The Alamance gleaner
V
VOL. LXI. GRAHAM, IS, C., THURSDAY DECEMBER 26, 1935. NO. 47.
North" China Moveslv.r "Autonomy" II
This scene at Tientsin in 1932 is being re-enacted as Japanese troops are being massed in North China, where it
is expected they will be used to enforce the declaration of "autonomous" governments in five provinces. Armored
trains, such as the one shown at left above, have carried the troops inland. In the insets are Gen. Ho Ying-chin i
(left), forced to vacate Peiping, and Gen. Chiang Kai-shek, the Chinese dictator.
By WILLIAM C. UTLEY
TWENTY-FIVE counties of the
province of Hope!, in North
China, on November 25 declared
themselves divorced from the
central Chinese government at Nan
kins, and set up an autonomous, or
independent, government under the
leadership of Yin Ju-keng, commission
er of the demilitarized zone. The 25
counties aggregate approximately 8,G00
square miles and are inhabited by 5,
000.000 people.
The Yin Ju-keng government, it is
believed, will prove to be the first
effective culmination of an "autonomy"
movement that may gather under its
wing the five provinces of North China,
namely Hopei, Chahar, Suiyan, Shansi
and Shantung. Such autonomy for
these provinces would mean the com
plete failure of the Chiang Kai-shek
dictatorship north of the Yellow river.
More than that, it would probably
mean the spread of the rapidly ex
panding Japanese empire farther into
the Asiatic continent until Japanese*
control on the continent would he ex
tended over an area approximating
China itself In size. North China would
become little more than another Man
chukuo.
To the average observer and cer
tainly to the Nanking government the
"autonomy" movement is purely a Jap
anese project. Yin Ju-keng is famed for
his willingness to "co-operate" with
Japanese military leaders. IIis wife
Is a Japanese.
Japanese army officials have been '
reported to have been fostering the J
autonomy movement secretly for many
months. Only In the past few weeks
MaJ.-Gen. Kenji Doihara, of the Jap
anese army intelligence corps, and
famed as the "empire builder" of the
"land of the rising sun" has arrived on
the scene and has openly worked for
the secession and autonomy of the five
provinces. It is certain that he will
not he satisfied with a victory only |
in a few counties of one province. And
the Japanese army has hacked him up I
to the extent of warning Gen. Chiang
Kai-shek not to interfere.
Quirks of Japanese Politics.
It is, of course, true that Tokyo has j
hinted that Doihara Is overstepping
his authority, and that Japanese troops i
have been mobilized lately in these ?
provinces only to protect communica- I
tions and maintain order in the face of
any civil outbreaks or communistic
uprisings. However, it is customary
I?r the military faction in Japanese
politics to assume the aggressive, with
the rather mild objections of the civil- j
Ian government as something of a bluff j
tr> appease the Injury felt by foreign j
nations who have interests in areas .
where the Japanese empire is ? i
panding. I
It is known that in Peiping and Tien- |
tsln autonomy demonstrations have j
heen instigated by the Japanese. One
the most spectacular demonstrations
In the latter city, and was staged
hy 300 members of the famed Chinese
"Dare-to-Die" army, many of them
wearing new uniforms closely resem
bling those of the Japanese army. They
left thtrir uniforms in their headquar
ters in a lecture hall afterwards?fcr
the Japanese soldiers to collect. Ob
occasions handbills exhorting the pop
ulace to revolt In favor of an auton
omous government have floated to earth
under the roar of airplanes?which
could only have been Japanese. Jap
anese soldiers have constantly moved
inland, even through the Great \yill of
China, to make sure that no railroad
cars will be allowed to pass to the
south where they might be loaded with
troops of the Nanking government and
returned. Nipponese army officials have
confiscated Chinese school books and
removed from them passages which
might be construed as anti-Japanese.
And these, same officials have repeat
edly been accused of hiring profes
sional Chinese agitators (at 40 to CO
cents a day) to stir up trouble.
I The Japanese claim is that the auton
omous movement i.i a natural one en
! tirely founded and furthered by the
Chinese ifi the provinces involved.
