THE GLEANER
JRAHAM, N. 0., OCT. I. 1931.
PREHISTORIC BONES
OFTEN FOUND HERE
United States Fertile Field
for Paleontologists.
Washington.?The discovery In Tex
as of the dorsal armor of a giant phy
tosaur, a crocodlle-Uke creature which
Uved more than 50,000,000 years kgo,
emphasises the fact that the United
States Is still a fertile field for paleon
tologists seeking the fossils of prehis
toric animals. Traces of many species
of these monsters have been found
from timf to time.
Judging from the number of tracks
found, the dinosaur, or "terrible rep
tile," seems to liave been the most
common in all parts of the country,
ftcstde the Connecticut river near
Northampton are preserved dinosaur
tracks said to be the most perfect ever
found. Nearer New York, at Wood
bridge, N. J., dinosaur tracks were dis
covered last year measuring 20 Inches
across the toes. They are thought to
date back to the cretaceous period of
the Mesozole age.
Haunts of the Dinosaur.
The haunts of the dinosaur In New .
Jersey were first discovered, however.
In 1858, and ^ mounted skeleton Is In
the State museum at Trenton.
In the western states and in the
Canadian province of Alberto dino
saur bones-have been most frequently
foond and most easily excavated, i
Some huge tracks, 38 Inches long, have
been discovered In Colorado; and In
Dinosaur canyon, near Flagstaff,
Ariz., 300 tracks were found by one
expedition. One of the largest skel
etons of this beast was found in Utah
In 1923?the diplodocus of the species.
Tills specimen was 71 feet long and the
pieces discovered weighed about 52,
000 pounds. This creature Is sup
posed to have lived 170,000,000 years
ago.
Mastodons, It Is believed, were
abundant here about 25,000 years ago,
wbereas this animal was thought to
have become extinct In Europe 1,000
centuries hack. Mastodon teeth T
Inches long huye been discovered In
the ocean off the New Jersey coast;
and the vicinity of Niagara falls han
furnished a fertile Held for such dis
coveries.
Hugs Thunder Lizard.
Near Mediclnfe Bluff, Wyo? was
found the skeleton of one of the larg
est of the prehistoric reptiles, the
brontosanrus, or thunder lizard, now
In the I'eabody museum at New Ha
ven. When alive. Its weight Is esti
mated to have been about 40 tons, and
it lived about 120,000,000 years ago.
The Jaw of a tlthanothere, to which
family belong the modern horse, tapir
and rhinoceros, was found In the
White Klver Bad Bands of South Da
kota In 1840.
Border Smuggling Cut
by Help of Mexicans
Juarez, Mexico.?Smuggling opera
tions along the Juarez-El Paso sec
tion of the Rio Grande have been cut
In half since the Mexican government
ordered armed patrols along the
boundary, Gen. Miguel S. Gonzalez,
Juarez garrison commander, declared.
"While we never will be nble to
stamp out smuggling, we have cut
activities to a minimum," General
Gonzalez said.
"Our greatest trouble Is In airplane
smuggling. We are not yet equipped
to cope with It and, as planes allow
night operations at Inland towns or
secluded spots, we are In a difficult
position."
General Gonzalez paid that a large
amount of merchandise being smug
gled Into Mexico from, the United
States also has been seized by his men
as well as a large quantity of liquor,
being taken Into the United. States
from Mexico. , -
Ancient Cuban Letter*
to Be Placed in Case
Havana, Cuba.?Valuable documents
written by General Albemarle, who
led the English Invasion of Cuba
against the"?panlards In 1762, are to
be placed on display under glass In
the ancient city hall of Havana, It has
been announced by Mayor Tlrso Mesa
of Havana.
Some of the most historically val
uable documents In the archives of
Havana, they were written on parch
ment and are In a line state of pres
ervation. They Include military or
ders and decrees and a number -of
personal letters.
