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The Alamance Gleaner Vol LXIX GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, MARCH 4, 1943 No. 2 WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Tunisia Upset Slows Yank Timetable; Japs Open 7-Pronged Offensive to Knock China Completely Out of War; Axis Spokesmen Try Peace 'Feelers' (EDITOR'S NOTE: Whaa ?ptaltu u? axpraaaai la tkiM aalaaaaa, tkay ara thaaa ?( Waaiara Nawapapar Ualaa'a aawa aaalyata ta< aat naaeaaarlly af this nawapapar.) Released by Western Nawspapar Union. A wounded U. S. soldier struck during a heavy air attack by German planes on the airfield at Souk el Arba in Algeria is shown being comforted by a comrade-in-arms. The airfield was originally captured by D. S. para troopers. TUNISIAN TIMETABLE: Delayed by Rommel General Eisenhower had had his choice of fighting decisive engage ments on ground offered him by Marshal Rommel or on terrain of his own choosing. That he had pre ferred the latter was indicated by the fact that he was not drawn into a major battle when the Nazis pushed American troops out of the Tunisian area between Sidi Bou Zid and Gafsa into the foothills border ing Tebessa, Algeria. While the Tunisian reverse was not a catastrophe, it was neverthe less a punishing setback that meant considerable further delay in liqui dating the Axis in Africa and mov ing on to the vastly bigger job of getting at Europe. The situation eras brightened somewhat by reports that the veteran British Eighth army had rolled up from the south and had engaged Rommel's atten tion. The loss of three advance air fields and three forward positions by the American forces was costly. Superior weight and mechanical equipment, plus gruelling battle ex perience was the explanation for the Nazi success. The new German 60 ton Mark tanks had proved too strong for the 28-ton American tanks. The Nazis, moreover, had caught the Americans with their lines too thinly held. In Washington Secretary of War Stimson said that American forces, outnumbered and outarmed have suffered "sharp reverses and sub stantial casualties." BLACK MARKETS: ?Gangsters Reap Riches ? How to combat the black markets ia meat products which were sky rocketing retail prices, menacing the supply for military and lend lease purposes and endangering the future existence of small packers was a problem that had congress as well as agricultural officials wor ried. As reports persisted that gang sters had turned their unscrupulous talents into this highly profitable il legal trade, two suggestions were made by the OPA to the house small business committee, for solv ing the problem. One was for the government to purchase live ani mals. The other was for a registra tion of every person who sells or handles meat. FRENCH ARMADA: To Strengthen Allies Heartening news that 42 French warships, in addition to the four now undergoing repairs in American shipyards, would soon be fighting on the side of the United Nations was brought out by Vice Admiral Ray mond Fenard, chief of the French naval mission to the United States. Admiral Fenard said that two more battleships, six cruisers, an aircraft carrier, seven destroyers, 14 submarines and ten auxiliary craft would join the United Nations arma da "sqon, but I don't know when." The naval leader said that the cruisers Gloire and Georges Ley gues already are in action against the Axis. PEACE OFFENSIVE: Axis Tries Wedge Long expected by Allied chancel lories, the Axis peace offensive final ly got under way. First feelers were extended by Virginio Gayda, Fascist editor. The next move came from Nazi Propaganda Minister Jos eph Goebbels. The theme of both Axis spokes men was that the unprecedented Russian victories were as much a danger to Britain and America as to the Axis. Therefore why not a sep arate peace, so that Europe could be saved from the Bolshevik men ace? Quick to expose the spurious tech nique by which the enemy hopes to talk its way out of the consequences of impending defeat, was Elmer Da vis, chief of the Office of War Infor mation. "This pulls the whole mat ter into the open," he declared. "The Axis is trying to drive a wedge be tween Britain, the United States and their Allies." CANNED MEAT: Temporary Freeze Making supplies of canned meats and canned fish last through the year was a problem causing many a headache in the Office of Food Administration. Stocks on dealers' shelves had dwindled ominously; housewives were on a buying spree. Result: the OPA suspended sales of canned salmon, tuna, shrimp, meat spreads and kindred products until at least March 28?the date on which meat rationing was expected to be gin. Meanwhile, housewives and corner grocerymen had begun to familiar ize themselves with the point-ration ing system governing the sale of canned fruits and vegetables, dried fruits, canned soups and canned baby foods. JAP WAR THEATER: Mme. Chiang Urges Speed Even as Madame Chiang Kai-shek in