I They point out that the Nanking rule
I drains these already poverty-stricken
j people by excessive taxes, and at the
I same time gives them little or no bene
I fit. But the Chinese people in the ter
j ritory literally do not know what it Is
I all about. They are confused, bewil
y dered. Like Chinese everywhere, they
j have no interest in politics. That, fn-t
j deed, has been the chief stumbling
block in the path of Gen Chiang-Kai
I slick's attempt to unify China under
one government. To the educated Chi
nese, an "autonomy" movement Is a
joke.
Yet Nanking's hands are tied. While
there are not enough Japanese troops
in North China today to enforce the
rule of Japan's army chiefs. Nanking
knows that troops could?and would?
he speedily dispatched from Corea or
Japan Itself to meet any emergencies.
Accordingly, at a nod from Japanese
officials in Tientsin or Peiping. Chinese
officials comply. Two outstanding ex
amples of this were the recent retire
ment of the mayor of Peiping. known
to oppose the autonomy movement, and
I the return of Chinese Minister of War
I Ho Ying-ehin from Peiping to Nan
I king, both at the suggestion of Japa
nese officials.
Tokyo Ignores troiesis.
Nanking's protests to Tokyo are lg
nored because of Japan's Insistence
that the autonomy movement is strictly
of Chinese origin. Vet it is known that
j in all of these autonomous govern -
| raents planned, the administrations
j will have to he decidedly pro-Japansese.
That the government of Yin Ju-keng
In ilopei Is to be the model for other
pro-Japanese autonomies to come Is
I apparent from his declaration:
! "From today the demilitarized zone
I will be separated from the central
! government and will institute and
carry out r.n autonomous regime a ; the
first voice of n federation of provinces
I with a view toward maintaining peace
In eastern Asia.
"We. the undersigned, hope that the
people, the public organs and the mili
tary and political leaders of the vari
ous provinces will rise up with us to
suppress the criminals and arch-ene
mies of the nation, to draft a consti
tution. and choose wise and able men
for the administration of the country."
This Is directly in line with the pro-^
gram desired for the five North China
provinces by Doihara, the "empire
builder." And only ? few days after
the proclamation. Gen. Sung Cheh
yuan, commissioner of the Chinese gar
rison at Peiping-Tientsin. upon whom
Doihara is known to have exerted ex
treme pressure, circulated a telegram
proclaiming the Intention of Hopei and
Chahar provinces to form an autono
mous state.
What Japan Wants.
What does all this "autonomy" busi
ness mean for Japan, for North China
and for the rest of the world? For
Japan it means political economic and
Industrial control of another great
slice of territory that once-belonged
to China. There is much cotton in
Hope! and opportunity for planting
more, to take the place of the cotton
that Japan must now Import from the
United States and from India. There is
iron ore and coal, vastly important in
building the naval parity which Japan
is demanding from Great Britain and
the United States, although not Enough
iron and coal, according to research
scientists, to warrant the expense and
the responsibility of complete Japanese I
conquest and government of North
China.
Such a complete subjection would
undoubtedly be ruinous to Japan, al
ready financially lnirdened as she is.
Much better to allow these North China
provinces to govern themselves, under
the "protecting" wing of the Japanese
army of occupation, with free trade
privileges for Tokyo.
Great isntain. tne unirea states ana
other powers would be far more seri
ously hurt commercially by the estab
lishment of a "Manchukno of North
China" than they were by the estab
lishment of the present Manchukuan
rule itself, for their commercial inter
ests In North China are much greater.
As a result. Secretary of State Hull
and Sir Samuel Hoare, British minis
ter of foreign affairs, simultaneously
demanded Japanese explanation of
apparent violations of the Nine-Power
treaty which guarantees the territorial
Integrity of China. This treaty, s'gned
by the nine leading powers of the
world, with the exception of Russia, at
the Washington conference of 1922,
was formed as the organic Interna
tional law to apply to all future con
troversies in the Far East. All of the
signatories are bound to respect not
only the sovereignty and territorial
integrity of China, but the administra
tive Integrity as well. Secretary Hull
claims that this provision Is directly
involved at the present time because
"an efTort is being made to bring about
a substantial change in the political
status and condition of several of
China's northern provinces."
Other provisions of the treaty bind
the signatories not to support any
agreements designed to create "spheres
of influence" for their nationals. And
still another requires them not to seek
"any arrangement which might pur
port to establish In favor of their in
terests any general superiority of
rights with respect to commercial or
economic development of any desig
nated region of China.**
Claim Treaty Was Misnomer.