Excavation Reveals
Roman Jig-Saw Puzzle
London.?Excavatjoni beneath the
aew building of the Royal Bank of
Canada la Botbtjnry, E. C., have re
. salted In . the discovery of a 1,800
|Hl ulil jig-saw puzzle In Roman
Ugay pfeces of the old puzzle are
mllllag, but there has emerged a
piljgfg of the substantial bouse of
.AhcbeolMlsts we now studying the
J|gav puzzle end other sections of
tessellated paVlDg found In the area. '
Cumberland County farmers co-j
oporsted to ship a mixed.car of
bofa and sheep to the Richmond
market left week. '
MEASURE STRENGTH
OF MAN IN TESTS
Public Health Sendee Put* 600
Through Pace*.
Washington.?Bow strong I* a man!
The answer has just been made by
the United States public health serv
ice through a series of tests given to
SOO men. Generally, heavily built
men were found to be stronger than
slender men of the same weight.
The tests were made to ascertain
the pulling, pushing, handgripplng,
lifting and lung power of men be
tween the ages of twenty and thirty
four, between the weight of 120 and
109 pounds, and between the heights
of 63 and 70 Inches.
The greatest pulling power was
demonstrated by men In the heaviest
weight class, between 160 and 169
pounds. Men In the two heaviest
classes, 150 to 159 and 100 to 109
pounds, tied as the most powerful
pushers. In each of these weight
groups the taller men proved to be
the best pushers, with a force of 121
pounds,-the record figure.
In the handgripplng contest the
tallest and heaviest men gave the
most powerful hand grips, with a
force of 108.48 pounds. But the
shortest men In the heaviest group
were the most powerful lifters, lifting
on an average 519.2 pounds.
The men having the greatest lung
power were found among the short
est In the 150-159 pound class. Their
lung force was measured at 154 mil
limeters.
So far as general strength went, It
was found that the taller men were
for their weight the less strength
they had on the average, and 'the
shorter they were for their weight
the stronger they were. This rule
npplled through practically all weight
groups.
As a rule heavy men were found to
be stronger than" men of a lighter
weight. Men In the 63-64 Inch class
were found to be the strongest In the
120-129 pound cladh, as thes' were In
the next weight class, 130-139 pounds,
and also In the 140-149 pound class.
However, the tallest men In the 150
159 pound class proved to be an ex
ception to the general rule, for they
were found to be the strongest. But
the general rule held again In the
heaviest class, 160-169 pounds, where
the shortest men were the strongest.
Chinese Population Is
Placed at 474,787,000
Pciping, China.?The latest census
of China, compiled by the ministry
of the Interior, shows the population
to be 474,787,000. This Is 15,000,000
less than the post office estimates of
1028.
Due to disorders In several parts
of China at present, the latest esti
mate Is considered approximate. Dr.
Warren S. Thompson,' head of the ,
Scrlpps Foundation for Study of
Population Problems, who recently ,
completed a year In China, declared
that It is possible to say only that
the populating of China Is- some
where between 350,000,000 and 500,
000,000. -r
??????????
Army Survey May Start
Vast Irrigation Project
Farmlngton, N. M.?The San Juan
valley In the Farmlngton section may
become a vast area of irrigation farms
if a survey now being made by army
engineers proves the feasibility ,of a
great reclamation project
An area of about 500,000 acres would
benefit from the project and lands now
In the public domain in San Juan coun
ty would be thrown open to new set
tlers.
Army engineers under Uaj. W. B.
Lanagan are making the survey to de
termine the wisdom of the reclamation
project on the San Juan river. A dam
constructed. 30 miles east of Farming
ton may provide. Irrigation water for
600,000 acres. .
It Costs $2,187.75 to
Prepare Child on Coast
Los Angeles.?It costs taxpayers
approximately 32,187.75 to give a boy
or girl 15 years Of schooling lib Los
Angeles city and county and equip
the student for matriculation In a
college or university, according to
Archie M. Clifton, county superin
tendent of schools. He said ha ar
rived at the estimate by dividing the
average per capita cost in all branches
of the city and county school system
and multiplying It by 15.
CUM. S, Hypnotises Self
Frederlcktown, Ohio.?Doctors at
tending Clarence Fletcher, five, in
jured while playing, declare he pos
sesses the rare power of aelf-hypnoslu
-The lad la able to Induce upon ,him
self an Insensible sleep so deep that
physicians are able to give htm deli
cate treatment without aid of an
anesthetic.
