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The Ala#!ance Gleaner ~~~~~ ? - " ? ? ? ? ? Vol. LXVII GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, JUNE 26, 1941 No. 21 WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS By Edward C. Wayne Nazi and Italian Activities in U. S. Are Curtailed by Government Action; 'War of Nerves' Continues as Fighting Centers in Near East and North Africa (EDITOB'8 NOTE?When ?pinions are expressed la these columns, they ?re these ef the news analyst and net necessarily of ^hii newspaper.) fw.i.HMrf by Western Newspaper * What la (aid to be the moat modern short distance reconnaissance plane in the world is this double-fuselage ship of the Nazi lnftwaffe. It is superior in maneuverability to a pursuit plane and has strong offensive as well as defensive weapons. Cannons and machine guns of the latest construction are carried in the ship which is powered by two powerful motors. Its crew of three has unobstructed views on all sides through the glass-enclosed cockpit. NETS: A Tightening Following up the sinking of the Robin Moor, the government tight ened still further its nets about fifth columnists, first by freezing all Axis assets in this country, and, second, by ordering all German consulates closed down, also news agencies and travel bureaus. Another order, that barring the leaving of the United States of any German nationals until further no tice, plus the word that was sent out that there would be a tightening of immigration permits, was held to be contingent on Germany's attitude to the American protest on the Robin Moor. The fact that the remaining 33 Americans aboard the ship were eventually saved, the state depart ment said, did not change the diplo matic situation regarding the vessel. America, President Roosevelt in dicated, was going to be firm from now on with regard to fifth column activities and sabotage, and was go ing to see to it that it was known who was coming into the country un der the guise of "refugee." WAR: Of Nerves In spite of considerable activity in the Near East and the North Af rican fronts, the war settled down to a "war of nerves" again, with the nervous tension reaching far and wide as Germany massed men and machines on the Russian border. The troops were not placed geo graphically close to the border, but were so disposed that they were within an exceedingly short distance in time from what many believed was a "bluff" objective. The announcement that a Turkish Russian-Nazi pact had been drawn up did little to relieve the nervous tension, as it was not immediately confirmed, nor was it clear whether this would solve the situation. For few thought that any such agreement, made under the threat of an army force variously estimat ed at from a million and a half to two million men, would be long ad hered to if the men were withdrawn. Senator George, head of the for eign affairs committee, frankly ex pressed the belief that Germany, by the move against Russia and the concentrations in the upper and low er Balkans, was "trying to make sure of her eastern front" before at tempting the long expected inva sion of Great Britain herself*. However, even Senator George saw in the move the conviction by the Germans that it would be a long war, and an effort to obtain satis factory supplies of wheat and oil. Still others believed that a Rus sian-Turkish pact, implemented by troops of sufficient numbers to con tinue to enforce respect and strict adherence, might permit Germany to move southward through Russia and Turkey into the Near-East and the Middle East, and thus to close the pincers on the entire Eastern Mediterranean country. This was the stage setting that caused the spread of the war of nerves into Britain itself, for day after day went by with only the most desultory German bombing ef forts against England. AIR: Special Arm? The question of whether the Unit ed States shall have a separate air force or whether the army and navy should each have its own was be ing debated. The senate had a bill for a sep arate air arm, under a new cabi net officer, just as the army and navy each has its own secretary. There were many taking stands on each side of the question, but the general feeling was that the bill, if it reached debate, would pass. However, some pointed to the ex perience of the British eastern Med iterranean fleet, abandoned by planes when the RAF decided not to defend Crete. The ships found themselves practically at the mercy of the German bombers, and losses were heavy indeed. The others pointed to the stories about the Illustrious, a British plane carrier, presumably as well equipped as any fleet could be to cope with enemy planes?yet almost destroyed twice in recent weeks by the Are power of enemy bombers. The first school maintains that the reason the fleet was In severe trou ble off Crete was that it was de serted by the RAF over which it had no control, the RAF being a separate arm. The navy should have had its own planes, and depended on them, it was maintained. The other school, in pointing to the Illustrious, showed how the navy cannot expect to man age even its own planes efficiently, as the two services are so foreign to each