The Alamance Gleaner
> ?
VOL. LVII. GRAHAM, N, C., THURSDAY MAY 28, 1931. NO. 17.
News Review of Current j
Events the World Over I
i
________ ,
Litvinov, Soviet Commissar, Baits Europe's Statesmen
at Geneva?Secretary Doak Denounces
Suggested Wage Reduction.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
SOVIET RUSSIA,
as personified by
Maxim Litvinov, Its
commissar of foreign
affairs, bad the time
of Its young life at
Geneva where the In
ternational commis
sion of Inquiry Into
B r I a n d' s European
union project was sit
ting. Litvinov as
tounded Arthur Hen
derson, Brland, Dtno
M. Lltvlnov
urandl and the rest of the commis
sioners by the calm statement that
their "capitalistic" goyernments were
raining themselves and the rest of the
world by selling goods dear at home
and cheap abroad?In other words, by
damping. And he then with equal
calmness denied flatly that the Soviet
government had been guilty of this
pernicious practice, though generally
accused of It. Kussla, he asserted,"
had done just a little friendly ex
porting.
"It Is perfectly obvious that low
prices cannot be regarded as indicat
ing dumping," he declared. "If, how
ever, by dumping Is understood a
policy of high monopolist prices In the
home markets and cut prices for ex
port, It will be found precisely that It
la the capitalistic countries* which are
'gollty In this respect."
The Soviets, continued the commis
sar, are eager to help In bringing to
an end the present economic depres
sion, and on their behalf be offered
two suggestions for the consideration
of the commission. The flrst of these
kras that the European powers adopt
h, convention pledging themselves to
compulsory sale In the home markets
at prices no higher than on foreign
markets. The Soviets, Lltvlnov said,
would sign such a convention. Be as
serted that It would raise the buying
power of the masses and help them
absorb overproduction.
Bis second proposal was this: In
order to remove the atmosphere of
pilatrust and Jealousy that has been
aggravating the crisis, all nations
Should sign a pact of "economic non
aggression" along the same lines as
the Kellogg pact outlawing war. The
4raft of a protocol of such a pact was
submitted to the delegates. It called
ibr a general customs truce, among
Other things.
In the flrst sessions of the com
mission tbe question of the proposed
J astro-German customs accord ? was
?ought up, and the pact was vigor- |
onsly and skilfully defended by Dr.
Jbllua Curtius, German foreign mln
liter, and Johann Schober, Austrian
vice chancellor. The British and
French Insisted that the accord should
be submitted to the World court for
ah opinion as to whether It violated
tfce post-war treaties, and the council
of the League of Nations ordered this
done. Tbe council has selected Arthur
Henderson as chairman of tbe 1932
disarmament conference.
WBEN the directors of tbe World
Bank for International Settle
ments met In Basel, Switzerland, they
heard from Gates W. McGarrah, Its
president, that tbe deposits of the In
stitution have gone past the $400,000,
000 mark. This sum Is far In excess of
the expectations, and It clearly shows,
according to tbe belief there, that the
world bank Is becoming something
more than a mere depository for the
central banks of various nations, so
that even If the reparations paymenu
should later be put on some other
basis, or cease entirely, the bank
would still be certain to continue to
function.
The bank has consented to help In
putting the Austrian bank, Credltan
stalt, back on Its feet but It was de
cided that tbe Initiative must come
from the League of Nations committee
for control of Austrian loans.
IN LONDON the
world grain confer
ence wae trying to
And the remedy for
the crisis in the agri
cultural world brought
oa by the Immense
overproduction of
wheat Samuel B. Me
Keirte, member of the
American farm board,
told the delegates the
Arat thing was to
slash screage to con
#. R. MeK?lvl?
snmptlon needs, ana sanraitieu wc ?
salts of a (tody of the situation of
Increasing surpluses and falling
pel era. Speaking from the American
standpoint, he said: "We see no poaal
MUtjr of a satisfactory eolation of the
? ?
1
world wheat problem which does not
Include, as the most Important single
element, curtailment of pfoductlon In
exporting countries, Individually and
as a whole, until a better adjustment
tttween supply and disposition can
te effected, and restraint upon fresh
expansion of production thereafter."
As a material aid toward relieving
overburdened markets McKelrle urged
every possible means of consumption
expansion and suggested abolition by
European Importing countries of their
protective tariffs, milling regulations
and preferential prices for domestic
wheat.
