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The Alamance Gleaner Vol LXVII . GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, JULY 24, 1941 No. 26 WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS By Edward C. Wayne Russian Army Plan for Slowing Blitz FoDows China's 'Retreating' Technique; Churchill Hails Soviet as 'Real Ally'; Extension of Draftee Service Sought (EDITOR'S MOTE?Wk? tflatou Mi ixfrtuil la Uim ??lamas, tkir Mi Uim ef Dm mwi analyst Ml mst asssssartly ?( this newspaper.) _______ (Released by Wsstarn Newspaper ) Deeper into Russia than their companions?but unarmed?these in vading Nasi soldiers are marched off to a Red prison camp after capture "Somewhere on the eastern front." That bald-headed, shirt-clad panzer trooper, fourth from left, in the front line, looks oat of place amonf bis companions, who seem to be shoek-headed boys. BEAR: On Defense The Russian Bear, no matter what the communiques might say, was obviously putting up a hard fight before the advancing German mech anized forces, and the British, who had taken the quick defeat of Rus sia as a foregone conclusion were beginning to cheer. Churchill, who had been through three previous milder stages of hail ing Russia as a companion in arms. Anally and very bluntly told the house of commons "of course Rus sia is an ally of Britain." One of the signs that the Reds' de fense ot their homeland was vigor ous and not without military merit came from an official admission on the part of Germany's high com mand that the Nazi armies had hurled back a considerable counter attack. Communique "solvers" naturally saw in this admission proof that the Russian armies were actually fight ing, and battling to some purpose in their gradual withdrawal to the Stalin line and perhaps further to the interior. Washington observers cautioned against too much faith in an eventu al Russian victory, however, unless the defenders would be able to with draw their armies with much of their equipment intact, into that hinterland broadly described as "the Urals." As in the Battle of France, it was conceded that the French would have had a chance of immobilizing the war only if they were willing to give up Paris and other cher ished cities, and move backward with the assault, harassing the ad vancing Nazis and softening their blows, "riding with the punches" as the boxing phrase has it. This was the technique which en abled to make a four-year-old war of position out of the Japanese blitz of 1937 in China. It was the same technique which observers in this country were recommending for Russia. There was nothing in dispatches to show that the Reds were not do ing just that, save that no city of vital importance like Leningrad, Moscow or Kiev had yet fallen, though Germans claimed they had passed the latter. It was impossible, in view of con flicting claims, to determine with even probable accuracy and allow ing for a wide margin of error to figure the price being paid by either side tn the Russo-German war. If German claims were to be be lieved, Russia had left only a frag mentary part of her motorized equipment and her air force. If Russia were to be believed Germany was reduced to using "canvas" tanks and mere boys to operate them. But even the German communi ques admitted Russia still had hun dreds of tanks in action, and hun dreds of planes, and the Reds' bombing activities were reported from neutral points to be hitting tar gets far within Rumania and far within Finland. The actual facts of the war, bow ever, remained continually clouded in mystery, despite the fact that cor respondents Anally were admitted to Moscow, which also installed a short-wave radio to give out war news to the United States and other countries. MARSHALL: His Plan Gen. George C. Marshall, chief of staff of the U. S. army, urged two major points before congress' sen ate military affairs committee, and apparently the President was will ing to go along with one, but not with the other. Point No. 1 was that the selectees should be kept in uniform longer than a calendar year from the time of their induction. He wanted this restriction removed by congress from the selective service law. Point No. 1 was that he wanted the restrictions removed ordering that selectees could serve only in the Western hemisphere. The Presi dent apparently was willing to ex ert some White House pressure on congress to get the second provision passed. However, early polls of senatorial reactions to both points were unfa vorable, though a majority of those questioned reported themselves "un decided" and "preferring to hear the debate." The question had broadly resolved itself into how large an army the U. S. should have, and how long it takes to train a soldier. General Marshall also made the point that the selectees had been poured into all army units, with the result that if they were sent home after a year, these units would suf fer dismemberment. J A f AIM: On the Verge The tudden resignation of the Jap anese cabinet, together with many dispatches quoting the indefinite "diplomatic sources," seemed to In dicate that Nippon might be on the verge of some important step hi world affairs. What this might be remained hid den, though