other. They also pointed to the disastrous habit of army and navy aviation competing with each other, in de signing planes and purchasing and equipping them, thus each develop ing its own source of supply?a bad economic procedure of production when mass methods are considered. Yet, it was pointed out, even if the senate bill creating a separate force is successfully carried, it would be a long time before it would actually get into being, for the army and navy are too busily engaged in supplying themselves and train ing pilots right now to allow any of their energies to be spared to build up a new separate air arm. JAPAN: Admits Failure The upshot of the Japanese-Dutch East Indies affair appeared to be a total defeat tor the Japanese, though it was by no means clear whether Nippon was willing to let it go at that. The long-awaited text of the final Japanese statement, once the Dutch had stood firm and refused all the Jap requests and ultimatums, was, briefly, this: "So sorry, but everything will be as it always has." The Japanese admitted they had accomplished nothing, but that nor mal relations with the Dutch would continue. Yet back of all these was the growing conviction that Nazi Ger many would not be satisfied with a bland admission of defeat on the part of Japan, but.might demand action, thus either losing an ally or perhaps hurling the specter at war into the southern Pacific. Honors for Both Robert Jackson, newly selected at associate justice of the United Slates Supreme court, shows his fatherly pride as he poses with son, William E. Jackson, upon the latter s graduation from Yale. KNOX: And Stimson Secretaries Knox and Stimson, also Canada's prime minister, Mac kenzie King all made important statements carrying big sidelights on the war and America's national defense. Knox, speaking in Canada, said that the United States is "practical ly" deciding that her course will thoroughly parallel that of Canada in the present struggle. He thanked the Canadians for re maining aloof from America's own decision-making, and reminded Can ada that at the time when she was making up her mind, America did not meddle. Secretary Stimson, in Washington, arguing that the $285,000,000 St. Lawrence river seaway ought to be constructed as soon as possible in order to provide a safe journey much of the way from American factories to Britain, foresaw a long war. One senator asked Stimson if it was not true that the project would take four years to construct, and if so, wouldn't the war be over long before it was finished. Mr. Stimson said, in the first place, that he thought it was going to be a long war, and in the second place, we ought not to go on a basis of thinking it would be a short one. Premier King, in the United States for a visit, made Canada's answer to American isolationists and ene mies of the lease-lend bill who had accused Canada of demanding "cash on the barrel-head" for Ca nadian production while Britain asked the U. S. for leased or lent goods. Mr. King said that Americans who made these statements failed to take into account the fact that Canada was giving the United Kingdom enormous quantities of men and mu nitions which were neither leased no lent but were an outright gift toward the winning of the war. He said that Canada was not forced to fight on behalf of Britain, that the decision was fully and free ly made by Canadians themselves on a basis of complete autonomy.' He added that he believed the United States, in much the same way, had arrived at the same de cision?to give all-out aid to Britain. CHUTE: British Style A dramatic ftory of how the Brit ish were using parachutists in oc cupied France was told. The little party of chutists landed near to the German-held airport, made contact with British agents on the ground, also with French people sympathetic to Britain, gathered to gether and made a surprise night time assault on the airport. They seized the control room, also the field itself, and a barrack room in which were German pilots await ing the command to take to the air. Other squads went out to the land ing field and destroyed 30 planes on the ground, also the buildings were set afire and burned. The chutists then sped for the coast, where motor torpedo boats were waiting for a prearranged sig nal to take them back to England. The maneuver was said to have been carried out so swiftly that the German headquarters did not know anything had happened until it was all over the chutists were safe ly on their way back across the channel. The move was predicated by the sympathy of the French people, and this was borne out in repeated dis patches and stories by returned ref ugees, one of which told of British skywriters almost daily writing "Courage" (spelled the same in French and English) in the air over French territory. Nation's Nutrition Problem Is Subject of Wide Study Experts Seek Methods of Restoring 'Pep' to America's Diet; Chaplain Has Vital Role in United States Army. By BAUKHAGE National Farm and Uoma Hour Commentatoi % WNU Service, 1343 H Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. Starving in the midst of plenty! That is what is wrong with a much larger segment of the American peo ple than we