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The Alamance Gleaner VoL LXV , GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, AUGUST 31, 1639 N* 80 WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS BY HENRY W. PORTER Roosevelt Appeals to Germany And Poland to Try for Peace; England and France Mobilize (EDITOR'S NOTE?When opinion* are expressed in Okm columns, they ore Aim of the news analyst and not necessarily sf this newspaper.) by Western Newspaper Union, la ? desperate effort to avert the heleeaast ai war which threatens to enoM Europe, President Roosevelt appealed directly to Chancellor Adolf ?Bier of Germany and President Icnace MoscieU to I ill Shi treat hostilitK lac. a "reasonable and stipulated period" and attempt to settle their difference by 1. Direct negotiation, 2. Submission of these controver sies to 3a impartial arbitration in which they can both have confi dence, or 3. Agree to the solution of these controversies through the procedure of conciliation, selecting as concili ator or moderator a national of one of the traditionally neutral states of Europe, or a national of one of the American republics which are all of them free from any connection with or participation in European political affairs. EUROPE: Near the Abyss Through the doorway of. historic 10 Downing street stepped lfevilla Chamberlain, prim# minister of Great Britain, dressed in somber black add more grave-faoed than ha has beea for months. Not even the cheers of the crowd which fined the streets as he matt ins wag is Am Parliament building, drove the gloom from his features. Standing in the house of called in emergency session far the eighth time since the World war, the premier, twisting his hands and apeaMag in a strained voice, mad! a ipsech. heard by millions of lis teners all over the world. No long er aa "appeaser," Neville Cham berlain told the members of Phra NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN "Imminent peril ef urn.' ment that Germany was "is a con dition of complete raadinnat for war," that Great Britain found it self "faced with imminent peril at war," and that a German attack on ' Poland would mean certain and im mediate war. "The understanding we gave Po land was given before any agree ment was talked of with Russia, and it was net in any way depend ant en any such agreement being reached," he said. "How can we, with honor, go back on an obliga tion which we had so often and plainly repeated?" As he went on in a cold, firm voice reviewing the treaties which "formally define our obligations but do not in any way alter, add to or subtract from obligations of mutual assistance which have already been accepted" his listeners realized that he was telling them that Britain would go through with the present crisis to the bitter end, even if that end meant war. And the men who beard him, "appeasers" who had cheered his other "crisis announce ment" that he was flying to Munich to talk to Adolf Hitler, now cheered his pledge that there would be no "appeasement" now. Meanwhile the ominous tramp, tramp, tramp of armed men was sounding in other countries direct ly involved in the crisis. In Poland $00,000 more men were mobilized, ' bringing the total force under arms ?p to 1,700,000. In France 2,000,000 men were called to the colors. On this side of the Atlantic Presi dent Roosevelt cut short his North Atlantic fishing cruise and hurried back to Washington to confer with Secretary of State Cordell Hull and Undersecretary Sumner Welles. His first step was to send a personal message, via Ambassador William Phillips, to King Vittorio Emanuel at Italy expressing the hope that the king would find some way at exerting his influence in behalf of the maintenance of peace. Five hour* later Pope Piue XII, supreme heed of the Catholic church, went an the air with an ur gent appeal for peace. Twelve hours before Great Brit ain's parliament met in emergency session to give Nev ille Chamberlain dic tatorial and war time powera, anoth er meeting was bald in the masaivo wailed Kremlin in Moscow. Its purpose was to put the Unit ing touches an an act which had brought Europe to the brink Ihn iiVan n rvt war Ktbbe op Qiief figures at this meeting were Joachim voe Ribben trop, German foreign miniBtar, ami ViachagUv U. Molotov, Soviet pre mier and foreign commisar They were there to sign and seal in the presence of Dictator Stalin the non i siini pact between tbeir coud tries, a secretly negotiated agree ment which provid ed tme tl the moot sensational political developments in Eu rope since the World war. Onder its terms, these two na tions which have been biltflr enemies for years, have agreed not to go to nffiav ##!?