' ? ''HERE has been of late much dls
cusslon as to whether conditions
In the United States Justified a general
cut In wages, and what the effect of
such a move would be. Secretary of
Labor Doak took a hand In the debate
with a statement to the effect that
any move on the part of Industry to
lower wages would be considered a
violation of confidence by the admin
istration because of the agreement to
maintain wage scales which President
Hoover obtnlned from the Industrial
leaders late In 1920. In the event of
wage reductions, he declared, organ
ized labor would be Justified In de
manding higher pay and In opposing
the move by strikes.
Mr. Doak added that so far as he
knew, no leader of Industry has pro
posed a reduction In wages. Such
suggestions, he said, have come from
bankers, and are based on the opinion
that workers' pay should he lowered
to conform to the low price levels
which have resulted from the depres
sion. He attributed the current con
troversies between workers and em
ployers to the expiration of agree
ments, and added that In nearly every
case the difficulties have been amic
ably settled. Six Impending strikes,
which were brought to the attention of
the I.abor department the previous
week, were averted by the depart
ment's conciliation service, and In
every case a return to the existing
wage scale was effected.
HOW the American
army Is to be re
organized, developed
and modernized was
described In nn an
nouncement by Gen.
Douglas MacArthur.
chief of stnff. The
plans set forth Include
extension of mechan
ization and motoriza
tion throughout the
army, the revamping
of the' cavnlry arm by
the substitution of
Qanaral
MacArthur
fighting machine* for horses, and the
development of powerful tank forces
to be attached to army corps or field
armies, rather than the Infantry, which
remains the basic arm.
Some cavalry units with horses as
mounts will be retained for use In
rough country, but In general the
horse as a war weapon is discarded.
The mechanized force at Kort Eustls
will be reorganized a reinforced cav
alry regiment. Combat cars, equipped
with machine guns and possibly heav
ier weapons, which can travel 70 miles
an hour on hard roads, are counted
on to give the cavalry high mobility.
Despite tbe more extensive use of
machines, tbe Infantry will remain the
backbone of the army according to
General MacArthur's program.
AS WAS predicted, tbe War De
partment has dgclded to abandon
wholly or in part 53 surplus forts,
camps and reservations. In the list
announced by Secretary Hurley are
Fort Lincoln, N. D.; Fort lllssoula,
Mont.; Fort Eustlz, Va.; Fort D. A.
Russell. Texas; Fort Brown, Texas;
Fort Hunt, Ta.; Camp Stephen D.
Little, Aria,; Camp Garry J. Jones.
Ariz.; Miller Field. N. Y.. and Cbanute
Field, 111. Of course the abandon
ment of these posts may be prevented
by Indignant congressmen.
HOOVER dam across Boulder
canyon of the Colorado river Is
within the law and work on the huge
project can go ahead. So ruled the
Supreme court of the United States
In deciding that the act of congress
authorizing the construction was con
stitutional and dismissing tbe bill of
complaint of the state of Arizona. The
court, however, declared that Arizona
had shown that It might be injured by
the distribution of water from the
reservoir to be crested and tliaf It
therefor* has tbe right to make furth
er appeals for relief should Its rights
be impaired.
In another rase, that of Yetta
Stromberg. youthful communist, the
Supreme court held Invalid that clauae
jf Callfornla'a "red flag" law which
makea It a felony to "dlaplay any red
flag or other device In any public
place or from any building us a sign,
symbol or emblem of opposition to
organized government or as an Invita
tion or stimulus to anarchistic action,
or aa an aid to propaganda that Is of
a seditious character." The finding
declared this clauae was "repugnant
to the guarantee of liberty contained
In the Fourteenth amendment."
CELEBRATING the fiftieth annl
versa ry of its birth, the American
Ked Cross staged on May 21 what it
called "the world's greatest dinner
party." Every one of its 3,500 chap
ters held* an anniversary dinner In \fj
community, and all of thera were con
nected up by radio with the main din
ner In Washington. At this feast
President Hoover, who is also presi
dent of the Red Cross, was the prin
cipal speaker; and the guest of honor
was Judge Max Huher of Geneva,
Switzerland, president of the inter
national committee of the Red Cross.
With them sat cabinet officers and
their wives and many other notabil
ities.
The Post Office department Issued
a special commemoration stamp on
the anniversary date.
