The Alamance gleaner
VOL. LVI. GRAHAM, IN, C., THURSDAY OCTOBER 23, 1930. ~ NoT 3R
^
1?President Hoover receiving n humidor box of fine cigars from the American Legion Post No. 5 of Tampa,
Fla., on its way home from Boston. 2?Col. Juan Alberto Barros, leading figure In the Brazilian revolution and
commander of an insurgent army that moved on Sao Paulo. 3?U. S. frigate Constitution (Old Ironsides), restored,
with all lier flags flying for the rededication ceremonies in Boston harbor.
NEWS REVIEW OF I
CURRENT EVENTS
Grave Warning Concerning
Unemployment Is Issued
by the A. F. of L.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
f TNLESS America's financial and In
^ dustrial leaders live up to their
responsibility to devise a solution for
the problem of recurrent periods of
unemployment, the present social or
der cannot be maintained.
Such is the dictum of the American
Federation of Labor as expressed by
President William Green at the con
vention in Boston. Labor's combined
program for an Ultimate solution of
unemployment and for immediate re
lief was favored by Mr. Green and
was adopted after a debate In the
course of which the federal govern
ment and the federal reserve board
were severely criticized. This pro
gram. suggested by the executive
council, provides for the following:
Reduction in hours of work, stabili
zation of industry, efficient manage
ment in production and sales policies,
establishment of a nation-wide system
of unemployment exchanges, adequate
records on employment, use of public
works to meet cyclical unemployment,
a study of all proposals for relief and
education for life.
To meet the immediate problem of
relief the delegates Instructed the fed
eration's executive council to go to
Washington at the conclusion of the
convention and ask President Hoover I
to appoint a national committee which j
shall recommend measures that may
be put into effect at once?such plans |
to be carried out by private and quasi
public agencies, departments of the
federal, state, and municipal govern
ments, counties and school districts.
The executive council was also In
srructed to call upon all state federa- j
lions of labor and all affiliated cen- I
tral bodies to request their respective
governors and mayors to co-operate
with the national committee by state
and city committees.
The committee on resolutions re
ported that, in accord with labor's
traditional policy. It was opposed to
compulsory unemployment insurance,
and at its suggestion all resolutions
favoring this were referred to the ex
ecutlve council.
T"\URING the debates Secretary\>f
the Navy Adams was charged
with working contrary to President
Hoover's policy of maintaining pub
lic work at present wage levels, par
ticularly at the Philadelphia navy
yard ? and the Newport torpedo base.
In Washington, however. Assistant
Secretary of the Navy Jahncke denied
any plan to reduce wages.
The federation's committee on
shorter work day and week reported
that the shorter work week was nec
cessary but In view of the tremen
dous economic and social questions
Involved In Its establishment proposed
that the executive council give the
matter of the shorter day Its Immedi
ate consideration, "secure all available
statistical Information related to the
problem," and then report to next
year's convention on how short. In Its
opinion, the work day should be. La
bor Is already pledged to the five-day
week.
"While this shortening of the work
day may seem a radical change. It
fails to parallel the drastic change
which has taken place In Industry
which has so enormously Increased
per capita production," the committee
report stated.
Communists of Boston undertook to
?tags a demonstration Just outside the
I convention hall where the federation
was in session, and when the police
tried to disperse them the worst riot
the city has had in many years result*
I ed. Hundreds of men and women
fought the police desperately.
Monthly figures issued by the De
partment of Labor show that employ
ment in September was 1 per cent
greater than in August, and that pay
roll totals were 1.4 per cent greater.
Iiut with winter coming on the situa
tion is decidedly gloomy, and meas
ures for temporary relief are being
taken by many state and municipal
governments.
f N GERMANY the unemployment sit
* uation is probubly more immediate
ly critical than elsewhere. The gov
ernment is determined to enforce a
policy of drastic economy and in line
with this the official arbitrator recent
ly ordered a cut of 6 per cent in the
wages of the metal workers of Berlin.
