THE ALAMANCE GLEANER
VOL. LVI. GRAHAM, N, C., THURSDAY MAY 22, 1930. NO. 16.
1?View In Chengchow, China, center of fighting between Nationalist and northern troops, which foreigners
have been asked to evacuate. 2?Beverly Hills, Calif., celebrating its lead among swiftly growing American cities.
3?John Masefield, new poet laureate of England. 4?Owen J. Roberts of Philadelphia, nominated for associate jus
tice of Supreme court by President Hoover.
NEWS REVIEW OF
CURRENTEVENTS
Senate Votes for Transfer of
Prohibition Bureau to
Law Department.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
TRANSFER of the prohibition bu
reau from the Treasury depart
ment to the Department of Justice was
voted by the senate. This measure,
the flrst and one of the most Impor
tant of the law enforcement bills rec
ommended by the Wlckersham com
mission and urged by the administra
tion, was passed without a record vote
and having previously been put
through the house It went to the
President for signature after a few
minor changes had been concurred In
by the house.
Several of the senators criticised
certain features of the bill, especial
ly the dual control of Industrial al
cohol by the Treasury and Justice de
partments, but Tydlngs of Maryland
was the only one to offer amendments
and his suggestions were speedily
voted down. Mr. Tydlngs argued ear
nestly In favor of an amendment to
permit the use of only nonpolsonous
dennturants in Industrial alcohol, as
serting that present practice was In
effect "giving the death penalty to a
man who commits no greater crime
than violation of the prohibition law."
But a large majority of the senutors
evidently belleyed the statement of
Sheppard of Texas that "poisonous
matter put in industrial nlcohol is
not used In sufficient proportions to
kill."
Under the terms of the bill Dr.
James M. Doran, present commission
er of prohibition, will remain In the
Treasury department, with the title of
commissioner of Industrial alcohol. At
torney General William D. Mitchell
will have the appointment of a new
commissioner of prohibition In the De
partment of Justice.
In connection with Tyding's attack
on the poisoning of alcohol It should
be stated that Commissioner Doran
says his chemists have found that the
many cases of "Jake paralysis" afflict
ing the drinkers of fake Jamaica
ginger are caused by creosote and not
by Iso-propyl, the Industrial alcohol
denaturant prescribed by federal regu
lations.
EXAMINATION of the London naval
treaty occupied the time of the
senate committees on foreign rela
tions and naval affairs and the hear
ing before the former body attracted
capacity audiences. Secretary of State
Stlmson and Admiral William V.
Pratt were the main witnesses heard
by that committee, both of them de
fending the part vigorously.
.Answering objections to the cruiser
provisions of the treaty, which limit
the United States to eighteen 8-lncb
gun cruisers and require the con
struction of 6-inch gun vessels If this
country Is to build np to the pact ton
nage levels, Mr. Stlmson said that
* the American delegation had followed
the wisest course when It decided on
a larger percentage of the smaller
cruisers. By building a larger propor
tion of 6-Inch gun cruisers. Mr. Stlm
son asserted the United States had a
better chance of obtaining actual par
ity than if all 8-Inch gun cruisers
were built.
Before the naval affairs committee
Secretary of the Navy Adams under
took to reply to the attacks of Chair
man Hale on the treaty. Mr. Adams
said that Japan had insisted upon
this country's coming down from its
proposal for twenty-one 8-Inch gun
cruisers and that -the American dele
gation pushed Its demand as far as
possible without breaking off negoti
ations with Great Britain and Japan.
The naval secretary added that lie
considered the delegation made a fair
compromise with Japan.
In England and In Japan there are
groups opposing the treaty, each in
sisting, as do the American objectors,
that the other nations got the best of
the deal.
PRESIDENT HOOVER'S nomination
of Owen J. Roberts to fill the va
cancy on the Supreme court bench
was referred to a subcommittee of the
senate committee on Judiciary and It
was believed a favorable report would
be made soon to the full committee.
