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The Alamance gleaner Vol. LXIV GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, OCTOBER 13, 1938 No. 35 -Weekly News Review France , England Friendless In New World Power Lineup ? By Joseph W. La Bine??' Foreign Since the notorious peace of Mu nich, almost every day has seen the stars of Great Britain and France descend to new lows, torn by dis sention from within, heaped with ridicule from without. Hardly had Alfred Duff Cooper resigned from the British cabinet in protest against Prime Minister Chamberlain's "sell out" before Winston Churchill arose in the house of commons to state his views. He prophesied that Eng land will be dependent on German good will for its very existence. "We have sustained defeat without war, and the whole equilibrium of Europe has been changed," he summed up. That Prime Minister Chamberlain agrees is shown by his insistence on a high-speed rearmament program, WINSTON CHURCHILL He, among others, was ashamed. a move quite contradictory to his Anglo-German peace pact and his treaty with Italy. It is an admis sion that not even Mr. Chamber lain trusts Adolf Hitler or Benito Mussolini very far. Meanwhile, France has been quick to make peace with Italy by recognizing her conquest of Ethi opia. Her parliament, by over whelmingly approving the Munich pact, agreed that no price was too high for peace even though it meant relegating France to the position of a second-rate power. But sorely taxed Frenchmen want to know why they must pay for a huge army and navy that refuses to fight. Thare are other signs, as well. The resignation of Czech President Eduard Benes in the face of grow ing public sentiment against weak kneed democracies, indicates that Czechoslovakia is giving in to de mands for co-operation with the Rome-Berlin axis. It is almost humorous to reflect that Great Brit ain has agreed to defend Czecho slovakia's integrity. Even more tragic is Chancellor Hitler's demand for reparations from Czechoslo vakia, to be paid out of the $150,000, 000 loan recently granted the Czechs by Great Britain. With central Europe turned over completely to dictatorship, with Russia breaking her French alli ance and crawling back into silence, France and Britain apparently stand alone, friendless, merely tol erated by her-"friends" ? Italy and Germany. Taxation Though campaigning politicians do not speak of it, next winter's congress will probably turn the in come tax headache into a night mare. With another federal deficit in prospect, with high income brackets already taxed to the lim it, the solution will be a broadening of tax base on middle and low in come groups, i. e., the man making less than $50,000 a year. Present exemptions are $1,000 for single per sons, $2,500 for married persons, with $400 extra for each dependent under IS years of age. If 2,067,736 persons filed 1935 returns on that basis, an estimated 8,400,000 would yield from $200,000,000 to $300,000, 0d9 more under the proposed plan far reducing exemptions to $500 for single persons, $1,000 for mar ried persons and $200 for depend ents. Chief victims would be those now paying in the low income brackets, a prospect that bodes vir tual political suicide for any con gressman who favors the measure. Only alternative would be federal sales taxation, which "horrified" President Roosevelt when he first took office and has since been ? dead issue. Labor Chief result of the American Fed eration of Labor's Houston conven tion has been a widening at the breach between A. P. of L. and John Lewis' Committee tor Indus trial Organization. Labor leaders have long harbored hope of bring ing the two factions together; A. F. of L. made a gesture last winter, while David Dubinsky's Internation al Ladies Garment Workers have long been on the fence, acting as mediator. But when A. F. of L.'s William Green began throwing charges of "communism" at C. I. O., when he alleged further that two members of the Wagner labor relations board (Donald Wakefield Smith and Edwin S. Smith) were pro-C. I. O., the last hope for peace faded. As a result, C. I. O. has called its first constitutional convention at Pitts burgh November 14, when delegates from 42 international and national unions will meet with representa tives of 180 industrial union coun cils. At that time, A. F. of L. may expect to be blasted in return. Strangest feature of labor's war is that both factions remain loyal to President Roosevelt, who should have incurred A. F. of L.'s wrath by reappointing Donald Wakefield Smith to the labor board last month, and who should have made C. I. O. angry by consenting to changing the Wagner act next winter, on Mr. Green's request. Though Mr. Lewis has been conspicuously silent about the administration, Mr. Green has been quick to point out that C. I. O.'s constitutional convention is a rebuff to the President's moves for labor peace. War To the Japanese soldier clawing his way toward Hankow, the pros