Washington was calling for more decisive Allied blows against Japan, communiques from China revealed that the Japs had undertaken what was apparently a major effort to knock China out of the war. The Jap offensive took the form of attacks in seven Chinese areas from above Shanghai to Yunan in the Southwest The core of the drive had been directed along the old Bur ma road in Southwest Yunan. Seeking to stir America to a great er understanding of Japan's menace to the Allies, Madame Chiang said it was contrary to the United Na tions' interests to allow Japan "to continue not only as a potential ene my, but as a waiting sword of Dam ocles, ready to descend at a mo ment's notice." Reports from Allied Pacific head quarters continued to reflect steady, if undramatic progress. In New Guinea, American and Australian jungle troops were pushing hard on the heels of Japs retreating from the Wau area toward Mubo on the outskirts of Salamau. In the air Liberator and Flying Fortress bombers continued attacks on Jap positions in Dutch New Guinea and New Britain. RACE FOR DNIEPER: Nazis Still Menaced Only two natural defense lines in the flat farm areas of southern Rus sia were left open to the Nazi armies after the victorious Russian forces had swept rapidly westward follow ing the fall of Rostov and Kharkov. These were the Dnieper river in the central Ukraine, and behind it the Dniester river on the Rumanian bor der. Even if Hitler's armies won the race to the Dnieper river and suc ceeded in establishing a new winter line behind its mile-wide expanse, the Nazi problems were by no nfeans solved. The Nazi southern flank in the Crimea would be exposed and difficult to hold. The northern flank west of Leningrad would likewise be in jeopardy. In an effort to convert the German retreat westward into a disorderly rout, the Red army had pounded ahead in a knockout offensive aimed at Orel, Nazi anchor point below Moscow. Strategic junction of four railroads, Orel provided direct com munications between north Russia. I and the central Ukraine on the trunk rail line between Moscow and Orel. As the Reds continued to push the Nazis out of the eastern and north ern regions of the Donets river, Nazi resistance had stiffened inside the river basin itself. DRAFT: 'Undesirables' Next? As it became clear that congres sional sentiment was preponderantly in favor of deferring fathers and others with dependents until the sup ply of single men was completely ex- - hausted, somber predictions on the future quality of draftees were made by army spokesmen. Brig. Gen. Miller G. White warned that deferment for fathers of draft age would make it necessary for the army to induct illiterates, men with venereal diseases and "unde sirables" now accepted only in lim ited numbers. The rapidity with which the na tion's armed forces are being built up was indicated by a statement by Maj. Gen. Lewis B. Hershey, head of the selective service system, that a total of 28,000 men per day are being taken into the army and navy at present induction rates. RATION DATES: March 13?Period 5 fuel-oil cou pons, good to Sept. 30, become valid. March IS?Last valid date for No. 11 sugar coupons, good for three pounds. March 21?Last valid date for Stamp No. 25, good for one pound of coffee. March 21?Last day on which Coupon 4 in "A" gas ration book is valid. March 31?Final date for first inspection of passenger ear tires for "A" card holders and motorcycles. April 26?Expiration date for Period 4 fuel-oil coupons. June IS?Last valid date for Stamp No. 17, good for one pair of shoes. INFLATION: Taxation the Remedy Hard-headed Marriner S. Eccles, chairman of the Federal Reserve board of governors, bluntly warned congress that the nation faced dis astrous inflation because the gov ernment is financing too much of its j war deficit by bank borrowing and not enough by taxation and public borrowing. Asserting that the government was doing a "very bad" job of war financing by comparison with other countries, Mr. Eccles said the prob lem of -inflation was "entirely in the hands of congress." "No government in a war period has been able to avoid some infla tion," he said, adding that "inflation can only come by congress ap propriating money and failing to pro vide method of collecting money." Purchasing-power this year, he estimated,* - Mould be 40 billion dollars in excess of goods and serv ices available. If the public saved in the same proportion as in 1943, however, he said the gap would be shaved down to about 13 billion. FASTEST PLANE: Unveiled by Navy When the navy unveiled what was termed the "fastest airplane in the United States" at a Hartford, Conn., plane factory, it was disclosed that other models of this ship?the Vought F4U1 Corsair?had already been in successful action against the Japs over Munda in the South Pacific. Among the "bests" claimed in the Corsair's behalf were that it has the most powerful engine of any navy fighter in the