The Alamance Gleaner
? ? - <-IUHAM^ IS7Cm THURSDAY SEPTF.MRFR ?; iqqc
??? ? ' NO. 3J.
Nationalism Creates European Crisis ,
Above: Here are four figures who will have plenty to do with maintaining world peace. Left to right: Haille
Selassie, Ethiopia; Pierre Laval, France; Anthony Eden, Great Britain, and Benito Mussolini, Italy. Below: A light
artillery unit in Germany's new conscription army, during manuevers.
By WILLIAM C. UTLEY
RADIO, flying, moving pictures,
telephone, fast steamships,
swift railroads and all those
other marvels of our present
age have made the entire world as
small as was eastern Europe say 150
years ago. But human nature has
changed little, and since pride In his
country Is still one of the most out
standing aspects of man's nature, the
nationalism of Individual nations still
maintains the high pitch which ob
tained to It a century and a half ago.
But where 150 years ago travel and
communication were so slow that the
nationalism of Individual countries
Irritated only that of countries whose
borders coincided with their own, to
day we find an entire world beset by
feara of great wars, and nations arm
lug frantically against one another.
Behind the present tension Is the
struggle of one of the most proud of
nations to regain Its pride through
armament to the level of the other
European nations with which It was
once on a par.
Following the failure of the Paris
peace conference and the rejection of
the League of Nations by the United
States, France was forced to the al
ternative of forming an alliance with
the Little Entente and Poland to keep
Germany cowed Into submission to the
terms of the Versailles treaty. The
Washington treaty was supposed to
bring peace and armament understand
ing In the Pacific and the Far EasL
Now Germany, as It Inevitably must,
has recovered enough strength to de
clare for herself how much arms she
needs for protection, has junked the
Versailles treaty and Is rapidly arm
ing- Japan has violated the 5:5:3
naval ratios and has Invaded China.
There is universal armament and the
world talks of war.
Two Alternative.
Europe seems to be torn between a
return to a military alliance between
France, Russia, Italy and Great Brit
ain to keep Germany in line, or a
three-power "Locarno" treaty between
Germany, France and Great Britain,
ensuring that peace shall be main
tained through the League of Nations,
or some modification of the league.
The first alliance wouid simply re
create the situation which brought
about the World war, except that
Japan, fearing Russia, would be more
likely to line up with Germany than
the "Allies." The second agreement
would leave Germany, considerably re
armed, with eastern Europe before
her, and would in all probability lead
to a war between Germany and Soviet
Russia.
Into the already tense situation has
suddenly been thrown the Italian In
vasion of Ethiopia. In the old days
this would have been countenanced
aimply as a bit of colonizing, and
everybody was doing it. But today It
18 generally regarded as out and out
aggression, and therefore In violation
both the covenant of the league
(since Italy has refused to submit her
arbitration) and the Kellogg
If France, Great Britain and
^her member nations refuse to close
Suez canal or otherwise save Ethl
?hit from the Italians It will be not
because they cannot, bat because they
will not
The League of Nations was of course <
onned to preserve. In large measure. <
** political state of Europe In 1919.
The result was Inevitable. The na
tions which were satisfied by this ar
rangement have become the chief sup
porters of the league. Those which
benefited from the agreements of 1919
have formed coalitions both Inside and
outside the league, forcing those which
did not to act more or less on their
own. Germany has already withdrawn
from the league, and Italy threatens to
If the league interferes with her Afri
can policy?although It must be ad
mitted that Italy certainly gained
more than she lost, if indeed she lost
anything by the 1919 pacts.
The league has, even so, been of
more benefit in Europe than elsewhere.
It handled the Saar plebiscite with
admitted efficiency. It handled the
Balkan case in a satisfactory way.
It has otherwise fostered the peace
of Europe. Its chief value, perhaps,
has been as a safety valve.
Fear Characterise* French.
As to the attitude of the principal
league powers on the continent, that
of France Is still created by the Ger
man problem which overshadows
everything else.
The French press and the French
foreign office has educated the people
to the fact that the Reich Is standing
today on the threshold of complete
bankruptcy, financial and economic.