Confirmation by the senate also was
anticipated since little opposition was
voiced. Certain of the dry senators
at first objected because Mr. Roberts
was said to have made a speech against
the Eighteenth amendment several
years ago, but afterwords appeared
satisfied with explanations of that oc
currence. President Green of the
American Federation of Labor Indi
cated that organized labor was con
tent with the appointment.
BY A vote of 34 to 27 the senate
passed the third of the Mils spon
sored by Wagner of New York for
the purposing of relieving unemploy
ment through federal aid. This meas
ure provides for an appropriation of
$4,000,000 for the creation of a fed
eral bureau of unemployment headed
by a director who would co-operate
with state and local unemployment
agencies. The other two bills provide
for the gathering of labor statistics
and for a joint commission to ex
pedite federal construction work.
Another Important measure passed
by the senate places Mexican immi
gration under the national origins
quota system and. If It becomes law,
will reduce the number of Mexican
immigrants from 58,000 a year to few
er than 2,000.
GOV. WALTER J. KOHLER of
Wisconsin was acquitted by a
Jury in Sheboyg/inNif the charge of
having violated the state corrupt prac
tices act during his primary campaign
in 1928. The attorneys for the state
prepared to carry the case to the State
Supreme court, but the governor and
his friends consider that he has been
fully vindicated.
D WIGHT W. MORROW. In a speech
opening his campnlgn'for the Re
publican senatorial nomination In New
Jersey, declared be favored repeal of
the Eighteenth amendment and res
toration to the states of the power to
detymlne their policy toward the
liquor traffic. He thinks national pro
hibition is a mistake because It Is not
practicable, but he is against the re
turn of the saloon.
UNCLE SAM wishes to know wheth
er or not the Radio Corporation
of America, Westlnghouse Electric,
General Electric and seven affiliated
concerns are violating the Sherman
antitrust law In pooling their patents
and operations In the Held of radio
equipment manufacture. Therefore the
Department of Justice has tiled suit
against these companies. Owen D.
Young, head of R. C. A., professes to
welcome this action, hoping It will
clear up a confusing patent situation
in the radio industry.
Rear admiral richard e.
BYRD, returning from his epochal
exploration of the Antarctic regions,
landed In the Canal Zone last week
with Ave members of his expedition.
Tbey were given an enthusiastic wel
come at Balboa and again at Panama.
^ v a
and planned to remain on the isthmus
about two weeks. In unother month
the admiral will come back to Virginia
and his ^horne state will greet him in
Richmond with highest honors. Gov.
John Garland will present to him a
sword purchased by more than ten
thousund of his fellow citizens, and
there will be banquets and receptions. !
The sword, designed in silver and
gold, commemorates the famous flights
over the North and South poles and
the Atlantic crossing.
LAST week saw the passing of an
other famous Arctic explorer, Dr.
Fridtjof Nansen, who died of phlebitis
at his home in Oslo, Norway, at the
age of sixty-eight years. For many
years he had been devoted to scien
tific explorations in the Far North,
the most important of his trips being
the expedition of the Fram in 1893.
But Doctor Nansen was more than an
explorer, having gained distinction as
a teacher, author, humanitarian,
statesman and diplomat. During the
war he was high commissioner for
repatriation of prisoners, and later
was Norway's representative to the
League of Nations and head of a
Russian relief commission. These ac
tivities won him the Nobel peace prize.
LEADERSHIP of the civil disobedi
ence campaign in India passed
last week into the hands of Mrs. Sai
ronji Naldu, a distinguished Hindu
poetess, and she proceeded to lead
her forces against the government salt
works at Dharsana. The police pre
vented the raid by blocking the road,
and once arrested the poetess but
released her.
i In. the northwestern part of India
the revolt was increasing in serious
ness and the situation in Lahore and
other important cities was said to be
growing worse daily. A great mob
gained possession of Sholapur after
severe fighting with the troops, but
later the soldiers ousted the natives
and martial law was proclaimed there.
To add to the trials of the British,
they are having trouble with the wild
border tribes along the Afghan fron
tier and have subjected them to aerial
bombing.