Japan's claim Is that such a thins a*
the territorial and administrative In
tejrrity of China never existed.
Meanwhile, the course of the Jap
anese empire becomes clearer and
| clearer. Pescadores and Formosa In
1805; Port Arthur In 185#; Rtraftih
In 1005; Corea in 1010: mandates over
the Pacific Islands north of the equator
In 1020; the puppet state of Manrhti
kuo"V} 1032; Jehol added to It in 1033
?Are the next to he the puppet state*
of Hopel. Chahar, Suiyuan, Shan*i and
Shantuns?
C Western Newspaper Union.
France Is Again Closing Her "Iron Gates"
INDICATIVE of the state of unrest In
Europe Is the fact that France has re
established Longwy, a border town that
made history in the World war, as a gar
rison town. The 'troops are seen march
ing through the city gate to take up the
watch on the eastern frontier.
But he couldn't. They allowed him
no rest. He was becoming very, very
tired. He could no longer bound light
ly over fallen logs or brush as he had
done at first. His lungs ached as he
panted for breath. He realized that
even though she should escape the
hunters. It would be to meet an even
more terrible death unless he could
get rid of those hounds. There would
come a time when he would have to
stop. Then those hounds wonld
catch up with him and tear him to
pieces.
It was then that he remembered the
Big River. He turned toward It. It
was his only chance, and he knew It
Straight through the Greeg Forest, out
across the Green Meadows to the bank
of the Big River Llghtfoot ran. Fob
Just a second he paused to look be
hind. The hounds were almost at his
heels. Llghtfoot hesitated no longer,
but plunged Into the Big River and
began to swim. On the bank the
hounds stopped and bayed their disap
pointment, for they did not dare take
the Chance to follow Llghtfoot out
I Into the Big River.
? T. W. Burgess.?WND Service.
~
BEDTIME STORY FOR CHILDREN
By THORNTON W. BURGESS
HOW LIGHTFOOT GOT RID OF
THE HOUNDS
DOOR LIGHTFOOT! It seemed to
* him that there were no such things
as justice and fair play. It was bad
enough to have hunters searching the
Green Forest for him, watching at the
places where he was accustomed to
drink, searching every hiding place.
Had it been just' one hunter at a time
against whom he had to match his
wits It would not have been so bad,
On the Bank the Hounde Stopped and
Bayed Their Disappointment.
,bnt there were many hunters with ter
rible guns looking for him, and In
dodging one he was likely at any time
to meet another. This In Itself seemed
terribly unfair and unjust. But now,
added to this was the greater'unfair
ness of being trailed by hounds.
Do you wonder that Llghtfoot
thought of men as utterly heartless?
You see, he could not know that those
hounds bad not been put on his trail,
but had left home to hunt for their
own pleasure. He could not know that
It was against the law to hunt deer
with dogs. But though none of those
hunters looking for him was guilty of
having put the hounds on his trail,
each one of them was willing and
eager to take advantage of the fact
that the hounds were on his trail. Al
ready he had heen shot at once, and he
krifcw that he would be shot at again
if he should be driven where a hunter
was hidden.
The ground was damp, and scent
always lies best on damp ground. This
made it easy for the hounds to follow
him with their wonderful noses. Light
foot tried every trick he could think
of to make those hounds Ipse the
scent
"If only I could make them lose It
long enough for me to get a llttfe rest
it would help," panted Lightfoot as he
paused for Just an instant to listen to
? the baying of the hounds.
To Match the Car
This chic ne,w starts hat for winter |
Is made of automobile npho' ery fab
ric. Influenced hv the n'f - n-!ve Inte
riors of the IftW mode's, r <? desfjrner
selected taupe mo'i.Vr v ivet with the
new "breathl ,g hark that makes It
soft and easy to tailor so milady now
may hare a hat to match her car If she
chooses.
/
* MOTHER'S ?
COOK BOOK
3
Codfish Balls.
