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The Alamance Gleaner ? Vol LXV GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, MARCH 23, 1939 ~ No. 7 'Weekly Hews Analysis Europe Watches Tiny Ruthenia For Next Step in German March By Joseph W. La Bine-? 0 BERLIN POXAND \ 0 WARSAW 'GERMANY 'CZECHIA' SLOVAKIA CARPATHO HITLER'S PATH TO Ora?MpraUcttrat?r rrt- UKRAINE THE UKRAINE aJ??C AUrtS WHEAT. FIKLPI? | ,>,?tn|u, bytfa.RacA ?tro^F pro-Nul Hitler igta ?u AUorp m. ^ . . Populace anti-Naei. Populace charted old u? br Hungary. ?*kh I Prague lovcraiMat would |irra Me i ii?? ^ ~7W 7 wfchurfHrrula. PnBah-Mia^ri?i bar AT / der and poanfatjr block / J Gcrmeay't Onv. to tlx / HUNGARY /RUMANIA WWW ?*? tTTcPPO? / THE DISMEMBERED CORPSE OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA Mr. Chamberlain imsa'i interested in the funeraL Europe bSn^l"w?,T "' 20? Z?A "J WorU "w opportunity tuc cum6ed snclun of it, own unnatural Adolf Hitler might place that in scription on the national tombstone of a nation he snuffed out. Partial ly he would be right. But Czecho slovakia's "unnatural unity" might nave become natural had not the names of discontent been fanned by Berlin and Vienna. Immediate cause of death was a Slovakian in dependence movement, but good in ternational physicians look behind the immediate cause to make their pou mortem decision, finding that Czechoslovakia's death agony con forms with diagnoses made through ??out its short life: Birth: On May 30, 1918, Czecho slovakia was born at Pittsburgh, a- Attending physician was Thom M G. Masaryk, a modern qeorge Washington who pooled the causes of two depressed peoples.. Until the war Czechs were dominated by Aus tria and Slovaks by Hungary. What could be more natural than a joint independence declaration? Though Czechs dominated the ne gotiations, shrewd Doctor Masaryk foresaw trouble if Slovaks were mis treated. Said the Pittsburgh pact: Slovakia shall have its own admin istration . . parliament . . . bT^fLiT16 Sl0V^ langua*e shall be official . . . But not until November. 1938, did German pres sure force the central Prague gov ernment to grant Slovaks an auton omy which had been denied because of changing conditions." Illness. Pride may keep the pa tient from admitting his ill health, but sometimes the body builds phvt ical resistance to a point where the ailment becomes unimportant. Slo r?~.t * CT has been the Czech nation s headache for 20 years but meanwhile both Slovaks and Czechs fdund enough mutual delight in their newly won democracy to keep the autonomy movement well under cover. Even this novelty can wear off, however, and by 1938 Czechs, Slovaks, Sudeten Germans, Ruthenians, Hungarians, Poles, Ukrainians and Rumanians each found cause to complain of racial discrimination. This was the era of national unity, when Adolf Hitler ?*" .rescui,M" all good Germans ' from foreign flags, and when Poland i Hungary and Rumania followed the B^rhn IaSt sumn'er p"'''?1' A' Munich a defeated government-deserted by London and Paris-ceded Sudeten !?nd. A month later Poland and Hungary each took their share hut debilitated Czechoslovakia ~ "-cew^Tm^: icme was autonomy tor both Slo *'*"> "P? Ruthenia. which gave the patient rest if not recovery. An * Death. (See Map). That Adolf Hit- I ler hopes eventually to control Rus fj* ?"cb Ukraine is no secret. Since Munich his ov*rlordahip in Czecho slovakia has aimed in that direc tion.. Both Slovakia and Carpatho Ukraine (Ruthenia) held the father of their autonomy in high regard willing that he should build,toward the day when German troops coSd use Czechoslovakia as a corridor to the Ukraine. But one weak?? ? fL10 handl* than three young upstart nations, hence Hitler ??ed autonomy to independeST He also toped Hungary woafcj dare notgrab Ruthenia to get its border w.th poIand gince ^ ^ the Ukraine drive. Always an opportunist, Der Fuehr er made the most of overnight de velopments. Slovakia revolted against Prague. Carpatho-Ukraine declared its independence and was immediately gobbled up by Hungary and Rumania. Remembering that Bismarck once said "he who con trols Bohemia is master of Europe," Germany forced what was left of Czechoslovakia (Bohemia and Mo ravia) into the Reich. Slovakia was granted "independence." The op eration having been successful, the patient died as expected. In Memoriam. Only a few days earlier London and Paris were boasting that dictator appeasement was ended, that democracy's star was rising and totalitarianism's fall ing. Prime Minister Chamberlain and Home Secretary Sir Samuel Hoare even proposed a disarmament parley, showing their blissful igno rance of the situation. When Prague collapsed. France and Britain bland ly declared it was no concern of theirs because (1) the Czech guar antee had never been ratified and (2) anyway, this was "internal dis ruption," not "unprovoked aggres sion." The real reason was far more cunning, though it could be inter preted only as a continuation of the modern Anglo-French disincli nation to face issues squarely. Eu rope's democracies realize that Italy would never push her