ever guessed. And a lot of the hungry have plenty of money in the bank and a lot of others have plenty of potential food in their garden plots. Sounds ridic ulous, doesn't it? But it is true. And in a week or two you will probably see one of the 3,000,000 pamphlets which were printed by the government printing office in Washington and distributed by the office of the co-ordinator of health, welfare and related defense activities. This pamphlet asks and an swers 20 questions about "enriched bread." Because modern bread is not what it used to be when it was the strong "staff of life" that helped our healthier ancestors, a hundred years ago, battle their way over life's highroad. Of course it's the vitamins we lack. What are we going to do for the thousands of Americans who are only "half alive," as the famous nu trition specialist, Or. Russell M. Wil der of the Mayo clinic, puts it? We are going to try to make them "all alive"?and alive longer, too. This month, organizations have been meeting all over the nation to talk about this problem that has come upon America since we be gan re&ning the "pep" out of our foods, our bread and our fats and our sugar. The American Medical association is taking a hand. So is the National Society of Home Economists with 17,000 teachers in it?just to mention two of the many groups which have joined Uncle Sam in this job of building better bod-' ies, brighter minds and a more stal wart nation. I sat today in the office of M. L. Wilson, head of the extension service of the department of agriculture. I hated to leave, so fascinating were his stories, true stories from the laboratory and the home and the canning factory, the garden and the field, the hospital and the kitchen. How the missing vitamins and min erals through the co-operation of food-processors will be restored chemically to products. How a great educational campaign will teach people how to choose from the foods they have; how to provide food elements for those without means; how the house-wife, the doc tor, the dietician and the restaurant keeper will be shown ways to help nourish the nation's sinews. "Only about one-fourth of the fam ilies at the United States with diets that could be rated good" were found in a recent survey by the depart ment of agriculture. And so a national nutrition con ference was called which mapped 1 the job conquering hunger, "the old est enemy of man." ? ? e ?I . Why America Doesn't Want War In the hours when Washington was awaiting the details of the sinking of the American ship Robin Moor, reportedly by an "unidentified sub marine" there was, for these days, an indescribable calm in the capital. After the White House press con ! ference I walked down the winding path under the elms which seemed to cast a shadow of peaceful secur ity across the whole natioo. I re viewed in my mind conversations of the week with certain earnest men in high places in the govern ment. They had given me reasons to hope that the United States would not be drawn into Europe's fright ful struggle. When I reached my office I Jot ted these reasons down. Here they | are: 1. The people do not want war. 2. The United States is not pre pared?the navy, yes; but not the army or the air corps. I. If we went in there would be a demand for supplies at home which Britain needs. 4. If we took an aggressive step against the Axis powers, Japan would be bound to join Germany and Italy against us. 5. If Germany struck first, Japan would not have to go In, there fore, Germany would avoid "inci dents." These were the reasons, I believe. why Washington awaited the "de tails" of the sinking of the Robin Moor with such calm. ? ? ? Chaplain It Important In Army Lift "In all my years of service I have never known a boy who was led astray by anything in the army." There was a bouquet of red roses on the desk of the sandy-haired colonel who made that remark to me. It was his birthday but the. 28 roses were for his 28 years as chap lain in the army. He was William Arnold, chief of chaplains of the United States army, whose job right now is being head shepherd for flock of a million new lambs, the boys in the regular army, the navy, the marines and the new selectees. "Chaplain," I said, "if you could write a letter to the families of these boys who read the weekly newspa pers, what would you say to them?" The genial features above the clerical collar lit up with interest. "The one thing I'd like to tell them," he said, "is this: as far as religion goes?a boy is just as safe in the army as at home." "From 5 a. m.," as Colonel Ar nold put it, "until the stars come out." And then a twinkle came into his eyes that I wish every mother's son might have seen. "You know, they say the devil finds things for idle hands to do," he smiled, "Well the devil is out of luck in an army camp, hands and feet and head are pretty busy from reveille to taps." "Even old soldiers," he went on, "when the day is over are ready to read a little and maybe sing a lit tle, and then go to bed." And at this point, if I may inter ject a personal word, I can come out for confirmation of that state ment. I know. I was there. But as far as the soldier's spir itual life goes things are