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The Alamance gleaner VOL. LVII. GRAHAM, N, C., THURSDAY JUNE 4, 1931. NO. 18. _ ? . V ' News Review of Current Events the World Over j, . Supreme Court Bars Reservations to Oath of Allegiance ?Economy Plans tor Post Office Depart ment Are Announced. Bv EDWARD W. PIEKARD FIVE Justices of the United States Su preme court have ruled, In the case of Prof. Douglas C. Mac intosh of (he Yale divinity school, that a foreigner who seeks American citizenship must take the oath with no reservations about taking up arms for the country in time of war. Macin tosh refused to swear Justice Sutherland allegiance without limiting his obli gation to bear arms, and therefore Is denied the right of naturalization. The same decision was made in the case of Miss Marie Averili Bland. Botli she and Macintosh are Canadians and both saw wartir** service in France. Justice Howard Sutherland, who wrote the majority opinion, held that the cases properly came within the principle laid down in the case of Rosika Schwimmer, pacifist leader, who was denied citizenship on virtual ly the same grounds. He discussed the broad omnipotent war power granted congress by the Constitution, saying: "From its very nature, the war power, when necessity calls for its exercise, tolerates no qualifications or limitations unless found in the Con stitution or in applicable principles of international law." "The conscientious objector," Justice Sutherland added, "is relieved from the obligation to bear arms in obedi ence to no constitutional provision, ex pressed or implied; but because, and only because, it has accorded with the policy of congress thus to relieve him." Chief Justice Hughes, joined by Justices Holmes, Brandeis and Stone, dissented from the majority opinion. npYVO other decisions of the Supreme court during the week are of great interest. One reversed t lie judgment of the Circuit Court of Ap peals sustaining the patent granted Dr. Irving Langmulr in 1925 on vaccura tubes used in radio and other speech reproduction processes. The patent is owned by the General Electric com pany. It was attacked by thp De Forest Radio company, which cob tended that unless the Langmuir patents were set aside General Elec tric would have a virtual monopoly of the radio tube now In common use. In the second decision the powers of the federal trade commission to regulate advertising are restricted. The commission had ordered the Ral adam company of Detroit to cense advertising an obesity remedy as "safe" unless accompanied by a state ment that it should be taken under advice of a physician. The commis sion held it had the right to protect the public in this way, but the Detroit concern complained that the body was trying to censor advertising. In this contention it was upheld by the court PROF. AUGUST PICCARD, Swiss scientist, and his assistant, Charles Kipfer, established a new record by ascending 52,500 feet in a balloon. They are convinced they reached the stratosphere and that their observa tions will be of considerable value. They started from Augsburg, Bavaria, being hermetically sealed in an alum inum ball suspended from a large bal loon; 18 hours later they landed on a glacier in the Alps of Austrian Tyrol. They nearly suffocated because their aupply of oxygen ran short, and they suffered from hunger and thirst. EVERY time Presi-j dent Hoover takes | some cabinet member to the Rapldnn camp ' for a week-end. furth er plans for reducing the government's over head are concocted. First came the Army and Navy depart ments. and then It was the turn of the Post Office department. Postmaster General Walter Brown and his Poetmatter Gen. Brown assistants were the guests and the "victims." and after the conference In the woods It was announced that a program had been adopted that would save J3S.000.00n In the present fiscal year and that would produce many economies next year. However. It was emphatically stated that efficiency would He Increased Instead of dim inished and that there would be no decrease In penonnel. 0 The statement Indicated that the department has felt the depression. It was estimated that due to busi ness conditions revenues to the de partment this year would be $5S, 000,000 below the original estimates. THIS year's Memorial day address by President Hoover was deliv ered in the memorial park at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, where George Washington and his ragged troops spent a terrible winter 153 years ago, and where more than 3,000 of those patriots are buried. The exercises of the day were impressive. Two thou sand troops acted as escort to Presi dent and Mrs. Hoover and a battery from Phoenixvllle fired the salute. In his address Mr. Hoover reviewed his past policies In International piatters and outlined his plans for the future, especially concerning the reduction of armaments. The night preceding this, the Presi dent was the guest of the Union League club of Philadelphia at a ban quet where he was presented with un oil portrait cf himself. Experts from many lands were present when the In ternational labor con ference opened In Geneva, but the Unit ed States was not rep resented. Secretary of Labor Doak appointed Miss Mary Anderson, chief of the woman's bureau, as the Amer ican delegate and she sailed May 12, with the special hope that Miss Mary Anderson me conierence migni aaopt nn agree ment banning night work by women. But Just after Miss Anderson readied Europe Mr. Doak sent her a cable instructing her to stay away from Geneva and giving her other missions for the department. Making his action public, the labor secretary merely said the State de partment had deemed It "wholly in advisable" to have any one from the United States