;; Item in Newspaper
Reunites Brothers ! ?
I Clyde, N. T.?An Brie (Pe.) 1 !
; newspaper which mentioned the ] \
name of Edward Damn of Erie < >
brought about the reoulon of ! |
> Edward and his brother, Joseph '< '
; of Clyde, who had nor seed each ! I
< other for 34 years
A relative noticed the name 1 '
1 and notified Joseph. The broth- ] [
I era were separated when Edwqrd < >
'decided to "see the world."
1 ' tE \
AIR MAIL SPREADS
IN SOUTH AMERICA
Sao Paulo, Coffee Center,
Now Gets Service.
Washington.?Sao Paulo, capital
and business metropolis of Sao Paulo
state, Brazil, Is one of the latest ci
ties to be enmeshed by the network
of air mail routes which are spread
ing over the South American repub
lics. The trip from Rio de Janeiro to
Sao Paulo takes 12 hours by rail. Tha
air mail schedule calls for a three
hour trip between the two cities.
"Sao Paulo Is one of the oldest ci
ties in Sonth America," says a bulle
tin from the National Geographic so
ciety, "but its age has not deprived
it of modern commercial development
Boom 8tarted In 1875.
"Fifty years before the Capt. John
Smith-Pocahontas episode at James
town, Va? a Portuguese sailor found
ed Sao Paulo and married the daugh
ter of a native Indian chief. Later
? Jesuit missionaries established a
churcii at the settlement and held the
first religious service o'n the feast day
in celebration of the conversion of
St. Paul. Hence the name of the
city, Sao Paulo, whicn means St.
Paul.
"For three centuries Sao Panlo en
Joyed isolation, unfettered by colonial
laws of Portugal. It was about 1,000
miles from the Portuguese govern- |
ment officials who were, at that time,
at Bflhlip In 1875 the ball of com
mercial progress started rolling
among the inhabitants, and newcom
ers were Instilled with a boom spirit
In slightly more than 50 years the
city has increased in population from
26,000 to more than half a million.
New streets that were built were made
broad and straight and flanked with
modern buildings.
"The-railway depot, municipal and
state government buildings, museums,
libraries, schools, and some of its
new business buildings would be flat
tering additions to many cities of the
world of the same size. Three huge
public gardens and more than 50
parks break the monotony of the
miles of streets.
City That Coffee Built
"Sao Paulo might properly be called
the city that coffee built. Many of
the palatial residences are those of
coffee 4barons.' In Sao Paulo streets
huge trucks, heavy carts, and perspir
ing men laden with sacks of coffee
are always within eyeshot. Coffee
was not Introduced into Brazil until
two eenturies ago, but the price of
coffee now largely governs the rise
and fall of Sao Paulo's prosperity.
While Ethiopia Is the original home
of coffee, Sao Pfiulo state has adopt
ed the greater portion of the descend
ants of the original coffee berries.
If the coffee plantations In the
state were In one plantation, it would
cover an area as large as Delaware
and Rhode Island combined. In a
single year more than one and a
quarter million pounds of coffee are
produced in the state. There are more
than seven coffee trees for every man,
woman and child in the state."
To Broadcast Weather
Reports for Vessels J
New Orleans.?Weather forecast re
ports for ships In the gulf, Caribbean
and other sonthern waters are to be !
broadcast from New Orleans the year I
round, It was announced. Heretofore
this service was maintained only dnr- ;
lug the so-called hurricane season, ?
from June 1 to November 30.
- Selected ! ships of all nations on
southern ship lanes will radio condl-~!
tlons in their vicinity to Washington. !
where the weather forecasts will be
compiled and transmitted to New Or
leans to be broadcast over a powerful
radio station here. -
Memory of Hubbard It
. Kept Alive by Tree
East Aurora, N. Y.?An apple tree
here is keeping aMve the memory of
Elbert Hubbard, philosopher and lover
of man, lost In the Lusltanla disas
ter.
Charles J. Rosen, official of the Roy
croft shops, and Elbert Hubbard in
dedicated the tree at simple ceremo
nies here recently.