PRESIDENT Chiang Kal-sliek of
China is proceeding with the ut
most rigor to crush the rebellion of
the northern provinces and Ids Ger
man-trained troops nre reported to
have gained a great victory In Anh
wel province In a six-day battle, tak
ing 10,000 prisoners and killing mnny.
Pursuing the rebels, the Nationalists
captured their new base at Kwelteh
In Honan province. Capture of that
city, the Nationalists asserted, would
force the northerners to fall back upon
Kaifeng to consolidate their shattered
ranks.
All foreigners were asked by their
consuls to get out of the city of Cheng
chow In Honan, which has been re
peatedly bombed hy Nationalist planes
and was expected to be the center of
severe fighting.
SCCCES8 crowned the efforts of
the first of this year's Atlantic
ocean flyers. Jean Uermoz of Prance
and two companions, carrying mall
from Paris, hopped off from St. Louis.
Senegal. Africa, and landed at Natal,
Brazil. 20 hoors and 16 minutes later,
having flown the 1,075 miles across
water unerringly despite a terrific
electric rainstorm through which they
passed.
Col. Pablo Sldar, star aviator of the
Mexican army, and Lieut. Carlos
Rivisora, who started on a nonstop
flight from Mexico to Buenos Aires,
were killed when their plane crashed
Into the sea off Port Llmon, Costa
Kica. They were attempting to land
during a sadden storm.
'? oo Waattji XmMiMr L'oiM.1
i|\THAT^|i
i | ^YOUTHFUL f |
i I ? SPIRIT ill
4 |0 -? A I ?
if WON OUT "ill
(? by D. J. Walsh.)
EEI.I.A ROCKWELL and her Bis
ter. Mabel, were not eating
breakfast together. They never
ate breakfast together when
they had quarreled. Each bore her
tray to a remote corner and chewed In
silence, like puppies growling over
their bits of bone.
The postman rattled the lid of the
mailbox. They glnred at each other,
then Ella, assuming her prerogative
of being the older, sailed out and got
the mall. She opened the letter,
stared, gasped. Astonishment loosed
ber tongue.
"It's from Brother George's girl,
Nlta. She's coming to see us."
"Nobody's been here for the last ten
years," retorted Ella.
"Good land. There's a car stopping
here!" exclaimed Mabel.
It was an old red roadster. From
it stepped s girl In s plaid coat. She
bounded to the door.
Ella answered the challenging ring.
"We never buy anything of ped
dlers," she said severely.
"Well, I happen to be your niece,
Nlta Rockwell," the girl said airily.
She flung her arms about Ella's thin,
stiff form and kissed ber.
Nlta flung ber hat In one direction,
ber coat and scarf In another. Ella
Immediately picked them up.
"We Just got your letter," Mabel
said lamely.
"Oh, did you? I though maybe I'd
get here ahead of It. You see I
bought that car last night Paid $30
for It A bargain. 1 came from the
next town In seventeen minutes."
"It's sixteen miles 1" Ella stared at
the girl's thin, healthy, spirited face.
Nlta grinned. "1 stepped on it.
Now then, could 1 have a bite of some
kind? Anything will do. I'm not par
ticular."
l [ley nusienea to ieea ner.
Id an hoar she possessed them and
their house. Echoes of her young
voice, her light footstep, filled every
nook and corner.
After food and her short rest Nita
rose. "Guess I'll take a look round
the town," she remarked, casually.
She came to lunch, but she was
late. After lunch she made the same
explanation, and set forth again.
After dinner she Insisted on alt hands
going to the movies. She paid for the
tickets herself. After the mov|es she
curled up In an easy posture and rend
a book. The title of that book mysti
fied Ella. It was "Seven Rules for
Salesmanship." Midnight came. The
sisters wouldn't go to bed; they fell
asleep In their chairs. Then Nita
came out of her study and took pity
od them.
Next morning?"Guess 111 go out
and take a look around the towD."
Nita grinned. But Ella pointed a
stem finger at a chair.
"Sit down there. YouH not stir one
Inch out of this house till you tell me
what you are up to."
"Too are waking upl" Nita laughed.
