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The Alamance gleaner GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, APRIL 7, 1938 \eirtt llvrifir of Current Events "REFORM" BILL PASSED Measure Giving President Vast Powers Squeezes Through Senate . . . Mussolini Ready for War Senator Pat Harrison of Mississippi, chairman ot the senate finance committee, is here seen telling members of the press what his committee had done and proposed to do to the revenue measure so that it would be less objectionable to business and to the country in general. It already had made radical changes in the bill as it was passed by the house. ~^&Lnvul IV. PicLuvd *S M CTTMMaOT7PC TUT ttTADT.r SUMMARIZES THE WORLD'S WEEK 0 Western Newspaper Union. Wide Powers for President DRESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S reor ganization bill squeezed through the senate by the close vote of 49 to 42, alter a fierce fight. A mo tion to recommit, which would have virtually killed -the measure, was defeated by a vote of 48 to 43. Opponents of this bill are con vinced that it paves the way for a dictatorship in the United States. Mr. Roosevelt made public a let ter to a friend in which he dis claimed any intention to become a dictator under the powers granted him by the bill. He said he was firmly opposed to an American dic tatorship and that he has none of the qualifications which would make him a successful dictator. The special reorganization com mittee of the house reported a new bill as a substitute for the senate measure but differing from it only slightly. Its speedy passage was predicted by Majority Leader Ray Adjournment Prospects CONGRESS wants to adjourn by the first of May, but leaders foresaw three possible obstacles to this plan ? the wage-hour bill, the Hungarian debt settlement proposal and railroad legislation. Democratic Leader Barkley said he hoped the senate could dispose of the tax revision bill, the $1,100,000, 000 naval expansion program, and the proposed $1,000,000,000 relief measure in April. Representative Rayburn, house floor leader, said he thought that chamber could complete its present program by May 1. But other mem bers said that if efforts to revive the wage-hour bill are successful, the picture may change. Ten Men to Probe TVA L*IVE senators and five representa tives will do the investigating of the Tennessee Valley authority, for the resolution for a joint committee burn. The bill, as it was passed by the senate, authorizes the President, by executive order, to transfer, re group, co-ordinate, consolidate, seg regate the whole or any part of or abolish any of the 135 bureaus, agen cies, and divisions of government. It abolishes the civil service com mission as now constituted, and the general accounting office. It cre ates a new "department of wel fare," and it authorizes six more $10,000 a year assistants to the Pres ident. Senators Are Angered COMMENTING to the" press on the senate's action on the reorgan ization bill, the President made the remarkable statement that it proved the senate could not be "pur chased by organized telegrams based on direct misrepresen tations." This led to an out burst of indignation in the senate. Hi ram Johnson of Cal ifornia started a hot debate with the as Mrtion; I don t Sen. Johnson know just what was meant by this remark, but I do know full well the implications which arise from it. Did the President mean that the senate could be pur chased only by promises of proj ects in particular states, or by mar shals or other officials in particular localities?" Senator Wheeler of Montana said that it was a "coincidence" that Senator James P. Pope, Democrat, of Idaho, had voted for the reor ganization bill about the same time that he had been able to get for his state an appropriation of close to $1,000,000 to start a dam project. When Pope and his friends indig nantly protested. Wheeler said he was satisfied there was no connec tion between the two matters. The citizens who sent between 75,000 and 100,000 telegrams asking senators to vote against the reor ganization measure are still to be heard from concerning the Presi dent'* comment. e inquiry was adopted by the senate with out a dissenting vote, and was ap proved unanimously by the house. The resolution was intro duced by Sen. Alben W. Barkley of Ken t u c k y, majority leader. It calls for investigation of ~ _ .. - charges of malfea Sen. Bridges sance and dishon esty made by the ousted chairman, A. E. Morgan, and includes eight of the twenty-three charges originally made by Senators Bridges and King in their first resolution for a con gressional inquiry. It also calls for a "fishing expedition" into the ac tivities of private utility companies and their injunction suits against the TV A. Sen. H. Styles Bridges, the New Hampshire Republican, in a radio , debate declared the administration was trying to obscure the charges of scandal within the TVA by forc ing the inquiry to cover the private utility angle. "The administration's strategy has been to cover up TVA dirt by a phoney counter-attack." be said. Italy Ready for War DENITO MUSSOLINI put a chip ?