The reason for this is that tha-wheels
of German industry which have been
humming so loudly for years, have
been humming in the manufacture of
arms and not of goods to be sold. The
time cannot be put oft much longer,
says the French government to its
people, when Germany will be faced'
with doing one of two things: Using
these gigantic war supplies in an ag
gressive war, or giving up to a com
plete collapse which will mean good
by to national socialism. There can
be no doubt about what the Nazi
choice will be, says France.
Efforts of the Reich to form a peace
pact with France have fallen down,
and France has entered Into a pact
with Russia, a step aimed only at Ger
many. There is little likelihood that
this agreement will cause any great
stress In international relations for
the simple reason that it Is everywhere
recognized as a negative agreement,
which France entered into only to
keep Germany from being first to ally
herself with Russia.
A similar alliance has been entered
into with Poland and the three coun
tries of the Little Entente?Czechoslo
vakia, Rumania and Yugoslavia.
Fear has been the theme of the en
tire French foreign policy. After
Pierre Laval's visit to Rome In Jan
uary, it Is believed that even the pres
ent Italo-Ethiopian situation arose out
of French fear, for it is hardly pos
sible that Mussolini would have em
barked on so aggressive and obnoxious
a venture unless he were reasonably
certain of French assent.
Italy set on war.
More than anything else. France
realizes that alignment with Great
Britain Is necessary to protect her
against Germany and she is therefore
unlikely to do anything which wlii
seriously disturb Franco-British rela
tions.
Italy seems to be the only nation
who has her heart set upon war?and
that is not a European war. She has
only one Idea In mind?the conquest
of Ethiopia, and probably nothing can
present the war In Africa.
Since the failure of Mussolini's
Four-Power pact, which was designed
to make the four great European na
tions?France, Great Britain, Germany
and Italy?agree to force the others
to maintain the peace in Europe, Italy j
has minimized in its press every act
of the league. She has shown her 111
humor with the league by militarizing
consistently and completely over the
past few years.
Italy's single purpose today Is ter
ritorial expansion through a protec
torate over Ethiopia, for she must
have more room for her people. With
respect to European affairs, she will
fight to maintain the status quo. She
would like, of course, to reach some
sort of agreement with Germany, be
cause the African campaign, when and
If it starts in earnest, will weaken
Italy on the north.
Italy will continue to attempt friend
ly relations with the Little Entente,
with Yugoslavia in particular. The
only real uncertainty in her foreign
relations is Austria, for Germany may
attempt a revival of the "Anschluss."
Through all this It may be seen that
Italy's policy is maintenance of the
status quo, with plenty of military
power in reserve should that policy
fall
Germany Want* No War.
As far as Germany Is concerned, a
war seems to be out of the question, i
at least for the present. It would be I
too heavy In cost to a nation which Is
Just beginning a program of conscrlp- I
tion and of building up military re- j
serves. Germany has honestly sought j
an understanding with Trance and hon- I
estly desires one. She views France ]
with concern only because of the
Franco-Kussian pacts and the Franco
Polish pacts.
German relations with Soviet Rus
sia leave much to be desired, Hitler
having made peace offerings to every j
important European nation except Rus- t
sia. Nazi dislike for Bolshevism may |
appear to be a reason on the surface, 1
but more probable is the competition
for Influence in the Baltic states. Ger- |
many Is set upon building a navy to
operate In the Baltic sea, so It may j
be seen that she is not to be left hold- I
ing the bag in affairs of eastern Eu- ,
rope.
Germany and Poland have their ten- :
year pact signed In 11134, aimed prln- j
cipally at Russia. Hitler Is not going ' j
to forget about his interests In Aus
tria; more of this, as has been said |
before, may be heard when Italian
strength on the northern frontier Is
weakened by the expedition into Ethi
opia. At any rate, Germany is likely
to be the last nation in Europe to
enter a war, In the opinion of students
of International affairs.
Russia, who has been steadily arm
ing for several years, until today she
possesses one of the greatest of all
military machines, is definitely for the
status quo. Her vast land has mora |
than enough natural resources for Its
people. She is building a new nation,
In a way of speaking, and a war
would seriously upset her schedule.