world; that it can out fight and outfly land based aircraft in the same classification; that It can be used as an interceptor. Many Deductions Allowed by Treasury On Income Tax; Every Worker Can Claim Credits Under the New Levy By ALFRED SINGLES IttliiNd by WMtin Newspaper Union. Although wartime necessity demands that Uncle Sam collect the highest income taxes in history, there is nothing unpatriotic in taking advantage of legitimate ways to lower your payments, as provided by law. Tax laws are carefully written instruments. In writing them, congress included a list of deductions which taxpayers may claim. These deductions were included for excellent reasons and with the expectation that all taxpayers who could honestly claim them would do so. The big taxpayer usually finds it advantageous to hire an ex pert who is familiar with each permissible deduction. The small er taxpayer is not so likely to secure outside assistance. The latter would do well to determine for himself the deductions he can make legitimately. ? For the person who makes not more than $2,000 of taxable income ?which means a single man earning not more than $2,500, or a married man or head of a family earning not more than $3,200?every $100 of deductions claimed will mean an $18.40 reduction in income taxes paid. Where larger incomes are in volved, savings are proportionately greater. The following are important de ductions which will aid die average taxpayer. You Can Deduct License Fees, Business Expenses, Contributions, Interest, Taxes. All contributions, for public pur poses, made to the United States, any state, city or town, are deducti ble, as are contributions to a do mestic nonprofit organization operat ed exclusively for religious, charita ble, literary, educational or scientif ic purposes or for prevention of cru elty to children and animals. Church contributions include pew rent, assessments, etc. Organiza tions such as USO, Army and Navy Relief, Red Cross, community chests, etc., come under the charitable heading. Literary and educational ?rganizations include such institu tions as nonprofit colleges and schools, the Boy Scouts, voters leagues, and study groups. The sci entific heading includes all nonpar tisan scientific societies. It is not permissible to deduct con tributions made to a bar associa tion, a medical association, a pro hibition association, political cam paign committees, volunteer fire companies, social fraternities, ath letic clubs or gifts to needy friends or relatives. Generally speaking the taxpayer may deduct any interest paid on bor rowings, including business, person al and family debts. Because in terest paid on behalf of a relative or friend is not a legal obligation on the taxpayer, such interest is not deductible. As a broad general rule, the in dividual can deduct all taxes he per sonally pays to the tax collector, ex cept federal Income, estate and gift taxes and state and local benefit, inheritance, estate, legacy or gift taxes. Federal taxes which are deducti ble include those on admissions, dues, telephone, telegraph, transportation, auto use, safety deposit boxes, etc. Admission taxes collected at the aters and other places of amuse ment during 1942 amounted to 10 per cent. A 50 cent theater ticket, which cost the customer 55 cents, represents a 5 cent deduction. Automobile owners are entitled to deduct state and local license fees, the federal use stamps (which cost $7.09 in 1943), driver's license fee and state fasoline tax. Automobile owners may not deduct the federal gasoline tax because it is consti tuted as a tax on the manufacturer and not on the consumer, even though it was passed along to him. It is the general rule that the tax payer gets credit only for those taxes levied directly upon him. For that reason state and federal taxes on cigarettes and liquor are not deducti ble. They are stamp taxes levied on the manufacturer or dealer. The transportation taxes paid on railroad, airline and other personal transportation last year is deducti ble. The rate was 5 per cent of the fare for the first 10 months; 10 per cent for the last two months. The tax on transportation of goods, amounting to 3 per cent on all freight and express bills, is deductible. Taxes imposed by the federal gov ernment on jewelry, furs and toilet goods are not deductible. They are excise taxes levied on the maker or dealer and are not collection taxes levied on the taxpayer. Also deductible are traveling ex penses required by one's employer when such expenses are not reim bursed by anything over salary, wages or commissions. When your car is used partly for business and partly for private purposes, deduction is allowed only for the portion used for business, and then only when the driver is not reimbursed. The loss on the sale of a car, used partly for busi ness and partly for private purposes, is divided similarly, but only when actually sold and not when used as a trade-in. In addition