Mediterranean demands against France without German help, and digestion of his new conquests will keep Der Fuehr er busy for some time. But?most important?Germany moved its the ater of activity away from western Europe and toward the borders at . DICTATOR STAliN Whither Hitler after PragueT hostile Russia. France and Britain forlornly hope Hitler will march blindly into the Ukraine, engaging Russia in a war which might spell death tor both Naziism and Com munism. But both Hitler and Russia's Jo septa Stalin are probably too smart to invite such chaos. Even as Hitler marched into Prague the eighteenth Communist congress was meeting in Moscow. Dictator Stalin sent a prominent Ukrainian delegate to the platform with this unpleasant message: "Whoever dares ... cut our frontiers will be destroyed like a mad dog." Careful observers see one of three solutions. Bsted in order of likeli hood: (1) Hitler will reconcile dif ferences with Russia via a trade and military pact holding fearful bnpli cations for world democracies: 12) the entire Russ German issue will be dropped, blocked by Polish-Hun garian-Rumanian unwillingness to surrender Ruthenia as a .Oetman path to the east; (3) a middle-Eu rope campaign will be started to nationalize all Ukraine*. inevitably leading to a Ruas-German war. Congress Said Virginia's Rep. Clifton Wood nun, house economy leader who was ousted as head of the relief subcom mittee: "I have not changed my be lief that the amount appropriated was sufficient to carry WPA through the year. However, I am open to conviction." Answered President Roosevelt, who has repeated his request for $150,000,000 more WPA funds: "The responsibility . . . rests . . . with congress." Spending is the woe of most U. S. senators and representatives, yet the early March economy bloc which threatened to wreck administra tion financial plans has already reached an amazingly effective stalemate. Reasons: (1) by plac ing responsibility for an economy inspired business slump on congress' shoulders, President Roosevelt washes his hands of the conse quences, thereby causing constitu ent-wary legislators to backwater; (2) both the President and congress realize that while the legislative branch will fight new spending pro posals, the White House can simi larly exercise veto power over anti New Deal legislation. Facts of the impasse: Debt. Mr. Roosevelt is willing to drop his request for a boost in the public debt limit from $45,000,000,000 to $50,000,000,000. But the alterna i tives, offered by Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau Jr.. are SECRETARYMOKGENTHAE His alternatives scare uninviting. little more inviting:, (1) increase the bond limit over its present $30,000,000,000 to be reached by Sep tember 30; (J) borrow funds for the treasury through Reconstruction Fi nance corporation or other agencies not falling within the general bud get's scope; (3) issue $3,752,000,000 in notes and bills, all that remains before the $15,000,000,000 limit is reached on these types of securities. Taxation. Though repedl of capi tal gains and undivided profits levies is a major congressional aim this session, the normal tax yate must then be boosted unless a substantial budget slash is effected. The new burden would fall most heavily on the smaller 153,000 firms out of some 200,000 corporations which pay fed eral taxes. Relief Though $750,000,000 in de ficiency funds were voted la Febru ary to maintain WPA until June 30. the President has twice requested restoration of the remaining $150, 000.000 on pain of discharging 1,200, 000 .workers. White Rouse estimate: If the $150,000,000 is not forthcom ing, 400,000 must be dropped April 1, another $00,000 May 1, another 200,000 in June. HeaMin&rs LUIGI CAOiftttL MAttlJONE The new, 03-year-old papal sec retary of state i* a lifelong friend and one-time classmate of the former EUgenio Cardinal Pacelli. v h o appointed him after being elevated to the poet of Pope Pius XII. Ordained in 1901 in his native Rely, Cardinal Maglione imme- I diately entered the Vatican's dip lomatic service, going to Switzer MifUone 1920 aa archbishop of Cbesaria His, first nunciature was fci Switz erland but It wSa in Pfifibc* that be gained such apprechtfSon that he won the "Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor. In IKfe, when created a cardtial, he.received his biretta from the haMM of the h?^n^^eM^id!5> the appointment to the papal state ?2^VvSSS?r^S: lied string portion concerning to talitarian states, since the Italian pleasure over the appointment .? ? ' .. . i .... '?