British statements seemed to hint that Japan might be contemplating a move into Indo china. A secondary guess was that Japan might be planning a "token" as sault on Russia's east coast Siberia, perhaps to attempt to close the port of Vladivostok?name fa mous in the Japanese Russian war at the turn of the century. The quitting cabinet is the one which put Soviet Russia into the Rome-Berlin axis, and also, strange ly enough, into a neutrality accord with Russia. The government was almost ex actly a year in office, so it could not be charged with the stalemate in China, in fact it was not organized to do anything about the Chinese war. There was little that could be said surely about the situation, sonic holding that the cabinet resigna tion meant that Japan's whole for eign policy would be reoriented in view of the German-Russian war. Whether this would mean thft the next government would be more pro-German, or whether Japan was getting ready to lHthdraw from all European commitments could hard ly be told. Certain it was that in Tokyo was a little group of Nazis who were said to have dominated the last cab inet, and to have been urging the strongest possible intimidation at America in the Pacific, in order to occupy the United States so strong ly with the West coast that aid In Britain might be minimized. In the Navy : Joseph P. Kennedy Jr., ton of ] the former ambassador to Great ' Britain and Harvard graduate, has joined Uncle Sam's navy, en listing for the duration in the air force. He made his entry along with many other college men and was quickly inducted. He is shown in a training plane, ready for Lesson Number One. SYRIA: Now British The victory of the British and Free French in Syria, being some what dwarfed by the news from Russia and the war developments in this country seemed to receive only minor mention in the American press, though the British were get ting more solid satisfaction out of it than had appeared on the eve of the armistice. Some of the terms began to come overseas, and it was significant that they called for the turning over to the British of all arms except those belonging to individuals, including ships and planes. Paris was quick to report that all planes and ships had escaped cap ture, though this dispatch, coming from German-controlled territory, was somewhat discounted. Churchill summed up the advan tages of the Syriain victory briefly as removing to a greater distance the threat to Suez, also the fact that some of the disaster of Crete had been overcome, in that the air base on the island of Cyprus now could be protected. The Germans, heav ily engaged with Russia, however, seemed in no hurry to try another air conquest from Crete to Cyprus. That the Germans' air position in i the eastern Mediterranean was suf ficiently strong was indicated in the sinking of a British small naval j vessel of 1,200 tons by air Are, the survivors reporting that they were attacked by 80 dive bombers at one time. Their convoy escaped with supplies destined for Tobruk's be leaguered garrison. Most important of the Syrian ar mistice terms was the choice to be offered to French residents, civilian and military, as to whether they would be deported to French terri tory, or whether they would join the Free French government under British mandate. _ R. A.F.: Business as Usual The Royal Air force, (tapping up iti bombing scale steadily, reported as one day of "business as usual" the dropping 6f 1,900 tons of bombs on cities in Germany and occupied countries. The British were claiming that these attacks were at least as severe as any Britain had had to withstand during the hey-day of the German onslaught from the air and that they c would get stronger as time wore on. One contrast between the Nazis' blitz of London and other British objectives and the British attack on Germany and occupied countries was in- the photographic evidence. Outside of one or two picture* sent out from Germany showing Are fighters atop buildings in Berlin, the country might as well be entirely unscathed, as far as picture evi dence would go. Whereas the American news papers had carried literally thou sands of photographs of air-raid ef fects in England, from the digging out of the dead and wounded to the damage that was done to West minster Abbey and the tower from which Big Ben Chimes out the hours. The reason was that the British took the pictures of their own dam age, and the censors permitted them to be sent out. So the United States got a view of what modern war was like. The Germans permitted two or three such pictures to get to this country, but for more than a year nothing of the kind was shown, and as the air attacker can't get low enough to photograph Us own dam ago?it didn't look as tfwuigh any would get out U. S. Is Now a Reservoir For European Livestock Fine Breeds of Cattle and Horses Are Shipped Here to Protect Them From Results of War. By BAUKHAGE National Farm ond Homo Horn Common tot or. WNU Sendee, IMS H Street, N. W., Washington, D, C. The tall hostess with the spiked head-dress who gets the first look at America's new arrivals (I mean Mia* Liberty, of Bedloe's island, Mew York harbor) has seen some strange sights lately. Some of the