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the Alamance gleaner L LXIV GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, DECEMBER 1, 1938 Weekly News Review ? France Deserts Great Britain To Find Safety With Germany ? By Joseph W. La Bine ? International Appreciating the potency of a strong Rome-Berlin axis. Great Brit ain and France have long sought to keep Germany and Italy divided. Now this clever trick of diplomacy has boomeranged. With Hitler and Mussolini on top of the heap since Munich's peace treaty, the Rome Berlin axis is very successfully building a barrier between London and Paris. Until a few vyeeks ago Great Brit , ain and Germany were compara tively close friends, while Italy bus ted herself hurling insults in the general . direction of London. Now this is changed; the Anglo-Italian "friendship" treaty has been in voked and Prime Minister Cham berlain is willing to grant belliger ent rights to Fascist Spain. During this display of affection, shrewd NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN France no longer needed him. Adolf Hitler has found it convenient to abandon his British friends and turn to France. Thus it was not entirely unexpected when France announced conclusion of a pact with Germany to outlaw war between the two nations and recognize the per manent integrity of present Franco German boundary lines. On the surface this appears to complement the Anglo-Carman "no war" treaty signed secretly by Hit ler and Chamberlain at Munich. A more likely result is that it will cause bickering between France and Britain; by making peace with Berlin, Paris has figuratively aban doned the protectorship of British aristocrats and financiers. At the same time, Britain's new peace with Mussolini arouses the indignation of Fascist-hating Frenchmen, who are now being vilified by the Roman press. Defense Though much talk has been heard of a multi-billion defense program in which the U. S. would place a steel ring around the entire Western hemisphere, President Roosevelt's armament requests are not expect ed to be that big. Closest esti mates now available call for a $1,400,000,000 defense budget for the fiscal year starting next July 1. This would be $350,000,000 more than the current armament appropriation, most of the boost to be spent for army increases. Not only does the war depart ment want to lay plans for mobiliz ing an army of 1,200,000 men within a few weeks, but it also wants to start storing away equipment for this army. Other plans call for in dustrial mobilization education in factories which would be converted to processing of war materials. Still a third phase of preparedness calls for increasing our aviation force to 9,000 planes. Peace organizations are expected to rally against increased arm aments within the next few weeks, arguing that great defense precau tions might lead to offense. There fore the President will probably start publicizing the purpose of his militarization program very soon. Much mora- pertinent to the aver age U. S. citizen is the problem of paying for increased armaments. Though Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau admits that new tax proposals are being held up pending completion of defense plans, it is expected the total budget submitted to congress next Janu ary will run over $8,000,000,000. On this basis, and with anticipated rev enues approximating those of the fiscal year ending last June, a defi cit of about $1,500,000,000 may be expected during the government year starting next July. Armament's share of the new budget must be paid with new taxes, and many congressmen advocate a two-year emergency income tax. This would pile a 10 per cent levy on top of the present income tax and provide $260,000,000 a year. Labor Throughout the U. S. are about 2,500 manufacturing firms who share profits or managerial respon sibility with employees. Proctor It Gamble workers contribute 3 per cent of their wages against a 5 to IS per cent contribution by the man agement (based on seniority) and from this fund employees buy stock. McCormick & Co., Baltimore im porters, not only share profits but organize workers to help run the business under a "multiple manage ment" plan. Such firms, whose number is in creasing yearly, generally have lit tle labor trouble. Example: the American Rolling Mill company of Middletown, Ohio, has never experi enced a labor disagreement in its 38 year&jif operation. Even C. I. O., which organized the bulk of steel plants, was defeated 1,200 to 400 in one American Rolling Mill labor election. If profit-sharing could be extend ed, most U. S. industrialists believe employees would be better satis fied, emnloyment would become less fiuctuantrand our national financial picture would be improved. In Washington, a senate finance sub committee investigating the plan was recently told it would be "an unbeatable defense of the capital istic system." Members of this committee are Michigan's Sen. Arthur Vandenberg and Iowa's Sen. Clyde Herring. Their purpose is to unearth facts about profit-sharing merits and find methods of expanding it. The long range ambition is to make the work ing man more prosperous and more able to bear a share of the U. S. tax load. Thus, by