POPE PIUS XI, ad
dressing a group
of Spanish pilgrims,
described the burning
of churches and other
religious edifices In
Spain as "sacrileges
against God and holy
religion." and udded:
"While I recognise the
abnormal situation In
? Spain, It cannot Justi
fy the outrageous
deeds carried out by
the enemies of God
Cardinal
Segura
that were not suppressed by the
authorities."
The Vatican, however, Is promoting
a policy of conciliation and the papal
nuncio, Tedeschini. has hod friendly
consultation with Minister of Justice
de los Rlos who explained the arrest
and expulsion of Bishop Mujica of
Vltorla. The nuncio hns expressed
sorrow over what has happened, and
It is understood in Madrid that he
place* much of the blame for the riot
ing on the attitude of Cnrdlnnl Segura.
the former primate of Spain, who was
forced to leave the country been use he
would not accept the republic without
protest.
Cardinal Segura and Bishop Mujica
got together at Lourdes, France, and
proceeded to Rome for an Indefinite
stay. They will probably be told that
the Vatican Intends to drop the quar
rel with the republic.
DEATHS of two Americans at
tracted considerable attention.
In Tours, France, Brig. Gen. Robert
H. Dunlap, a distinguished officer of
the marine corpse was killed by a
landslide In a heroic effort to save
the life of a woman. Ralph Barton,
famous cartoonist and Illustrator, com
mitted suicide in his New York apart
ment, leaving a note that said be
feared he was going Insane.
DESPITE the rebellions Cantonese,
Gen. Chiang Kai-shek Is still the
ruler of China, and when the people's
convention closed its twelve-day ses
sion In Nanking he made an Impres
sive plea for nnlty and for co-opera
tion with the government In suppresa
Ing banditry and communism.
The principal achievements of the
convention were the adoption of a new
constitution, which goes Into effect on
June I, the declaration of the republic
of China with its permanent capital
at Nanking, and the mandate given
the government to carry out the terma
of the manifesto declaring all unequal
treaties between China and foreign
powers null and void.
FI.YINO men of the
United States
arm/ had a chance to
show what they can
do In mass during the
week, -for the air
forces were mobilized
In grand maneuvers
at Chicago. New York
and elsewhere under
the direct command of
Gen. B. D. Foulols,
dean of the lighting
air men. The planes,
of all types, concen
General
B. 0. Foulole
ii aicu m ua/iuu, uiiiu, unu uii luura
day pot on ? parade and exhibition at
Chicago that ?aa the doalng feature
of the dty'f Jubilee. Then they de
acended on the Atlantic conat and dla
played their ability to defend the
inetropolla and Roaton from hoatllc at
tack. A night bomhlng raid on New
York bad been planned, hot General
MacArtbur, chief of atalf, vetoed thla.
aaaerttng that the maneuvera rep re
aented a real attempt to teat oot the
defenalve power of the air arm rather
than the etaglng f a drcua. Nearly
?even hundred planea took part In the
maneuvera. being gathered from aI
parta of the country.
<M. nil. Weaters Newspaper Ualea.1
Plane Crash in Front Yard Kills Two
Losing control of s monoplane flying above Los Angeles, two men were killed wben the craft crashed Into
the front yard of a home.
Halt Aliens at
Canada Border
?w ?
Huge Smuggling Ring Bared
as Reason for Heavy
Deportations.
Washington. ? Answering criticism
of the Illegality of deportation meth
ods employed by the United Ststes
Department of Labor, Secretary Wil
liam H. Doak refers to Canada as the
source of the major part of alien
smuggling Into the republic and Im
plies that only Illegal technique can
combat this smuggling.
Criticism of the Immigration offi
cials Is contained In a study of de
portation methods prepared for Pres
ident Hoover's national commission
on law observance and enforcement
by Attorney Reuben Oppenlielmer of
Bnltlmore.
"Immigration authorities had knowl
edge of the existence of this gang of
smugglers In Canada," declared Sec
retary Doak, "and knew that for a
fixed price, ranging from $100 to $500
a head, the group would undertake to
run aliens Illegally Into the United
States."
Many Finns Brought In.
The secretary spokg of the re
cent Vald on a Finnish dance In New
Tork city and the arrest of 20 Finns
without warrant.