anxious shiploads that pause at her doorstep hurrying westward have brought a tear, some a worried frown, some a hopeful smile. There was one group of refugees, proud yet humble servants of man, huddled below decks. Miss Liberty could not see them. Had she been able to, she would have dipped her torch in welcome. For the war has brought to Amer ica some of the finest bloodstrains of homes and cattle from the bomb riddled fields and pastures of Eu rope. Today, this nation holds no great er treasure, in the deep vaults where the gold bullion is stored, than is sheltered in barn and stable. Some of the great breeds of livestock, which have been all but wiped out in Europe, are preserved here. Best Reservoir. "The United States now has the best reservoir of blooded livestock in the world," said a department of agriculture official to me the other dav. The two tiny segment* of Eng lish soil which the Nazis have taken from the British?and the only two, so far?held some of the finest dairy stock in the world: the islands of Jersey and Guernsey, in the Eng lish channel. When the British with drew they gave the islanders a chance to get out?to go to England. Some of the herdsmen preferred to stay with their herds. What has happened to those herds now we can not learn. We do know that many have been slaughtered for food or because they could not be fed. But just before that happened 100 head of the best Jersey breeding stock were sent over to the United States. And before the bombs began to rain too thickly on England the Brit ish did what they had never done before?they exported to this coun try a number of thoroughbred horses, some of their finest racing stock which has never before been permitted to leave the islands, at any price. This stock, stallions and mares both, has been sold aixf de livered to wealthy American owners. Great Draft Horses. What happened to the great draft horses of Prance and Belgium, whose strains are already well es tablished in America, is not known. Many, It is reported, were slaugh tered because at lack at fodder to support them( Many were used for food, tor even in the piping days of peace the continental has no preju dice against "steak equine." Now, America can boast all ths pure-blood strains?horses, sheep, cattle, hogs, and poultry. From now on, instead at being chiefly an im porter, as we have been bom ths days when the first Spaniard brought in that strange animal that terrified the Aztecs, the horse, the Western hemisphere will be an exporter at blooded stock. When the American fanner etandi among his herds or flocks, or bis wife admires her chicken yard, they often forget that the only livestock which lives and breathes on this continent whose ancestors were not immigrants is the turkey. No won der Benjamin Franklin thought H ought to be our national bird, in stead of the eagle, borrowed from the imperial Caesars. Today, there are more Holstein cows in the United States than fleck with black and white the fields of the province from which that prin milk-giver gets its name. As a mat tar dt fact, we have the world's rec ord Holstein producer of milk anf butter. Other Bovine Breeds. And we have all the other bovint breeds here, too. Ayreshires haw long been familiar figures on Amer itkn farina even the red Denial cattle and the brown Swiss are ai much at home here as some of theii better known sisters. It is not that America lacked no ble blood among its herds or flocta before the war?it simply means tha the animal aristocracy has escape* the firing squad af the totalitarians We have now became the greeten treasure house of ths world's blooded stock. As a matter of fact, the 700,000 cows and bulls which have long made up America's card-catalogued nobility need bow before do foreign bovine. These 700,000 whose record is kept, with .the co-operation of their owners, by the department of agriculture, now produces 325 pounds of butter fat per cow per year, against a figure of 100 pounds, which is toe average for the rest of cowdom. ? ? ? Action on Iceland Startled Washington Washington was startled when on 20 minutes' notice the President an nounced that marines had landed in Iceland. It should not have been. Secretary of the Navy Knox had said it was time for more aid to Britain. The President would not comment on that statement. He just acted. So I won't be surprised to hear that familiar phrase "the marines have landed" anywhere from Cape Town to Singapore. The next step will not be war ei ther, in administration eyes. There may be shooting. But shooting won't mean a declared war for some time. Not while Germany is tied up in Russia, anyhow. General Marshall's request for permission to send troops outside the Western hemisphere does not mean he is grooming an expedition ary force for Europe. There are several reasons. There is no place to land troops in Europe. An expeditionary force without armored divisions is N. G. An armored division is N. G. with out repair, replacement and supply bases. To make an expeditionary force against Hitler it would be nec essary to move Pittsburgh to France. ? ? ? U. S. Surplus Agency Gather* Food Supplies Reports to the department of ag riculture indicate that if all of the food