The union ordered a strike In protest,
and last week 12G.000 thus were added
to the 357,000 unemployed men and
women in the capital city. These
workers out of work marched about
in large groups uud tried to reach the
parliament building, but were driven
off by the police and firemen.
Sessions of the reichstag were ex
ceedingly stormy. Dr. I'aul Loebe.
Socialist, was re-elected speaker de
spite the opposition of the Fascists
and Communists. Franz Stoehr, Fas
cist, was chosen first vice president.
The first Fascist threat to the gov
ernment was beaten off when Frnst
Scholz, Fuscist candidate for speaker,
lost to Loebe on the second ballot.
The Fascist might have driven a
wedge between the government and
the Socialists If Loebe had been de
feated. for the life of the cabinet de
pends largely on support from the So
cialists. numerically the largest party
in the reichstag.
BUAZII/S civil war was marked by
fierce and continuous fighting on
many fronts. In their communiques
both sides claimed victories, but the
preponderance of evidence was rather
in favor of the revolutionists. The
main efforts of the rebels were direct
ed toward the cuptur:> of Sua Paulo,
and their bulletin said they were get
ting near that important city. The
insurgents also were battling their
way toward Rio de Janeiro, winning
n buttle only 130 miles northeast of
the capital city.
The federal forces, according to the
official notice, have maintained their
lines established in the state of Minus
Geraes, in no case are retreating, and
in a number of instances are making
considerable gains, chief among these
being the defeat of MJnas Geraes In
surgent troops at the Mantequcira
tunnel.
Secretary of. State Stirasou an
nounced in Washington that the Unit
ed States would permit the Brazilian
government to purchase munitions of
war in this country, and that arms
shipments to the revolutionists would
not be allowed. The cruiser Pensn
cola left Guantanamo for Brazilian
waters to protect American interests.
RELIEF for the unemployed farm
ers and others' In the drought
stricken regions is forthcoming to
some extent througli the action of the
federal government. At the Instance
of the national drought relief com
mittee, the government has made Im
mediately available to drought states
I their 1932 allotments of Its $12.1,000,
000 appropriation for aid to highway
construction.
J. B. Kincer, Agricultural depart
ment meteorologist, says the drought
has been the most prolonged and wide
spread In the history of the nation's
1 weather records. The average raln
I fall of the country between January
and September waa reduced to 87
per cent of the normal, and (hiring
the growing season ffom March to
August It amounted to only 81 per
cent.
\>IODIFICATION of tlic Volstead
J-*-* act legalizing the manufacture
and sale of beer would create an add
ed market for 100.000.000 bushels of
small grain annually, according to B.
T. Dow of Davenport, Iowa, president
of the Grain and Feed Dealers' Na
tional association. He made the state
ment at the association's annual meet
ing In Chicago, and then commented
on a recent announcement of Fred
I'abst, head of a Milwaukee brewing j
concern, that his company Is expend- J
Ing nearly a million dollars on new
equipment In anticipation of a possi
ble modification of the dry law.
In the grain men's convention the
federal agricultural marketing act was
attacked by F. Duniont Smith as fu
tile and unconstitutional. In urging
farmers to reduce their production to
domestic requirements. Smith said.
Chairman Alexander Legge of the
farm board made "a complete and ab
ject confession that the whole scheme
and purpose of the farm relief act
had utterly failed."
D WIGHT W. MORROW, In his
opening speech of his campaign for
election to the senate from New Jer
sey, removed himself from the pic
ture as a candidate for the Republi
can ^Presidential nomination in 11)32?
which is disappointing to a consider
able number of wets. Said Mr. Mor
row:
"I look forward with pleasure and
confidence to the opportunity of vot
ing two years from now for the re- I
nomination and re-election of Herbert i
Hoover." I
The United States Supreme court 1
In effect upheld the Jones five and ten J
law when it denied two petitions for j
review of cases from Missouri in j
which the law was attacked as vio- ,
lating the principles of the Constltu- '
tion. The court guve no reason for
its action. In another case the Su- '
preme court assured the right of fed- j
eral agents to act as stale enforce
ment officials where there Is no state
dry law.
JOSIAH H. MARVEL of Wilmington.
