The Alamance Gleaner
VOL. LVI. GRAHAM, N, C., THURSDAY JULY 24, 1930. NO. 25. 1
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1?Scene at the formal opening of the $2,000,000 Mount Carmel highway tunnel In Zlon national park, Ttah, with
go\jernors of fourteen states participating. 2?Burial of MaJ. Gen. W. C. Neville, commandant of the marine corps.
In Arlington national cemetery. 3?Laying the famous mosaics of flowers on the principal street of Genzano, Italy,
for the Corpus Christ! festival.
NEWS REVIEW OF
CURRENTEVENTS
Progress of Senate Battle
Over Ratification of
the Naval Treaty.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD ?
OPF0NENTS of the London naval
treaty, seemingly aware that
there are enough of Its supporters In
the senate to bring about its ratifica
tion, spent last week mainly In devis
ing and ofTerlng reservations to the
pact. Senator Norris, as well as many
ethers, was still deeply concerned
ibout the secret documents which the
President refused to give the senate,
and Senator Borah visited the White
House, to tell Mr. Hoover it might be
necessary to accept the Xorris rider
which says ratification is to be with
the understanding that there are no
secret agreements.
President Hoover was highly indig
nant over the implications in this Nor
rls reservation. Since he had given
the senate his word that no secret
agreement existed, he felt that the
rider was a reflection on his good
faith. Borah said that If the reserva
tion were rejected he could not an
swer for the fate of the pact. He did
not think it likely that the treaty
would be rejected, but he regarded It
entirely possible that the supporters
of the Norrls reservation, If defeated,
would he able to prolong the fight In
definitely, If not to bring about a post
ponement of final action until autumn.
THEN Senator Kenneth XIcKeilar of
Tennessee came forward with a
reservation under the terms of which
Great Britain would be required to dis
mantle her naval bases off American
shores.
McKollar offered yet another reser
vation providing for freedom of the
seas, because, as had been admitted
by Senator Reed of Pennsylvania, the
delegates to the London conference
failed to ohey the instructions of con
gress to consider this question before
or at the parley. Botli these reserva
tions were opposed by the administra
tion senators.
Senator Watson of Indiana, majority
leader. In the effort to speed up ac
tion on the treaty proposed a unan
imous consent agreement that begin
ning Tuesday. July 22. debate be lim
ited to ten minutes on each amend
ment and reservation ami on the treaty
Itself, and that each senator be al
lowed to speak hut once on each. He
declared that If this plan were reject
ed cloture would be revoked, and a
petition for this was prepared.
\ The fact that this petition was
signed by not only the 16 names re
quired for its submission, but neaijy
the two-thirds majority required for
Its adoption made it certain that the
treaty would be ratified with votes
to spare.
MKREJ.T for recreation and a murh
needed reet. President Hoover
trill start August 15 on a vacation trip
that trill last only spout ttvo weeks.
This was announced at the White
House, and it was added that the
President would make no speeches or
public appearances In the various
cities he passes through. It is his In
tention to visit both the Glacier and
Yellowstone National parks, but the
Itinerary has not yet been made out
It was considered likely he would
travel by train to Chicago, take a boat
from there to tluluth and make the
rest of the trip by railway."
Representatives of the Interior de
partment. at the direction of Secre
tary Wilbur, bare selected a number
of camping sites In the national parks
for the use of the Presidential party.
SENATOR ARTHUR CAPPER of
Kansas wants the farm board to
buy 100,000,000 bushels of wheat, In
addition to that already purchased,
and he put his plan before President
Hoover. The Chief Executive, how
ever, had just had a talk with Secre
tary of Agriculture Hyde who had re
turned from a trip to the wheat belt
and who was understood to be opposed
to such a scheme as Capper proposed.
So the President declined to approve
the plan, though he told the Kansan
he was anxious to do anything desire
able to relieve the plight of the wheat
growers.
Chairman I.egge of the farm board
made public his correspondence with
Governor Reed of Kansas who criti
cized the board's plan for reduction
of wheat acreage and criticized Us
activities, or Inactivities. In his let
ter Mr. Legge makes It plain that the,
grain stabilization activities of the
board have undergone no appreciable
change In policy in spite of the gov
ernor's charges of Its having broken
the market and caused a record-break
ing slump In wheat.
