The Alamance gleaner
VOL. LXII.
GRAHAM, N, C., THURSDAY MAY 28, 1936. NO. 17.
V wv \_s
JLMJ ^mneur
By Edward W. Pickard
? Weston Nev'5f>af*r Union
Guffey Coal Act Is
Declared Invalid
SIX members of the Supreme court
of the United States ruled that the
Guffey act to control the bituminous
ccal Industry Is Invalid, and another
of the New Deal ex
periments goes into
the discard. This is
the act which Presi
dent Roosevelt urged
congress to pass not
withstanding doubts
of its constitutionality
"however reasonable."
Five justices ? Suth
erland, Butler, Van
Devanter, McReynolds,
and Roberts ? joined
in the majority opin
Sen. Guffey
Ion which invalidated the whole act.
Justices Cardozo, Brandeis, and Stone
? joined in a dissenting opinion In which
they apheld the act. Chief Justice
Hughes held In a separate opinion that
the act was constitutional with re
spect to the marketing provisions but
unconstitutional with respect to the
labor regulations.
The court In the majority opinion
held that there is no authority In the
Constitution for the control of the coal
Industry attempted In the Guffey act
The act was not valid either under
the commerce clause or the welfare
clause. Power was unlawfully delegated
to set up a coal code similar to the
codes of the invalidated NRA and the
regulations establishing working hours
of miners were a violation of the fifth
amendment prohibiting the taking of
property without due process of law.
Mining, the court declared, is a local
Industry, the state jurisdiction whereof
the federal government has no author
ity to Invade.
Congress provided that If one part
of the act were held unconstitutional
other parts should not be affected. But
the majority declined to accept that
arrangement, ruling that the price fix
ing provisions were inextricably Inter
woven with the labor regulations.
Senator Guffey, author of the act,
declined to comment on the opinion,
but It was said be was preparing a
substitute measure.
John Lewis, prestdut of the Unit
ed Mine Workers, said that "It Is a
sad commentary upon our form of
government when every decision of the
Supreme court seems designed to fat
ten capital and starve and destroy
labor."
Tugwell's Housing Hit
by Court Decision
THE resettlement administration
beaded by Rexford Gay Tugwell
was declared by the District of Co
Icmbla court of appeals to be "clear
ly unconstitutional delegation of pow
er," In a case Involving a model com
rrunltv project In Somerset county,
New Jersey.
Going beyond the Issue before them,
the Justices of the Appeals court
called the entire relief appropriations
act of 1935 into question. The act was
lLvalld ant* hence RA was invalid, ac
cording to the court. Legally, however,
none of the rest of the act will be
affected by the decision because the
other multitudinous activities of the
New Deal under the appropriation
were not before tbe court.
Solicitor Gen. Stanley Reed said an
sppeal would be taken to the Supreme
cocrt at once.
Uncle Sam Stands by
Nine Power Pact
NEWS that Japan was greatly en
larging her force In North China
led the State department In Washing
ton to announce that the position of
the United States Is the same as that
outlined last December by Secretary
Hull affirming Its support of the nine
power pact that guarantees China's ter
* rltorial Integrity. At that time Mr. Hull
said this country bas a binding faltb
in tbe fundamental principles of Its
traditional policy. This government
adheres to the provisions of the
treaties to which It Is a party and
continues to bespeak respect by all na
tions for the provisions of treaties sol
emnly entered Into for the purpose of
facilitating and regulating, to recip
rocal and common advantage.
At the State department It was said
that the reaffirmation of support of tbe
nine power pact does not mean that
the administration will abandon Its pol
icy of declining to take the Initiative
In any attempt to curb Japan for vio
lations of the pact This was at
tempted by Henry L. Stlmson. secre
tary of stnte In the Hoover arimlnls
tiatlon. with the gain of nothing but
Japanese III will.
Japanese military strength In North
China south of the Great Wall Is oow
aald to be fully 15,000 men. There are
about 80,000 more In Manehukuo and
still others In Inaer Mongolia.