Dela., president of the American
Bar association, died suddenly from
a heart attack. Recently he was an
unsuccessful candidate for the Demo
cratic nomination for United States
senator, losing to Thomas F. Bayard.
Other deaths of the week included
those of Milton A. McRae, one of the
founders of the Scrlpps-McRne news
paper league; Congressman C. F. Cur
ry of California; Alexander Harrison,
an eminent American painter who re
sided In Paris; Dr. Harry R. H. Hall,
noted British archeologist; Rear Ad
miral Henry J. Ziegemeir, comman
dant of the Thirteenth naval district
at Bremerton, Washington, and Sir
Herman Gollancz, internationally
known scholar and leader of British
Jewry.
CARRYING the document of Japan's
ratification of the Ixmdon naval
treaty. Lieut. Irvln A. Wood ring. army
flyer, flew at top speed across the con
tinent from Vancouver, R. C., to New
York. There It was turned over to
I'ierre de L. Roal, assistant chief of
the division of western European af
fairs of the State department, who
sailed for London on the Leviathan to
attend the Geneva session of the
league commission as an American
advisor. The document will be deliv
ered in f<ondon to Ambassador Matsu
dr.Ira of Japan. ,
Lieut. W. \V. Caldwell, also uu army
aviator, was accompanying Wood ring
in another plane, but crashed In rough
country north of Laramie, Wyo., and
was killed.
(& 1130. WMtvra N?vip?p?r Union )
BW Daddy's
m Evervirv^
Fairy Tale
GRAHAM BONNER
i corrtKMi rr wiuuit Ntw>ii v?wom ???
MIST GRANDCHILDREN
One clay the little tiny children?
the Mist grandchildren of the King
of the Clouds anld:
"Oil, granddaddy, listen to the
birds."
The King of the Clouds had a guil
ty conscience and he^ pretended not
to hear. He knew the birds had been
crying for rain but he had been too
lazy to give It to them.
You see a guilty conscience Is a
feeling deep Inside of a grownup or
child, or an animal, or the cloud king,
which says that we know we have
done wrong and yet hate to admit It.
But the grandchildren of the King
of the Clouds Insisted upon his lis
tening.
"The birds are crying for water,"
they said. "Shall we give them
some?
"We hate to hear them cry and the
fairies called on your royal presence
several days ago to ask you If you
wouldn't give them water."
"I know It, but I have been very
busy," said the King of the Clouds In
a rather cross, impatient voice that
creatures use sometimes when they
put off things and have made others
miserable and yet do not want to
own up to it.
Then It Is that they make excuses
like the Cloud King did.
"But you haven't been too busy to
hear the sad chirp of the little birds?"
asked the grandchildren.
"I have been busy," repeated the
King of the Clouds.
"But we're not busy," said the
grandchildren. "May we do a little
work?"
"Y'ou are too young, too frail," said
the King of the Clouds. "I will get
at It very soon."
"But granddaddy, you have been
The Birds Want Water.
saying that, and the birds want wa
ter, and still they don't get it."
"Oh dear," said the King of the
Clouds, "what a nuisance you chil
dren are.
"Very well, go ahead. Give them
drinks of water, hut they won't get
much from you children.
"Tell them I'll be down, soon."
The grandchildren of the King of
the Clouds hurried away. Now per
haps you do not know that the Cloud
King's grandchildren are the little
drops of mist?or rather the mist
which Is made up of tiny raindrops
that come down to the earth.
It is the grandchildren of whom we
speak when we say there is a mist
outside that Is almost like rain?hut
so fine a rain that It can hardly he
seen from the windows.
You see, they are only very little,
very young raindrops.
But oh, how glad the birds were to
see them. The moisture they gave
did not amount to a great deal, hut It
cooled the beaks of the little birds.
Then the King of the Clouds came j
down and gave them a gorgeous
amount of rain.
But It had been the little mist
grandchildren who had started the
good work.
The Cam* of Sir Fox
In tills game one child must be the
"fox-1 and the rest are the "bens."