"The Immigration authorities have
been Informed," he went ont, "that
fully 1.000 Finns who left Finland
and entered Canada as Immigrants
are now unlawfully In New Tork city
alone, and It Is strongly believed that
a good many more who have been
smuggled In under like circumstances
(through the Buffalo district across
the Niagara river) are now In other
parts of the country.
"These facts concern only one race
of alien people and the seriousness of
the situation becomes apparent when
It Is considered that like systems of
violating the Immlgrajlon laws are In
operation with respect to other na
tionalities. In some Instances It Is
known that the operation oi these
systems begins abroad and extends
to all of tbe borders of tbe United
States."
Agrees With Secretary.
Assistant Secretary W. W. Hus
band, who, as UDlted States commis
sioner of Immigration for many years,
bss been more Intimately In touch
wltb Immigration problems than any
official In the Department of Labor,
agrees with Secretary Doak that "the
judicial Illegality" of arresting aliens
wlthont warrants of any kind Is nec
essary if the Immigration authorities
are to accomplish any Increase In de
portations.
"I don't know whether Canada
beata Cuba as the sonrce of this alien
smuggling," said Mr. Husband, "but
It's certainly just as bad. All along
the border In Canada are persons
whose chief business seems to be get
ting aliens In tbe United States for a
consideration. Just recently we
picked up a poor girl In Buffalo whose
last payment to a fellow for rowing
her across the Niagara was $100.
What her other payments had been I
do not know. I guess that's one of
the most expensive ferries In the
world. The girl had to go back to
Jugoslavia aitd tbe crook has her
money."
School Board Turns
Down Ban on Smoking
Emporia, Kan.?Because the school
board members here felt they couldn't
ask the men teachers not to smoke
us lung as some of the members of
the board smoked, they also felt they
couldn't ask the women teachers not
to smoke If the men teachers smoked.
This reasoning recently prevented a
clause from getting Into the 1931-32
contracts of Emporia city school
teachers. The clause would prohibit
women teachers from smoking in pub
lic. or In private.
Unique Trade Tour on
Queer Autos Is Planned
Coventry, Eng.?A unique traveling
British Industries fair contained In a
number of amphibian automobiles
soon Is to make a 12,000 miles trade
promotion tour of Europe and Africa.
The automobiles, or "boat cars,"
now being built by the Riley company
here, are designed to cross the deep
est rivers without the aid of a sep
arate boat or reft nnd are propelled
by canoe paddles. The cars nre fitted
with glnnt wheels nnd surrounded hy
a detachable electron frame carrying
four large air bags on each side of
the car. When Inflated the air bags
will enable the vehicles to cross any
water course at such a height as to
prevent harm to the engine. They
will be accompanied by a trailer and
two motorcycles.
Over forty British manufacturers
are co-operating In the expedition
which, headed by Cnpt. GeofTrey Ma
11ns, the explorer, Is expected to be
traveling for over a year. Two or
three experf salesmen will assist Cap
tain Matins In an endeavor to con
vince the people of the countries vis
ited that British goods are best. Sam
ples are being taken in the cars and
a portable projector and films will
help advertise the goods of the In
terested manufacturers. Mullns will
also take a film of the trip to be ex
hibited in England upon his return.
Language of lndtlan
Nation Nearly Extinct
Norwich, Conn. ? The beautiful,
rhythmic tongue of a once powerful
Indian nation Is virtually extinct
among the last of the Mohicans.
No one among the 70 remaining on
the reservation at Mohegnn, near
here, can speak more than a few
words of greeting, according to Chief
Peegee Uncas, descendant of a long
line of rulers who held sways In west- I
ern Massachusetts and Connecticut
Chief Uncas believes the only Mohi
can who can converse freely In the
tribal language is William Dick of
Wisconsin, descendant of another
Mohican who migrated to that state
after the Mohicans withdrew from
the Five Nations. Dick lives at
Stockbridge, named for the old home
of the tribe in Massachusetts.