SENATOR Nye of North Dakota,
chairman of the special senate
committee to Investigate campaign ex
penditures, was in Chicago last week
holding hearings all by himself on the
expenditures In behalf of Mrs. Ruth
Hanna McCormlck, Republican nom
inee for senator. Nye and Mrs. Mc
Cormlck haggled a lot concerning the
factions and organisations that sup
ported-her against Senator Deneen,
and various witnesses testified to tlielr
contributions to her campaign fund.
But It wns not apparent that anything
was brought out discreditable to Mrs.
McCormlck.
That lady while on the stand de
manded that the committee summon
her Democratic rival for the senator
ship, James Hamilton Lewis, and ask
him to explain a statement he made In
Springfield to the effect that It cost
$1,000,000 to win the Republican nom
ination. She said Lewis "must have
knowledge of expenditures of well
over $700,000 more than I have In
clnded In my accounting. He should
be subpoenaed if he has any knowl
edge of that' sort."
Activities of communist* in the
United State* are being investi
gated by a congressional committee
which was busy Inst week In New
York city. Most Important of the
witnesses heard was Charles 0. Wood,
commissioner of conciliation of the
Department of Labor. He said the
Communists at work among the labor
group* were chronic trouble makers,
nnd described strikes In Passaic, New
Bedford and Gastonia. N. C? each of
which was either started or Influ
enced by the Beds. He declared the
strikes, like other activities of the
Communists, were hut a means of at
tacking the government of the United
States.
FRANCE and Italy last week reached
a "gentlemen's agreement" to take
a naval building holiday for six
months, and there was great relief In
European diplomatic circles. The
agreement means little from a naval
standpoint, for neither nation Intended
to lay down any more vessels this
year, hut It was of immense Impor
tance psychologically. The statesmen
of both countries now hope to settle
most of their problems before the six
months are up.
Great Britain, still struggling
to settle the row Id India, baa a
new trouble on her hands. This Is In
Egypt, where the Wafd or nationalist
party, supporting Nahas Pasha, for
mer premier against King Fuad. la
stirring up revolt The first outbreak
was In Alexandria, where a fanatical
mob of Wafdlsts staged a great riot,
attacking Europeans and looting
shops. Before native troops and po
lice had regained control of the situa
tion 13 civilians, all Egyptians, had
l>een killed, and at least CO were
wounded by gunshot. About ICO
others. Including 00 police, were In
jured In other ways. The British bat
tleships Queen Elizabeth and Ramlllies
were hurried to Alexandria.
Latest developments In the Indian
?affair Indicated that Mahatmn Ghandl,
head of the passive resistance revolt,
would he released from prison and In
vited to participate In the London
round table conference that Is to open
October 20. As a preliminary, Ghandl
Is expected to call off the civil dls
obedience campaign.
It Is also reported In London thut
though Prime Minister MacOonald and
his colleagues are eager to shelve the
Simon report they may he -forced to
face It at the round table because of
the determination of certain Indian
delegations to have the report ac
cepted as a basis of discussion.
MAKING use of dictatorial power
conferred on him by President !
von Hindenburg under the German
constitution, Chancellor Bruening put
Into effect the "emergency finance law"
by decree. The reichstag had refused
to approve the measure and the gov
ernment lost patience. The law, which
is expected to end the government's
deficit, includes an Increase in Income
tax, enforcement of a tax on bachelors
and spinsters, a head tax and a spe
cial tax on food and liquor served In
Inns and restaurants.
GERMANY'S reply to the memoran
dum of French Foreign Minister
Briand proposing a European federa
tion indicates a general acoeptance of
the plan, though it has almost as
many reservations ns the Italian re
ply. The Germans, like the Italians
and some others. Insist that Russia
and Turkey be Included In the union,
and they make it clear the federation
should In no way be directed against
the United States. They subtly sug
gest a revision of the war treaties,
but say little of disarmament. The
German reply agrees heartily with
Briand on the necessity of subordinat
ing economic to political aspects?n
view which may prove to be the fatal
weakness of the whole scheme.