4 or 5 medium-sized potatoes
j 1 cup picked salt cod or
\ H cup prepared salt cod
1 tablespoou butter
Pepper
1 egg or 2 egg yolks
Pare and slice potatoes and cook
with picked cod In boiling water until
potatoes are tender. Drain/ masb and
I beat until smooth. Add butter, per
f per and egg. Drop by tablespoons Into
very hot fat. 300 degrees F., and cook
until light brown. Drain on soft pv
per. If mixture Is too soft to hold to
gether a tablespoon of flour may be
added. The ? finished cakes, however,
should be Irregular in shape. If cro
quettes of regular shape are desired,
add the flour, shape and dip In floor
before frying. Garnish with bacon
fried in deep fat and with sliced
lemon.
Scalloped Oyatera.
1 pint oysters
14 cup oyster liquor
2 tablespoons milk
1 cup dried bread crumbs
1 cup rolled cracker crumbs
14 cup melled buter
Salt
Pepper
Mix cracker and bread crumbs with
the milk. Put a thin layer In the bot
L
TODAY DECIDE
j
By DOUGLAS MALLOCH
THE man you meet upon the street
Today was yesterday a child,"
Who yesterday was plastic clay,
Cnfashioned yet and undellled.
Then came the old the mind to mould,
The heart to shape for good or 111;
For we may take the child and make
Tomorrow's man the thing we will.
The woman who Is known to yon
Today was yesterday a maid
To take, refuse, as we may choose.
Then genuine, the masquerade.
Thetccame to us the moment thus,
To us who surely understood
Life's calm and storm, our task to form
Tomorrow's woman, ill or good.
The chlfd you find with open mind
Todi.y In school, at home, or where,
Is oi:r* to plan?the woman, man,
Tnuiorror Is today's affair.
And we who teach, or pray, or preach,
The teacher, parent, all who guide.
Shall sh*i|>e the will for good or 111?
Totw rrow's life today decide.
Q Douxlaa Malloch. ? WNU Bervlca.
aRY THIS TRICK ?
By TOHJAY HARRAH
Copyright by Public Ladgur, lac.
SUGAR THAT BURNS
WILL sugar burn? The easiest way
to answer the question is to try it.
At the magician's suggestion, people
experiment with matches and lumps of
sugar. They find that sugar will black
en and melt, but? apparently will not
burn.
That is, not until the magician tries
it The moment that he applies a
match to the lump of sugar, a bluish
flame results. The sugar burns stead
ily, the tiny flame eating away a
corner of the lump.
People will puzzle deeply over this,
without learning the secret of the
trick. You can mystify your friends
time and again with this simple ex
periment. But never try the trick ex
cept when cigarette or cigar ashes are
handy.
For you must first dip the corner
of the lump into the ashes. Do this
secretly. Then apply the match. The
presence of the ashes will enable the
flame to take hold. Once started, the
combustion continues.
WNU service.
[ siRUQes' j
"It's sad but true," says typing
Tillie, "but if we don't come back
from that two weeke vacation feeling
half dead we figure we didn't hava a
good time."
C Bell Syndicate.?WNT Service.
torn of a baking dish, cover with Oys
ters, sprinkle with salt and pepper and
add half the milk and oyster liquor.
Kepeat and cover top with remaining
crumbs. Bake thirty minuets In a hot
oven (450 degrees Fahrenheit).
Crouton Soup.
\ cup finely-cut croutons
2 tablespoons butter
3 tablespoons malted milk
3 cups milk
*4 cup cream
Seasoning
Fry croutons In butter until light
brown, add milk and heat Mix malt
ed milk to a paste with cold water
and add. Season to taste and when
ready to serve add cream and sprinkle
with paprika.
Making Sugar From Dahlia Bulbs
PROLIFIC flower gardens of the South may soon provide a new Industry, with
the extraction of sugar, twice as sweet as cane or beet sugar, from dahlia
bulbs. It Is being produced experimentally by Dr. LeRoy S. Weatherby, chemis
try professor In the Cnlverslty of Southern California, who believes It may serve
as another aid In the war against diabetes, as the new sugar Is more easily
oxldizable. The production Is similar to that of beet sugar production, the
dahlia bulbs being sliced, crushed, converted Into starch, then Into syrup, from
which the fine sugar is precipitated. The photograph shows Miss Florence
Shelly, assistant, and Dr. Weatherby inspecting syrup in a retort.