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THE ALAMANCE GLEANER Vol. LXIV GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, MARCH 31, 1938 No. 8 1%'eirs Mteview of Current Events MORGAN OUSTED BY F. D. R. flVA Scandal Handed Over to Congress . . . Britain Will Fight for Her Allies, Says Chamberlain Here in confidential conversation are Senator Sherman Minton of Indi ana (left), chairman of the senate committee investigating lobbying, and Senator Lewis B. Schwellenbach of Washington. The committee's inquiry at present is directed particularly to a campaign against the government reorganization bill and its activities aroused Publisher Frank Gannett to demand its abolition. A _ ^iMwrxJulW.PickMJul SUMMARIZES THE WORLD'S WEEK c Western Newspaper Union. Morgan "Removed" PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT "re I* moved" Dr. Arthur E. Morgan as member and chairman of the Tennessee Valley authority, report ed this action to con gress in a special message, and left Washington for a visit to Warm Springs, Ga. Thus the entire TV A row was thrown into the lap of congress, and senators and repre sentatives continued to scrap over wheth " er an investigation A. E.Morgan o{ the huge project should be made by a senatorial committee or by a joint committee of both houses. Mr. Roosevelt ousted Morgan after receiving from Acting Attorney Gen eral Jackson an opinion that he pos sessed the required authority. This is questioned by Senator Borah and other authorities, and it is presumed the matter will be taken up to the Supreme court. Morgan, who was in Chicago, consulted legal friends but would not announce his plans. Senator Bridges and some others hotly denounced the President's ac tion as dictatorial and unjustified. The President told congress he had named Harcourt Morgan to suc ceed A. E. Morgan as chairman of TVA, but he did not appoint his successor as a member of the board. Reasons for the removal of Mor gan as given by the President were that he had made grave and libelous charges against his colleagues and refused to substantiate them at the White House hearings, and that he had obstructed the work of the au thority. Efforts of administration lead ers in congress were exerted to see that no avowed enemies of TVA should be named on the investigat ing committee. * House Shows Its Temper EVIDENTLY the house of repre ?*-' sentatives doesn't want any more TV A projects started while the affairs of the authority are in such a muddle. By a vote of 186 to 157 it refused to concur with the senate in appropriating funds to start construction of the $112,000,000 dam at Gilbertsville, Ky. In oppo sition were 111 Democrats and 75 Republicans. The vote sent the matter back to conference. * Profits Tax Out DAT HARRISON meant what he * said about altering the revenue bill that was passed by the house. His senate finance committee is making the changes. By a vote of 17 to 4 it eliminated from the meas ure the undistributed profits tax principle, substituting therefor a flat corporation income tax of 18 per cent. , As a further means of stimulating business and investment the com mittee adopted a provision dras tically modifying the capital gains and losses tax. The committee re moved capital gains on assets held for more than 18 months from the income tax category and substituted instead a flat rate of 15 per cent, which was what business and indus try wanted. In an effort to clear the way for speedy enactment of the tax relief legislation, the committee rejected a system of wartime taxes and a system of processing taxes on wheat, corn, cotton, tobacco, and rice, which the administration de sires to finance proposed additional bounties to farmers amounting to $200,000,000 a year. House Passes Navy Bill \XfITH ?nly votes in oppo * * sit ion, the house passed the ad ministration's billion dollar navy bill. The measure authorizes con struction of the largest battle fleet in American history by adding 46 com bat ships, 22 auxiliaries and 950 air planes. The War department announced that army and navy officers were about to study plans for an enlist ment program that would put more than two million men under arms within four months of a declaration of war. For this the army would require 1,250,000 recruits and the navy 500,000. * Britain Ready to Fight rjREAT BRITAIN will not flatly " pledge itself to fight to save Czechoslovakia from German ag gression. But she will use her arm aments to fulfill her treaty obligations to France and Bel gium, and is ready to go to war in their defense if they are unjustly attacked. That was the warning to Hitler ut tered by Prime Min ister Chamberlain in the house of com Neville Chamberlain mons, in the most important statement of British foreign policy since the World war. Declaring his belief that peace will be maintained, Chamberlain said: "I cannot imagine any events in Europe which would change the fundamental basis of British for eign policy, which is the mainte nance and