"Elbert Hubbard symbolized life,"
Rosen said, "and that Is why we chose
a tree Instead of a building to dedi
cate to his memory.
"We thank God who made this tree,
for Elbert Hubbard."
Ohio Bluejays Declare
War on Pedestrians
Nerwalk, Ohio.?Bluejays have de
clared war on Norwalk.
Persons walking through a clump of I
trees at a street Intersection hare
beard the warning scream of half a
dozen of the birds and been driven at
a run from the scene. Arthur Peart,
J. E. Osborn and Paul Clark sufTered
severe facial scratches from the beaks
and claws of the jays.
Officials attributed the attacks to an
noyances suffered by the birds from
boys violating tbelr nests and molest
ing their eggs and young.
Cows Recognize Calves;
Man Arrested as Thief
Harper, Ore.?Four calree pastured
In R. Faust's yard. Faust denied.he
had stolen them. So four cows be
longing to Virgil Smith were driven
op. The calves seemed glad to see
thai. The cows gave every evidence
ef fondness for the calves. So Faust
was accused of larceny.
3k > i4 f ' Wi,, " -SB)
'v*. ..-?3V v ' > .&*
~ ~ '===
Still S*e Significance
^ in Signs end Portents
Although most people In these days
disclaim a. belief In signs, one who
watches closely will find almost every
one making occasional remarks on the
significance of this or that happening,
most of which, sifted down, prove to
be remnants of old superstitions or ]
folklore, of ancient days, some reach- ]
lng back even to the Dark ages, when
the world was commonly supposed to
be peopled b; various demons, whose
voices were heard In the beating of
the rain, the whistle of wind, rolling
of thunder, and all unusual noises.
When the Evil One visited the earth
he was supposed to take the form of |
a black cat, or a black dog. Be wus
also credited, upon occasions with
taking the shape of a black pig on the
ridgepole of a dwelling. A branch
cat from a mountain ash, or a horse
shoe nailed over the door, was com
monly believed to keep out witches.
Picking up a pin with the bead toward
one was supposed to Insure a ride.
When the sole of the foot Itched,
one expected to step on strange land.
When the sun shone through the llmhs
of apple trees on Christmas day It
was claimed there would be a good
crop of fruit the next year. "Plant a
bean with the eye up, and It will grow
. straight down through the earth to
| China," was a common belief.?Ameri
can Agriculturist.
Livingstone Worthy of
Stanley's Fine Tribute 1
The finding of a letter written by
David Livingstone In the heart of
Africa Is a reminder that the boys who
went marching off In '01 also knew
the Inspiration of an adventurous
hero. Seldom mentioned today, that
mild Scot who entered a cotton mill
at ten and the Dark continent's wastes
In his twenties, was to the Civil war
bugle boys what polar airmen are to
their grandsons. The letter Is of par
ticular Interest because It was written
shortly after he discovered I.ake
Nyassa and contains an enthusiastic
description of that "great water." Bis j
thirty years of explorations took him
through a third of Africa?no other
man did so much. He worked not
In haste for publishers back In Lon- I
don, but carefully for the advance of
civilization, and accordingly progressed
slowly, living with the natives and
noting down everything worthy of rec
ord. His were the first white man's
eyes to see the Victoria falls, he
sounded the slave trade's death knell,
be stirred the Imagination of James
Gordon Bennett. In the end he left a
record of accomplishment which led
Stanley to write: "We look In vain
among the nationalities for such a
name."?St. Louis Post-Dispatch.
Paris Claims Treasara
The city of Paris Is to have au un
expected Item added to the receipt side
of Its budget owing to a discovery
made tn the Bols de Boulogne last
August, writes a correspondent of the
London Dally Telegraph. A railway
worker who was making mud pies to
amuse his child unearthed a casket
containing a number of gold and sil
ver medals and 77 gold coins bearing
the effigy of Louis XVI. Taking his
And to a police station, he was In
formed that If no one claimed the .
treasure for a year and a day It would
become his property.
But the city of Paris has now
stepped In to register a claim on the
coins and medals Its case Is that as 1
the owner of the Bols de Boulogne It
Is entitled to a half share In anything
found there.