"I was waiting for you to show In
terest, ask me some questions. Hon
estly, dear aunts, I'm not engaged In
any nefarious occupation. I'm simply
earning my llviDg. I sell the Gwen
doline Beauty Kit"
Mabel bounced, Ella turned white.
, Drops of agoDy stood out on their
long upper lips.
"Yoa're peddling? My brother's
daughter peddling 1" groaned Ella.
"It Isn't peddling, auntie. It's a
mere case of of supply and demand.
| In this town," Nita giggled, "the de
! mand almost exceeds the supply. Let
me show you my order book." She
drew It from her pocket "I've got to
long-distance for a quick delivery of
mere goods. And don't you want to
see the kit?" She sprang from the
chair.
Ella waved aside the proffered rev
elation. "Don't?don't I You sicken
i me. My brother's dsughterl"
"But dad didn't leave me a ceDt,"
Nita said earnestly. "Gwendoline has
proved to be a friend In need. She
put me through college last year. All
! the" girls bought of roe. They got
their money's worth, too. Gwendo
I line?"
"Don't speak that word again In
i my presence. 1 never was so roortl
! fled In all my life. What will Mrs.
1 Swnrthout say?"
"Swnrthout?" Nita peeped Into ber
order book. "Mrs. G. N. Swnrthout?
She bought two kits, one for herself
aod one lo send to her dsughter. Miss
Maybew bought one, Mrs. Benny, Mrs.
Pollock. Miss Angellne Grsnt?" She
rattled off names that mads the sis
ter"s eyes distend. "I re sot o date
tills minute with the Misses Murray. I
ought to be going. Listen, dears, If
you object to my doing this while I
am In your bouse I can get a room at
Mrs. Gordon's?"
Ella gave a kind of shriek. She
hastily left the room. Mabel went
after her. Nltn shook her bead, gave
up the mystery and went forth to sell
more kits.
Next morning she couldn't rise from
bed. "I've picked up a cold In my
travels," she said philosophically. "I'll
Just stay In bed and take a half tea
spoonful of soda In hot water now
and then and I'll soon be over It.
Only?I promised Mrs. Gordon to dem
onstrate at her house this morning.
She's asked In a few friends. If I
don't go I shall lose tny sales." Nltn
burrowed her leaky nose In a hand
kerchief. Iler chin quivered, tears
rolled down her cheeks. She Hung all
her appeal Into a glance tit Mabel.
"Anybody but a high-nosed person
like you would take p-plty on me and
keep thnt appointment for me."
Mabel looked miserable. "Von don't
understand, Nltn. Julia Gordon won't
speak to me. She wouldn't have me
In her house."
"Yes she would. She told me aH
about It. She's been ready to make
up any time these three years."
"She was my best friend once?"
"She Is yet?If you'll let her he.
Aunt Alab 1 Please 1 Here's your
chnnce to make me happy and regain
your old friend."
"Ella wouldn't let me."
"l-enve Aunt Ella to me."
Ella had gone to the grocery after
onions. When she came back Mabel
was gone. A dramatic scene was en
acted In Nlta's room, during which the
girl somehow found a tender spot In
Ella Rockwell's hard heart
Mable came back triumphant, excit
ed, Joyous.
"It was the most fun I ever hud!"
she panted. "1 sold to every one of
them. 1 wish I coulij go right on. To
think of all the years I've pinched and
starved and froze because I'd been
taught It was genteel to be Idle 1 And.
N'lta?1 want one of those kits for
myself. They're the loveliest things
I ever snw In all my born days."
Nltn clapped her hands.
"Take lhat one on my bureau. And
use It I" she said.
Half an hour later Ella peeped Into
her sister's room. Mabel was putting
the flnlshlng touches to a picture; she
had become an artist, and the canvas
was her own face.
"Oh, Ella I" she cried girlishly. "You
must use these things I They're won
derful I And Nlta's going to turn this
territory over to me when she leaves
here I"
"So she says." Elln drew her hand
out from behind her back. In It was
a kit similar to Mabel's.