War Debts Will Be
Defaulted Again
NEITHER Great Britain nor France
has any Intention of paying tbe
Installments on the American war
debt due June 15. And almost certain
ly all the other debtor nations except
Finland will follow tbe example of tbe
two big ones and again default Brit
ish Foreign Minister Eden talked about
the debts with Leon Blum, who prob
ably will be premier of Frdnce soon,
but there was no Indication that either
one was planning to make a payment.
Blum told the American club in Paris
be hoped the war debt "misunderstand
ing" might be cleared up, but be was
just trying to be pleasant to the people
of both America and France without
spending any money.
Italy Releases Alleged
Leader in King's Killing
DR. ANTON PAVELIC, alleged lead
er of Ustashl, the Croatian ter
rorist organization, and accused as one
of the "master minds" in theassassl nation
Dr. Pavelic
of King Alexander of
Jugoslavia In Mar
seilles, has been set
free by the Italian
authorities. Released
with htm was his lieu
tenant. Eugene Kvater
ntk. The two were ar
rested at Turin in Oc
tober, 1934, soon after
the murder of Alexan
der, but the French au
thorities who were
working on the case
were Dever permit
ted to question them and an Italian
tribunal refused the request of the
French government for their extradi
tion to France for trial.
President of Bolivia Is
Compelled to Resign
JOSE LUIS TEJADA SORZANO was
forced to resign the presidency of
Bolivia by a junta of army officers and
Socialists who staged a bloodless coup
d'etat In La Paz. Col. German Busch.
acting chief of the general army staff,
leader of the coup, will be at the bead
of the government until Col. David
Toro, hero of the war with Paraguay,
returns from the Cbaco, when Toro will
be Installed as president
The Immediate objective of the new
administration was complete settle
ment of a general strike which the offi
cers asserted was Imperiling the coun
try's economic stability. The labor
federation quickly suspended the strike
movement, expressing solidarity with
the army-Socialist coup.
Borah Is Loser in the
Ohio Primaries
SENATOR WILLIAM BORAH banked
heavily on success In the Ohio
Presidential preference primary, but
the Republicans of that state turned
him down decisively
In favor of their "fa
vorite son," Robert A.
Taft, son of the late
President Taft Of the
52 delegates to the
Cleveland convention,
Borah captured only
five, the others, In
cladlng the delegates
at large, being Tift
men. The winning del
egation will be vtr
tually unpledged, be
Senator Borah
cauae It will rota for Taft only oo the
first ballot. Mr. Borab did not take
this defeat calmly. He gave oat a state
ment Id Washington accusing the Re
publican organization leaders of ma
nipulating the votes of colored citizens
against blm by promising tbe psssage
of federal antl-lynchlng legislation
which be has opposed as onconstlta
tlonaL
Ohio Democrats polled a boat 500.000
votes In the primary, nearly 100.U00
mgre than tar Republicans, and they
expressed tbelr preference for Mr.
Roosevelt over Col. Henry Brecken
rldge to tbe tune of 16 to 1. Tbey also
renominated Gov. Martin L. Davey,
who will be opposed by John W. Brick
er, Republican, In November.
About twenty of Pennsylvania's dele
gation to tbe JKeptbUcan convention
were pledged to support the populsr
choice of the state, which tnrned out
to be Mr. Borah, no other uame being
officially entered at the April 28 pri
mary. Tbe delegation, which Is nnln
structed. has now voted that thn??
members must keep their pledge oo the
fi:st ballot or nutll It becomes mani
festly Impossible for their choice to
win. This action was taken on motion
of former Senator David A. Reed.
Former Governor Small
of Illinois Dies
LEN SMALL, twice governor of Illi
nois and prominent In the politics
of the state for nearly forty years, died
suddenly in a Kankakee hospital from
an embolism resulting from an opera
tion. He was seven ty-three years old.