different from when I was in the army and when Chaplain Arnold began his service. Today there is religious service every day in an army camp. But let's get down to brass tacks, as the chief of chaplains and I did in our talk. I call it a talk. It was not an interview, just an ex soldier talking to another in a room with the scent of red roses and a calendar open showing Jesus before the tomb with the stone rolled away. Is the boy in trouble, is he heavy laden, is he sick? It's the chaplain to whom he goes or the chaplain who comes to him. Suppose the boy is just laid up with a cold. The chaplain is there, ev ery day in the camp hospital or the sick-bay. to say, "Howzit, bud dv?" Suppose he is too sick to write home. Down sits the padre and takes the letter. Suppose he is real sick. The chaplain talks to the doc tor, and then writes to the folks. Suppose it is critical. Then the chap lain, if he doesn't happen to be of the same faith as the boy, gets the lad's own pastor or rabbi if he has to send to the nearest town tor him. But suppose the boy is heavy la den with some of the troubles he does not like to write home about. Nine chances out of ten the chaplain has guessed it. If he has not he will listen and give advice out of his wide experience, out of the de votion and charity that are in his soul (or he would not have the Job). We talked of these things and oth ers in the quiet office and then Chaplain Arnold leaned across the desk and said: "Here's one thing I wish you'd tell these people you write tor, tell them to write a letter about their boy and address it, 'Chaplain' and the same address they write to the boy. And if they know anybody?any rel atives in the town nearby the camp, write to them and suggest that they invite the boy to come to see them over the week-end, and write to the priest, or minister or rabbi of their own denomination. He'll be glad to co-operate." At that point he leaned back and smiled. "You know," he said, "Our chaplains in the army represent 27 denominations at the', >61 in this country and they give a One exam ple at co-operation that the churches outside the army might wall copy." Attics Give Up Gifts for Briton Material* of All Sort* Are Donated by American* To Help in War. LONDON.?A look at the list of gifts to Britain's evacuees, bomb victims and members of the army, navy and Royal Air force reveals that a lot of American attics have been cleared during the last year all to the benefit of men and women who are fighting Britain's war. Leaders of the English-Speaking Onion, which has been co-operating with the American branch of the or ganization as well as with other United States charitable organiza tions in collecting clothing and ma terials of every description to aid the war effort, said that only very rarely have they been sent gifts which could not be used by someone somewhere. What might have been Uncle Ned's old cornet which looked Ilka it had been kicked around in an attic for many years, now is doing duty in an army band which lost all its in struments in the evacuation of Dun kirk. Junior's football, which he left in the basement when be went to college, might now be doing service on a field near a Canadian encamp ment where American volunteers are teaching their British mates the rudiments of the game. Many Garments Sent. More than 65,000 garments and thousands of other gifts have been received from all over the United States. Most of the garments are hand-knitted stockings, sweaters, gloves and mufflers. They repre sent an enormous amount of knit ting, purling and stitching by thou sands of women in America. Gifts have been received from Colorado mountain towns, from Chicago, Milwaukee, Roanoke, Va., New England, Cleveland, Cincin nati and California. Some of these are marked 'To the men serving on the 50 United States destroyers" which were granted in the air base exchange. Others are designated for the men of the coastal patrol life saving service or the Royal Air force. But most of them are just sent to be distributed where they are most needed. B !J sk? .11*. earanante OCB1UC8 U1C |UH Ul |bilii?UI*, Americans have sent more than (9,000 in cash to the union as well as 14 American ambulances, money for first-aid mobile posts, one com plete surgical unit, a mobile feeding post and mountains of Red Cross and hospital supplies. Offers at Homes. Not the least important has been the offers of hundreds of homes in the United States to care for British children for the duration of the war. "The American gifts have been more wonderful than it is possible to imagine," one organization offi cial said. "The clothing is always freshly cleaned and the people in the United States seem to have a second sight when it comes to giving things. "Whenever we need little girls' dresses, or sturdy trousers for boys, or shoes for bombed firemen or lay ettes tor babies?in fact, about any thing possible to imagine, we know we usually can count on them being in the next shipment. They usually are." These gifts served immeasurably in brightening the lives of the fight ing forces as well as the evacuees and persons who have lost their homes. Dolls, toys, magazines, books, ping pong sets, dart boards, tennis