government at Geneva, either in official or unofficial capacity. Mrs. harry payne whit ney's memorial typifying the heroism of the men who went down with the Titanic In order that women and children might be saved was un veiled on the banks of the Potomac in Washington In the presence of President and Mrs. Hoover, and many other prominent persons. Secretary of State Stimson presided nt the cere mory. The statue is the contribution of more than 20,000 American women. MICHELE SCHIRRU, an Italian born naturalized citizen of the United States, was executed by a fir ing squad in Rome ufter being con victed of plotting to kill Mussolini and of other activities against Fas cism. Schirru admitted his guilt, but said his plans had been abandoned and he was about /to return to Amer ica when arrested. INVESTIGATION of ? the building ma- 3 terlal Industry, espe- I dally those phases of I It Involved In the let- f ting of contracts for f; government buildings, m has been begun by ? the federal trade com- I mission. It Is believed I that the inquiry will I . a lot of light on ? mulong existing tight ,dKlwecn the Indiana limestone men and the Senator Shipatead granite ana mamie men or .New Eng land. Such, at least, is the hope of Senator Henrlk Shlpstead of Minne sota, Who Introduced the% resolution Wiling for the Investigation. The trade commission, jflpouncing that preliminary work already had been started, said: "In this inquiry the commission will investigate and report facts re lating to the letting of contracts for the construction of government build ings, particularly with a view of de termining whether or not there are or have been any price fixing or other agreements, understandings or com binations of interests among individ uals, partnerships, or corporations en gaged in the production, manufacture or sale of building materials with re spect to the prices or other terms at or under which such materials will he furnished contractors or bidders for such construction work." Senator Shlpstead said he Intro duced the resolution because of com plaints that such collusion between the purveyors of building materials did exist and because of further com plaints, seemingly aimed at the han dling of contracts by the government itself, that specifications for buildings were so framed that they unfairly lim ited the sources from which material! could come. The llmestone-granite-inarhle con troversy falls in the latter category. The charges are that Indiana's advo cates have been too Influential and have somehow or other put "Indiana limestone" Into the specifications for too many government buildings. EXILE from Rn mania and expul sion from tlie royal family of that country is the fate arranged for Queen Ilelene, the estranged wife of King Carol. According to Patria, the official organ of the Zaranlst party in Iiucharest, a decree has been draft ed for submission to the new parliament Queen Helcne confirming Helen's exclusion and de claring that she Is no longer entitled to the rights and honors accorded to royalty. Pari lament is expected to adopt the measure as soon as It as sembles, and Helene will leave the country permanently soon thereafter, terminating her uncertain marital status of more than two years. Ob servance of the queen's saint day last Thursday was forbidden in an order issued by War Minister Stephanescu and authorized by Premier Jorga. Helene divorced Carol while he was in exile In 1028 with Magda Lupescu. When he made a dramatic flying re turn to Bucharest last year she spurned his overtures toward a rec onciliation and steadfastly refused to be crowned with hlin. SPAIN'S new Re publican govern ment is far from being stabilized yet. Its troubles, both exter nal and Internal, con tinue to cause some uneasiness. According to the authorities in Andalusia, martial law which was pro claimed there several weeks ago may have to be continued In definitely because of Don Francisco Aguilera me luromence or ine uoramunisis. ai so, martini law has been reinstated in Klda, Valencia, where there^was a violent revolt last December. The army, now under command of Don Francisco Aguilern, the new captain general, is kept in readiness to sup press any uprisings anywhere, of either Communists of royalists. Flections in Cutalonia resulted In complete victory for Colonel Francisco Macia's party. The assembly therefore will he dom inated by those who demand autonomy for Catalonia under the authority of the central government. The other day the Republican gov ernment issued a decree guaranteeing absolute freedom of worship to all religions. The pope regarded this as a clear violation of the concordat still in existence between Spain and the Vatican, and he sent a formal protest to Madrid after a conference with Cardinal Segura, the expelled primate of Spain. CHINA appears to be on the brink of another civil war. President Chiang Kai-shek bitterly denounces the Communist rebels of Kwantung and Kwangsl provinces and says the Na tionalist government Is forced to choose between accepting Communists Into the party, which It will not do, or resorting to war. Large bodies of troops were reported to be moving on toward Canton to attack the insur gents. THROUGH its chairman, J. Weston Allen, the national crime com mission makes a report asking all states to pass a uniform law regulat ing theft information, ownership rec ords and registration to check the growing evil of automobile thefts and the use of cars that are stolen by criminals. The committee also recommends the enactment by congress of the hill which makes criminal the transporta tion In Interstate or foreign commerce of property stolen or taken felonious ly by fraud or with the Intent to steal or pufloin. The bill passed the house of representatives