splitting its profits, industry would help itself by win ning a more equitable division of tax burden. But an expansion of profit-sharing must come either voluntarily or through government insistence, and volidtary adoption of the plan by industry would be a long, discour aging battle of coaxing and educa tion, Though neither committee WALTER D. FULLER For depreciation , profit-sharing. member yet advocates it, both Sen ators Vandenberg and Herring have been feeling out sentiment on an "incentive taxation" plan. Under it the government would give tax cred its to profit-sharing concerns, mean while penalizing non-conforming firms. Tax credits might be given on employers' social security pay ments, though the mere mention of such tampering with social security has already aroused protest. Most of the committee's wit nesses have gone on record oppos ing the "incentive tax" because it would impose either reward or pen alty for an employer's decision on a matter which should be entirely voluntary. Loudest supporter has been Walter D. Fuller, president of the Curtis Publishing company, who wants a more liberal tax treatment to stimulate re-employment. He also thinks industrial plant expan sion will follow if employers are al lowed to charge off more on depre ciation than at present. Labor's opinion has been ex pressed by William Green, presi dent of the American Federation of Labor, who naturally favors profit sharing provided it does not tend to replace collective bargaining. This issue may be the battleground on which profit-sharing plans rise or fall, since collective bargaining is based on compulsion rather than co-operation. Before adopting the profit-sharing principle, many indus trialists would demand that the threatening club of organized labor be removed. Politics Since last summer the public has cringed under a barrage of insults and name-calling hurled back and forth between Hep. Martin Dies of the house un-Americanism commit tee and members of the Roosevelt administration. Mr. Dies' favorite enemy in the cabinet has always been Madame Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins, but lately his ap petite has been whetted by conflict with Secretary of the Interior Har old L. Ickes. Alice Lee Jemison, a Yosemite In dian, told Mr. Dies' committee that Mr. Ickes was a member of the Civil Liberties Union. She said that Roger Baldwin, head of the group, once told another congressional committee that the organization up held the rights of aliens to advo cate murder, assassination and the overthrow of the government by force and violence. This charge started the ball roll ing. Admitting membership in the union, Mr. Ickes called Mr. Dies "the outstanding zany in our politi cal history." Answered Mr. Dies: "The secretary's most recent fit of uncontrollable rage only emphasizes his unfitness for the high position he holds. The secretary literally reeks with the venom of hatred. It flows from him as naturally and free ly as water from a spring." As Mr. Dies prepared to release his selection for the "1938 all un American team," the average U. S. citizen was beginning to wonder if the committee's real purpose, to un cover evidence of subversive activi ties, was not being overlooked. ? Potential 1940 presidential nomi nees will be well mulled over before the nominating conventions roll around, but a few straws are al ready in the wind. First: Missouri's new Sen. Bennett Champ Clark, a "middle - of - the - road" Democrat whom many of his partisans would like to see nominated for 1940, has inferred that his ambitions reach no higher than the senate, and that he will not run for the presidency. Sec ond: Republican Alf M. Landon, de feated in 1936, made the following comment at a New York luncheon: "The woods are full of Republicans, but I think there is one outstanding Democrat ? and that is the man just elected for the fourth time as gov ernor of New York." Aviation Because a major U. S. airline has allegedly refused to accept delivery on a new type 33-seat plane, avia tion experts believe the advent of substratosphere commercial air craft will be delayed several years. This happens despite the demon strated practicability of larger ships. It results almost entirely From the public's slowness to accept air travel. Whereas substratosphere ships have four motors and carry 12,000 pounds at a cruising speed of 250 miles an hour, the present 21-passenger ships have but two mo tors and accommodate a considera bly smaller tonnage. Yet airlines estimate only 55 per cent of all available space is being occupied on the smaller ships this year. There fore they are not inclined to operate larger, more expensive aircraft on which the operating loss would be even greater. Foreign The resignation of Premier Bela [mredi's Hungarian cabinet is a di rect result of his failure to obtain the entire eastern half of Czecho slovakia, an aim which was opposed first by Germany, and now by Italy as well. Since Adolf Hitler has de livered flat representations opposing any Hungarian ambitions in the Slo vakian or Carpatho- Ukraine (Ru thenia) districts, the new cabinet is expected to be more closely allied to the German viewpoint. Hitler naturally does not want Hungary to annex