Excursion late Crater
After so many centuries of blighting
and blasting human life, one would
not expect that the old volcano out
side of Naples would Interest tourists
Yet that Is where we can go today and
right Into Its mouth. It will grumble
and puff In spasms of rage while yon
enter, but that need not annoy you.
It may even Jerk out Jets of brown
steam or with muffled roars throw up
beautiful gold vapors, while wlcked
looklng vents of hot air will lick up
In flame any paper you hold to them;
but, apart from the uncomfortable
feeling that yoti are wnlklng on ashes
and molasses, breathing sulphur the
while, you will return safely to the
plain.
Netherlands Dykes
The dykes which protect The Neth
erlands from the North sea In many
cases go back to Roman times Many .
are raised as much as 40 feet above |
high-water mark and are wide enough I
at the top for a general roadway or j
canal. They are made of earth pro- I
tec ted by stone slopes and by piles
and at the more dangerous points by
artinda! structures of brushwood
laden with slones The West Kapelle
dyke Is 12,408 feet long and has a
seaward slope of 300 feet On a ridge
89 feet wide are a roadway and a rail
way.
One of World's Wonders
The Hanging Hardens of Babylon
are said to have formed a square with
an area of nearly fonr acres and rose
In terraces supported on masonry
arches, to a height of 75 feet. They
were Irrigated Worn a- reservoir built
at the top, to which water was lifted
from the Euphrates by a screw,
fountains and banqueting rooms were
distributed throughout the numerous
terraces; groves and avenues of trees
as well as parterres of flowers diver
sified tlie scene, while the view of the
city and neighborhood was extensive
aad magnificent
LIGHTS ?
of NEW YORK
lsswip#?waaeooaaaee##assaM??iseeB
The elevated trains In New York
run past some flats whlck have fire
escapes on the front of the buildings
The platforms of these Iron stairways
form little terraces for the inhabitants.
On one of them, north of Fifty-third
street, stands an ordinary bnshel bas
ket filled with earth. Growing there
is one tall sunflower and two stalks
of corn. Every time 1 see it I wonder
if those people originally came from
Kansas.
? e e
What might be termed kitchen gar
dens are plentiful in the city. I saw
in one place a lovely hanging vine.
Some one had put a sweet potato In a
glass Jar, which was suspended by a
piece of wire. The Jar was partially
filled with water and the potato vine
had overflowed the top and hong in
long streamers. It was as pretty as
many of the more expensive plants
carried by florists.
. * ? . e
I suppose many of us have, at some
time or other, planted orange, lemon,
or grapefruit seeda. They spring up
into a tiny forest of miniature trees.
They tell me that one can raise to
mato vines, but that in this case tbe
seeds must be dried first, Just as seed
corn Is dried. Those who come to the
city from far away farms often raise
green things in a little box on a wln
dow-slU. It reminds them of boms.
e ? ?
Itecently 1 learned something in this
connection I never knew before. They
tell me that, if you wet a sponge and'
sprinkle It with bird seed, you will,
soon find It covered with a fine, green
grass. I never bad any Idea that bird'
seed would sprout Some day I'm go-'
lng te try it.
? ? ? i
I know one owner of a penthouse
who actually has some good alxed trees'
growing in deep tubs on his terrace.
Be dug them up himself on a trip tp
.the mountains. Another terrace has a
framework, which supports clematis
vines. Tbe owner told me be was go
ing to try honeysuckle, bnt didn't know
how well It would do in this climate.
Personally, I should like a canteloupe
or watermelon vine.
? ? e
One trouble about my planting any
seeds Is that there are some pigeons
from a roof down the street which pay
me fairly regular visits. I found one
of them recently investigating a box
of earth on the porch. Uy wife had
Intended to plant something in It. but
bad not yet done so. The Jeke was
on the pigeon.
? ? ?
I know a man who took p snail
place In Westchester for the summer
while his wife and children went on a
European trip. He was delighted to
see a green vine growing by the wall
of the little garage and poUup some
strings to help it climb. When bis
family returned the vine had done
splendidly. The children discovered
what It was. I( was poison Ivy.