A "purely tentative" reply from
Great Britain was not so encouraging,
expressing the opinion that the pro
posed union Is "unnecessary and pos
sibly a dangerous Institution." It sug
gested that the plan be placed on the
agenda of the next assembly of the
league of Nations.
Greece. Austria and Poland also
have accepted the Briand plan, and
Russia seems to be fishing for an
Invitation.
AS t'SCAL. you can make your own
choice a* to which faction In
China la winning the civil war. Just
now things look none too cheerful for
the Nationalist government. Dis
patches from Pelplng say fifteen lend
era of the Kuomlntang signer) a mani
festo formally ending the long dispute
between the right and left wings of
that party, and railing a national con
ference within a month for the pur
pose of establishing a government 'to
succeed the false government which
Gen. Chiang Kai-shek usurped." It Is
predicted Gen. Ten Hal-shan will be
head of that new government.
DEATHS of the week Included those
of Brig. Gen. H. C. Smlther. L*.
S. A.; Rear Admiral A. H. Robertson.
U. 8. K.: Henry Sydnor Harrison, nov
elist ; Judge Jesse Holdom. dean of the
Chicago bench; James II. I.ynch. vet
eran leader of the International Typo
graphical union, and I.eopold von
Auer. eminent violinist.
Mil Wafttn KtviMMr UalMtl
| COULDN'T
I HELP HIS i ;
? INTEREST IN !
?
; v BIRDS
((c) by D. J. Walsh.)
-rtM CRAMER was an ornithologist?
I not of the long-faced, wild-eyed
I type; nor did he wear the Itievit
J able dun-colored duster that men
of his Ilk usually affect. He made on
occasion long trips Into the country,
climbing trees and browsing around
in his eternal quest for birds In their
native haunts.
Jim was just as personable as any
of the other tellers In the bank; a lov
ing husband and a generous, Indulgent
father. No one accused him of being
queer. Nevertheless, there was that
quirk about his mental makeup which
made him like birds?birds of every
description, starting with humming
birds and running the gamut; spar
rows, crows, night-faring hawks,
eagles.
There was a canary that belonged to
the president of the bank. Jim
wheedled this gentleman out of the
bird and placed It In the bank window
so throughout the day he could have
by bis side something lie loved.
We all knew this obsession of Jim's,
this peculiar predilection. And as a
rule we forebore to remark about It,
to twit him about It.
At times we took an Irresistible fling
at him. "Them birds o' yourn," 1
heard one of the boys say, "do they
have rheumatiz an' such ailments,
same as we do?" And, really, I think
lie was half sincere In his query.
For this man, Jim Cramer, possessed
a knowledge of the feathered world
that was really uncanny. It made ns
creepy at times.
"Sure thing, they have aliments.
I've seen an old crow?an' a crow Is
old at five years?I've seen an old, de
crepit crow llmpln' along th' ground,
dragging a no-account leg. Rheu
matiz?sure."
Jim Cramer had been with us three 1
years when the old man called him
Into his office and closed the door.
Jim told me the conversation that en
sued.
"Jim, old man," said the usually af
fable George Blnford, our president.
"Jim, old roan, you've been with us
nigh three years now."
Jim told me of his elation. He ex
pected n raise, possibly a promotion.
"It's hard for me to do It, but tills
Is one of the disagreeable duties of
an executive. The board of directors
have requested your resignation. Your
peculiarities?we have had some com
plaints. You don't seem to Bt In just
right."
To the three hungry little mouths
that crowded about Cramer's table bad
recently been added another and a
more ravenous one. "Bables'r fanny,"
Jim had said to me. "They never get
enough; want to eat every 30 min
utes. Lord, what an eater It'll be when
It grows up."
Well, the long and the short of It
was, Jim was canned. And Jim went
silently from the presence of the old
man. No one ever talked back to the
old man and got away with It. It just
wasn't done, that's all.
Some days later the bank was held
up In broad daylight and the details
of this affair are so commonplace tbat
I shall not repeat them. The bandits
got awny with something like $40,000,
mostly In currency.
Some one had given the alarm and
out on Central avenue one high pow
ered car was followed by another and
there was fireworks aplenty as these
cars dashed down the street.