A apace Is marked off In which the
"hens" cluster, and have to be there
until the "fox" steps over Its boun
daries. As soon as he doe* so, and not
before, the "hens" can scatter and run,
the "fox" of course chasing and try
ing to catch one of them.
The one who Is caught has to stay
In the marked-oil space and one by
one they are touched by the "fox" and
put there. Each time one Is caught
all the rest have to cluster there again
until the "fox" steps over the boun
dary.
When there Is only one "hen" left,
all the "hens" can try and stop the
"fox" stepping over the border line.
For as soon as he does so the last
"hen" Is canght without having to be
chased or touched by the "fox," and
that last "hen" takes the fox's part
Famous Fighter, J
and Friend, of the* ; I
JOW I ndiaB^lit
?'?*! i
iVash.a'kie, the SHosKone /1
r=======Tl I
I Manuelito, uh^Ngyajo
Gen.O. O. Hoi
C^'uercmrTO
Apocte
Wj^affalo
S^he^Sick
I,
Chief Joseph,the Nez Perc
t
By ELMO SCOTT WATSON
NE hundred years ago there
^ was bom in New England
a boy who was destined
to become one of the most
JfpJ L famous Indian fighters In
American history. And
paradoxical us It may
seetn, this fighter of In
dians also became known as one of
the best friends the Indian ever had.
The date of his birth was Novem
ber 8, 18U0; the place was on a farm
near Leeds. Maine; and his name was
Oliver Otis Howard. It would seem
that from the beginning Destiny ruled
that his career should be closely linked
with the fate of the red men. not Just
those of one tribe but of many tribes.
As a boy be heard from the Hps of
his grandfather stirring tales of In
dian warfare during the devolution.
When he went to West Point as a
cadet at the United Suites Military
academy he came In contact with
many army officers who had served
on the frontier ngainst the wild tribes
beyond the Mississippi, among them
Ma J. George I! Thomas, who had re
ceived three brevet commissions for
gallant conduct in Indian tights and
who, as General Thomas, was to be
hailed as "the Hock of Chkknmatiga"
in the Civil war.
Howard himself rose to the position
of major general of volunteers in the
Civil war. and repeatedly distinguished
himself during those four years. He
left his right arm on the bloody hold
j of Fair Daks during a gallant charge
! at the bead of the Sixty-first New
Vork Infantry and won for himself
the medal of honor. He received the
thanks of congress for his "skill and
heroic valor" at Gettysburg, and for
tds gallant and meritorious services In
the battle of Ezra Church and during
the campaign against Atlanta, Gn.. he
was hrevetted major general In the
regular urmy^
Ills contact with the red men be
gan almost Immediately after he was
graduated from West Point in 1854. In
Dec en ber, 1850, he was ordered to re
tort to Gen. W. S. Harney, a distin
guished Indian fighter. In Florida,
where a remnant of the Seminoles
who had refused to go west with the
inain portion of the tribe after the
close of the second Seminole war,
were continuing their raids on white
settlements under their leader. Chief
Hilly Bowlegs. Howard was placed
: In command of an expedition to
round up these recalcitrants and al
though it failed of Its itqmedlnte ob
ject, it resulted eventually In the sur
render of Billy Bowlegs and perma
nent pen?e In the Everglades for the
tlrst time In many years.
Howard was next detailed to duty
at West Point and was there when
the Civil war began. At the close of
(he war he was made commissioner
of the bureau of freedmen and refu
gees and served In that capacity ontll
1874. Then with the Inauguration of
President Grant's "Indian Peace Pol
icy," Howard was detailed as a special
commissioner to Arizona and New
Mexico and especially to make peace
with the Chlricahua Apaches under
Chief Cochise'whose reign of terror
Billy Bowlegs, the5eminc!e
In the Southwest was holding hack
the settlement of'that region. After
holding councils with the Yumns. the
I'lmns. the Marlcopns, the Arivlpnt,
the Mojaves, the Tontos and r tie
White Mountain Apaches, ami settling
the troubles between them ami the
whites. Howard next went atnor g the
Navajoes for the same purpose. He
accomplished this by establishing u
force of Indian police and Inducing
their great war chief. Manuelito, to
he the head of the force.