5 Mouse on Battery g
g Halts Fanner's Car |
5 Kilmer, Kan.?Fred Clark, S
5 who Urea on a farm near here, 3
5 started to drlre to Oskalooaa. X
2 His car began to miss. Sadden- g
3 Ir It stopped running altogether. X
g Clark couldn't figure out Just 9
3 what the trouble was. g
5 He called a garage man and X
x had It hanled to the garage. An 5
6 examination disclosed the fact 2
X that In some manner a moose 0
0 bad got on the battery. 2
5 The moose had died there and 2
2 Its body lay across the wires, 6
6 causing a short g
40000000000000000000000000
e
* Motor "Mi**" Let* I
Driver Mist Death *
* Equality, 111.?A "ml:. " In the *
sic motor of his automobile prob- *
* ably saved the life of Charles *
* Kinkade. When the motor de- *
J veloped trouble Kinkade drore *
* the car to a garage. *
j|c The trouble was caused by fire *
jjj sticks of dynamite wired to the *
3|c motor. The dynamite woold *
* have exploded had the motor *
3k been heated. ?
Americans' Tribute to Thomas Hardy
Prof. Joho Livingstone Lowe* (right) of Harvard and Oxford unlveraltles
unveiling a memorial to Thomas Hard)1, as several other Americans, who
joined In erecting the monnment, look on. The shaft of Cornish granite stands
near the thatched cottage at higher Bockhampton, Dorset, England, where the
novelist was born.
fyjuUrtEraimg
Fairy TaM<
^Ffary Gmhara^ML
BLACKY AND WHITEY
One eat wai very black. Hla name
was Blacky. One cat was very white
Ilia r> n m A v ? ?
Whltey.
"I am so glad to
day Is wash day,"
said Whltey. *1
saw the soiled
clothes being
scrubbed so hard
and hang oat od
the line to dry.
"Tomorow they
7 111 iron the
clothes and then
pat them back In
the basket all nice
ly folded.
"Later they win
go in the linen
room. Ah, saeh
Joy." And Whltey
purred happily.
"Now what la
the world do yon
> rr> "u n j?j
His Name Was
Blacky.
talk about wash day and ironing day
for?" asked Blacky. "I can under
stand It when yon talk about mice
because I have never known any crea
ture so fond of them.
*'Of course I like them. too. but you
certainly are very. T?T fond of mice
?but not in a way to please the mice
exactly V
"I don't care for wash day or iron
ing day, to tell you the truth," sold
Whitey.
"I thought not,* said Blacky.
"But In a way I do care for them,"
said Whitey quickly.
"Oh?" said Blacky, surprised and
puzzled once more.
"They are necessary." said Whitey
"1 suppose so," said Blacky, "but
why do you care about that?"
"Well, I like to lie in clean clothes."
said Whitey. "Nothing gives me the
Joy that the basket of clean clothes
does!
"At least that la one of the Joys
of my cat life. As for the linen
closet?well, when they leave the door
open I am happy. I love to lie among
the white napkins and pillow cases
and sheets.
"Oh yes, I do."
"That's the queerest thing I ever
heard." said Blacky.
"Well, neighbor Blacky." said
Whitey, "the mistress knows this. I've
often heard her say that she couldn't
leave the clean clothes in the basket
alone for a moment as I'd lie in them
right away.
"And she doesn't often leave the
closet door open for she knows how
I love the linen closet.
"You see I like such luxuries and
comforts as clean clothes, all freshly
washed and aired and ironed.
"That's why I'm never around
playing when It Is wasMng and iron
ing time.
"I'm trying to
sw If I can get In
the clean clothes
and have a luxurl
| ous rest and sleep.
-That's what Tin
trying to do."
-Well, you're an
odd cat," said
Blacky. "And of
course it is very
lucky that you are
white."
"Y e s. t h a t's
lucky agreed Whl
tey. "It wouldn't
be so easy for you
If you cared about
clean w'hite
clothes."
"I don't believe
I'll try It," said
Blacky. "IT Just
Hi# Nam* Was
Whitey.
usien 10 you leiung me udoui iu
*'I must be off now," said Whitey.
"I have an engagement.**
??Oh yes," said Blacky, twisting his
whiskers and grinning.
Not la Stock
Little Marshall was standing in the
front yard of his grandmother's home
in a small country town watching the
different vehicles which were passing
In the street, when he saw a wagon
drawn by a horse.
-Oh, grandma, look! Where do they
get horses? Do they have to buy
them?" he asked.
When grandmother answered: "Of
course, Marshall.** He was thoughtful
for a few minutes and then remarked:
"Well, that's fnnny. I never did see
any in the stores uptown!"
Not What Teacher Meant
The schoolmaster was explaining fo
his class of small boys the nature of
vulgar fractions. "If I take a potato,
cut it In half, then In quarters, and
then In halves again, what shall I
have?" -
>