? ? ?
A batcher on Park avenue slapped a
cigarette ont of a woman's mouth and
a judge later slapped a tweoty-flve-dol
lar fine on the butcher. After this, as
far as the butcher is concerned, ladles
may smoke.
<?. 1111. Bell Sradicate. 1?WNU Service
Texas Caves and Bluffs
Give Up Indian Relics
Del Rio, Texas.?The caves and
bluffs of the rugged Pecos and Devil's
river country near here have yielded
relics which archeologists believe
will do much In furnishing valuable
data about the early Indian inhabi
tants.
Miss Emma Futziets, 'principal of
the Mark Twain high school and di
rector of the Wltte Memorial museum,
San Antonio, beaded a small expedi
tion which found a collection of skulls,
bones, primitive knives, and other In
dian relics.
Miss Vivian Carson copied many
paintings, In as near the Original col
ors as possible, which were found en
the rock walls of the cares and bluffs
Survey Shows Cost of
Living Has Dropped
Washington.?The cost of living has
dropped 0.5 per cent since last De
cember, It was revealed In a Labor
department survey completed in SI
cities. The survey Included food,
clothing, rent, fuel, light' and bouse
furnishing*. Food sbdtsed .'the big
gest decline of all the Jfetfas. It was
down 13.81 In the first six months of
this year. Rents are down 8.1 per '
cent and clothing Is down 4.0 per
cent
Tiny Mammy Fowl
Vernal, Utah.?A strange discovery,
the mummy of a mature person only
33 Inches in height was made la Ruin
canyon recently by Lee Snyder and
E. S. Noe.
? m H 11 It 11 II11 li 111 I n 11
;; Alone for ?6 Years,
Wife Xsives Up Hope ? |
! / Seattle.?The Insurance of a . .
; man who has been missing 26 ; (
! years was sought by Mrs. Mar- - >
; garet M. Otis, wife of Lieut ]
! Frank I. Otis, missing since he - >
'' left New York for San Francis- \
'? '? co in 1905. J ;
Mrs. Otis believes her bus- . ,
? - hand Is deed and seeks his $0,000
! Insurance, with Interest
? 111111 H u 11 iTi 111 H 1111?
How Schliemann Found
His Perfect Helpmeet
fjchllemaan (the sxctvator of Troy)
went to Greece, a middle-aged man,
believing lo the simplicity of his heart
that be would And the manners of
Acadia. Ha was to begin married Ufa I
over again after an unfortunate expo- '
rlenoe in Russia What mora fltting
than a Greek wife? It ts hardly cred
ible, but he asked his old Greek tutor
to find him one. It is not Incredible
that the tutor found one for the
wealthy foreigner among his own re
lations I |
Before they were betrothed he gave I
ber a viva-voce examination, Includ
ing the reciting of passages from Ho
mer by heart She passed I The mar
riage was nearly broken off when the
millionaire asked her why she was
ready to be his wife. She replied: >
"Because my relations have told me
that you are a rich man." And be bad
come to Greece sure of finding slm
pUclty of Spirt. .
let the marriage took place. And
it succeeded. Hme. 8chUemann sur
vived to see ber husband's reputation
established beyond the reach of ridi
cule. She made a perfect helpmeet to
the grown-up boy. His instinct bad
been right la matrimony against all
the probabilities, as It was in arche
ology against aU the antiquarians?
London Saturday Review.
Few Corpulent Bed Men
in Life or Literature
Doctors say that the man of middle
age and beyond who Is underweight
has a better chance to live out the
year than the man who has too mnch
poundage. Doctors look askance at
the individual of large girth and ex
cess weight Ills days are likely to
be fewer In number than are those of
the skinny man with a natural aite
for a belt
A medical officer at a Japanese'
prison has been studying the physical i
aspects of his charges and he gives;
his approval to -fat men. They are
not lawbreakers or if they are they
avoid the expected results of a law
leas life. They do not go to prison.