The robbers took to the woods at a
rough and rocky point. Later In the
day they were captured. Meantime
the sack of money had disappeared.
For several months the hills were
searched, tree trunks undermined,
rocks turned over, the earth made like
a plowed field, as If with a huge stick
some giant bad harried the soil.
The whole town had searched the
hills, every mother's son of us large
eyed and expectant, thinking momen
tarily that we would upturn the sack
of bills and claim the $2,000 reward
which was posted on tree and barn
and fence the country over.
Finally Interest In this strange quest
abated and only occasionally was a
remark made abont the robbery.
Jim Cramer was working In a store
as head bookkeeper and for a larger
salary than he bad drawn In the bank.
Jim was a very capable fellow, I as
sure you.
Meantime Jim's dream life had nev
er ceased to function. Always on Sun
day and holidays he was questing over
the hills. Birds and the nests of birds.
The peculiar ways of birds.
"Every one has a bobby," said Jim
to me. "Some go In for golf. Others
baseball an' tennis. Some (or women.
Mine's birds."
Late In the autumn, when tree
leaves were growing yellow and frost
lay heavy on the roofs of buildings In
the early morning, Jim Cramer, at the
end of a short vacation, startled the
town with the news that he had fonnd
the sack of money. Found It and
turned It over to the bank. Placed It
lu the pudgy bands of George Blnford,
the president.
Jim told the story In this manner:
"X was tearln' down a crow's nest,
big ns your hat and quite as round,
when I noticed something that looked
like a greenback showtn' througb lAe
side.
"When I had dismantled th' nest I
fonnd a $20 bill held In place with
twigs.
"I began immediately to scour
around, and within an hour, under an,
old stump, the mouth of the sack pro
truding, 1 found the money. It had
been unearthed by hogs huntln' for
acorns and roots.
"1 ran all til' way to th' car an' hur
ried to town. Without examining
further the contents of the sac* I
turned It over to Binford. He nnd
considered me such a numbskull that
I wanted to show him that there was
some good In ornithology."
A few days later, going to the hank
to deposit, I saw Jim Cramer back at
his old job.
"It's no better'n th' store in a way."
he said, "but I feel more at home here,
an' I got the canary back, too."
Early American Dentistry
Among the ancients the desire to
preserve teeth, to retain loose teeth
and to disguise dental disfigurement
gave birth to the'art rt dentistry. Un
til well into the Nineteenth century
apprenticeship afforded the only means
of acquiring a knowledge of dentistry,
but In November, 1840, the Baltimore
College of Dentistry was established.
This was the first college in the world
for the systematic education of dentists.
The charter of the Baltimore College
of Dental Surgery specified that there
should be at least one annnal term of
Instruction of not less than four
months In length. The first academic
year opened on November 3, 1840, with
five students. Instruction was con
tlnued until the latter part of Feb
ruary, and the first class of two stu
dents graduated on Uarcb 9, 1841.
Mostly Gratitads
Marine Is a truly "grown-up lady"
although her years are not many, so
when Mr. S , a neighbor. Invited
her to take lunch with him one day
when Mrs. S wna out of the city,
she gave thanks. The fare was cold
meat, crackers and milk, for Mr.
S does not eat a heavy noonday
meal.
"Will you say grace. Marine?" her
host asked.
"Dear Lord," the child responded,
"bless this food and fill our hearts
with gratitude."
11 "Ton said that mighty well," Mr.
S observed.
"Yes, 1 did, but there Isn't much
food. Is there?" commented the guest
of honor.
Wh?n Mutodoa Livad
Naturalists have always supposed
that the Amerlcau mastodon has beeD
extinct tor at least 50,000 years. Dr.
W. B. Scott, professor of geology at
Princeton university, told the National
Academy of Sciences at Washington
that the elephant-like animal may
have lived in the state of New York
only a few hundred years before the
time of Columbus. He arrives at this
conclusion from fossils In northeastern
North America and the fact that a
complete skeleton, of a mastodon fonnd
near Quito, Ecuador, supplied convinc
ing proof that the animal had been
killed by Indians not later than the
Fourth century A. D.?Pathfinder
Magazine.