racquets, cricket bats all have been distributed from the American donations. Cigarettes, to bacco, candy, cookies and even fruitcakes and cookies which could be safely shipped without spoiling have been sent. Concrete Made With Mica Base Prove* Vena tile RALEIGH, N. C.?Concrete that can be sliced with a handsaw and punctured with an ordinary driven nail is being tested by the ceramics department of North Carolina State college. During the recent Engineer* fair | at the college, William A. Scholes, ceramics research engineer, demon ; stra ted the new material's versatil ity by several tests with ordinary | carpenter's tools. Scholes drove several nails into a block of the new concrete, which is made with vermiculite instead of sand. The Mock didn't split and the nails didn't bend. He then sawed it into small sec tions with a handsaw. There were no cracks and the edges were smooth. Scholes, conducting experiments with the new material for the Ten neaaee Valley Authority, hopes the vermiculite product will com* into widespread use tor building low-oost pre fabricated bouses. 10,000 Yankees Are With Allied Forces Eagle Club Head Tells of Boys in All Uniforms LONDON.?Ten thousand Amer icans, most of them under 29, are fighting with Britain and her allies. Robert Hutchinson, chairman of the American Eagle club, said. The Eagle club is a sort of super canteen for Americans on this side of the Atlantic and for other forces. It is maintained by private contri butions, plus profits from low prices charged the troops. Hutchinson and Mrs. ? Hutchinson, known as the father and mother at the Eagle club, say they knew hun dreds of the volunteers from the - United States by name and thou sands by their faces. "The largest number is with the Canadians," said Hutchinson. "Bat you find American boys every where." A number at those in England were caught in German invasions at European countries and finally made their way to Tnndon. "We meet them in the "Free French' and even in the 'Free Ru manian' forces," said "We particularly need a dormi tory for these boys," Hutchinson said. "We close early and have to turn them out into the blackout." Hutchinson said many persona had the idea the life of a soldier in this war was comparatively easy. "I know better." he said. "I have seen them come in here after being bombed out, after operating anti aircraft guns and after working with bomb damage until they are tired, dog tired." The Eagle club is the one place in wartime London where an Amer ican can buy a hamburger for less' than 10 cents and coffee that tastes American. Sugar Industry in Sooth Was Born in Old Kettle BATON ROUGE, LA.?An old iron kettle, blackened by the many fires over which it has hung in the past 200 years, rests on the campus af Louisiana State university as a memorial to the man who mafia Louisiana's sugar industry piasihla Indigo was the money crop whan the French planter aristocracy owned plantations that stretched for miles along the bayous and lakes of southern Louisiana at the end of the Eighteenth century. Jean Etienwe de Bore was no exception. De Bore was born in the minifii section of the Louisiana Purchase territory. At the age of lour bo was taken to France by his parents where he received his education and later married into large colonial holdings. He returned to New Orleans with his wile about the time of the French revolution and established his plantation on what now is a part of Audubon park near the city limits. There he engaged in the planting of indigo. When a blight however, wiped out the indigo crops, De Bore and the other planters were faced with bankruptcy. Many planters already had tried to granulate sugar from cane juice, but their experiments failed time after time. De Bore, overriding the protests of his wife, decided to have a fling at the sugar business. Former Cripple Starts New Club for 'Shut-ins' WATERLOO, IOWA. ?Is grati tude for freedom from the crutches which ahe had to use for IS years before being cured, Vivian Brown, 25, has organised a Shut-in Chib which now has 225 cripple members. When her last operation left her cured she was free to pursue her osm activities, but she said rite couldn't forget all the crippled chil dren whom she had lived among in hospital wards, so she started the "Ship of Joy." Members live hi all parts of the nation. Since its start the group has pur chased and distributed 12 wheel chairs, 10 radios, two typewriters, and many gifts to shut-ins. The club has a library of 100 Jig-saw puzzles and 300 books. High School Class Has Grandma, Mother, Bride WEST MANSFIELD. ? The 1941 graduating class of the local high school includes a grandmother, a mother and a bride. Mrs. Agnes Chambers, 56, who has 11 grandchildren, spent the laat four years in high school completing the education she started many years ago. The mother is Mrs. Donald Stein helfer, who has an eight-monthold The bride is Mrs. Gerald Raa, who was married during the winter and who decided to continue her studies. .... . ? a
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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June 26, 1941, edition 1
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