Wllkie Collins apparently did not
know that fat men are not criminals,
for he made tha villain of his "Wom
an In White" a fat scoundrel. He Is;
the only fal villain In literature so far!
as tile records go. On the theory that
there are exceptions to all rules this
fat villain can be accepted In spite;
of the Japanese medico who eater's
thst the plnguidinous lawbreaker ts
rare.?Mlsrol (Fla.) Herald.
1 ?
Metallurgy CklgM
Since the discovery <>( railinm by
Professor and lime. Curie lo 1808.
the enormous Importance of this and
Otyer metals which behave In s sim
ilar way has been more and more
strongly realized. Radium, thorlnm.
ttranlum, and one or two other metals;
have extraordinary properties. They
are never at rest, but are always fling
ing off |tarts of themselves and chang
ing as they do so Into something else.
In the course of millions of years
radium, by far the rarest and the
most valuable of metals, turns Into
lead, one of the commonest and
cheapest.
Osmium Ussfisst -EQsmeat
The element, osjuKira la th? heaviest
substance known. Its specific gravity,
compared With water, Is 22.5. Irridium,
with a specific gravity of 22.42, comes
second: platinum. 21.37. third, and
gold, "10.38, fonrth. Specific gravity Is
'relative density, that Is, the ratio of
the weight of any volnme of a sub
stance used as a unit or standard. Air
Is generally used as the standard for
gases, anil water for solids and liquids.
When we say that the specific gravity
of osmium Is 22.5 we mean that os
mium bulk for bulk Is 2221 times heav
ier than water.?Pafhflnder Magazine.
Religious Unbelief
Infidel Is a term given to dlabellev
era In religion by those who do be
lieve, rather than by themselves. An
Infidel Is ?ne who does not believe lo
religion, or often. In the particular
religion of i:< c ?'< ..1 hliti. An athe
ist is one c :ot d'-nies i|>,- existence
Of 1 Col: wV.e an . ... ...?? Is otic'
who pi of <-? ig.Mi'utice as to whether
or not there may be a Ood, a future
existemv. etc., and who often holds,
that man cannot possibly prove the
matter either way. The Inventor of
the term agnostic was Thomas Hux
ley.?Cleveland Plain Dealer.
Divisional Una
The Continental divide of North
America consists of s continuous line
extending north and south frmn the
Arctic seas to the boundary between
Panama and Colombia. In the United
States It follows as a role, but not'
always, the most elevated portions of
the Rocky mountains. Water failing:
east of tMs line flows Into the Pacific.
The term "Great Divider Is a popster
one, but rattier Indefinite In meaning,
end applies to a vast region In Mon
tana, Idaho, Wyoming and Colorado
traversed by the Continental divide.
???_ ?
Moaetoa Tidal Bora
The ftspst thlal bore, near Mono-1
ton, N,B? la the Inward rush of waters i
up the I'etltcodiac river of New
Brunswick from the bey of i'undy.j
which nas one of the highest tides In
the world. The wuters ctiler the
estuary of the I'etltcodiac In the form!
of e bore, or tidal wave, from four to
six feet high. The difference between
extreme high and extreme low tide
?t Monet on la 30 feat.
- imwK5a5SBS333HH^^M
LOW BIRTH RAT*~v3^M
alarms BRrrlfljH
Only Swedm Hu Fww'H
font* P?y Capita.
London.?Great Britain now laMnBg^l
lowaat tat one,birth ml) allmMmMM
try in -the-wart*' I ta
is Sweden?apd economist*
what atavad over tta
till, forecasts. ? -i.Uu /?
The cenana, taken tbroaghetaOragMfBfl
Britain, rereala that there kaa
an almoet unbroken tan tt tha-WjtafflJSJ
rate during the laat-tea jeaaa
haa been-reduced eo-ths lasal d< *t$ Vm
per thonaand population. .adMhuf|gijp|
mora than half.lew ttaa ia lflOOsgd ffljE
only about two-thirds of that raeac? ./|pl
ed in prewar years. " if
8. P. Vivian, the regtatmr-geaytat '?5.- ",
in hit report warna: "Though faith* ia*
slight Increments In the total pepafP' ? :jj
tlon may be espetled Jul lag the a sag '
two deeadea owing to ti()Uh aglk ? g
ing bnt not quite exhausted ispjaaa
ttam Imparted by the higher -Mrth ?