Railroad Run by Army
One of the few nnrrow-guuge rail
roads now In active service In the
United Stntes Is run by the army at
the Infhntry school reservation at Fort
Bennlng, Ga. The road was construct
ed In 11)20 to handle pnssengers. sup
piles and material over the 110,000 acre
reservation. At thnt time, sa.vs Popu
lar Mechanics Magazine, the rondhed
wns rough and unsettled, the equip
ment and motive power were In crude
condition and wrecks und engine fail
ures were frequent. Improvements
have been steadily mode until now the
system has the latest type of equip
ment and Is efficiently operated under
the direction of the fort's quarter
master department.
Weeks of Varying Length
In aorne places where a market Is
held every third day the week la three
daya long; In diatrlcta where a mar
ket la held every eight daya there la
an eight-day week.
Persia, Java, Celehea, Malayala and
.New Guinea have five-dny weeka. Tho
Muyacaa of 8outh America have a
three-day week. The Chlbchna have a
four-day week.
African weeka vary from three to
eight daya. Kurope and the weatero
hemisphere have a aeven-doy week.
Spinster's Will Brief
That all aplnatera are not loqua
cloua was proved by the wilt of Mlas
Margaret Preston of Monterey, North
Wales, In disposing of an estate val
ued at 11.753,000. The entire docu
ment, Including her full name, address
and description, the appointment of
the executor with similar details, the
disposal of the property and full at
testotlon clause, was contained In 141
words.
Bnrden of Wssltk
"He who seeks rlchet In the hope of
repose," said til Ho, the sage of
Chinatown, "finds he must live In
wakefulness trying to protect them."
?Washington Star.
Soldiers sad Cltiseas
The Inscription. "When we assumed
the soldier we did not lay aside
the cltlxen," appears above the stage
of the amphitheater In Arlington Na
tional cemetery.
IINCONQUERED
ETHIOPIA.
Young Ethiopian Noble*.
(Prepared by the National Geographic
Society. Washington. D. C.)
ETHIOPIA (or Abyssinia), where
the world's newest emperor, Kns
TafTari, has Just taken his
throne. Is the one sizable and
climatically desirable region of Africa
which Is not under European Influence.
It sits aloof on Its elevated plateau,
unconquered, little known, and almost
unsung. Its autonomous ' position,
however, Is not for lack of Interest,
since It Is larger than the republic of
France; It has a delightful and
healthful climate, nmj its economic
resources have large possibilities. It
Is rather because It has natural
strategic advantages of location and
because It Is Inhabited by a wonder
fully patriotic and warlike people,
who have defended It against all
comers.
It we nre not too particular In our
analogies, Ethiopia might be caller!
the Tibet ot Africa. It has no Dalai
Lama and no forbidden city of Lhasa,
with its monasteries, but it does have
a numerous religious people, ancient
and Isolated, living In a mountain
stronghold on the top of a continent.
It Is not now exactly a closed ter
ritory In the way that Tibet Is, but
It has been practically closed for long
periods In tbe past and foreign travel
within Its borders has always been
very limited. In order to enter.lt, one
must usk permission of the Ethiopians
(Abysslnlnns) themselves, rather than
of some European power. With Af
ghanistan and Slam, it is one of the
three absolute monarchies left In the
world.
The beginnings of Ethiopia go back
to times of myth and legend. L'nllke
Egypt, with which some of its early
history was doubtless connected. It
lias left only scanty and very Imper
fect records. That It was peopled
from the north, perhaps from ancient
Juden, with additions from Egypt and
Arabia, Is evident The people, there
fore, ure Hamltlc and Semitic In ori
gin.
Rulers Descended From Solomon.
One of their most cherished tradi
tions Is that of the descent of their
line of rulers from the offspring of
Solomon and the mysterious queen
Mnkedu, or. as now designated, the
Queen ot Shelia, who Is supposed to
hare visited King Solomon at Jerusa
lem nhout 1.000 B. C. From this time
on for some three thousand years
their dynasty Is believed to have con
tinued, and It Is certain that. In spite
of many civil, religious, tribal and
foreign conflicts, they have maintained
themselves as a free and Independent
people.
Their territory has expanded or
contracted froin time to lime, but its
essential Integrity has persisted.