pect has been discouraging. Even if he survives the stubborn, bloody Chinese resistance, even though he helps raise the Jap flag over Han kow, the war will not be over. Nip CHINA'S CHIANG KAI-SHEK "There can be no peace- . pon has announced Hankow as the final objective, and it probably will be taken soon. But Chinese Gen eralissimo Chiang Kai-shek insists his people will continue to resist. His latest statement: "If Japan does not abandon aggression and withdraw her instruments of inva sion, and if she does not restore China's territorial and administra tive integrity, there can be no peace . . . The longer our armed resist ance continues, the stronger will our determination grow." General Chiang's prophecy is al ready fulfilled. Though Chinese have won no spectacular victories, Japan's drive up the Yangtze to Hankow has cost more casualties than any previous phase of the war. Every indication is that Japan will never control more than rivers, rail roads and highways, that huge and lumbering China will eventually as similate whatever permanent Jap anese population is sent over to ad minister the conquered territory. # Since "peace at any price" be came Europe's watchword during the Czechoslovakian crisis, it is Just possible the same watchword may be applied to Spain's civil war. In this imbroglio, where Germany and Italy have aided the strong Fascist cause of Insurgent Generalissimo Francisco Franco, communistic Loy alist Spain has suffered repeated setbacks and now controls but a small area. France, and especially England, have already made peace overtures to Italian Premier Benito Mussolini in the Spanish conflict. One pro posed settlement is division of the peninsula into a democracy and dic tatorship. Observers think it entirely pos sible that Germany and Italy may force a sell-out of Loyalist Spain Just as Czechoslovakia was sold out, that England and France may ?vea tuaQy agree to give Generalissimo Franco victory. Domestic Though the U. S. is a land of free press and speech, most Americans agree it is' far from smart to let foreign agents operate un tram meled. Last winter, when agita tion for an investigation of un-Amer icanism first came before congress, many a lawmaker wondered not only about un-American agents, but ajl foreign agents. Who are they? How do they operate? What are their aims? Upshot was a law re quiring all "agents of foreign prin cipals" to register with the state department by October 6. Though the deadline came and passed with thousands still left unregistered, the persuasive threat of prosecution is expected to bring results. Though the law has no teeth, its registration requirement will let Uncle Sam keep an eye on foreign agents, will help curb the growing spy danger. ? Regardless of who holds power when civil service is expanded, it will create furore in the minority ranks because present job-holders will be favored. On this assump tion, a furore will come in Repub lican ranks February 1 when 81,000 Democratic workers in so-called emergency agencies are moved into civil service classification. Another 44,000 may be added later. This results from U. S. civil service com mission approval of President Roosevelt's executive order last June, which asked expansion of the merit system. Undeniably a step in the right direction, February's change will be less meritorious than most civil service operations, since present job-holders need only take a non-competitive examination and get the recommendation of their superior officers. Politics To New York state voters, No vember's gubernatorial election will be a matter of choosing between two worthy men, once co-workers against crime, now political oppo nents through trick of circumstance. Odds appear to be growing that the Democratic Gov. Herbert H. Leh man will beat Manhattan's racket busting District Attorney Thomas E. Dewey, Republican nominee. Merits for Dewey: An amazing record of fighting New York city's criminal element since he was ap pointed special prosecutor by Gov ernor Lehman in 1935. Young (only 38 years old), handsome, a cru sader, he nevertheless has little gov ernmental background outside the court room. Merits for Lehman: Almost 40 years' manufacturing and banking experience that have enabled him to run the Empire state on a business basis. He battled successfully against legislative opposition to his sweeping set of laws expediting criminal procedure, went on to wipe out a $100,000,000 deficit left by his predecessor, Franklin Roosevelt. Since he must attack his strong est points, Candidate Dewey's first blast was against Tammany, which necessitated dragging Candidate Lehman into the picture. Uninten tionally, said Mr. Dewey, the gov ernor is "the good will advertising, the front man and window dressing for a thoroughly corrupt machine." Proud of his own anti-crime record, Governor Lehman answered he was "amazed" that the young district CANDIDATE LEHMAN On* good mam against another. attorney would "abandon" his