard in California. 3?John North Willys of Toledo, Ohio, new American ambassador to Poland. NEWS REVIEW OF CURRENTEVENTS President Hoover's First Year Is Both Praised and Attacked. By EDWARD W. PICKARD WHETHER Herbert Hoover's first year as President is to be con sidered successful depends largely on the political bias and economic convic tions of the one who does the consid ering. The varying views on the mat ter were expressed in the senate by Senator Simeon D. Fess of Ohio, speaking for the administration party, and Senator Pat Harrison of Missis sippi, speaking for the opposition. Senator Fess especially praised the President's efforts to combat business depression, saying: "I regard the handling of the economic forces that were playing toward disaster by the President as the most outstanding ac complishment In the history of the government of which I have ac knowledge on economic lines." He said he was not' entirely sure that it was possible to avoid the cycles in business in which a high business level Is followed by a depression. "If it can be done," continued the Ohio sen ator, "we have the leadership in the White House that will do it; for the President has been working on the problem eight years." In dealing with other features of the administration record during the year Senator Fess discussed farm relief, the tariff, the naval armament confer ence, other international questions, and prohibition. Senator Harrison said he wished to congratulate Senator Fess "on his audacity and nerve in speaking ex planations of the misachievements of the administration during the last year." "If the failure to solve big problems is an achievement, then this admin istration for the last year is a suc cess," said Senator Harrison. "If dis gusting the farmers of the land is an achievement, then this administration Js a success. If dissatisfying labor is an achievement, then this administra tion is a success. If indecision upon the part of a President is an achieve ment, then President Hoover's first year is a great success." UNEMPLOYMENT is of course one of the immediate concerns of the government and furnishes ammuni tion for the opponents of the adminis tration. Secretary of Labor James J. Davis, following a cabinet meeting at which the industrial situation was discussed, asserted that as a result of the Presi dent's activities unemployment has been held to less than one-half that of previous financial crashes. Other ad ministration leaders expressed confi dence that unemployment would be materially relieved within the next few weeks through the federal agen cies called into action by the Presi dent. Opponents of oar prohibition laws closed their case before the honse Judiciary committee on Tuesday with the statements of a number of witnesses, the best known of whom were Breckenrldge Long, former as sistant secretary of state, and Dr. Stewart Paton. psychiatrist of Johns Hopkins. Three women also took the stand. Mrs. Robert W. Lovett of Bos ton, Mrs. Cortlandt Nlcoll of New York and Mrs. Carroll Miller of Pittsburgh. Mrs. Lovett sounded the keynote of the testimony of all three with a dec laration that the anti-prohibition wom en are seeking the same objectives ss the dry women, namely, protection of children, a decrease in crime, and abolition of the commercialized liquor traffic. "But what have we today?" she de manded. "Drunken children, crime on the increase by leaps and bounds, and an illicit liquor frafflc infinitely worse than the open saloon." Mrs. Miller struck out at the W. C. T. U.t which, she asserted, is corrupt ing legislative bodies with its political tactics. Next day the drys began the intro duction of testimony with the first of some fifty witnesses from all parts of the country and from all walks of life. They led off with Samuel Crowther, a writer who has been gathering infor mation on the liquor question for a magazine; Edward Keating, former congressman from Colorado; Dr. Dan iel A. Poling, president of the World's Christian Endeavor union, and Henry M. Johnson, Louisville lawyer. Mr. Crowther said he had asked Thomas A. Edison and Henry Ford to attend the hearing but they were un able to do so. However, both sent tele grams warmly endorsing prohibition and the Eighteenth amendment. It is noteworthy that so far most of the drys emphasize especially the economic benefits the country has de rived from prohibition, while most of the wets dwell particularly on the al leged break down of morals resulting from it. NOT at all to the surprise of those conversant with the grain trade, conditions in the grain market became such that the federal farm board found it necessary to modify its activities in bolstering up wheat prices through the Grain Stabilization corporation and the Farmers' National Grain corpora tion. The change in policy, as announced by Chairman Alexander Legge of the farm board, consists in abandonment of the arbitrary loan price basis es tablished by the board last fall. No more grain will be bought on that basis. Mr. Legge said, though loans will be^nade to co-operatives on the present crop until July 1. Frices for wheat during the week were unsettled and generally lower. Later Mr. Legge was quoted as de claring that a real embargo against shipping wheat from farms to termi nal markets will be put into effect unless farmers hold their stocks until storage facilities become available. He said the board Is endeavoring to avoid such drastic measures during the present grain emergency, but that If railroads are unable to unload cars of grain at terminals an embargo would become Imperative. Officials of twenty-five grain and other farm commodity exchanges held a secret meeting in Chicago and gave out the word that so far as they were concerned the verbal warfare