Czech territory which would give her a common border with Po land, since that might block Ger many's long-planned "drive to the southeast" through Czechoslovakia. r Trend How the Wind It Blowing MERRY CHRISTMAS? The U. S. will spend at least $1,200,000,000 on this season's Yule gifts, giving Santa Claus his biggest bag since 1929. BOUNDARY BUSINESS? Adolf Hitler's rise to power this year, plus the new imperialism of Ja pan and Italy, has forced map makers to work overtime pre paring new releases. Almost ev ery geography text now in use has been outmoded in the last six months. VICTORY'S PRIOE? Aggression breeds hardship. Poverty-strick en German housewives are not allowed to buy apples or oranges until Christmas. Japan is enforc ing new economies, like decreas ing the content of tobacco pack ages, as part of her "spiritual mobilization" program. Bruckart's Washington Digest Danger of 'Jewish Problem' for United States in German 'Purge' Resentment of American People Aroused by Hitler's Harshness; Opening of Gates to Refugees Might Introduce Disturbing Influence. V By WILLIAM BRUCKART WNC Service, National Presi Bldf., Washington, D. C. WASHINGTON. ? Press service wires and cables and radio from abroad have been clogged for sev eral weeks with hundreds of thou sands of words about the plight of the Jews in Germany; about the abuses visited upon the Jewish race by the European madman, Hitler, and his camp followers; about the humanitarian pleas of our own Pres ident, Mr. Roosevelt, for appease ment of the conditions. There has been what I believe to be one of the greatest waves of emotion, waves of resentful national sentiment, that this ?bun try ever has known. I re call none like it, none as overwhelm ing, none as deep-seated as that through which we have been pass ing, and in my opinion our nation should have resented such outrages. While no one with a heart can fail to grieve to a greater or less extent about the indescribable harshness, the unforgivable meanness of Hitler, it occurs to me that we should begin to temper these waves of emotion somewhat. There are other factors to be considered, factors and conse quences of the thing that is now called "the Jewish problem," that require calm reasoning. In other words, let us say that America is and must remain for Americans, and charity, while it is sweet, can not be exploited, or carried to ex tremes simply because we feel a sadness for a group upon whom an injustice has been sent. Like mil lions of other Americans, I am hope ful that some way will be found to aid the Jews who are being driven out of Germany, but I am unwilling that we, as a nation, shall create additional and unwarranted difficul ties for ourselves by extending a helping hand. Therefore, the United States must not be the goat. It is one thing to render aid. It is quite another thing to inject into our own bloodstream of national life ad ditional elements without knowing what those elements are. After all, the damage is something that we did not cause; the injured are a peo ple who have no knowledge of our way of doing things and may never co-operate with us, and we must prevent being dragged into the oth er fellow's flst fight. "Purge" of German Jew an Exposition of Mad Power I suppose there are very few per sons in the United States who do not believe that Hitler's "purge" of German Jews constitutes a blot upon modern civilization. I know that leading Germans in the United States wish there were ways and means to stop the action. There can be no defense of the outright seizure of $400,000,000 of money from the Jews of Germany under the guise of a "fine" although there is a lesson of warning in it. Like wise, none can convince me that Hitler has kept his underlings free of graft and corruption in this or other dictatorial actions. Those in power in Germany are garnering the gold for themselves ? or else we are witnessing the activities of angels whose purposes we, as hu man beings, are unable yet to un derstand. I do not believe they are angels. The "purge" of German Jews, therefore, must be accepted as the exposition of mad power. Some weeks ago, I had occasion in these columns to talk about the so-called "peace of Munich." I said then that Hitler was not through; that there would be further exhibi tions as he and his henchmen maneuvered this way and that in order to maintain the iron grip of a dictator. The drive on the Jews is a part of that general scheme, a movement to maintain a support for the dictatorship, for, it is known, should Hitler's grasp be broken at any place or at any time, there would be a bloody revolt in Ger many again. Those causes, however, do not help us in the solution of the Jewish problem. The unwanted race is sim ply the victim and a knowledge of how its members have had the suffer ings brought upon them adds little or nothing to the search for a method to protect their lives. Where are they to go? That is the real ques tion. Hitler doesn't care where they go or what happens to them. Some one else has to lead the way. Our nation has joined in that leadership, and rightly so. But we have policies and principles and traditions which must be respected. If, in our eager ness to help the German Jews, we should transgress those established principles, then we, as well as the Jews, will have to pay a penalty. 