*-* on his shoulder &nd dared any one to knock it off. In a speech before the Italian senate which was broadcast to the world, II Duce said: "Italy's land, sea and air forces are tuned for rapid and im placable war." He warned Europe, and especially France, of his readi ness and willingness to fight, and said he subscribed to the theory that "the best defense is offense." He called the Italian submarine fleet the largest in the world, said the nation's air fleet was one of the best in existence, and asserted that, if necessary, he can put an army of 9,000,000 men in the field. France was warned also by Nazi Propaganda Minister Goebbels in a sensational speech in Vienna. Pro claiming the might of the new Ger many, Goebbels shouted: "Ger many is now strong enough to resist any attack from France. There can no longer b? any question of a prom enade from Paris to Berlin." Tornadoes in Middle West ' ? lORNADOES that swept through ^ Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, Arkarv sas, and Oklahoma killed at least 39 persons and did a vast amount of damage to property. South Pekin in the Illinois river valley was al most destroyed, and many other towns suffered severely. Light and water services were crippled. * Oil Seizures Protested D ELATIONS between the United States and Mexico took a se rious turn when Ambassador Dan iels delivered to Foreign Minister Eduardo Hay a sharp protest against the action of President Car denas in expropriating foreign oil properties. He asked just how Mex ico proposed to pay for the properties seized. Cardenas thereupon called his congress in special session to consider an internal loan to pro vide for the indemnity payments. American withdrawal of support from the silver market, Cardenas' chief source of revenue, threatened to close many silver mines* * Silver Buying Halted SECRETARY OF THE TREAS URY MORGENTHAU announced that the United States had discon tinued the purchase of Mexican sil ver until further notice. This prob ably was a direct result of Mexico's expropriation of foreign oil proper ties, which Secretary of State Hull considers a hard blow to his "good neighbor" policies. Price of silver was cut 1 cent an ounce. "Czar" for Broadcasters npHE National Association of Broadcasters announced the election of Mark Ethridge of Louis ville, Ky.( as temporary president, or "czar," of the billion-dollar ra dio broadcasting industry. Ethridge, who is managing editor of the Louisville Courier-Journal and Times, accepted the position aftei stipulating that he would not take any salary. The job, authorized at the N. A. B.'s annual conven tion, was to have carried a salary of $25,000 yearly. ?* ? Britain's New Spanish Plan REAT BRITAIN laid before rep resentatives of Europe's major powers new proposals for obtaining early removal of foreign troops from the Spanish civil war. The plan was submitted to the chair man's subcommittee of the nonin tervention committee in its first meeting in nearly two months. Informed persons said Britain proposed first, a "new formula" for deciding when belligerent rights should be granted the warring fac tions; second, restoration of con trol on Spain's frontiers. Franco in Catalonia r^ENERAL FRANCO'S insurgent army blasted its way through the loyalist lines and entered the province of Catalonia, moving far toward Barcelona, the third capital of the government forces. In this rapid advance about 100 towns were captured in a single day and many villages were demolished by bom bardment by a fleet of 200 war planes said to have been contribut ed by Italy and Germany. * Colonel House Dies n EATH after a long illness ended the notable career of Col. Ed ward M. House, whose name, dur ing the World war era, was famil iar to millions. He passed away in New York at the age of seventy-nine years. Shunning publicity and personal glory, House devoted him self untiringly to what he deemed the best interests of his country and for years his influence. especially in Inter- _ . ? national matters, ',onte was great. An early supporter of Woodrow Wilson's political fortune he became Wilson's trusted adviser after his election to the presidency and continued to help direct his course immediately before and dur ing the war, making frequent trips to Europe. He was Wilson's per sonal representative