but did not reach the Senate during the Inst ses sion of congress. HAVING changed his mind about appealing from his conviction and sentence for bribery. Albert B. Fall, former secretary of the Interior, has asked the Supreme Court of the United States to reverse the decision of the District Court of Appeals. His brief attacks the validity of the In dictment and the admission of certain evidence. mi. Waster* Newspaper UaleM Proposed Memorial to War Pigeons j A model of the contemplated war memorial selected by the German government, to be erected In memory of the World war carrier pigeons. To Make Study of the Philippines a Senate Committee to Visit Farthest Outpost of Uncle Sam's Domain. Washington.?The Philippines, Uncle Sam's furthest outpost, will he the subject of special study by members of the territories committee of the United States senate this summer. Tours of the islands and visits to fac tories, schools and homes of the Fil ipinos will be made by the visiting senators. "The Philippine islands constitute the most unusual and the most dis tant domain under the American flag," says a bulletin from Washington (D. C.) headquarters of the National Geo graphic society. "The Philippines are American property, yet they are neith er territory, colony, nor naval base of the United States. The Filipinos have citizenship, not American citizenship, but citizenship in the Philippine Is lands of the United States. In effect they have the rights and privileges of American citizens, although they pay no federal taxes, are exempt from the exclusion provisions of our Immigra tion laws, and do not pay for defense or diplomatic services. "Nonlncorporated Territory." "If the Philippines were under Brit ish rule they would probably be known us a protectorate. The department of Insular affairs of the United States War department, which takes care of matters relating to the Philippines in this country, refers to the dependency as a 'nonlncorporated territory.' "Unlike the residents of Alaska, Porto Rico, the Hawaiian islands, the Virgin Islands, the Canal zone, Guam, 8amoa, and other scattered pieces of American territory, the Filipinos make all their own laws, have their own qualifications for voters, their own cur rency, their own postage stamps, and even their own schedule of tariffs. "Fill[flno law cannot run counter to basic American principles, but. In a general sense, It Is true that where American statute law does not speci fically Include the Philippines, the mat ter Is left to Filipino legislators. Con sequently, the prohibition amendment does not apply In the Philippines, nor Is there woman suffrage, nor Income tax. Few American Officials. "This summer, on August ,he Philippines will mark the completion of a decade and a half of government under the Jones act, which In 1016 abolished the old Philippine commis sion. substituted In its place an elec tive senate of 04 members and a house of representatives of 61 members. "Only the governor general and the auditor of the Islands are now appoint ed by .the President of the United States. American othcials comprise hut 1% per cent of the total person nel In the Philippine government. "The Philippine islands are. us a group, the most populous unit under the American flag. New York state, according to the 1930 census, lias 12, 588,006 Inhabitants, but the Phillip pines, by a 1030 estimate, top this fig ure almost 50,000. No American state stretches over as much territory as the Philippine archlpelugo, which, if It and the water between were laid on a map of the United States, would cover a quarter of the area of the country. From north to south the Philippines extend a distance equal to that between New York and Miami. The land area of the Philippines equals Arizona's, fifth largest state in the Union. In Good Financial Condition. "In contrast to the Virgin islands and Porto Rico, each of which is strug gling with peculiar economic problems, the Philippines are In a good financial condition. The latest Instilnr govern ment report shows a surplus of rev enues over expenditures of nearly $40, 000,000, and a favorable balance of trade of some $17,000,000. "Sugar leads the exports of the Philippine islapds by a wide margin. More than 600,000 long tons were shipped In 1920, almost all of which was sent to the United States, where it may enter tariff free. Second In importance Is coconut oil, which re cently has become a bone of conten tlon nnion^ American manufacturers of dairy products, who claim the duty free Philippine product is undercutting their business. "Most famous of Philippine products, however, is 'Manila hemp,' or ahaca, for tiie hemp plant of the Philippines Is a species of the banana family and Is not really hemp at all. Its leaves are like banana leaves, -and -its fruit rssembles the banana, although It Is filled with black seeds and Is not edible. Hut It yields the longest and strongest cordage fiber known. Al though third on the list of Philippine exports It represents a monopoly, for abaca will not grow elsewhere In com mercial quantities. The $28,000,000 crop In 1029 provided a living for more than a million Filipinos. Less than half of the output was sent to the United States. "Copra, or dried coconut meat, to bacco and embroidery are other Im portant exports from the Philippines. The principal needs of the Islands, Judging from the value of Imports, are cotton goods. Iron and steel man ufactures, meat and dulry products, automobiles, wheat, flour and silks. Manila Really Three Cities. "An American on his first visit to Manila, picturesque capital of the Philippines, might have difficulty In discovering what part his country has taken in the development of a city It has held for 30 years. Manila is real ly throe