preservation of peace. However, that does not mean that nothing would make us fight." Though he said central Europe was not an area where vital British in terests are at stake, he gave plain warning that if German aggression should result in war there, Britain might be forced into it. He urged peaceful settlement of Czechoslovakia's German minority problem and offered Britain's help in this. He flatly turned down Soviet Rus sia's call for-' consultation against aggressor nations. The prime minister said that in the case of Italy's conquest of Ethio pia a task beyond its powers was imposed on the League of Nations, and he admitted that his original belief in th&Jeague as an effective instrumentrtor preserving peace was profoundly shaken. But he still believed the league might be revivified and strengthened. To Save CCC Camps D EPRESENTATIVE WOODRUM of Virginia, a member of the appropriations committee, told the house congress soon will be called on to'provide a huge sum for con tinuation of the work relief pro gram, and that, in anticipation of this, his committee has taken steps to keep open 300 Civilian Conserva tion corps camps scheduled for clos ing in July as an economy measure. "I have discussed this matter with the President," said Woodrum. "I learned that -there is impounded in the Treasury the sum of $28,000,000 which congress appropriated for the CCC for the current year program and which will not be used. An ap propriation of 50 millions will ena ble the corps to carry on its present program through the next fiscal year." Roosevelt Warns South Q N HIS way to Warm Springs President RocfSevelt paused in Gainesville, Ga., long enough to de liver sharp criticism of those south erners who are keeping the wage hours legislation deadlocked in the house of representatives and who have opposed other of his New Deal measures. He asserted that southern workers are underpaid and under-employed and warned that un less this condition is changed the South cannot and will not succeed in establishing successful new in dustries. He attacked "selfishness on the part of a few" for holding back "national progress and prosperity," and added: "This nation will never permanently get on the yoad to recovery if we leave the meth ods and the processes of recovery to those who owned the govern ment of the United States from 1921 to 1933." Wheat Crop Estimate PREDICTION by the bureau of 1 agricultural economics of the De partment of Agriculture is that this year's wheat crop will be 830,000,000 bushels, or 160,000,000 bushels in ex cess of the 1932-36 average. The survey estimates that the wheat car ry-over in 1939 will be around 300, 000,000 bushels. The record wheat crop is based on the following factors: If farmers seed the acreage indicated in the prospective-planting report, and if average yields are obtained, this year's spring wheat crop, including durum, will total about 200,000,000 bushels. This, together with the winter crop of about 630,000,000 bushels, indicates a prospective out put of 830,000,000 bushels. * Mexican Oil Seizures PRESIDENT CARDENAS of Mexi co announced the expropria tion of oil properties belonging to American and British companies and valued at some $400,000,000. Wells, refineries and tankers were j seized and workers took control of ! all company offices in the repub lic. The American and British employees and their families fled. For the present the oil industry in Mexico was paralyzed. Cardenas made a public promise that the government would pay in demnity for the seized oil proper ties. Vicente Herrera was appoint- I ed general manager of the new na tional petroleum council. ? as? Tetlow Heads Coal Board PERCY TETLOW, a lieutenant of ' John L. Lewis, has been elected chairman of the national bituminous coal commission to succeed C. F. Hosford, resigned. This apparently puts the C. I. O. chieftain in full control of the commission, in which his influence has been predominant. Tetlow began his career as a coal miner in Ohio and was an official of the United Mine Workers when appointed to the board. ? Victory for Poland /"\NE immediate threat of Euro pean war seemed to be dis solved when Lithuania yielded to the demands of Poland for resump tion of normal dip lomatic and trade relations and virtu ally gave up its claim to Vilna, for mer capital of the country, which the Poles seized 18 years ago. General Smig ly-Rydz, chief of the Polish army and "strong man" of Po r . iana, naa mobilized smiciy Kjd, and Polish warships were cruising off Memel. So there was nothing (or the Litha to do except give in. Pol ish troops that had been concentrat ed in Vilna paraded in celebration of the bloodless victory, but in Warsaw the celebration was dis torted into a "pogrom" in which riotous throngs attacked all the Jews they could find, killing several and wounding (cores. Hundreds of Jew ish-owned shops were smashed be fore the police could restore order. MURDERED: A PARAMECIUM Science Perfects 'Death Ray' in Battle on Civilization's Greatest Enemy, the One-Celled Micro-Organism By JOSEPH W. LaBINE In the madcap 1920's a sober young laboratory engineer for the Detroit Edison company was married. Dr. Robert F. James was his name, a World war veteran with an M. D. degree from the University of Michigan. Doctor and Mrs. James moved into an apartment equipped with an obsolete electric refrigerator which emitted a musty odor. They didn't like it, so they did something ?bout it. 