> at laaet tfl ye?n uiMtw 'Mot only did it free Germany fran fear of havaig to light main on the eastern ea well as the western front, as she did in the World war, but it put an end to British end French hopes of palling Russia to Join them in a tri-power alliance to "stop Hitler." Instead it gave him the "go ahead" signal for his plana for the dismemberment of Poland and it meant that if England kept her pledge to defend Poland, she and her ally across the English flannel would have to do it without the wpport of the Soviet's 2,900,000 soldiers and thousands of planes. That is the unmistakable meaning of Article 4 of the non-aggression pact which stated that "Neither of the two contracting parties will par ticipate in any grouping of powers which directly or indirectly is point ed against the other party to this agreement." Little wonder, thea, that Germany should hail this cotg> as the gieatest in a series of diplo matic triumphs by Der Fuehrer. PAN-AMERICAN: Argentinian Trade To compete with the trade of "certain European coantries" which have been "developing at our ex pense" end to remove the greatest single obstacle to a united front in ike U/eefem k*mi?lk*rP (Kn TTntthil States will soon sign ? reciprocal trad* agreement with Ar gentina. Announce ment of this plan was made in Wash - ington this week by Sumner Welles, Met ing secretary of state, who said that the negotiations wouia oegm n once. ?___ w-n Characterizing this Banner ea M "a welcome con structive step in these unhappy times," Diplomat Welles let it be known that preliminary discus sions, which practically guarantee the agreement going through, have been completed. When it does go through Uncle Sam will have of fered his strongest inducement, the enlargement of mutual trade, to conciliate a nation which had stood at the other extreme of Latin Amer ica in policy as well as geography. Next to Canada, Argentina was the most important trade outlet for the United States in the Western hemisphere during the past year with its imports from this country valued at more than twice its ex ports to its northern neighbor. No less important than enlarging this trade outlet is the fact that this new agreement may forge another link in Pan-American resistance to totalitarian doctrines. AGRICULTURE: MUk Strike Off New York city housewives are get tins milk again for their children after a nine-day "drouth" but they are paying % of a cent a quart more for it. After two days of negotiation brought about by mcijur p ivreuo j_>a Guardia, the strike of the upstate dairy farmers came to an end when the C. I. 0. ? supported Dairy Farmers' union vot ed at Utica to accept the compromise of fered by the New York Metropolitan Distributors organ! zation. The compromise * provided (or a blended price to farmers of $2.15 per 100 pounds (47 quarts). The dairymen's union orig inally demanded $2.39 a hundred weight instead at the $1.50 they had been getting. Two increases in price already had been made since the recent res toration of federal-state marketing control under orders set up by Sec retary Henry A. Wallace. FAR EAST: Japan Says 'ISoT Insisting that the econemic ques tions at Tientsin are "purely Brit ish-Japanese," the Japanese foreign office has rejected a British sugges tion that other powers be called in to discuss the question. This rejec tion was Nippon's answer to British rejection of the Japanese conten tion (hat Chinese silver deposited in toreiyi concession hanks should be turned over to Japan and that Brit iftb gufiport of jn??f national cur rency be withdrawn. The British had advanced the view that since economic questions concerned other nations, "all parties to the nine power and other treaties must be given an opportunity to express their views." Although the Japanese statement rejected this suggestion, it was careful not to close the doer to fur ther discussions of issues growing out e< Japan's blockade <t the Tint sin ennressinn Meanwhile the kill ing of two pro-Japanese Chinese po licemen and the wounding of six others by a British policeman in Shanghai threatened to develop into another major incident in Japaneaa relations. Announced the Japanese embassy: "We take a grave view of this affair." DOMESTIC: Silver Shirts on Parade A tale of visits with German aad Italian embassy officials in Well ington, of conferences with Fritz Knhn. German-American Bund lead er, of making arrangements with a group at Ardbedo picket a Washing - ton hotel where a Jewish meeting was being held was unfolded this week before the Dies committee in vestigating un-American activities in the United State*. It was told by Henry D. Allan of Pasadena. Calif., formerly motive in the Stiver Shirts of America and one of the ' sponsors of the American White