cities, the Spanish city, or Intramuro8, within the old stone walls; the native, more or less Mulay, town of nipa palm shacks, and cascog or wicker-roofed native boats; and the modern American developments around the two and along the wa t erf rent. "Although the Stars and Stripes wave everywhere, the visiting Ameri can will hear Spanish spoken almost as frequently as Knglish, and will see street signs in both languages, or Spanish alone. Spanish and Knglish are each official languages in the Phil ippines. Traffic on the streets and railway lines goes to the left. In the British manner. Automobiles are in creasing In number. "In the last few years a number of important engineering works have been completed. High up in the Benguet mountains, 1G0 miles from Manila, a carefully-*planned summer capital has been completed at Bagulo. This truly occidental community, amid pine groves and grass lands, has become one of the most popular spots in the Orient, the 'Simla of the Philippines.' The streets of Manila are now lighted with electric current generated In the mountain gorges of Laguna, .12 miles away. American engineers waged 1(1 months of warfare against the tropical torrent of Botocan falls before the tempestuous stream was harnessed to serve man." 1908 Nickel Found in Clara Kittery, Maine.?Opening a clam he dug on Badger's Island. Benjamin Downing found inside a nickel, dated 1908. New British One-Man Fighting Plane Tliln marvelous one-man fighting plane was tested at the Gloster Air craft company's field, near Gloucester, England. The machine, -rhlch reaches a speed Of 200 mile* an hour In level flight. Is virtually a (lying gun-platform, with six machln' guns, controlled In unison from the pilot's cockpit, so arranged that the b Uets converge In a cone of fire a few hundred yards from the machine. f Dogs Play Havoc | j! With Sheep Flock ' | Oskaloosa, Kan.?Sheep killing ?j! ? dogs have appeared near here. I J. G. Drumming lost five ewes < ? * ? and eleven la nibs as a result of ! their depredations. Awakened | by a commotion In his cheep lots, Drumming arrived in time to see two dogs escaping after the ? slaughter. ?? ) Two nights later the same !! ? thing occurred. The second time *f he got close enough to recognize ? the dogs. He has a shotgun at his ' * I bedside and will kiH them the < > next time they appear. The sheep all had been at* ; tacked In the rear flank. This !s / ? a characteristic of a sheep killing \* \ dog. A wolf, on the other hand, ? slashes at the throat and front y ;; flank. Daddy's (aB E.vening'^HH Fairu| Tale Ar /^Any-GRAHAM-BONZffia ?r ? wim wwvjmuwow ? ON TIME The brownies had been Invited to the party. They are great friends of the lizards and the lizards were giv ing the party. You see It was the birthday of young Master Lizard and so he was having a birthday party. All the other lizards had been In vited and the newts and the snails. They had invited the snails to come at ten o'clock in the morning, and all the rest of the guests to come it three In the afternoon. You see they knew that the snails would take so long to get ready and crawl to the party that they would invite them ahead of time. They told the other guests they would explain this to the snails later on. So Just at three o'clock every guest arrived." And every snail arrived then. too. "What! Are we on time?" asked one of the snails. "No," laughed master Lizard, "you're Just five hours late. But yon see we really wanted you rnd we knew that was the only way to get yon here by three o'clock?by saying you must come at ten o'clock!" The snails all laughed, for after all, though It was certainly not much of a complijnent to their power of be ing on time, still It showed the liz ards wanted them. It was a splendid party. They had races and dances and games. Bat best of all was the supper. It consisted of moss-green ice cream, silver spring water, evergreen salad and buttercup soup. They ate it all backwards for the lizards are not at all fussy about man "Are We on Timer* Tiers you know?so they started off with ice cream and ended off with soup! Best of all they had a cake, and oh. wasn't Master Lizard so,very happy! The cake was brought In on a chariot which was drawn by four lit tle lizards and It was made of all the delicacies of the woods nud had four sprigs of vine hung from little sticks, which meant that Master Lizard was four months old! They begin birthday parties when they are very joung In the lizard world, and you would have laughed had you heard young Master Lizard say to the little lizards who were still younger: "Hurry up and Invite the raindrops to come for the birthday cake, for they keep me young and I am growing old so quickly !** Down came the little raindrops, for they are such friends of the lizards. And oh, what a lovely time they had then, playing In an 1 out of the spots where the raindrops fell. I Master Lizard was delighted with ! his party. He couldn't have had a nicer one. And the snails were so glad they were on time for It?even if they were really late according to the hour they had been Invited. RIDDLES Why Is a stick of candy like a race horse? The more you lick eachvthe faster it g?>es. ? ? * Give a good definition of a button. A small affair that is r.lways coming off. ? ? ? ' Why IS a cook like a harbor? He dresses hare (hair). * ? ? Why is a plum cake like the ocean? Because it contains mr.ny currants. ? ? ? What's the best day for making pan cakes? Fry-day. ? ? ? What Is the difference between fog i and a falling star? One is a mist on earth, the other is missed in heaven.
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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June 4, 1931, edition 1
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