rack ets prosecution to enter government al affairs in which he has "no real record of accomplishment." What everyone knows is that Tom Dewey can have anything he wants from the Republican party, even the 1M0 presidential nomination, if he wins. That is one reason Franklin Roosevelt was willing to patch up his quarrel with Governor Lehman, who opposed the Supreme court en largement MIL It is also why New York's campaign is attracting na tiODAl ittffltfr1"1 Bruehart'H W making torn Dlgemt Peace Bought by Pieces of Nation Likely to Last Only for 'A While' ? Much in Situation in Central Europe Has Not Been Told; Roosevelt and Hull Handled Affair With Fine Ability; .Versailles Treaty Blamed for Trouble. By WILLIAM BRUCKART WNU Service, Nation*! Freu Bldf., Wwhinfton, D. C. WASHINGTON.? It appears that the world is going to be spared a general European war for a while, and yet it should be recognized that the period of peace that has been bought with pieces of a nation is likely to be only "a while." From all of the information available in Washington's diplomatic corners combined with the judgment of men who know European politics ? and European human nature ? it seems that the balance is so delicate as to permit a powder keg being fired by an inconsequential firecracker. Nevertheless, there is much that has not been told about the situation. Little has been said, for instance, about the basic problem in the cen ter of Europe, nor has there been real frankness about the part which American representatives had in the original setting of the present day grief. American political conditions ? domestic politics ? obviously con stitute one reason why there has been only infrequent references to the underlying causes of the trouble. A more important reason, however, is that if there had been much talk about our original interest, there would have been many more sug gestions from abroad that Uncle Sam should come in and act as arbiter. Surely, there was no one in this country willing that Presi dent Roosevelt should do that. Mr. Roosevelt foresaw that possibility early; so he confined American ef forts to earnest pleas for avoidance of war, for use of common sense methods of settlement. I think that Mr. Roosevelt and Secretary Hnll of the state depart ment handled the extremely deli cate situation with line ability. The pleas which went oat to contending forces carefully avoided possibility of entanglements; yet, even the ball headed Hitler mast have felt the pressore that was represented by them, pressure on whatever ma chinery within him that he ealls his mind and heart. More than that, public appeal by the United States certainly gave added coarage to the Europeans who were trying to solve the problem without paying ten mil lion lives and billions in money. Root of All the Trouble r Lie * in Versatile* Treaty c' But let us quit kidding ourselves about the European situation. Why dodge around the bush concerning the underlying (acts and the blame that attaches, including such blame as belongs to us? We must recognize these (acts: 1. The root o( all the trouble is im bedded in the Treaty o( Versailles. In that treaty, written in 1919, there were injustices that could only lead eventually to a head-on collision. It was in the Versailles peace negotia tions after the World war that Presi dent Wilson coined the phrase, "sel( , determination o( peoples." It was in those negotiations, too, that Lloyd George of England, Clemenceau at France, and Orlando o( Italy, traded Mr. Wilson out o( everything be fore they would agree to his ideal ism, founding o( the League o( Na tions. No one can say that Woodrow Wilson lacked sincerity; and it was this deep sincerity, ironically, that was preyed upon by the other three victorious nations. Mr. Wilson yield ed when a majority o ( Americans knew at the time that he was being trapped. 3. Europe has been made, by (ate, the abiding place o ( many racial and human types. They are races and types which have characteris tics and traits, training and tradi tion that never have mixed, and never will mix. Central Europe is a melting pot where nothing ever has melted. "Self determination at peoples" would mean the segrega tion of each and every type and race. It is a possibility, of course, to segregate them as Mr. Wilson the orized, but it is not at all probable. Mr. Wilson supplied those people with a new idea and then allowed the "big three" of the Versailles conference to capitalize on his aims. There has been some measure of fighting about it ever since. Creed and Vengeance Short-Sighted Policy I. The greed of the allied powers and the vengeance which they sought to wreak on Germany now is proved, as it was charged in 1019, to have been a short-sighted policy, capable of establishing peace only until Germany recuperated and re gained some strength. Of course, the victors were determined to pre vent Germany ever again from at tempting to destroy the world and promote her own selfishness, but their efforts in that direction dis played only the tendencies of hate, none of the indications of caution or far vision. Even though it be an other generation and new leaders, na virile nation, including our own, would fail to fight back if the op portunity ever presented. Germany has been seeking, therefore, only a restoration of some kind. It ap pears that the buried hate among them has been exhumed and made to live again in the demagoguery of Hitler. He has used it for his selfish ends, to maintain his own power, to satisfy an ego that some folks regard as approaching an un balanced mentality. 