-} ' .. Brackart't Washington Digest National Union Endangered by Trade Barriers Between States Bootlegging of Milk and Cream Calls Attention to Condi tion That Has Become Flagrant; Proper Government Functions Used to Accomplish Unscrupulous Ends. By WILLIAM BRUCKART WNU Service, National Press Bid*., Washington, D. C. WASHINGTON.?City officials and newspapers of Washington, D. C., have worked themselves into a ter rible dither lately over a new kind of bootlegger?a bootlegger of milk and cream. This city, like every other city, has tight regulations con cerning milk and cream that en ters the national capital. They are regulations designed to protect the health of those who reside here. Moreover, maintenance of such reg ulations are an entirely proper func tion of government, because there can be nothing more important than health. According to the charges filed and upon which arrests were made, a dairy four or five hundred miles from Washington, inspected and li censed by the state of its location, brought in a truck load of refrig erated cream without first having obtained a permit to do so'. The city officials, prodded perhaps by local dairies and nearby milk producers, threw a couple of men into jail and barked and squawked all around the place because of this bootlegger. The local press reports indicated the city officials had made asses of themselves over the whole matter, but that is of no particular concern to this discussion. The incident is very important as illustrative of a condition that is rapidly endangering the national un ion of states, and is, therefore, a matter for analysis here. Frequent ly, great national issues lie around, or are kicked around, for months before somebody inadvertently sets a match to the powder; and it hap pened to be local officials who struck the match. Barrier* to Trade Between States Hat Become Flagrant The thing called to national at tention by the cream bootlegger is the existence through the nation of barriers or obstacles to trade be tween the states. It has become fla grant. Selfish interests have been operating, first, in one state; then, in another. Laws have been passed utilizing proper government func tions to accomplish unscrupulous ends. These have bred retaliatory measures. Other states have passed laws to "get even" with those acting ahead. State officials, state trade and civic organizations have threat ened, and have been threatened right back, until now we have throughout the United States thou sands of people sticking out their | tongues in the most childish fashion at other thousands of people. Each ' group saying in sign language or otherwise: "you're another." It is serious business, and there is no doubt in my mind but what the condition bodes ill for national unity. It takes no expanded imagination to think of the time when we might have 48 little nations, snarling and i frothing at the mouth as crudely, and quite"as unintelligently, as they do throughout Europe. Now, it is one thing, and a very proper thing, to use regulations for the preservation of health, for the protection of property, for the sup port of government, or governmen tal policy. It is quite another, and dastardly, thing to make use.of those regulations to prevent the flow of commerce and the products of farm and factory. It is such things as that from which monopoly is made. If the now rather ill-famed monopo ly investigation is worth its salt (which it has not demonstrated thus far), it could demonstrate its value by examining into trade barriers be tween states. Proper Legal Power Uted, Bat It It Uted SeUUhly Representative Halleck of Indiana has been engaged for weeks in dig ging up facts about these trade bar riers. He tokl me the other day that he intends to try to break them down, either by constitutional amendment or by national statute. There are plenty of difficulties con fronting him, he admits, because all of these things have been done by using entirely proper legal power, but by using it selfishly. To illustrate, Mr. Halleck referred to that oft-repeated asserMm mat' "the power to tax is the power to destroy." Indeed, it is I The power to tax for government revenue is, and always has been, used. But there are many instances of record where that taxing power was em ployed to levy such high rates ef tax that the tax collector took every thing produced. The business was destroyed. And ft is (he same thinly disguised use of proper power that is getting the nation into an awful mess, now. This choking of trade ia going on despite the constitutional provision which says emphatically that no state may levy tariffs against importations from other states. The bright law makers, and their henchmen, have got around that in thi maimer mentioned above. Mr. Halleck supplied some facts to show how widespread the condi tion has become. He mentioned, moreover, that the nation is so blan keted with a variance of laws on most subjects that it seems almost a hopeless job to untangle them. For example, there are 170 differ ent state laws dealing with the la belling and grading of farm prod ucts. A good ear of com in one state won't be recognized as" a good ear of corn in another. My friend, the ordinary Irish potato may be ac cepted as No. 1 in one state, and find himself as No. 3 in another. States Differ at to What Constitutes a Track Load Take another and less known con dition?less known because fewer people come in contact with It, but it enters into the cost of the things you buy, just the same. I refer to state laws about load limits of trucks. I don't have any love for trucks; they are so doggoned big these days that I want to take to the timber