with the farm board was ended. "We have decided to shot up and get back to business as best we can under the situation, despite what poli ticians and governmental spokesmen may say or do." said one of the Chl cagonns who attended the conference. The general opinion of the meeting was reported to be that the gmin tfade was satisfied with the modified policy announced by the federal farm board, withdrawing the fixed prices for wheat paid to co-operatives only. SECRETARY OF STATE STIXISO.V sprung h surprise on the world with a statement in London that the L'nlted States is willing to reduce Its naval armament by more than 200.000 tons. If the fleets, of the other naval power* are reduced accordingly. He said this In reply to reports that the naval conference was likely to result In an Increase Instead of a reduction In the tonnage of the navies of the world, and said his plan seemed to be acceptable to America and Great Brit , France was still holding up the pro ceeding? of the conference although Premier Tnrdieu obtained a good ma jority in the chamber of deputies. The French continue to demand a tonnage of at least 700.000 tons. If they are given this. Italy demands the same total. But Great Britain's fixed pol icy is to have a navy as large as those of any two continental powers, and to have 1,400,000 tons she must add 200,000 tons to the figure on which the agreement with the United States is based. That in a nutshell is the situation, though there are many com plicating side features. The subcommittee of the conference to which was referred Mr. Stimson's resolution on the limitation and ? hu manizing" of submarines reported it could do nothing until the French del egates resumed their part in the nego tiations. Premier Tnrdieu sent Bri and, Pumesnii and others over to Lon don Thursday and went himself on Saturday, so there was a prospect of progress. THURSDAY was denominated "In ternational unemployment day" by the Moscow Communists and parades and other demonstrations by the un employed were held In many cities In Europe and America. In some places there were bloody encounters with the police and in others there was no dis order worth mentioning. Among the activities of the Com munists should be recorded the Insti gation and management of a rebellion of 14.000 high school pupils in Manila. They struck nominally because of al leged Insults by a woman teacher, and the Reds Incited them to sanguinary encounters with the police. Alfred von tirpitz. who was lord high admiral of the German navy during the World war and fa ther of his country's submarine war fare, died In Ebenhausen of bronchi tis at the age of eighty-one years. Cablegrams from Japan told of the death In Kobe of Dr. Arthur T. Had ley. president emeritus of Yale uni versity. He succumbed to pneumonia at the age of seventy-three years. Doc tor Hadley was educated In Yale and Rerlin universities and Joined the fac ulty of his alma mater In 1870. Twen ty years later he was elected to the presidency, retiring In 1021. He was considered one of the world's leading economists. Other deaths included those of d. H. Lawrence, noted English novelist and poet, and Viscount Herbert Glad stone, youngest son of William E. Gladstone. OIL, lumber and sugar combined In the senate last week and brought about a vote of 47 to 30 in favor of an increase in the duty on Cuban sug ar from 1.75 to 2 cents per pound. Nine senators, most of whom are in terested In either oil or lumber, switched their votes, and the resulting combination smashed the Democratic. Radical Republican coalition that has has l>een having Its own way In for mulating the senate's tariff hill. Dur ing the exciting debate Senator far away and others charged that a deal had been entered Into, and there were warnings that the oil, lumber and sug ar trade would be made a campaign issue. The bouse bill Increased the rate on Cuban spgnr to 2.4 cents per pound, so an Increase In this duly Is virtually certain when the senate and house conferees fix up the final draft of the measure. JOHN NORTH WILLY8 of Toledo, Ohio, automobile manufacturer. In the new American ambassador to Po land. His name w?* submitted to Warsaw for approval, which It re ceived. and thh appointment was then announced by Prenident Hoover. The senate had no objection to the selec tion. eriod they were used In great numbers, writes G. Bernard Hughes. In the Boston Transcript. Their scarcity probably is due to the fact that, while in use, they were subjected to destructive in fluences, such as intense heat, mois ture, rust, warping, breakage, etc., which, after a time, would render them useless, and. consequently, they would be discarded. The Important place they occupied among the furnishings of the house, may be surmised from the well-known inventory of Cardinal Wolsey's furni ture at ampton court, where 47 pairs of andirons were made of brass and the others of wrought Iron, and all of varying designs. Many of these were specially made for Wolsey, for they bore his coat of arms. First Form of Plant Lifo Millions of years before the tirst tree existed, long before man walked the earth, or any land animal lived, the , rocks show us that early forms of plant life were In existence. Some, says Forests and Mankind, are remote but recognizable ancestors of trees, and among them are the great club mosses and the early fern-like plants. Species of our older trees have be come less numerous. Once the sun never set on the llriod^ndron, that magnificent tree we variously call tu lip tree, tulip poplar, yellow poplar, and white wood. It grew, says For ests and Mankind. In ull parts of the globe, and ut least nine different spe cies have been found. Now there nre only two species, one In America and the other in far-off China. Proper "Education** Providence bestows its gifts vari ously, but none of us Is unendow ed. A wise system of education would aim at leading out (which is the pre cise meaning of "education") that talent and making the child a success in bis own line. Children should never know they are dull, and parents should never despair. A dull child may be a bright man and a bright child a dull one.? Exchange. Resourceful Girl We're a resource nation. An Amer ican girl In Paris once bolted her mil lionaire father before a Jeweler'* ahop In the line de la Palx and pointed to a tiara surmounted by a coronet. "Pa. buy me that!" she said. "Buy you that?" her father chuckled. "Why. girlie, you've got to be a duch ess to wear that." The girl tossed her head. "1'ou buy It," she said. I'll find the duke."