4. The German people have been and continue to be a people 'requir ing inflexible leadership. Hitler sup plies it. He promised them new life, and he apparently has made good on just enough of his promises to provide him with continued pow er. Most people who have been able to study Hitler's programs at close range declare the whole house of cards eventually will collapse. /a Hitler Through With Demand s? It the Question 9. We must not be too confident about the purity of purpose of those who guided the affairs of Czecho slovakia. The glory that was Czech oslovakia was stained more, I am afraid, than most of us Americans know. It is hard to believe all of the things, all of the methods of op pression, charged against the Czechs. Information concerning their treatment of the Sudeten Ger mans in Czechoslovakia was distort ed by the Germans. There can be no doubt of that, because the propa ganda machine of Dr. Goebbels was working overtime. There was enough leaked through, however, to show that the Prague government was guilty of some harshness. It may have been that the Sudetens, themselves, brought it on. Of that, there can be only a guess. On the other hand, we have seen enough of the pulling and snarling, the sniping and trickery of other minorities to have a reasonably good idea of what could have gone on within the con fines of Czechoslovakia during its 20 years of life. wnat 01 uie settlement? is Hitler through with his demands? Are there other underlying motives and conditions yet to be dealt with and outside of the desires of the German minority to get back to the Reich? The answers to these questions explain why I said at the outset that the peace appeared only for "a while." The Czechs probably have been "sold down the river" to save the continent of Europe. I have no faith in the man. Hitler; almost as little faith in Mussolini, the other dictator. The Czechs are going to j be unhappy a long time; they will be resentful, and maybe they will start something. Hitler doubtless still wants the German colonies tak en away by the Versailles treaty. It would be strange, likewise, if he did not want "the Polish corridor" re stored to Germany. Each ambition constitutes a festering sore. Hitler Plant to Make Germany Self -Sufficient Underneath all of the problem, too, lies Hitler's program to make Germany self-sufficient, to make the nation independent of foreign sources of supply. The Rumanian oil fields, rich and productive, are coveted by more than one nation. England and English oil interests maintain a rather definite control, but it is a control that can be broken easily. On the other side of Ruma nia is the dictator, Mussolini, who displayed the true character of his soul by his rape of Ethiopia. Put these things together and draw your own conclusion, mindful always that to the north lies a great Russian bear, governed by an individual with ; different concepts, ruled by ? steel boot, a people who can be fired with hatred for the Hitler type of govern ment. Some say even that Stalin is only awaiting an opportunity to jump astride Hitler's neck. Anyway, Just i remember that Stalin is over there, too. And so, the final question is: can I Hitler bring his own people back J from the brink of war, from the fer vor of war preparation, to the life and economy of peace? That is ? very real problem. tWMmllmmaOam . | ? Speaking of Sport* 1 Grid Heroes Of '37 Factor In New Teams By HERB ROGERS PI TRYING to dope the winners ia 193<'i football picture, a yard stick aa accurate a> any la the grld Iron aecompUahmenta of 1837 play ers and teams. Let's then consider the caliber of some this season's players who made names for themselves in 17, and also the kind of assistance the individual player will get from his IMS teammates. Of the players returning tor duty this year, Young Buaaey, Louisiana State university, left halfback, made the greatest average gain per pass. He accounted for 731 yards, aver aging nine and one quarter yards per throw. O'Brien averaged four and one quarter. Second to Busaey was Eric Tipton, Duke; Thompeon, Tulsa ; followed by Viv Bottari, Cali fornia, and John Pingel, Michigan State, taking fourth and fifth place*. It waa Pingel who oatkieked every football player In 1M7 competition. He averaged 43 yards per kick aad ha had 49 tries at it. Nile Kinniek, Iowa, and Dead, St. Mary's, fol