Guard, short-lived successor to the Silver Shirts in southern California. Mora dramatic than the appear ance on the witness stand of the HE NET D. ALLEN Had Arab* Pick*. Californian, who testified that the purpose of the organizations be represented was to "fight Jewish Communism," was the threat of the | committee to prosecute 37-year-old Frasfcr Gardner of Washington whom they accused of seeking a job as a committee investigator in order to spy on its activities. Gard ner first denied that he had any connection with William Dudley Pel ley of Asheville. N. C., leader of the Silver Shirts, but when confronted with evidence that be was receiving 150 a week from Skyland Press, Pelley's publishing bouse, he cried: "As God is my judge and may I never leave this seat, the Skyland Press, PeDey or any of the people connected with him know of my ap plication to this committee." Un convinced, the committee asked tor action by the United States attor ney. Brackarf? Washington Digest President Hits Top in Precedent Breaking in Thanksgiving Change Stirs Up More Comment Than Any Statement Ever Emanating From a Chief Executive; Element of Un certainty Injected Is What Makes It Harmful. By WILLIAM BRUCKART WNU Service, National Preaa Bldf., Waahiaften, O. O. WASHINGTON.?President Roose velt's ability to keep things stirred up has been demonstrated numer ous times since his accession to the White House. He seems to have a highly developed penchant for doing foe unexpected. He calls it "prece dent breaking." The results have been varied, although it strikes me that more of the "breaks" have been against him in recent months than when he first began to break prece dents as President in 1933. It appears, however, that Mr. Roosevelt reached a new peak in precedent breaking when he changed the date of our annual Thanksgiving day. Probably no statement ever forthcoming from a Chief Executive stirred up as much comment?un less perhaps it was the famous statement by Calvin Goolidge that "I do not chmst to sum" Time, Mk. Roosevelt moved the date only one giving day, Thursday. .November 23, instead of November M. The effect was the seme, however, whether the change wag one week or am month. Next mm, he yTnpnsm that the date should be moved forward an other week so that thereafter the date upon which we nay homage to God, as a nation, will lie the second Thursday far November, instead of the last Thursday of the mouth. In announcing his plan, the Presi dent said he was desirous of rear ranging the November holiday so that "holidays will be more evenly spaced." There is Later day oa the first Monday in September; them are no national holidays in October; Thanksgiving day in November and Christmas day near the end of De cember. 80, Mr. RoooeveM said it seemed better to move Thanksgiv ing day a tat forward. His action, he explained, was taken after many business men bad urysd it as a means of giving more tima for Christmas shopping. It is well known that shoppers do not really get going in their Christmas buy ing until after Thanksgiving day, end Mr. Roosevelt said the change miatrt an read out the usual rush. Thank*giving Day Chang* Stirs Up Unasaal Commaat Whatever the reason for the chance, the announcement broke out all of the hissing steam that was pent up. Business interests here and there tried vninty to show a united front. But that was impos sible because retailers disagreed as to its possible benefits. There was 1 no disclosure bp the President at the identity of those business inter ests he had consulted Some lines of trade felt that terrific damage had been done them and their shouts were angTy. Religious groups have remained silent, as organisations, but their individual members have had unpleasant things to say about the change. Altogether, the picture seems to show a bad reaction throughout the nation. Let us look at tbe thing, how ever, from a practical standpoint: Mr. Roosevelt mad# Ms announce ment without consulting the state department. If be bad sought ad vice there, be would have learned that a presidential proclamation can be enforced only in the District at Columbia and the territories at the United States. No State needs pay any attention to a White Bouse proc lamation unless it desires to do so. Hnnc# the declaration that Thank* giving day shall be November 23, 1839, is binding only upon us folks here in Washington, and those in Alaska, Puerto Rico and Hawaii There are 11 states that'have taws fixing Thanksgiving day for the last Thursday in November of each year. Their legislatures are not in ses sion. They will not be called into session again before the forthcom ing Thanksgiving day. Which day will they celebrate and praise God for the blessings He has given