available in the British Isles were divided up, the British people would be on about one-third of their normal ration. In the last three months the Sur plus Marketing administration of the department of agriculture has bought more than $300,000,004 worth of foodstuffs. A part of this is des tined for Britain. How much has actually reached there even officials ef the department do not know but they do know that more ships are being made available for this pur pose than when the lend-lease bill bectmt law. What is not sent to Britain, Milo , Perkins, Surplus Marketing admin ? tstrator, explains, is being used by . needy families and hungry children, i here. Thanks to scientific advances , it is now possible to produce enough food "to go round." i "Up until the last few years, man has always lived in civilizations in which there was not enough to go round." said Mr. Perkins. "Today, , with our capacity to produce, it's : physically possible to provids a de ; cent living standard far all of our , people That's the most important > material thing that's happened to the human race since the discovery of Are and the invention of the wheel." ? ? ? MmorUt of an I Old 'Optra Hoot*' Washington'* "Opera House" la goiac. It to ? liocc AC ! toes trod tta boards, sine* Its "Am ' ham*dor's tier" glittered with the i jeweled ladies of the diplomatic set. for years it was known as the "Be i lasco theater," one ot the most at ; tractive playhouses in the country. I Of late It has bean a movie house, i On my way back across Lalay . ette park the other day I glanced ? op at its sad facade?doors closed, I windows blank. And it was then, for the first time in an the 87 years that I have passed It or entered its i portals that I noticed the words "Op i era House" engraven above them. I > walked over and looked at the plaque i on the wall, which I bad never read I before. It said: r Oa this sit* Oemmaader Jeha Rogers baiM an slags at bans* la Wl. la It sa April 14, UK, an attempt waa mad* t* amaeal t aate W. H. Seward, secretary at wfcsmarderadAbraham Uneeta Despite War Show Goes On British Producers Busy in London end Provinces; Writing Perks Up. LONDON. ?Old Vic is closed, Cov ent Garden dark, Drury Lane giv en over to shovs for the troops, the electric glitter of London stage life gone, but the theater in Britain is far from moribund. Both in the capital and the prov inces producers are active, giving audiences the best plays and musi cals and the biggest stars that war time conditions permit. The war has brought about a de centralization of the British theater and the development of a genuinely national theater. Many towns that in the old days seldom saw any thing but the shabbiest theatrical ef forts now enjoy the first-rate regu larly. Players returning from extended tours report an amazing response in the provincial communities and con sider it a bright augury for the post war theater of which the nation dreams even now. Playwriting, itself, producers and managers say. has perked up, fur ther stimulating the theater at a time when stagnation would be un derstandable and excusable. Plays Above Par. "It has been some while," one theater man said, "since so many goed manuscripts have been sub mitted. It is a significant and healthy sign that a marked improve ment in the quality of dramatic and comedy writing should come at this time." Some of the best-liked productions, however, are revivals, and there is a growing desire to see American plays. Among the major London successes is S. N. Behrman's "No Time for Comedy" in which Kath arine Cornel] starred in the Unit ed States a couple of seasons ago. In the next several weeks the city will have ballet, opera, symphonic programs, recitals and a bit of Shakespeare, the late spring and summer days with their extra two hours of light making possible a greater variety of entertainment and more frequent performances. Opera In Bead Show. Meanwhile, the theater doubtleaa will continue to flourish in the prov inces. Forthcoming shows for the road include a production of Wil liam Saroyan's "The Time of Your Life," which will be seen later by Londoners who are inordinately cu rious about it. The provinces have had their taste of opera, too, and have liked it. In one city "La Traviata" played to a capacity house on a Saturday night after a solid week of blitzes. The back of the theater had been bombed and a chill wind blew through the damaged scenery dock, but neither performers nor audience minded. Actors have faced raid dangers, entertained amidst ruins, and under gone numerous hardships; soms have been injured. One company, appearing in Cardiff some time ago, played through to the final curtain while an air attack on the Welsh city was in progress. Most of the troupers hold that it is essential to keep the theater alive and consider that their Job on the ' home front is by no means the least | important. - Population Density Up; Now 44.2 a Square Mile WASHINGTON ?Density of popu lation per square mile in the conti nental United State* increased from 41.1 in 1881 to 44.2 in 1940, the bu reau of the cen*u* stated The first 10 states in the 1S40 cen sus, ranked by population per square mile, are Rhode Island, 074.2; New Jersey, 553.1; Massachu setts, 545.0; Connecticut. J48J; New York, 281.2; Pennsylvania, 219.1; Maryland. 