'mat musty odor is indirectly' responsible for one of the great est steps in sanitation progress the world has ever taken. It brought about perfection of a new and economical ultraviolet ray lamp that kills germs instan taneously but doesn't bother humans. Its inventors were Doctor James and another fa mous scientist, Dr. Harvey C. Rentschler. The device, called "sterilamp," has just been an nounced The new lamp has already shown its value in trial instal lations. At Duke hospital in Durham, N. C., it was placed over the operating table, imme diately bringing about a reduc tion in post-operation infections. Meat dealers have installed it in their refrigerators with a re sultant decrease in spoilage. Bakers find it delays formation of mold on their products, and restaurants use it to sterilize their glasses. These are only a few of its applications. The Fight for Sanitation. For centuries man believed that all diseases could be "ascribed to demons" and millions forfeited Inventors of the amazing Rent schler- James process: Right: Dr. Robert F. James, whose ice box had a musty odor, and (below) Dr. Harvey C. Rentsehler, internation ally known ray authority. How ultraviolet radiation purifies the air in an operating room, eliminating danger of infection from bacteria in the atmosphere. Note the "sterilamp" in the ceiling, the long tube-like lights. their lives to ignorance before Van Leeuwenhoek discovered the tiny organisms responsible for plagues. Pasteur and Lister helped establish the importance of heat in killing bacteria. But even heat has its limitations. It cannot be used to preserve per ishables like food and meat; fur thermore extreme heat destroys glasses and dishes. Sunlight has a sterilizing action but its power is comparatively fee ble. While it has long been known that sunlight carries some ultra violet radiation that kills bacteria, it remained for Drs. James and Rentschler to isolate that small por tion of the ultraviolet spectrum which is really effective. To use the entire spectrum would be like "killing rabbits with an elephant gun," in Dr. Rentschler's own words. So he set about inventing a meter to measure accurately the amount of invisible radiation of any selected wave-length being emitted by his experimental lamps. Trial and Error. But let's get back to Detroit and Dr. James' musty refrigerator. Equipped with a knowledge of ul traviolet rays, the scientist'did per fect a lamp which he placed inside the refrigerator, resulting in steri lization by radiation. The musty smell soon vanished. He knew the lamp would kill bac teria but he had no way of knowing how much radiation should be gen erated for any given sterilization job. Too much might be dangerpus. It was while coping with this prob lem that he met Dr. Rentschler, who developed the meter. Working at BloomSeld, N. J., the two men spent five years in experi mentation. With their meter they tested, tediously and painstakingly, the effect of various ultraviolet wave-bands upon bacteria and oth er micro-organisms. Finally they found the right band. Murder by Ultraviolet. Only a few weeks have elapsed since the Rentschler-James process was explained before a gathering of scientists in New York city. At that time the "death struggle" of paramecia was magnified and thrown on a screen. The first pic tures showed normal paramecia, one-celled animals going about their work busily, unaware of the im pending doom. Then the "steri lamp" was turned on. The para mecia speeded up their scurrying to a frenzy; then began to shiver and tremble. Finally they stopped and began to die. At Duke hospital "sterilamps" were installed immediately over the operating table ? long, narrow lamps that look much like neon tubing. It was found that virtually all bac teria in the air about the open wound, supply and instrument ta bles were killed, while 80 to 90 per cent of the bacteria in far corners of the room also died. Helps the Botcher. Meat dealers have found the lamp invaluable. Forced to carry from 500 to 1,500 pounds of meat in his refrigerator at all times, the butch er has in the past suffered great losses from spoilage caused by mold and slime, the result of combined high refrigeration temperature and high humidity. Low refrigeration temperatures have been similarly unfavorable because too much mois ture is evaporated. But with the new lamp ? which gives little heat ? refrigerators need only be kept suf ficiently cool to prevent flabbiness. Bacteria and mold are lulled im mediately. Fresher bread and cake is guar anteed