Mtmlaul; Usafal Plant
The country about Natal In British
Africa la the home of tbe camauba
palm, remarkable In that all of Ita
parts are useful. Wax from Ita leaves
la made Into candles; fiber from the
leaves utilised for making bats, bas
kets, mats and brooms; Its stem Is em
ployed for rafters. Joists and building
material; the palmetto of tbe carauba
la eaten as a vegetable, fermented to
make wine and Ttnegar; the fruit la
fed to cattle, and the nnt Is nsed as
coffee; In the stem Is a pltb used as
cork and a sap which la drunk as a
beverage, and even the roots are nsed.
brewed as a medicinal tea.
Wen Fama as Aviator
The aviator known as tbe Flying
Parson was Belvln W. Maynard. He
waa born September 28, 1892. He
served with the A. E. F? waa dis
charged from the army May 3, 1920,
was appointed a reserve officer June
5, 1921. In 1924 he was killed at Rut
land, Vt, In an airplane accident
Satan and Black Cat*
According to an old legend. Satan's
favorite form of disguise was a black
cat and this probably gave rise to the
superstition that a black cat brought
bad lurk.
TWO ART I
? CAPITALS
Galleries and Gardens of ths Zwingsr, Dresden.
(Prepared by tha National Geographic
8o< lety. Washington. D. C.)
TWO capltnfk of German stain.
Dresden In Saxony and Munich
in Bavaria. are capitals, as well,
of art, and annually draw tbeir
thousands of art-loving tourists.
I'resilen Is filled with artistic won
ders. lis picturesque setting, astride .
a beautiful bend lu the Elbe river,
about 110 miles south of Berlin,
caused llerder, the poet, to call It the
Florence of the Elbe.
From an approaching river steamer,
the Saxou capital Is a city of graceful
spires and huge domes and cupolas,
hut Inside the Altstadt (old city) on
the left bank of the Elbe, the picture
changes to one of artistically embel
lished buildings, handsomely sculp
tured monuments, galleries of famous
paintings, numerous museums with
choice collections of all sorts, spa
cious squares and parkways, and ean
yonllke streets where Kunst (German
for "art") Is heard among the throngs
nearly ns often as some of. the com
mon verbs.
A large portion of the Altstadt lies
near the Augustus bridge, one of the
live spans that connect tlie old town
with Neustadt, on the other bank of
the river. The Hof-Kirche. facing the
bridge with Its 272-foot lower. Is a
huge atructure, whose parapets are
topped with 59 statues of saints and.
inside, liaphnel Mengs' "Ascension"
looks down upon the high altar. A
covered passnge connects the church
with the old Saxon palate, whoae
walls are decorated with line mural
paintings; and In the various rooms,
large collections of Chinese vases and
Dresden china are on display. Even
the stnhle adjoining the palace is em
bellished with a cavalcade of Saxon
(winces. In porcelain tiles.
Treasures In Many Building*.
Within a few blocks of the palace
numerous buildings contain the col
lections thai hare made Dresden fa
mous os the German art center. Be
tween the church and the palace the
Grunes Gewolbe (Green Vault) con
tains a dazzling array of Jewels?dia
monds, rubles and sapphires?and
works of art In gold. Irory. bronze
nnd Limoges enamels. On a single
Ivory tusk one artist has canred 142
angels and another Irory piece de
picts tin organ grimier lighting a rob
| ber. The Saxon crown Jewels, a 40
carat green diamond. Jeweled trinkets
of all kinds, ji golden tea service and
the largest known onyx are displayed.
Bronze work Includes statues, pedes
tals and rases. A striking hronxe
piece depicts Charles II of England
fighting olT a dragon.
Across the street, surrounded by
gnrdens. the Zwlnger, built by An
gus! us the Strong nnd Intended to
bouse banquet and dnnce halls, prom
enades and gardens befitting royal life
of the Eighteenth century. Is a treas
ury of art. The building is a line ex
ample of Italian lienalssance. adorned
with figures of Greek deities, vases
nnd flowers. Once in the court which
the Zwlnger Incloses, the traveler
feels that the rose gardens and prom
enades should fulfill the most regal
whim.