184.2; Ohio, 188.0; Illinois, 141 J; and Delaware, 134.7. This ranking was the same as ii 1030, except for New Jersey anc Massachusetts, the former cspturinj second ranking from the latter. Nevada achieved a population o one person per square mile for th< first time In 1040. In 1030 it was 0.8 Uses Eight Bushels of Apples in Single Pit FREMONT, OHIO ?A 430-pount apple pie eras baked here in a Iocs bakery by Boyd M. Fraxier of To ledo to show the Apple Growers' in stituta how it should be done. Fraxier took four hours to proper the pie and another four hours t bake H. The ingredients include eight bushels of apples, 85 pounds c sugar, 10 ounces of cinnamon, 2\ ounces of nutmeg, tore pounds of but tor, a half pound of lemon Juice, i pound of cornstarch, 48 pounds o dour, SO pounds of lard, six quarts o water and a half pound of salt Leaky Faucet Wins Fame for Engineer Research Into Waste Turns Up Mass of Figures. WAUKESHA, WIS.?A leaky fau cet brought fame to Arthur P. Ku ranz, superintendent of the Wauke aha water department Kuranr waa attracted one day by the trickle of water from a worn faucet. Scientifically minded, he brought out his slide rule and a stop watch and did some calculating with the result that he became a pioneer in the field of counting drops at water. His study of the subject with a view to preventing waste has result ed in state and national recognition. Winner of the national Fuller award, presented for achievement in the water industry in the state last year. Some amazing figures on the amount of water lost through a leaky faucet were turned up by Kuranz*s calculations. For idstance, a tap leaking at the rate of 120 drupe a minute adds up to 112,000 drops lost daily. Taking Kuranz*s estimate at 63,000 drops to a gallon, that means a waste of almost three gallons from the single faucet. Add to this total from other worn faucets in the building and, in the case of a hot water tap, the cost at heating the water (about 85 cods a month in Waukesha for one tap) and Kuranz's seemingly insignificant job of counting water drops hei nsnes something significant. The problem grows in importance when a com munity has a limited water supply. One of the difficulties encountered by Kuranz has been to determine the number of drops at water in a gallon. The National Water Meter institute at Washington admitted that the problem has not yet been studied "in anything approaching a scientific way" and solicited its members for suggestions. Highway of SSrtr' Robs Through Utah Coounonity PARK CITY, UTAH.?There is no record at may one ever having seen the mythical "street at gold." bat fas northern Utah there is a "highway at silver." It alao contains deposits of lead and sine. The highway, which raa through Park City's main* business section, has been surfaced with tslings from the nearby Consolidated Mining company containing silver, lead aad zinc. Although the material is not valu able enough to ship to smelters, it does contain metals from small fis sures crossed by miners h running exploration drifts, raises or cross cuts. The ores, although rich, were found in too small a quantity to bo saved. The white piles of debris have provided a new and interesting pastime for Park City yotxjgster*. ^ Many small boys ars equipped with toy outfits for melting and > molding metal soldiers. They seas eh the waste piles, removing rhwiks of ore containing lead, silver aad zinc. The pieces are then cleaned, malted, and cast into toy soldiers. Tommies Avoid Girls in Khaki?and Give Reason LONDON.?Complaints that thair uniform is a hindrance to romance and scares soldiers away are made by some of the auxiliary territorial service taabif northern command training center. "Soldiers seem to think that the A. T. & is either the old maid's last hope or else that to be seen sot with one of us indicates that a soldier has been unable to get a girl out side the barracks," said one of the girls. What do the soldiers say? "We want girls who are not in khaki," said one of them. "We see ; too much uniform. The A. T. 8. is , a part of the army Just as much as the officers and clerioal staff are i part of it, and we treat diem ac 1 cording ly. ! "Just as few men fall in love with the girl who works in the same cf f See as themselves, so the soldier ; wants to get his girl friends from a different atmosphere from that in which he apends his working day." U. S. Army Gels dm Most For Its Clothing Dollar 1 WASHINGTON. ? The army is . making sure Uncle Sam gets full value tor his soldiers-uniform dollar. The quartermaster depot at Fhila r delphia has established a "house of a magic" which tests all army cloth i ing materials for strength, wear, * f warmth and nrater repellency. Ma i chines there can detect the tiniest - hole in s raincoat, crush buttons to ? tee how much stress they can stand, >f and create artificial rainstorms and >f windstorms to test wateiproof quali ties of the cloth.
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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July 24, 1941, edition 1
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