by bakeries where "steri lamp" has been tested. Two large firms used the lamp to retard mold growth on fruit cakes. Before in stallation, spoilage of the cakes amounted to about 15 per cent, a figure which dropped to 1 or 2 per cent after the lamps were adoptedl Far-sighted scientists have pr? dieted a day when the new lamp may free us from the worry of bac terial infection. Obviously the next application of this process will be to the atmosphere itself, a field in which experimentation is already being made. Science, whose Twentieth century gifts to civilization are already le gion, has hurdled another barrier in its drive to make the world a safe, happy and healthy place to live! c Western Newspaper Union. Dfiakteff (luwi, exposed to the "sterilamp" tor Jut ? tow aer?ds, emerfe completely sterilized aad thae ekeek the spread at comaiuicable GRETNA GREEN HAS TWO BLACKSMITHS TO MARRY ELOPERS For the First Time Competition Enters Into Scotland's Marriage Mart. Glasgow. ? Scotland's Gretna Green now has two blacksmiths ready and willing to perform mar riages over their respective anvils. The existence of the second smithy was revealed recently by the elopement of a youthful English couple, Miss Audrey Patricia Smith, sixteen years old, of C lac ton-on-Sea, and Sidney Swan, twenty -five years old, also of Clacton-on-Sea They were married over the anvil at Gretna hall, an inn not more than 100 yards from the black smith's shop where Richard Renm son, until now undisputed black smith of Gretna, has celebrated hundreds of weddings. The opposition smithy, complete with anvil and bellows, was opened aily recently by David Mclntoafc. the innkeeper who performed the wedding of Mr. and Mrs. Swan. Both blacksmiths eagerly pot for ward a claim that their "forge" m the original. Could Use the Mar;. "J decided only a short time a go to reopen my smithy and start mar rying people," declared Mr. Mcin tosh. "Many couples had come to Gret na hall to be married, and it seemed foolish to turn away (ood matey. I charge a guinea (S5.ll) tor the marriage and 2 shillings C peace (GO cents) if I supply witnesses. "My own opinion is that the mar riages we perform wiD ultimately be abolished, but before then I hope to have a long and successful run." Mr. Rermwon, however, is oat worrying about any opposition. "My business is built on a sou foundation and is well organized." he commented. "When Mr. Mcin tosh took over the hotel he had no intention of marrying any one. Now his blacksmith's shop is almost a repLtca of my own." Both Mr. and Mrs. Swan, on their honeymoon at Perth in Scotland, talked of their elopenent as a grand adventure. Mrs. Swan ran away from the hotel where she lived with her grandmother. "I stuffed some clothes into my pockets, packed some personal let ters in a chocolate box. and tucked it under my arm ? and walked." she related. Grannie Was Snspciana. "I was determined to get away. Grannie was suspicious, but I man aged it-" Mr. Swan slipped a protective arm about his hride. "We left Clacton in my car," he said, "to visit my sister. Mrs. J. J. Cook of South Chmgfnrd. K.aw In stead of going there, however, we took the train from Euston. "About 10 o'clock we arrived at Gretna and when we reached the smithy the place was closed. We were told that Mr. Mcintosh was in Carlisle at a pantomime. We de cided to wait. "Mr. Mcintosh arrived shortly after 11 o'clock. 'I have a suspicion what you are both here for at this late hour,' he beamed. "We agreed we wanted to be married. "The ceremony was performed over the anvil, the only light being an electric flashlight which Mr. Mc intosh held in his hand, casting a fantastic light over the dark room.** Wig Clipped as He Sleeps; Sues Barber ?for $5,075 New York.? Because he is laid open to embarrassing jibes, Ernst Reichner asked the Supreme court to award him $5,075, plus costs and disbursements, from Vinceuo Paghalonga, a barber. In his complaint Reichner asserts that he is bald and wears a ?i( which cost him $75. While wearing the wig on Jan uary 28 he sat in the defendant's barber chair and went to sleep. When Reichner awakened^ he de clares, he found that the defendant had carelessly and negligently cut some of the hair from the plaintiff's toupee, thereby causing great dam age and rendering it unfit for use and he is suffering the, stigma of the bald headed man until he can get a new wig. Oklahoman It Arrested for Galloping His Team Oklahoma City. ? They had to go way back into the law books to find it, but feud Clendon. forty -eight, faces a charge of violating an old statute, which makes a misdemean or of "running any horse at an un usual rate of speed along any public road." Jesse Gibson, constable, arrested Clendon, who, Gibson said, was bouncing along on a wagooload of lumber, pulled by two galloping
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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March 31, 1938, edition 1
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