Mr. Small's career was rather stormy.
His enemies were many and bitter, and
he fought them courageously; his
friends were devoted to him, and he
was always loyal to them. In addition
to his eight years as governor, he
served two terms as state treasurer.
Moreover, he was defeated for gov
ernor four times. He sought the Re
publican nomination again In the re
cent primary but was defeated.
Tugwell's Report on
Resettlement Work
RESPONDING to a senate resolu
tion, Rexford Tugwell made a re
port on the activities of the resettle
ment administration of which he is the
head. He showed that
It has 15,804 em
ployees on the admin
istration pay roll and
has been allotted
J275.549.944 to spend.
Of this amount, the
report stated, $98,
347,005 has been spent
and a total of $173,
091,823 obligated, leav
ing $102,458,112 unin
cumbered.
Dp to April 15, ac
R. G. Tugwell
cording to the report, the resettlement
administration bad taken options on
9,670,000 acres of land, of which op
tions on 8,469,000 acres, costing $36,
344,000, had become legal commitments.
As of May 1, the report said, 59,521
persons, including 3,581 on the CCC
pay roll, were employed In connection
with the land acquisition program.
Of 33 subsistence homestead proj
ects. construction has been completed
on 18, Is In progress on 11 and final
plans have been drafted for 4. The re
port lists four suburban housing proj
ects, financed from a $31,000,000 allo
cation for this purpose.
Inflation Bill Defeated
by the House
WE ARE not going to have any cor
rency Inflation, at least before
next session of congress. The Frailer
Lemke farm mortgage refinancing bill,
dragged oat of committee by a petition
signed by 218 bonse members, and then
hotly debated for a day, was defeated
by the decisive vote of 235 to 142. The
bill called for the printing of three bil
lion dollars for Its financing.
The petition signers included 159
Democrats, and before the vote every
one of them was told by Pat Boland
of Pennsylvania, the party whip, that
the President didn't want the measure
passed at this time and that If the
member voted for the bill it would be
jnst too bad for him.
President Still Wants
Ship Canal and Quoddy
PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT was sup
posed to have abandoned (or the
present tbe Florida ship canal and
Passamaquoddy tidal power projects
for which the house refused to appro
priate further funds. But Senator
Robinson of Arkansas was called to
the White House for a conference and
returned to the house to Introduce a
resolution authorizing the President to
appoint engineering boards of review
for the two schemes.
Tbe boards would present their find
ings by June 29. and. If favorable, the
President would have authorization to
set aside $10,000,000 for tbe canal and
$9,000,000 for Passamaquoddy out of
available relief money.
Starhemberg Ousted From
Austrian Cabinet
Chancellor kdrt schusch
NIGO of Austria has long been at
outs with the vice chancellor, Prloce
Ernst von Starhemberg, and now be
has got rid of that active young man
and Is practically tbe sole dictator of
the country. This was accomplished
by tbe resignation of the cabinet and
Its reconstruction Immediately with
Von Starhemberg left out
Italy May Withdraw From
League of Nations
BECAUSE the League of Nations
council would not Immediately rec
ognize Italy's annexation of Ethiopia
and the creation of tbe new Roman fm
pire. Premier Mussolini recalled his
representatives from Geneva, and be
fore long Italy may quit tbe league en
tirely. At present It Is merely "not
participating" in Its activities.
Tbe Italians at Addis Ababa are exe
cuting many natives for espionage or
murder, among them being the giant
umbrella carrier of Halle 8eiassie. A
number of newspa;>cr men have been
expelled because of "anti-Italian activ
ities and espionage." Among them
? ere George 8'eer, correspondent for
tbe Londoa Times and the New York
Times; Isadore Nebenzabl, a repre
sentative o' the Havas (French) News
agency: Alkeos Anglopolo, a Hearst
correspondent, snd ai. D. Roblllard, di
rector of so Ethiopian newspaper.