'Jewish Problem' for United State* Might Be Remit The whole situation is on* which may contain "a Jewish problem" for the United State*. It ia on* oat of which a political i*aue may (tow. It 1* to be remembered that religion became an issue in a presidential election not so many year* ago. That shows that such things can sprout even in the United States. If it happened in the case of the Catholic religion, it can happen in the case of a racial question, es pecially with regard to the Jewish race. We ought not kid ourselves. There are many persons swearing alle giance to the United States who do not like Jews. Those persons may be otherwise good citizens, but they distrust a Jew because he is a Jew, making no distinction between in dividuals. It is stating nothing new to say that there has been almost a steady undercurrent of criticism of Mr. Roosevelt from certain quarters because Jews have been given prominent places in the New Deal. I think it is not stretching the imag ination at all, therefore, to point to the Jewish problem as one that may become involved in politics at some future time, although I hope it nev er does. Mr. Roosevelt has proposed re moval of some of the immigration restrictions as a means of bringing into this country more German Jews than our immigration laws now per mit. In so doing, he verged on poli tics himself. Any one familiar with the debates on immigration policies in the early 1920s must recall the severity ft that battle. Th* issue was whether we, as a nation, were going to be haven for all comers and just hope that they would do things the American way, or whether we should restrict the number coming here to live to a number which could : be absorbed into our national life. Labor unions and most employers favored the restrictions, and when we think of the number of unem ployed in the last Ave or six years ? people fed and clothed by the fed eral government ? it appears that we allowed too many to come in. It seems we could have excluded all of them to advantage. Only Congreu Can Let Down Immigration Bart Behind the scenes of the immi gration restriction also was a deter mination on the part of Senator David A. Reed of Pennsylvania, then a senate power, to prevent in troduction into the United States of all kinds of "isms." The senator foresaw the spread of radicalism by means of entry of the European backwash and rubbish. There was not much discussion of this phase because our government did not want to offend any foreign nation. It was a basic reason, however, and it it too bad that it was not given more public consideration. Fortunately, there can be no change in the number of foreigners admitted from any nation without action by congress. The United States can take only so many ? something like 30,000 a year? of those purged Jews, unless congress amends the law. And when I say it is fortunate that there must be ac tion by congress before there can be a change in policy, I mean no inferences. D-l i. /? nerufcvi l.inci/ id urrait A Disturbing Influence In consideration of whether we ought to let a deluge of refugees enter, I cannot help thinking of a possible spread of trouble. For ex ample, if our definite national posi tion of protest against Hitler's poli cies should bring retaliation, every Jewish refugee allowed in this coun try would be clamoring for the Unit ed States to take revenge on Ger many and Hitler. Their influence would be great becauae they could tell what happened to them and give an idea of what is happening. As far as relations between Ger many and the United States are concerned at the moment, all that can be said is that the United States has let the world know of its dis approval. When Ambassador Wil son was recalled, it was just the same as saying to the world of na tions that Uncle Sam hasn't any respect for Hitler. ? Western Newspaper Union. Speaking of Sports Basketball Hits Top Ranking in American Sport By ROBERT Me8HANE pORTY -SEVEN years af o a eoJ lci? boy invented a fame U Ml np the existing slack between football and baseball seasons. His name? James A. Naismith. The game? baaketball. Back in 1892 young Naismith merely wanted a game that would supply proper exercise to athletes in the winter without the drudgery of ordinary gymnasium routine. He borrowed some rules from rugby, lacrosse and hockey. A loosely knit game to" begin with, K was often played with as many as 40 players on a side. At flrit the inventor experimented with a circle on the ?oor for Us basket, bat the goal tender parked himself In the circle, and scores were impossible. He then tried a hockey net, bat too many points were tallied. Finally the balcony caught his' eye, and he decided to 1 place the basket oat of reach el the combatants. ! Most Popular Sport The Springfield college under graduate then asked the janitor for two boxes to nail to the balcony. Unable to find them, the janitor re turned with two peach baskets. Be cause of that insignificant trifle we have basketball instead of boxball. Forty-seven years later this col lege boy's brainchild is played by H nations and some M,M,IN ath letes. More persons either watch