The Zwlnger museum contains a
half million engravings, many draw
ings, mathematical Instruments, ami
a picture gallery where tome of th?
finest works of the m<?t eminent
Italian. Spanish. Dutch and German
artists are on exhibition. Raphael'i
"Sistlne Madonna" occupies a promt
ncnt place In the collection. It wai
purchased In I'M from Italian monkt
and smuggled out of Italy by painting
a landscape over the canvas. Then
are alio works of Rubens, Van Dyck
Rembrandt ami others.
The Johnnnenm museum, formerly
stable buildings, contains an Interest
lng collection of war material and
more than 20,000 pieces of Chinese
Japanese and Dresden porcelain, and
Italian majolica, a glazed pottery.
The Albertinum. once an araeaal.
now is a sculpture museum with many
historical and modern pieces. Deli
cately painted limestone reliefs dating
back to 27U0 B. C. are displayed there,
while a mummy still reposes in a cad
tin it has occupied (or ioOO years.
These and numerous other exhibit
places, including the Municipal mane
cm with s tine collection of cachings;
the Academy of Art; the School and
Museum of Industrial Art; the Zoo
logical ami Lthoogruphicai museum,
containing a targe collection of staffed
birds and ethnological specimens; tha
Mineralogies! and Prehistoric mosaaas
with interesting fossils; draw art lov
ers from all parts of the world aad
earn for Dresden the right to ho
called one of the world's important
art centers.
Among the churches the Fruoen
Kirche. a Protestant edifice, is tho
largest. It can accommodate 5.000
worshipers. The church occupies a
whole city block. The lantera ahora
Its huge dome Is 312 feet from the
pavement. A magnificent organ and
numerous statnes are interesting fea
tures of its interior.
Id point of population Munich
(Mum hen) is exceeded only by Berlin
and Hamburg among German cities.
With GS0.UUU inhabitants it is some
what larger than Sao Francisco and
smaller than Boston.
Munich la Magniilcant.
In physical aspects Munich is oo?
of the most impressive of modern
cities. Its royal palaces. Its magnifi
cent national theater, its great royal
library containing LIOUJM) rotumes
and .VMM) rare manuscripts; its brood
thoroughfares, particularly the Lad
' wigstrasse sod Maximilianstraste.
bordered by the great office buildings
of the Bavarian government, and Its
faicous university which ranks first
among the German institutions of
learning in the number of Its medical
students and second only to Berlin in
the number of students of all < Ismra
?all these and many other baihltaga
and Institutions make the municipal
ity one of the chief prides of the Tea
tonic people.
Most of the modem improvements
and practically all of Its architectural
splendor Munich owes to Loots (or
Ludwlg) 1 and his art-loving sneers
sors. Louis came to the throne la
1S2j and ruled for more than 20 years.
One of the impressive monuments of
his reign is the beautiful Propylaea,
modeled after the gate to the Athen
ian Acropolis, and the reliefs which
decorate this structure qnlte fittingly
tell the tory of Greece's war of Inde
pendence and the events transpiring
in that kingdom during the eventful
reign of King Otho L Louis' son who
was elected to the throne of Greece
Id 1S32 but was Dually expelled after
30 years. Another beautiful Munich
gateway Is the Slegestor (Gate of Tlo
i tory), modeled after the Arch of Coa
st amine Id Rome.
One Munich gallery exhibits such
works as Titian's "Christ Crowned
with Thorns," Rembrandt's "The Dee
cent from the Cross" and a Raphael
"Madonna." and contains works of
Rubens. Van Dyck, Holbein the Elder,
I Perugiuo, Botticelli aDd Pre Flllppo
! Llppl, from which it will be seen that
Louis did not hesitate to acquire the
i masterpieces of other nations
t Louis II saw Bavaria gradually ab
- gorbed la the Empire, but. before
i madness drove him to suldde, he fur
i the red the art development begun by
; his grandfather. His reign was note
i ble for bis encouragement of Wag
, ner's development of the music drama,
and to bis royal generosity, which
r would add more to his fame had It
? not been for the oppressive taxations
I It Imposed and Its later exceaes, were
, doe the Beyrouth productions.