Molybdenum Brings Ghost Town to Life
COPPER CREEK, Ariz., historic mln- T
Ing settlement tbat has been a ghost u
town for years, has been brought to Hfe g
by the discovery there of veins of molyb- 3
denum, rare metal that Is used In steel E
mating. Here Is shown a part of the 2
old town and, at the right, William N. 3
Miller, who founded the town more than !
half a century ago and Is there again, i
Be Is holding tn his band a specimen of I
molybdenum ore. ?
?MK'WS ?Wlllllll* II
Bedtime Story for Children
By THORNTON W. BURGESS
BILLY MINK OUTWITS THE
TRAPPER
Aa smart and clever aa you are,
A mink may smarter be by far.
HIS Is what Billy Mink said to
bimself as he uncovered the trap
which had been set for hlto fit the en
trance to one of his favorite holes In
the bank of the Laughing Brook. Of
course be was thinking of the trapper
when be said it At first Bill; flew
into a great rage. It made him angry
clear to the tip of his tail Just to think
he must now be always watching for
traps where for so long there bad been
no danger.
At first, on discovering that trap, be
had thought to go on at once up the
Laughing Brook find see what more
he could discover. But you remember
that Blliy was hungry and that there
?r/
"It Will Serve That Trapper Right If I
Can Get That Fiih," Muttered Billy.
was a piece of perfectly delicious fish
back Id that bole. He knew now Just
bow tbat fish happened to be there. He
knew that that trapper had put that
piece of fish In there hoping that Billy
would be so eager to get In that be
would be careless.
The more he smelled It, the more he
wanted It. "It will serve that trapper
right If I can get that fish !" muttered
Hilly. "Perhaps It will teach him that
he Is not so smart as he thinks he Is.
I wonder If 1 can step over that trap."
Billy sat down and studied the trap
ANNABELLE'S
ANSWERS
By RAT THOMMOW
?7770 ? r rm
DEAR ANNJtBELLE: WHY DO
THE MOVIES ALWAYS END JUS1
AS THE COUPLE ARE ABOUT TO
BE MARRIED?
M. PHAN
Dear "Phan": THEY'RE NOT
ALLOWED TO SHOW ANY
THING BRUTAL IN THE
MOVIES t
Aoaab?ll?.
and the entrance to tbe bole. Tbe more
be studied tbe more sure be became
that he would be running a very fool
ish risk If be tried to step over that
trap Just to get a piece of fish. You see,
that trap bad been very cunningly
,placed. But the more he smelted that
fish tbe more he wanted It
Billy stroked bis whiskers thought
fully. Of course that didn't have any
thing to do with It but just the same
while he was stroking tbem he remem
bered something. His eyes snapped
and be grinned. Way up on the bank
between tbe roots of a certain tree
was a little bole. It was tbe entrance
to a little underground tunnel, and that
tunnel led right down to the very bole
In front of wblch tbe trap was set It
really was a sort of back door.
BiUy turned and In a flash had scram
bled up tbe bank. Witb his keen little
nose he made sure that there was no
scent of the trapper up there. He felt
sure that the trapper bad not found
that little hole between the roots of
that certain tree. But though he was
sure of this, he took no chances. As
be approached that hole he took the
greatest care to make sure that no
trap was In there.
There was none. Once Inside the
hole. Bill; ran along that little tunnel
chuckling to himself. He knew that
there was no danger. He could get that
fish. He did get It He got It and
ate It right there. Then he turned and
ran out the way he had entered. Some
how that fish had tasted the best of
any fish he bad ever eaten. It was be
cause he bad outwitted the trapper.
?T. W. Burgess. ? WNU Service.
Eve's EplGrApps
Hul?lry
uSufilly
cjfvrvts
n Good
onderstendino^
Irut the
Little CJorwMi
oeta nore
out o[ ?