Hut bis main objective was still
abend of him?that of bringing Co
chise, the Apache. In oft the warpath.
After several unsuccessful attempts
to get the chief to come In for a con
feretice. Howard, accomimnled by n
noted frontiersman named Tom Jef
fords, took his life in his hands and
visited Cochise's stronghold. There
he persuaded the Apache leader to
make a "jjood peace," which Cochise
kept as long as he lived.
Howard's next assignment was io
the 1'aclflc Northwest where he was
one of the chief actors In the Nex
Perce war. It was during this short
war that Chief Joseph of that trii>e
made his epic dash for freedom to
ward Canada which has come down
as one of tlie greatest military ex
ploits in American history. No less
brilliant than Joseph's retreat was
Howard's pursuit of the fleeing In
dians, a pursuit carried on through
some of the m?>st difficult country on
the North American continent. But
when the Nex Perce leader was at
last brought to bay In the Bear Paw
mountains in Montana by (Jen. Nelson
A. Miles and forced to surrender, How
ard. who at Inst bad caught up with
the fugitives, displayed ? rare mag
nanimity at the surrender of Chief
Joseph. The Indian leader extended
his rifle to Howard in token of sur
render, but Howard waived It over to
Miles, thus declining In favor of his
brother officer the honor which he
hod to richly deserved after his try
ing and difficult campaign.
No sooner was the Nex Perce war
over, however, than Howard was
again in the field against the Plutes
and Bannocks in the campaign of 1878
which was nearly as arduous us was
that of 1877. . This war resulted In
the death of two important chiefs.
Kgnn and Buffalo Horn, and Howard
woa again the victor In another con
flict with savages. His next service
was a series of council* with the CV4
v i i f e Indians. the Spokanes. the
Okanagans ant] the C?*ur d'Aienes
wh<?se high regartl he w<?n by his ef
fort# to right the wrongs wliivti they
had suffered at the hunt!# ?>f rh?
white*. The atriru?le of t'h.et Lor of
file Spokanes tonani H? ward was
typical ot the Indians of that re-g-.on.
When he learned that tlie general had
been ordered east he protested against
it. "You must not go; jrm cannot go!*"
entreated ihe Indian chief with tears
in his eyes. "Yoa are the Indians'
friend. If you stay everything will
co on right, but if you go the white
men around me will get my land and
there will be trouble. You must not
sor
No doubt many another Indian lead
er would have concurred ?n Chief
Lot s words, for until General How
ard's retirement frocn the artpy In
1MC> and his death in 11MJU. be was
looked upon by most of the red men
with whom he bad bad any contact
as one white man whotn they could
trust. In his wide experience with
the Indians and their confidence in
hitu be has probably only two rivals
Gen. George Crook and Gen. Hugh L.
Scott.
But It is doubtful If either Crook
or Scott knew personally so many
noted red men as did Howard. To
read his two books. "My life and Ex
igences Among Our Hostile Indians'*
nud "Famous Indian Chiefs I Have
Known," is to call the roll of most
of the Indian notables over a period
of more than forty years. In addition
to those already mentioned in this ar
ticle, the list would l.iclude Washakie,
the great chief of the Shoshone*;
Geronimo and Natchez of the Chlrl
cahuns. lied Cloud, Spotted Tall,
Crow* L)og and Short Bull of the
Sioux. Pasqual of the Ynmas. Antonio
and Antonlto of the Pimas, Santos
and Esklminzeen of the Aravipas;
Pedro, Tsketesela and One-Eyed Mi
guel of the Apaches. White Bird and
Looking Glass of the Net Percet,
Moses of the Ynkimns^ Sarah Wlnne
roucca, daughter of the great chief
Wlnneraucca of the Plutes. Egan and
Ovtes of the Cmatillas. Homfli of the
Walla Wallas and Cut Mouth John, a
Umatilla, who served as his scout
during the Bannock and Piute war In
1878 and with the forces under How
ard during the Shcepcater campaign a
abort time later.
r .. , . U mM
4