Their civil and social customs, lan
guage, and tbelr outlook upon the
rest of the world also have remained
largely unchanged; so today they
stand as anachronisms In a world
which Is moving at bewildering speed.
Although surrounded by negro tribes
and having some admixture of negro
blood brought In through centuries
of slave-bolding. the Ethiopian Is by
no means h negro. He Is dark
skinned, with hair usually kinky and
lips frequently thick, but he has a
good high-bridged nose, well-set eyes,
and a Arm chin. To this he adds a
proud and dignified bearing and ?
warlike, patriotic spirit, which mark
ulm In an outstanding manner.
His principal language Is Amharlc,
an ancient Semitic tongue, but many
languages and dialects are spoken.
There Is no literature In Amharlc and
only prlesls can read and write In
flees, also of Semitic origin, but a
dead language no longer spoken.
Has a Feudal Government.
The government Is an old-fashioned
feudalism, such as flourished In Eu
rope In the Middle ages Theoretical
ly, the hereditary ruler Is all-powerful,
with the life or death of every man in
bis hands. All are subject to his call
to arms and. through a system Vt
provincial governors, overlords, and
petty chiefs, to taxation and other
forms of service.
Practically, the system Is subject to
some variation; for. In a country with
poor communication and many phys
ical barriers, might can mate right
here as elsewhere, and It is sometimes
possible for a man to rise to com
parative power through bis own ef
fort. Under the feudal system, as In
days of old, the vast majority of the
people are vassals In one degree or
another.
Every little village has its chief,
or shum, and around him are his re
tainers. When he travels or appears
In public they tag at his heels, and
when he Is at home they lie about
his courtyard like so many bunting
dogs, waiting to be called. If be is a
big chief, they may number hun
dreds or, on special occasions, thou
sands; If he Is of minor importance,
they may be only two or three; bat
every one who can muster as much
as one small boy to act as his attend
ant will take great pains to do so.
In addition to serfdom, slavery has
existed for hundreds of years, and, al
though the present government Is
making a sincere effort to mitigate
and diminish It. there Is little hope
that It can soon be entirely abolished.
I.ong before our European ancestors
had heard of Jesus of Narareth.
Ethiopians were devout Christians,
and Christians they have remained to
this day. They are Christians of the
Coptic, or Monophysite, branch, which
originated in Egypt and is supposed
to have reached Ethiopia early in the
Fourth century. The priesthood is
very numerous and very powerful and
numbers nearly one-fourth of the male
population.
Itas Taffarl and his court in Addis
Ababa are a mixture of the old and
new. Outside the capital city there
Is nothing modem and the customs of
the people have not changed for cen
turies.
Much Beautiful Scenery.
Much of (lie country Is beautiful
beyond description. Mountains and
valleys, forests and meadows, lakes
and rivers, deep-cut gorges and sheer
walled canyons, all combine to furnish
snch a variety of natural conditions
as Is rarely to be found.
Although a large part of the coun
try Is thickly Inhabited, the people
live In small, round, grass-thatched
hots, known as tukuls, which are
built In small clusters on the tops of
knolls or so nestled Into the sides of
the hills that they seem always to
have been there. Since there are no
fences or roads, no telegraph lines,
and no wheeled vehiclea of any kind,
the appearance of smiling virgin na
ture Is everywhere maintained.
An expedition of scientists recently
spent seven months traveling in
Ethiopia. They covered nearly two
thousand miles of territory and made
nearly two hundred camps. There was
scarcely one of these that did not
provide an atttractlve setting and all
practical requirements?level ground
for the tents, water and forage for
the mules, shade, firewood, and oppor
tunity to collect specimens of mam
mals and birds.
Ethiopia offers as delightful condi
tions for outdoor life as can be found
anywhere in the world. In the dry
season, there Is practically no dan
ger of fever, and Insect pests, with
the exception of fleas In the settle
ments. offer little or no annoyance.
A most Interesting Ethiopian ani
mal Is the mountain nyala, one of the
largest and handsomest of African
antelopes and one of the rarest it
la also called giant bushhuck. y