Good
caia.utideT- Standi nG
? MOTHER'S *
COOK BOOK
MARKETING FOR THE HOME
IT IS a heartening sight to visit the
city markets and see tbe handsome,
high-powered cars lined up at the
curb and the lady of the house walk
ing from stall to stall choosing tbe
food for her family, along wltb the
housewife of the poor man who must
count every penny.
One of rne hardest things for tbe I
average woman to do Is to regulate |
RY THIS TRICK
By PONJAY HARRAH
Cop rrlgfcl by hUo L adffM, tme.
X-RAY VISION
TO DEMONSTRATE bis ability at
X-ray vision, the magician take* a
pack of cards from It* case. He lays
them on the table and asks some one
to Insert a card from tbe pack. The
card must be pot In face down.
1'lcklng up the case, the magician
bold* It to bis forehead and promptly
names the value of the card. He may
repeat tbe trick If be dealres.
Be careful, In performing this trick, I
to specify that tbe card must be pot
In the case while tbe latter Is on tbe |
table. Why? Because you have previ
ously cut a small bole In the lower cor
ner of tbe card case.
When yon pick up the card case,
you can see tbe Index corner of tbe
card within. That la why you are
able to name It
wxcatrru*.
her purchases to tbe amount (be baa
to spend for food. It takea real self
denial to pass by the attractive delica
cies for the table and confine one's
self to the urgent neds. Shopping
and marketing are fine things to de
velop self-control.
In too many households the mar
keting problem Is left to haphaxard
buying or the last minute order, aod
so It Is either a feast or a famine to
which the family look forward.
The tender cots of meat do not con
tain any more nourishment and they
lack the extractives which are found
In the more active muscles aod so
they lack the flavor. Cheaper cuts
which are used for meat are often
thrown away because of tbe Idea that
tbey have lost their food value. Th?
fact Is all the food value Is still there,
the lack Is In the flavor or extractives,
THE ARISTOCRACY
By DOUGLAS MALLOCH
THESE are the aristocracy:
Tbe man who makes my shoe! for
me,
My clothes, the roof above my head.
The very comfort of my bed.
The food my body nourishetli?
1'es, even for my very breath
Upon some other I depend,
My noblest neighbor, nearest friend
I never see a hand of grime,
A brow of summer sweat, but I'm
A bit ashamed no look of toll
Have mine, of contact with the soil.
My little greatness Is less great,
A thousand times, than his estate
Who makes a habitable earth
For many men of lesser worth.
I am entitled to my ease.
My lighter task, by serving these
Who serve mankind, for then we all
Are workers, be we great or small. t ,
I thus become, the best 1 can.
The equal of this other man
To whom I look, who looks to me?
Both then the aristocracy.
C Dourlu Malloch. ? WNU S?rvlc4.
Pleated Ruffles
Blnche lace edge* the pleated raf
fles tiiat form the aleerea and petti
coat effect on tbla prim little frock of
black and white printed chiffon. The
shantung straw hat la SchlaparellTa
new one trimmed with colored
flowers.
which may be supplied In various
ways ? adding flavorful vegetables,
meat sauces and condiments, thus mak
ing palatable and nourishing dishes
from meat left from broths.
When we learn that marketing U a
household science which needs study
and observation and that extravagant ;
buying, however full the purse, ta
never to be Indulged, we are In a fair
way to Improve In that part of house
hold management
We are told bjr those who have made
a study of- family needs that before a
pound of meat Is bought a quart of
milk should supply the dally need of
every child In the family. Milk may
be used as a drink, as a main dish. In
puddings, sauces, with cereals for
breakfast and supper.
c WMt?rn Newjptper Union. , t
Li?e in Suburbs
Nearly all Melbourne's population
lives In the suburbs. The city propee
Is quite small and mostly business.
Costumes for the " Dust Bowl"
THKSK three young ladle* ot Pueblo, Colo, are wearing three variations of
the masks now used by farmer* who have to be out to the open during the
"black bllxzarda" which have awept over part* of Colorado, Oklahoma, Texas
and Kansas during the past two year*.