For this reason, Russia has been one
of the leaders lo efforts for collective
security In Europe. But sbe has not
hidden her belief that it ia Germany
who will topple the equilibrium of Eu
rope since the war and that the Italian
movementa In Africa will affect the ,
situation. j
e Vatin Mvetwr Ualae. r'
Japanese Children Learn About Farm Labor
1
JAPANESE youngsters, spending tbelr
" summer vacation on (arms In Shlzu
oka prefecture, furnish their own motive
power as they haul wheat from the fields
beneath a blistering sun. The children
are sent to the farms annually In keep
ing with a movement that was inaugu
rated a few years ago to school the chil
dren In the rudiments of farming. These
youngsters apparently are making light
of their labors.
Bedtime Story for Children
By THORNTON W. BURGESS
SAMMY JAY BRINGS
LIGHTFOOT WORD
SAMMY Jay Is one of those who be
lleve In the wisdom of the old say
ing, "Early to bed and early to rise."
Sammy needs no alarm clock to get
him up early In the morning. Be Is
awake as soon as It Is light enough to
see and wastes no time wishing be
could sleep a little longer. His
stomach wouldn't let him If he wanted
to. Sammy always wakes up hungry.
"He's Coming!" Cried Sammy.
In this be Is no different from all his
feathered neighbors.
So the minute Sammy gets bis eyes
open he makes bis toilet, for Sammy
Is very neat, and starts out to bunt
for bis breakfist. Long ago Sammy
discorered that there Is no safer time
of day to visit the dooryards of those
two-legged creatures called men, than
very early In th? morning. On this
particular morning he had planned to
fly over to Farmer Brown's door
yard, but at the last minute he changed
his mind. Instead he flew over to the
dooryard of another farm. It was so
very early In the morning that Sammy
didn't expect to find anybody stirring
so you can guess how surprised be
was when just as be came In sight of
that dooryard he saw the door of the
farm house open and a man step out
Sammy stopped In the top of the
nearest tree. "Now what Is that man
doing up as early as this?" muttered
Sammy. Then be caught sight of
something under the man's arm. Be
didn't bare to look twice to know j
what It was. It was a gun. Yes, sir.
It was a gun; a terrible gun.
"Ha!" exclaimed Sammy, and quite
forgot that his stomach was empty.
"Now, who can that fellow be after
so early In the morning? 1 wonder
If be Is going over to the Big Kiver
after Mr. and Mrs. Quack, or If he Is
going to the dear Old Brier-patch to
look for Peter Rabbit, or If be Is going
to the Old Pasture In search of Reddy
Fox, or If It Is Mr. and Mrs. Grouse he
hopes to kill I think I'll sit right
here and watch."
So Sammy sat In the top of the
tree and watched the hunter with the
terrible gun. He saw him head straight
for the Green Forest "It's Mr. and
Mrs. Grouse after all, I guess,"
thought Sammy. "If I knew lust
where they were Til go over and warn
them."
But Sammy didn't know just where
they were and he knew that It might
take him a long time to find them so
he once more began to think of break
fast; and then, right then, another
thought popped into his head. He
thought of Lightfoot the Deer.
Sammy watched the hunter enter
the Green Forest, then silently fol
lowed him. From the way the hunter
moved Sammy decided that he wasn't
thinking of Mr. and Mrs. Grouse. "It's
Lightfoot the Deer, sure as I live!"
muttered Sammy. "He ought to be
warned. He certainly ought to be
warned. I know right where he 1*.
I believe I'll warn him myself."
Sammy found Lightfoot right where
he had expected to. "He's coming!"
cried Sammy. "A hunter with a terri
ble gun Is coming!"
c T. W. Burgess.?WN"U Service.
^YOli Know?!
i i
That the first clock wai the
clepsydra or water-clock, in
troduced at Rome about 158
B. C, by Scipio Nasica? The
earliest complete clock of
* which there is certain record,
was made by a Saracen me
chanic in the Thirteenth cen
tury.
C McClort N?wrp?p*r Syndic*t?.
WNU SArricA.
Question box i
b, ED WYNN, The Perfect Fool | j
Dear Mr. Wynn:
A friend of mine always tells me he
can't afford to run an automobile. Yet
I know he owns one. What do you
make of that?
Truly yours,
P. ANNO.
Answer: That's why he knows he
can't afford to run one.
Dear Mr. Wynn:
What does It mean when It Is said
a man Is In the "cream" of society?
Sincerely.
N. V. DSS.
Answer: That simply means he Is
thick.