when I see one of them coming head-on along the highway. But they have rights. Yet, there are no two states as far as I can learn that have the same regulation about the size of a truck's load. The trucks can be regulated because they use the highways, and yet one state says 120,000 pounds is a load and another state says 18,000 pounds is a load. The others have laws specifying a load at varying sizes in between, and there you are! Just what is a load, anyway? The truth at the matter is that local interests are to blame in most cases. The whole thing seems a bit in congruous to me. Here, on the one hand, Mr. Cordell Hull, the very able and valuable secretary of state, has been moving heaven and earth to get rid of trade barriers between nations. Reciprocal trade treaties, he calls his method. Some of them seem to work badly, and some oth ers appear to be producing results, but no one knows yet whether the whole system should be kept or thrown out. That question does not belong here. It is the national pol icy of breaking down obstacles. Jar ring loose log- jams, so that our products may move Into other na tions that is important to be consid ered when within our own bounda ries every known means is being used to block shipments and sales between states. I cannot figure it out unless some folks are strict fol lowers of the Biblical injunction not to let the left hand know what the right hand doeth. National Government Policy To Blame for Condition* I have been wondering, therefore, what had actuated the aelflsh inter est* of the country to start on thia spree of battling among themselves. ? There must have been some reason behind that. At least, I have come to believe there is. I believe that the condition fundamentally springs from national government policy which for years now has been in the direction of destroying the rights of individual states. Little by little, the federal government has torn away the rights of the states?and the states, with pain reduced by fed eral money, have permitted it. Suddenly, however, the states and their citizens have discovered their whole jurisdiction is enveloped in creeping paralysis. We have all noted resentment in the last few years at the encroachment of Ind eral regulation upon individual rights and freedom. When these things were realized by the rank and file of the people, there devel oped a new disease as a counter irritant, the disease of knocking the other fellow off. It will take more than socialized medicine to correct 1 it. The national government's poli cies, having started H, trill have to 1 assume the blame and will have to I And a way to remedy the condition. I hope Mr. Halleck. and those to ' has enlisted to help him, can find the i proper prescription for the cures ' Speaking of Sports Mack, 76, Still Cagiest Pilot in Major Leagues By ROBERT McSHANE '"THOUGH every sport boasts of at A least a baker's dozen "Grand Old Men," baseball's one and only dean of managers is Connie Mack, 76-year-old Irishman who began his colorful diamond career back in Mack?abbreviation oI Cor nelias MeGiniraddy?started catch ing for Washington more than a half century ago. His first Job as manager came in 1894 when he took charge of the Pirates. After three years he Joined Milwaukee, la 19*1 he went to Philadelphia as part own er and manager of the Athletics, and is the only manager that team has ever had. The brainiest, most articulate manager of today, Connie has {ricked an all-time all-star baseball team, with the statement: "There have been many great ball players and the team I pick may CONNIE MACK Dot necessarily be the best team of alL It is merely my idea of the best team." His infield Includes Jimmy Fexx, first base; Eddie Cellini, second base; Bonus Warner, shortstop, and Jimmy Collins, third base. Connie's choice of outfielders: Tris Speaker, Babe Rutb and Ty Cobb. Christy Mathewsau heads the list of Us pitching stair, supplemented by Babe Waddell, Walter Johnson. Jack Coombs, Lefty Grose and Chief Bender. To Connie Mack, Mickey Coch rane was the greatest catcher of all time, followed by Bill Dickey. Oth ers meriting a place on his dream team were Lou Gehrig, A1 Sim mons, Ed Delehanty, Amos Strunk, Stuffy Mclnnis, and Joe Cronin. The old master is credited as be ing the greatest developer of talent in baseball's history. His name brings to mind such players as Jim my Dykes, Foxx, Eddie Plank, Chief Bender and the extremely eccentric Rube Waddell. He isn't ready to retire. Despite his 78 years, be has his heart set on winning one more pennant. That would write finis to a long and suc cessful career. His Last Year? |T DOESN'T take a particularly 1 close observer to note that Lou Gehrig, one of the greatest first basemen of all time and iron man of baseball, will probably wind up his big league career this season. Larruping Lou is new M years old, and even the toughest of men must ultimately bow to time. He has been circling the bases for the past If years, II of them with the Tsnkeee. He had run his string of consecutive season games to 2,123 when the Yankees finished last season, before their