in the Ver sailles peace conference. Later he and Wilson disagreed and their close association came to an end. * Japan's Regime in China T APAN announced officially the ui ^ auguration of the "reformed Government of the Republic of Chi na" in Nanking. This puppet state is intended to replace the regime of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek and is headed by Liang Hung-Tze as chairman of the new executive yu an, a position equivalent to pre mier. The Chinese were still fighting tl.j invaders desperately along the Pei ping-Hankow railway and claimed the Japanese were suffering heavy CONQUERING THE POLES Man Pushes Closer to Heart of 'Weather's Kit chen,' Seeking Short Cut Route Over Top of the World; Russians Pioneer Arctic By JOSEPH W. LaBINE In 1909 courageous Robert E. Peary trudged to the North Pole. The world praised his conquest of the Arctic but with the same breath questioned: "What good is it?" That cynical attitude persisted until last May when a group of intrepid Russian scientists and aviators began the most thorough examination of Arctic wastes yet attempted by men, braving untold hardships to gather data about the weather's "kitchen." Suddenly the whole world, has become aware of the po tential value that lies within the Arctic and Antarctic circles. As Russia goes to work, the United States looks with re newed interest to Alaska, her own far north province. In Canada, British Columbia seeks to extend her domain to the North Pole. In Great Britain, scientists are mulling over data gathered by the British Graham land expedition to the Antarctic. <s Many reasons justify this sudden interest. The fabled northwest passage which Henry Hudson sought may yet be found in the Arctic sea. Avi at:v> progress has made practical sucS long sustained flights as the two Moscow-California hops last summer. Moreover, who knows what valuable mineral deposits lie beneath the crust of ice and snow that covers Arctic lanjjs? Antarctic Land Discovered. In the Antarctic, the recent Brit ish expedition discovered that Graham land is not an archipelago of islands as previously reported by Sir Hubert Wilkins, but one great tract of land ? a peninsula of the Antarctic continent. But it is the North pole which commands most interest because of its proximity to North America, Eu rope and Asia ? a potential short cut across the top of the world. The Soviet's best scientists are now living in some 60 weather sta tions along the Arctic coast, helping push back the frontier and open the sea to ships ? at least in summer. Their observations are now sup plemented by those of the ice-ffoe expedition, four scientists who land ed near the pole last May and have since drifted slowly southward, to be picked up recently off the coast of Greenland. Moscow has announced that even tually it will establish a series of ? i ii mhwiww! ij.mtm ABOVE ? Captain Amundsen tak ing observations with a sextant as his Norwegian Bar flies at the point determined upon as the exact South Pole. This remarkable photo was taken December 14, 1911, the date Amundsen reached the pole. BELOW ? Every iceberg that men aces shipping in the northern seas was once part of the mighty Polar ice cap, which has drifted southward with so many exploration parties. In cluding the recent Bussian expedi tion under Commander Papanin. weather observatories and landing fields along the proposed polar air way between Russia and the United States. America has been slow to appre ciate the possibilities of Alaska. Her first concrete step was the re moval of farmers from sub-mar ginal American lands to more fertile Alaskan soil several years ago. But she has done little more. Today, when airways span every continent, there is still no regularly scheduled line between the United States and Alaska, although the Alaskans themselves are more air minded than their brothers in the states. Last year more than 20,000 residents of the territory made trips by air ? almost one-fourth of the en tire population! Alaskans realize their territory can be conquered for year-around exploitation only by air. Meanwhile, to the immediate east, British Columbia is suffering from growing pains and Premier T. D. Pattullo wants to push its bor ders to the North pole. Contingent upon agreement with the dominion government, the annexation would include all of Yukon territory and part of Mackenzie. Such a territory would give British Columbia rich potential mineral sources, plus wealth in water pow er, fishing, agriculture, fur farming and lumbering. In a few months the entire world may know what Commander Papa nin and his companions discovered on their recent expedition, although the Soviet may elect to keep its in formation secret. Many