Dear Mr. Wynn:
My husband's birthday Is October 31.
He Is a lovely man and really de
serves a very nice present from me,
but I don't know what to get him. He
doesn't gamble, he won't smoke, he
doesn't drink nor does he go out
nights. What could I get for a man
like that?
Truly yours,
I. M. BOSS.
Answer: Why, that shouldn't be
hard to decide. Get him some fancy
work.
Dear M* Wynn:
I stopped to look In the window of
a drug store today and I saw the
window filled with red rubber gloves.
I suppose you'll think I'm dumb, but
I Just must ask you. "What In the
world are rubber gloves used for?"
Yours truly,
JIMMY NEEWISKERS.
Answer: Rubber gloves, my boy, are
worn by people who want to wash
PfptiSgjl^Book
DISHES BY FAMOUS COOKS
AS MACARONI, spaghetti aad noo
dles are all such popular foods
and take the place In a meal of other
starchy foods such as potatoes, we en
joy a few new ways of preparing such
dishes.
Rector's Spaghetti and Chicken Salad.
Take one-balf pound of elbow spa
ghetti, two cupfuls of diced chicken,
one cupful of chopped celery, one ta
blespoonful of onion, one teaspoonful
of salt, one-half cupful of mayonnaise,
two tablespoonfuls of chopped green
pepper, one tahlespoonful of plmlento
or minced red pepper, one table
spoonful of capers, lettuce or wa
tercress. Cook the spaghetti until
tender. Drain and chill. Add the re- '
mainlng Ingredients and mix lightly.
Serve on lettuce or cress with golden j
rod sauce, which Is made by rubbing
several hard cooked eggs through a
sieve. Salmon or tuna may be used
In place of chicken.
8chneidsr's Dcutachlandar Noodles.
Cook Ave ounces of egg noodles un
til tender, prepare a cream sauce with
two tablespoonfuls each of butter and
flour, one cupful of milk. Add one egg
and one-half pound of dried beef, cook
slowly for twenty minutes, or bake for
thirty minutes. Serve with nudel sauce,
which Is made by adding grated Italian
cheese to chopped green peppers and
blending well. This recipe may be used
with macaroni or spaghetti.
? Western Hewspnper Union.
Grandmother's Recipe
for Bread
By ANNE CAMPBELL
THERE Id a book where It bad loos'
been spread,
I found Grandmother'! recipe for.
bread,
Written by her dear band, and placed
inside
A cook-book long ago, for me, a bride,
I had not tried It for a dozen years.
And gazed upon it now with falling
tears.
For I could see her gllrer bead once
more.
Bent to a little child beside her door.
I smelled the home-made bread she
baked for me,
And churned for Grandmother in
memory.
The buttery door stood open, for no
bar
Kept me from Grandmother's tall
cooky jar.
The curtains blew in the October air.
Her bird sang, telling me the world
was fair.
The carpets made of rags, the tidies'
fold
Upon the Morris chair, like her, grown
old.
Are memories of precious years, long
sped.
Caught In recipe for making bread.
Copyright.?WXU Sorrleo.
For the Class Room
Dark brown soutache Is used effec
tively to trim this two-piece dress of
brown and white shepherd check wool
en, which is designed for classroom
wear. The skirt is pleated all around.
The velvet ascot scarf, leather belt and
buttons are dark brown.
their bands without getting them wet.
Dear Mr. Wynn:
1 advertised in the papers for *
servant and today my ad was answered
by a man who said be Just left your
employment. In answering my ques
tion about why he left you, he said that
he absolutely left you without any aa
gry words. Is this true?
Sincerely.
I. X. GAGEDHIhL
Answer: It Is true. I was In tba
bath and he Just locked the door,
packed bis things and went away as
quiet as possible.
c AMOcikttd Neurit|||Mk
WN'U a?rv ic?.
They Believe in
Being Prepared
CW. ROLLI.VSON, left, tod bl* broi
? of Oklahoma, bellevejn prepared ne
their owd codlna. The caaketa are all
eelre the owner* In floe atjle at the prt
? i
ther, J. W. Rolllnaon, thrifty resident*
as, *o they hare ballt, at (mail eipenae.
ready, even to the aatln ptllowa, to r*>
>per tine.