third straight world series tri umph. It Is one of the greatest rec ords la baseball history, and may stand forever, as physical hasards have increased with a faster game. Sure signs that the veteran was slipping came last year when his batting average dropped to JOS, the lowest it has ever been since 1923, his first season with the Yanks. Never had it gone below .300 since his rookie year. It was then Outfielder Tommy Henrich started getting a bit of first base practice, though not enough to alarm Loo. Things are different this season. Manager McCarthy is openly looking to r a first base suc cessor to Lou, and is in possession of five audi candidates. They are Tommy Henrich, Ed Levy, Fred Collie, Ken Seers and Babe Dahl gren. It won't be a happy day when Iron Ilea Lou missis his first complete ? lame. And it's not en easy task to > find a man who cuh take the place . ft the greet Gehrig. Jock Resigns "THOUGH the resignation of Dr. 1 John Bain (Jock) Sutherland as head football coach at the Univer sity of Pittsburgh came at a time when attention centered on baseball spring training camps, H neverthe less was hi the sports limelight. Builder of great football teams and maker of all-Americans, Suth erland had coached at Pitt for 14 years. Most of his Meads stated that the tar be! cut history of athlet ics st the school daring the past two years was the cans# of Mo resignation. Jamea Hagan's appointment aa Pitt athletic director in 1937 was followed by a series of reforms to purify athletics. Later followed Chancellor John G. Bowman's code which cut athletic scholarships, pushing Pitt toward athletic medi ocrity Unquestionably constant bickering with officials and player# alike hastened Sutherland's decision. In 1927, 1929. 1932 am) 1937 his Pitt teams played in the Rooe Bowl at Pasadena. Calif. He won the last game, defeating Waxhfcgtcn 21 to 0. In 1927 Stanford won 7 to 6. The second game saw Southern Cal ifornia win 47 to 14, and in 1932 Southern California defeated the Panthers 35 to D. His coaching ability Is reflected by his record. His teams wen the eastern championship sight times, ?nee st Lafayette, where he for merly coached, and seven times if Pitt. His sU-tfhe record at Lafay ette was S3 victories, eight defoafo sad two ties, and 111 victories, ti detests sad 12 ties at Pitt. Of the 199 games played, his tssem have won 144, lost 28 and tied 14. Sutherland hhi'made no secret of prospects for a mediocre team in 1939. Freshman sqaad ranks were depleted through ineligibility, and 11 regulars were loot to this year's team. Sport Shorts \/t OUNT HOOD.?ORE., is the scene of America's longest tid ing season. An annual tournament | lshcid thero in Hcwrember and an international down hill race late in JiiAe . . . Johnny Weias muller won a "fa vorite athletes" poll of Northwestern'! swimming team , , . Gabby Haftnett, manager of the Cube, is In his best physical shape fat 10 years, weighing only 208 pounds .... Lucky Larson, ( Navy's new football iabbjBartiMtt coach, i* a stamp collector ... The University of Nebraska's base ball team is preparing to make a playing tour of California . . . Tony Musto, Chicago's heavyweight light er. quit a Job as grocery clerk to enter the ring . . . Freddy Hutchin son, Detroit's recruit Hurler from Seattle, is soother Pacific coast idot . . . Charles Bowen, business man ager at University of mttois athlet ics. has been elected president at the Champaign chamber of com merce .- . . Purdue has won or divided the Western conference bas ketball championship 13 times since the spot was adoptkl on a confer ence wide bails in 1913 . . . Jack Dempsey's horse. Dr. WUsdu. woo $10,000 on a side bet for his owner in a New Year's race at Tie Jumna. Mexico, in 193$. Lasting Popularity On September 33, 103$. Jack Dempsey lost the heavyweight championship of the world to Gene Tunney. Though it has been IS years since be held pugilism's top ranking. Dempsey continues to capiMJat am his boxing reputation. Appearing as a non-combatant, Dempsey still packs in the crowds. The Manaasa Mauler today is more at a drawing card than most heavyweight con tenders. Ring followers attribute his popu larity to two reasons: First, the "long count" at Chicago. Numerous fans thought that Dempsey won the fight, thus it established him as a* martyr. Second, Dempeey actually enjoys mixing with fans who want his autograph, who want to shake hands with hilh, add Who demand so much of his time. The former champ la always available for an interview, and his colorful personality have made him newsworthy copy for-a generation. V? He is smart la giving out inter views He refuses to talk on mat ters of which be is not .familiar. Though his ring prognostications are often in error, he doesn't make the customary mistake of furnishing ali bis for hfc prophetic mistakes. Ha merely keeps silent, and by keeping Silent escapes the criticism which ^ bfliSbM^^^^opd. wffl, i
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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March 23, 1939, edition 1
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