or play It than any other form of athletic activity on the globe. Some statistician once flgared that M.Nt, ?M in a year either shoot baskets or gate on others who do. Has Phenomenal Growth 1 i The sport has had a phenomenal , growth in the past, and its future j possibilities staffer the imagina- ] tion. Basketball is almost a religion , in the Midwest, particularly in In diana, where one tournament drew an entry Ust of HO teams, com posed of 8, COt players and reset-res. | New York's Madison Square Gar den has done much to send basket- I ball rocketing to hitherto untouched < heights. The Garden has become a 1 court Rose Bowl for teams from all < parts of the United States. Ail i^iegro Bout Y\7 HEN Heavyweight Champion " Joe Louis enters the ring Jan uary 27 to meet confident John Hen ry Lewis, it will be the first time the Bomber has met another Negro since April 25, 1935, when he knocked out Roscoe Toles of Flint, Mich., in six rounds. There are numerous reasons why his ring opponents have not been of his own race. Big league Igfct promoters have always been wary of all Negro boats, and have al ways bad a curious prejudice against them. Chief among the rea sons is that a large percentage of fight fans stayed away oat of sheer Champion Joe Louis. indifference to the outcome. Any thing that lessens the (ito receipt! is aaturilly arsenic to promoters. There are other reasons why it ia unusual to see top Negro lighters throwing leather at each other in the nation's big arenas. Far toe many mediocre white ' boys have advanced a long ways through reputations built op by fixed fights. Negro ?ghters, facing inferi or white fighters, have been forced te go into the tank in order to earn the most meager living. Exploited as repatation fodder, they were forced to play ball with all types of promoters and racketeers. t However, the abandon with which two Negroes fought led those pro moters to believe that they had lost their hold on the managerial strings stretching to the fighter. Football Danger pOOTBALL protective equipment, charged with being responsible (or one-quarter of all injuries caused by bodily contact, will go oo trial the latter part of December with the National Football Coaches asso ciation serving as both judge and jury. While many coaches believe that the use of hard aad tmyieldiag equipment constitutes the greatest daager in football, it is Mt Hfcaiy that changes in that eqaipaieat win be drastic. It is argmed. aad rightly so, that the very caw ?f away gridiron accidents is alM ? ftmUt tive factor which keeps waay s player (rem atrial iajary. M - - V i* committee ? a m e d by the NatioBal Football encket' association haa studied tkc equipment nsed by tS major eoOeres throagboat the CbK ed States, and in the near latere will re port the btep e( their server. W. A. Alexander of Geor gia Tech, committee chairman, wfll u They are generally agreed that the present style sole leather head guard is one of the most dangerous at all equipment, and that special pads, assuming the consistency of armor plate, are dangerous. Particular fault is found with the type of shoe cleat which ?Jt?? on to a metal post, extending front the shoe sole. When this cleat is broken off and the post exposed, it easily become the cause of cuts or painful Whea less daage equipment is food. will afford safety to tree as dw then both eaaches aad players ?? welcome it. Elmer Layden of Notre Dane has devised what is probably the bat Football helmet from a viewpoint at lafety. The Layden head guard has i soft leather top, cushioned with foam rubber on a sturdy fiber case. It win be used in many colleges luring the coming year. Fuel for the Debate Statistics regarding games in the two major last season merely furnish addi tional ammunition to baseball fans who argue the relative strength at the two circuits. There were 1M the two leagaes, O to the Na tnd 47 ia the American. That still doesn't prove anything to leagwe en thusiasts. National leagwe sap pit en have the shutout records to back ap claims that their leagwe excels ia first rate pitching. Amer ieaa league faas argue that there are more powerhoase staggers in that league, aad have the same fig. ore to support their coeteabee. Meanwhile the argument con tinues, with both sides using the same statistics to prove their C Western Newspaper Union. r 1 Pocket Billiards By CHARLES C. PETERSON President. National Billiard Association of America and World's Trick Shot Champion. Lesson No. 7. This diagram is the Irst iclul rut shot u4 break. To make this shot requires sbso ute accuracy in striking the object jail H right. In order to keep your me ball from hurdling or jumping he table, keep continually alert >n holding your cue level. Sine* striking a cue ball below the center vill keep it on the table, I would idvise that you strike your cue ball slightly below center. The most (taring fault of novice players, when he object ball is near a cushion, is o elevate the butt of the cue. Ibis d the majority of cases causes the rue ball to leave the tebte.
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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Dec. 1, 1938, edition 1
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