lowed, with George Cafege, Tennes see, and Tipton, Duke, bringing ap 'Whixier' White fourth and tttth place. "Whtaer" White, the Colorado flash, Woitkow ski, Fordham; King, Minnesota, all averaged over 42 yards per kick, hot they have pasted an to the alumni ranks. Passing David O'Brien, Texas Christian's 150-pound quarterback, completed more forward passes than any other player in the country last year. He made 234 attempts and completed 94 of them. Eighteen were inter cepted. Of the players retaraia? for 1S3I varsity work, Sam Boyd, Baylor, caught the greatest number of puses. The record shews that he accounted for 23 of them. Shorteu. New York university, also caught 23 passes, hot Boyd's passes were good for 365 yards while Shortens catches totaled 323 yards. Yardage For yardage gained by running plays, two Texas Tech boys led the returning gridiron heroes. They were Elmer Tar box and Bobby Holmes. Both of them gained more than 725 yards apiece. "Whizzer" White, now of the pro ranks, gave his Colorado team 1,121 yards in 1937. Although Pingel of Michigan State led the nation in individual kicking, St. Mary's led the country as a team. The New Deals Plans for baseball's 1039 campaign already have act in and foundations laid for off-season deals. Alva Brad ley fired the first broadside of the winter campaign in announcing that several of his Indians, including Earl Averill, Lyn Lary and Sammy Hale were definitely on the trading block. The disappointing campaign of the Cardinals, supplemented by medi ocre seasons for the club's AA farms has led insiders to believe that Med wick or Mize, or both, will not be with the St. Louis team next year. The Cardinals already are over stocked without Medwick, whose value ranges anywhere from $300, 000 to $300,000 in an open market Over in the American league the Yankees Will probably stand pat, with the exception of selling or trad ing Jake Powell. This will be dooe to make room for Charley Keller of Newark. Colorful Champ THEY'RE calling Patty Bert, new qneen of the America* links, the "Walter Hagen" el wom en'! golf. Which is to say that the bosky little red head (ram Mlsswy oils has "eater." The freckle-faced, snub-nosed miss puts on an act reminiscent at PATTY BEKG the great "Haig" when he ' idol of golf over tournaments* aa could set 'em up. Patty every ahot seem tough. She paces ap and *???, rata her caddy, then selects a dak eaiy *? discard it m fanr af aidke. Mat when the kits the hafi, it's as act. Patty's capture of the tarty second women's national < ship marked the tenth title 13 tournaments this year, in she broke a world's record for i ing and compiled a stroke in competition that was short of amaring. Here and There Net profit from all athletic activi ties at the University of 1 for the fiscal year 1837-M was SS 591.70, which included a net at 1 109 from the Rose Bowl t Alabama . . . "In lege football takes in at 000,000. In a good year ? lor in stance, 1931 ? it takes in over $15, 000,000," according to a wiiia in Liberty Magazine . . . ^r*?> ?f at figures, the California Racing com mission reveals that the tote board take at the combined California tracks is $(8,000,000 for the past IX months, or $13 for every man, wom an and child in the state ... a na tional survey of junior hifh schools reveals lt-year -old boys rank bail ball sixth as their favorite spot, below football, swimming, hocaa manship, basketball and Times have changed. All America Team The All America tna mi the Mat popular players hi >en>?H, ckaai by fans in a ?atlwMii ntaf can test, ??era plenty ml rmmm far arts meat. Bat lapyaiteii mt "Diuj" Dean, Billy Heraua. .1 1 1 1 iij Mln, Paal Waaer and a taaltal ml ate spectacular players wha failed to make the mythical teaaa wH kin do reeoorse. Far the (aas fhiai selves hare rpatea The hurlers for the honor team listed in the order in which haarhall followers ranked them are Raffing. Yankees; Hubbell, Giants; Vao der Meer, Red; Grove, Red Sox, and Bridge* of the Tigers. Here is the complete line-up; The contest was not kuti spaa a player , ability, bat safety apea Ma papalartty wttk the baseball pabUe. This proTided a mi typa a I All America selection. Break far Ducks Free use of the Canadian govern ment's vast system of water storage projects, created to relieve drought in the prairie provinces, has been offered to Ducks Unlimited, an or ganization of American sportsmen interested in the improvement of duck breeding grounds in Canada. The offer was made by the Hon. George Spence, director of the Ca nadian government's Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration, and in the opinion of Ducks Unlimited officials, it will give their progress of restoring nesting areas tor migra tory wild fowl Its greatest impetus since work began In the provinces
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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Oct. 13, 1938, edition 1
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