them? There is no national statute fix ing the date. It is a traditional ceremonial day, a day which, to Americans, means actually the con nection between our economic life and the Almighty Power that guided our nation from its inception, the link between material things and religion. Araaeee Fear That All Oar People Are Beats Regimented Mr. Roosevelt surely could not have guessed the repercussions, the backfire, that has greeted his ass nouncement and that has continued in unabated fury. The politicians seized upon it for some of the dirti est wisecracks I ever have heard. I heard one that really warrants repetition here. The remark re called that King George, on his re cent visit to North America, reset his birthday so that it could be cel ebrated while he was in Canada? that being a prerogative of a king and emperor. The question was then propounded whether our President contemplated a flexible holiday schedule that would permit celebra tion of events whenever the White House thought national morale waa low. There is more to that remark than just a laugh. Behind the thought is an indication of a fear that all of our people are being regimented, told when to shout or when to weep, when to work and when to play, what to eat and what to wear and not to think, but to obey. Of course, it is an exaggerated viewpoint; it is not ao enagverated, however, that it is not poasiMi of attainment. It is to be remembered that the peo ple of Russia, and then of Italy and then at Germany have gone tttTQUfb thai ytiy itaflc. It wis s step which they took, and disregard ed aa untmportant. It led directly to the noertwlmt under whlah those people now live and has% their be ing. regimented all, controlled, beat en down, ttvtag e life of fear. Nr\im 1m# T lam utlmmif ei atn I V IwOWg 1CTI A D? tnlSUTVifiilOOa, A hasten to say that I believe there was no such thoughts as those in Mr. Roosevelt's mind. I believe his aatton mi taken because of his ever-present urge to snake change*. There are many persons who hold that It was another move by the President daslgasd to keep people from thinking of their troubles, to help them forget the terrible strug gles through which we have been, and are, passing. Take a Look ot Practical SUo of the Situation Again, aj to the practical aide and the reaulta flowing from the breaking of another precedent: Let us consider first the litho graphing and printing industry of the country. There are thousands upon thmiaanda of other businesses that use the product of the lithog rapher and the printer. Consider the calendar that hangs on your wall. It will show November SO as the Day of Thanksgiving. The an nual bill for calendars, paid for by industry and by each ot us who buys a calendar, exceeds $100,000, 000. The calendars are not useless, of course, but the fact that the "cal endar is wrong" has sotne inde scribable effect upon me. Take the transportation industry. Officials begin planning many months ahead for ton, special rates, eacursisas Public events and ceremonies have been scheduled. Each ties in with some other?sched uled for Thanksgiving day whan Thanksgiving day was te be Novem ber 30. The printing industry has dooe its Job for most of those things ahead even of today. What a mesa that is going to bet Element of Uncertainty to What Makee Change Harmful And that brings ua to tba crux at thia situation. It la the element at uncertainty that Mr. Roosevelt in jected into our national lite by the change in one holiday date that is harmful. Instead at promoting a feeling at security, my hunch is that the President has spread un certainty and has caused omittance to crash in many a spot of which ha never dstamed. Instead of cre ating a net increase in buslnaas by malting a longer Christmas shop ping period, I believe a cold analy sis will show that the change win coat die country, as a whole, many millions of dollars in net losses. Our nation has grown up, not in one piece, but in many pieces, each one fitted to another as smooth working as the gears at your auto mobile. When the engine turns over, it exerts pressure on die dutch, then on the drive shaft, than an the gears and then on tba wheels, and" the car moves. When any one unit of industry in America?any one phase of life?is changed suddenly, the clutch and the drive ahaft and the gears and the wheels of others era alferted.