?Chicago Tribune. The Pastor Says: Many hear the call to preach, hut few hear the call to prepare. . . . In the old economical But do all the complicated and elab orate toys of today brine any more pleasure than did the rug dolls and simple toys when they were the only ones that most children knew ??Kan sas City Star. inMEEMMML (MBS In the Palace of the Mirrors, Lahore. (Prepared b| the National Geographic society, Washington. D. c.) THE movement toward the Inde pendence of India bag thrown Into prominence three of the pivotal cities of the pensin ?uln. From Delhi, capital of India, the British officials are keeping close watch of developments; In Lahore met the All India Nationalist congress which Issued the declaration of inde pendence; and in Calcutta, greatest of the Indian cities, there was recently a huge demonstration In favor of Inde pendence. If one spot were singled out In his tory-steeped India as most historic of all, probably It would be the city of Delhi, for both written records and oral traditions extending back for ages tell of power wielded from Delhi's site. New Delhi, constructed to be the sent of the Empire of India, has been built on ground where cities have risen and passed away through the centuries, and about which are situated beauti ful and striking lonuments of one of the world's most powerful empires of the past. Though legend makes Delhi a place of Importance from earliest times, his tory takes no accourt of It until about 1050 A. D., when It was the sent of a Hindu luler. It was captured he Mohammedan Invaders from Afghani Stnn In 1103, and from that time onward was the capital of a Mohammedan In dian empire. Delhi, In the days of the Mohammedan conquest, lay to the south of the present city, and there where the new power was set up. the first Mohammedan ruler, Kuth-ud-din. built in celebration of i.is conquest a tower of victory, the Kutb Mlnar. which stands today and has been called "the most txrfect tower In the world." Capital of tha Great Moguls. Tlmur the Lame (Tamerlane), the Tatar scourge of Asia toward the end of the Fourteenth century, swooped down from Sarmarltand in 139S and sacked Delhi; and In 1S3B bis lineal descendant, Kaber. took the Tatar hordes again Into India. captureJ the city, and founded the Mogul empire, through the fame of which Delhi Is best kno ?n to western ears. In 163S Shah Jahan. the Augustus of the Mo gul emperors, built the present Delbl to the north of the old city and em bellsbed it with mosques and palnees of great beauty. Because of Its rich history as the fountain-head of power In India. Delhi ?not Calcutta, which was then the cap ital?was chosen In 1S77 as the site of the Durbar, or gathering of native kings and princes, at which Queen Vic toria was proclaimed empress of In dia. Again In 1003 Delhi was chosen when a Durbar was held to crown King Edward VJJ emperor, ami once more In 1911 when George V assumed that title. On the latter occasion the new emperor announced that this an cient city of emperors would be re stored as the capital of India and Its 250,000,000 subjects. The following year the viceroy and his administrative council moved Into temporary quarters a few miles north of the city walls of Delhi. It la to the south of the Delhi of recent decades, near the site of the more an dent Delhi, however, that the new per manent capital, planned on an Imperial scale has recently risen. Lahore is the capital of I'unjab state, and one of the ImiMirtant cross roads of India. Not many curious travelers are found there, for the city Is off the beaten paths of tourist travel. Most tourists visit Calcutta and Bom bay and perhaps the Interior cities between them, but Lahore, lying about ? 2UU miles northwest of Delhi, is ? hit ont of the way. i et trains from im portant southern Indian cities connect with lines to the city; railroads from the foothills of the western Eimalaya mountains touch it; there Is s line from Ijihore to the Afghan border no the north; and i.om the west come trains from Karachi, popular Landing field for Eorooe-AsJa aviators. Lahore It Colorful, lathore is about as old as 'be Chris tian era and in some old. walled por tions of the city there has not been much change since the city was first builL Some of the streets are so nar row that sightseers who engage ele phants for a tour watch the natives scurry Into doorways and. as the ele phants pass, flatten themselves against the wall of unattractive houses that flank these byways. Every ticuse has at least one en closed balcony or hay window and no two adjoining booses seem to have them protruding from the same floor. And no two balconies are the same sire. This feature of Lahore houmr construction, and the further fact that I shore's early builders apparently gave no thought to an even huibiing line, make the native thoroughfares a Jumble of uneven masonry and wood. There are few women ou the streets of Ijhore but no marter how many windows a house has. nearly all