obstacles must be overcome before commercial air routes can be mapped over the Arctic, although aviators used to northern flights claim the atmosphere is much clearer and more favorable for fly ing than in temperate zones. The biggest aviation obstacle is imprac ticability of compass devices based on the sun, since the Arctic has no sun part of the year. But the day may come when Lon doners bound for San Francisco or the Orient can fly with perfect safety and comfort via the short-cut rout*, over the top of the world. t fNUn Nnrnapn Vria. FRENCHMAN TELLS STRANGE STORY OF WAR EXPERIENCE PrUoner, Freed by Kaiser to Visit Home in France, Returns to Germany. Paris. ? One of the strange stories of the World war has just come out of the Perpignan district, in the south of France. It's about Andre-Pierre Cales, a stocky grocer of Belves, who in 1916 obtained leave of absence from a German prison camp, visited his native village in France and then returned to Germany as a captive for the duration of the war. Incredible as the story may seem,' M. Cales has documentary evi dence to prove his story. On the wall of his store is the framed per mit of the German authorities, signed by the kaiser, permitting him to leave Germany for eight days on condition that he return to the prison camp. Captured by Germans. In J914 Cales was assigned to the one hundred ninth infantry. He fought with his regiment through the first battle of the Marne. But on February 12, 1915, he was wound ed at Suippes and was captured when the rest of his company fell back in temporary retreat. He was sent to a military hospital at Spire and later was interned at Wurzberg in Bavaria. Early nert year Private Cales re ceived a letter from his wife, mailed from their home in Belves. She told him his father was dying, that daily his father wondered why he was not at the bedside. She urged him to do everything in his power to persuade the German au thorities to permit him to come home, even if it were for only a few days. Cales tried. It looked hopeless. Then the commander of the prison camp informed him that the kaiser had granted permission. That same night, February 23, 1916, he board ed a train for Switzerland. Keeps the Faith. So extraordinary was the situa tion that the French authorities did not believe him at first. In the end they let him into France, guarded by an officer, but they questioned him so long that he only had three days at home. When he reached Belves, his wife, in mourning, greeted him at the door. His father had died the week before. During the three days at home Cales was the wonder of the village, Cales and the bodyguard that fol lowed him wherever he went. Why, he was asked, should he keep the agreement and return to Germany? Cales replied that was the bargain, and three days later he boarded a train for Switzerland, and more than half of his former friends thought there was something wrong with him. Cales went back to the prison camp. In 1919 he was freed. Once again he took the train to Belves. He says today that he has not left Belves since ? and never intends to. Brakeman Dies Sticking to Wild Train in Wreck Copperhill, Tenn. ? Few heroes about to defy death will ask wheth er posterity will remember them. Nor did a forty-two-year-old brake-, man on a copper mine railway here. Clarence Howard was aboard a Ave car freight train when tbe cars broke away from the engine. He could have leaped safely to the ground, but stuck with his train to forestall what he knew would be a certain wreck unless he applied the hand brakes. Crawford applied those brakes. But too late. There was a crash. He was wedged be tween two telescoped cars. Fellow workers could not pull him out. Crawford told them so. He told them to wait for acetylene torches to burn away the twisted steel that compressed his pajn wracked body. When the torches arrived Crawford cooly directed the men cutting through the steel. At the end of three hours Craw ford lost consciousness. For five hours more far into dark, his res cuers worked to free him. They succeeded, but Crawford was dead ? a hero. "Party Driving" Helps in More Ways Than One Denver.? University students' in genuity has created a new method of earning money to defray ex penses. The latest wrinkle is "par ty driving." The "party drivers" guarantee so ber driving for students on parties. Denver police have started to ar rest several drivers of late whose cars were filled with singing, shout ing college students, only to be checked by tbe explanation: "I'm a party driver."
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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April 7, 1938, edition 1
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