^ ^ mawnnp ^ ? -i .. . . bffSSSmt - . Sp*-akinfi of Sport* Tension Eased As Managers Sign Contracts By ROBERT McSHANE MANAGING a major league baae ball club used to be ? Job (bat made football coaching seam like a civil service appointment. Manag ers shifted as rapidly as (be Cub's standing in the National league. New, hewever, It begins ?e leek ?ke the fellows to the managerial positions are going to have a chance to unpack their traveling bags. Not long age, during a h<a in the pennant races, the sudden signing of Oscar Vitt by the Cleveland Iadi DEL um an* and Dal Baker by the Detroit Tigers area announced by Ike pow ers that be. Prior to that, Jiaaaay Dykes bad agreed to a sew tore-year contract Prod Haaey was given a rote at McCarthy and the Taahs asa one aad the Bams. Ccanto Mack wUl be la Philadelphia tar as bar as be bead?*" Which!* la*"toe"American leagae. lea res Becky Harris d the Wasbtagtca Beaetace as sett at aa eaknewa goaettty. Okeerrera are to batta more thaa>MM rSn."* In the National league things are much the earns. BUI MrEochnie is already under a long-term contract to the Cincinnati Reds. "Memphis Bin" Terry and the New York Slants are closer together than Siamese twins. When the St. Louis Cards climbed to second place they assured Ray Blades at ancithcr term. Doc Prothro has made more than a satisfactory start at Philadelphia. Caaey Stengel win probably stick arotmd the Boston Bees end play out a poor hand. "Uppy Lao" Dn rocber, cordially disliked by fans and players alike, le nevertheless doing a bang-up Job with the Brook lyn Dodgers. That leaves two managers in the Nattonal circuit. Oabby Hartnett of the Chicago Cuba and "Pie" Tray nor of the Pittsburgh Pirates. The wolves, at course, have been after both at them. But H wouldn't he too surprising to aaa both at tham back in the same petition tor the me season. Hard Lack King Hsrtaett has been ?ua(k| a Uu at *d aim. The fensiva |*nr evaporated this year. list all the misfortune* tha Cafes fear* ?nialind atnco tha^ be^a dsas a |ss< Jsfe esaaideriag tha ptayiag materia] at his dlcpasal. Trsynor survived the IBM sssaon when his team blew a pennant. This year the Waoers have slipped a kmc way, Johnny Rizzo collapsed, and bis pitchers haven't been at much help. 80 be should get anoth er chance. A situation ao favorable to incum bent managers practically is with out precedent in tha big leagues. If a a rare year whan all 1* man agers in the two leagues get through intact, let alone be awarded new contracts. Osear Vitt had feesa leag restored sa Ms way sat Alva Bradley, pres ide* at the ladiaas, rs-stgaed htm he considered anfair ertUeism at Vitt by teas sad even players. lbs best managers need ttma to t?rli Kail chlbo. None of them can take e weak, faulty team and win pennants. To build for the future takes time. It can't be dons in one or two years. Even though the wolves do howL Sport Shorts Tgf mg offerwl a bonus Of *10,000 n t?ley UnUbmd sixth, *15,000 K the, finished ttttb, and tSO,OOOif the, ta bbed fourth, dropped the watt nine cently lost on a technical'tawdcout to Billy Com), weighed IMJdEds when he was 15 . . . Jest MMPHT #ne,wl<4 4m hum sAia a a. ? as 'it ?w*?lll HI kWW W HOT five heavyweight championship fights which have been held in the U. S. oo Jtfly 4 . . . Notre Dame has loet bat one opening football game sfnca 1IM when the Chicago Physicians and Sur geons college uaieed out a 4 te 9 victory. mr. : "Star-' Dean has earned about $15^ aa in Cincinnati Reds, who recently paid >40.000 for Vtace DIMayyio of Kan sas City, aetild bam had him tor >7,900?waiver price last year. What's in a Name? COME day m enterprising, ambi ? tious individual is doing to think up a bookful at new names fer race horses?and thereby make ? tbrtmx*. seme. Ta aaaae a bated dBat sams "ST 15-letter rule was made te which can be handled in a facte chart without renter tea ij?iiifeii#M ical layout out of Uttar. tel l I te rule was adopted a hone namad Battle of Killiecrankie need to 'pause a lot M trouble. ? many difficulties finding names that ?m^'Sd^mSrSsrsarSr^air" air msashae af Ms HmOy bat MM "ma." la It was Man. Gridiron - Topnotehors TUU U tk? fr* m ? m*im ?! unktm srsrsarxsc Wmtck IMr rwamds during 4U ?? but he'* Ml toMnnMM* ft to Bernie Bien*i*'l itnw|jii< UM Gopher mechinr^ ? Hollywood ?MilHC ft 33 SM*5 hlyk ochooL Follow .to dont# quoa tloaod kit 3S? WiiPcdema footb^ft, a sport which held little interest tor him. That tot, yji ndmikM| UMMNUtwlNTttt. ??? Ml at that year ha was aaaed ah ctty taahla aai w af tha | llliil He fullr demonstrated MaTcouraaa last MM when ha tftojred CM out of s Dossibie 410 nunvtes?a sdsriss time equal to seven complete Camas. And football in tha M( Ten t iM*t a < leawnwff affair. His re ward came ID being named captain isxzs&ss?a olLea^hUdto^aderaeafei^ e^Jeh Minnesotan the wnretod first tarn assignment with tha ^Ookhn Go- ^ wheMOio'iRhi.^e lacked courage.^ ^
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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Aug. 31, 1939, edition 1
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