rates of the. past, these [can be as
doubt that, falling a conslterable flag
of which theraj* MMttp. at prsaial
?the population msTtmnm win ttag / 3
be reached and *111 be foOowwl lg -
its tarn by a small bat ini inslgg
decline." - 5
Vivian adds -that at-Ha in 1 ai 1 lags
the birth rate ie taeoSUteat a* ssM
a stationary pnpglatian ia the fMgg
The report points eat that, in epttg
of tbs tact that marriage rates have
been well eselntalned. perticalarly at ?
the younger ages at which the talk
of births occur, and of the fsslhas
tact that the exceptional puatwag
spurt in the 'birth rate itself hag
passed its mazisram at the iiglaniag '
of the last period of tea years, tha
total blrtha registered betweea 1921
1881 are ssorc than a million and a
quarter fewer than they wen la tha
preceding period?a period which
covered the war years, when thehdktb
rate rank to levels never before re
corded in this country.
The births were betweea tmM
and 2^00.000 fewer than those af ihe
last completely normal tea yeas*
from 1901 to 1911.
Daguerreotype b Only
Picture of Betagr Rata
Evansville. Ind.?A dim lisganiee
type, beliered to be tha ottly ntgrig
original likeness of Betsy Rosa, anker
of the first American flag, is lis sag kg
Capt John Veatch. who lives hare. The
Veatch family claims to be directly de
scended from Betsy Ross.
Vcsich explained that the dag am en
type, about 100 years aid. was mads
by D. A Boas, a relative whs lived h
Cincinnati, while Belay was vMHgg
aear there. It was first la the posse
sion of Abigail Ross, a cousin of Betsy.
She. with her husband, rasas to a
farm near Mount Vernon, Ind, and la
ter to Evansville. When she died tha
relic passed to her daughter sad then
to its present owner. ,
Miss Charlotte Veatch. ftgih
Veatch*! youngest daughter. Lipula
to fall heir to the dagaetreotype
Majestic Swans Apia
Nesting in Ye?krwstooa
Yellowstone Park.?The ?gjnai'?(*
of eight pair* of trumpeter swans was
reported in Yellowstone National park
during the month of May, wMeh la
their nesting period. Cutset nHiilkl
hall this as good new*, for thane mn
, Jestle birds are one of the igtcltl
which are facing extlnctios eader
changing conditions and the TaUom
stone Is one of the points where it
Is hoped to cheek the apparently eb
bing tide.
Unless the few remaining trumpeter
swans'in existence can nest and rear
their young safely, the apodaa win
soon >>la lite rindo and the passenger
pigeon
Ex-S!- . i, Daalawd Dead
at 5, Is Nearing 100
Ktuiuiloii. Va.?"Aunt Annie" John
son, former slave, who. When a Child
and following a serious illness, wan
given np for dead and placed In a
coffin for bnrial. Is aaariag bar on*
hundredth birthday anniversary at her
home at nearby Waynesboro.
Pronounced dead at the age of fiva
years, a member of her family noticed
her t>ody move as she lay la bar coffin
and she was nursed back to health.
The ancient colored woman, who wll
pass the century mark December 1. Is
still active and a familiar figure about
the streets of Waynesboro.
Negress Hail Carrier
Marietta. Ohio.?Helen Gibson Is be
lieved to be the only negro wouiaa
mall carrier In the government service.
She was awarded the contract for a
star mall route between Marietta and
Ostler. Ohio, after NmtffiffiWMIBffimm
asant officials found her bondsman sat
, ((factory.
i ??
"Baby Girl" la a Nun
When Latter Arriwee *! |
I ' | Augusta, Maine.?Mrs. John < ,
' ' I .iKlnmine recently received a ;
1 l< iter from Iter sister. Mrs. Trad > >
; ; Pot ler of Fairfield. 22 miles ; ;
! front here. The letter unnopneed ' >
the birth of a daughter. Inves- ! '
9 tlgulioti revealed that the letter j
I was mailed 20 years ago. !
?V The "hoby girt" Is now a nun
X In the Jitchman convent.