to deducting the three cent state tax on all gasoline used in your car, you can also deduct the cost of the gasoline and other supplies for business use of the ma chine. Dues to labor unions, assessments by unions for out of work benefits, but not for sick, accident or death benefits, cost of indemnity at fidelity bonds required by your employment, and cost of tools and patterns neces sitated by the type of work, are de ductible, but only if their life is less than one year. If their life is longer than one year the owner can dis count depreciation only. No deduction is permitted for med ical and dental expenses, including accident and health insurance pre mlumi, unless they exceed I per cent of your income. Any expense over 8 per cent of income, and up to ? maximum of $1,280 tor a single person or $2,800 tor a family, may be deducted. This includes hospital bills, treatment, diagnosis and ev erything connected with medical and dental care. Farmer Deductions Wages, Seed, Repairs, Tools, Fertilisers, Depreciation. In general, a farmer who operates a farm for profit is entitled to de duct from gross Income as neces sary expenses all amounts actually expended in carrying on the busi ness of farming. The wages paid tor hired labor are deductible. The value of products furnished by the farm and used in the board of hired labor is not a deductible expense, but food purchased and furnished to hired hands is deductible. Farmers may deduct the cost of grain and hay, amounts paid for grinding and processing feed, amount paid tor hire of machinery, cost of farm supplies, gasoline for farming, repairs and upkeep of cars. Amounts expended for repairs and maintenance of farm buildings, (ex cept the dwelling), fences, drains and other farm improvements, and for repairs and maintenance of farm machinery and equipment are de ductible. Amounts expended for re placement of, or additions to, farm machinery, farm buildings, or other farm equipment of a permanent na ture are not deductible as such ex penditures are regarded as invest ment of capital which is returned to the owner through depreciation allowances during the useful life of the property. The cost of small tools of short life may be deducted. The cost of com mercial fertilizers and lime, the benefit of which is of short dura tion, is deductible as an expense. The amount expended in the resto ration of soil fertility preparatory to actual production of crops and the cost of liming soil to increase pro ductiveness over a period of years are capital expenditures, and thus are not deductible. Fees paid for advertising farm products; expenditures for stamps, stationery, account books and other office supplies purchased for farm use; expenditures for travel in con nection with the farm business and other similar miscellaneous expendi tures are deductible. An allowance for depreciation of buildings, improvements, machin ery, or other farm equipment of a permanent nature is deductible. The amount claimed on account of de preciation should not exceed the original cost of the property. Repairs on depreciation on the dwelling occupied by the farmer or on his personal or household equip ment are not deductible. It is not permissible to claim as a separate item depreciation on livestock or any other property included in the farm er's inventory, as such depreciation is taken care of in the reduced amount of the inventory at the close of the year. However, depreciation may be claimed on livestock ac quired for work, breeding or dairy purposes which are not included in the inventon' of livestock pur chased or raised for sale. Here's One Gang That Can Come Along! As burdensome as the income tax may trst appear. It allows (or many deductions. Mr. Taxpayer pictured - above Is seen with a host of exemptions, including state gasoline tax, state sales tax, license foes, amusement tax, eommunieatiens tax, charitable and religions contributions, etc. For every $1H the taxpayer can legiti mately deduct, he saves PLM h taxes. N ? ? , . ? . "a - . Who's News This Week By Delos Wheeler Lovelace CoMobd??d rutuni -VNU H?Ium. KJEW YORK.?first there were Art Nehfs own three World Series victories over the Yankees at the Ruthian years; no other pitcher WSveS Time* 3 Victories Chalked came anoth Up for the Nehf. -J^-j /natched, two sons and a daughter. Now, in a drift at pungent smoke over the Solomons, Art Junior racks' up three Zeros. The friends who walked and talked with Old Art?he is barely 50?when he was about the best left-handed pitcher of the twenties, read of young Art's three-timer and begad to think back. Arthur Newcamb Nehf, Terre Haute-born and a graduate electrical engineer when John McGraw side tracked him into the Polo Grounds, has lived so long in Phoenix, Ariz., that he is a legendary shadow across the big league trails, but the friends made him a man alive there once more. They made him a man to be remembered for more than base ball, too. They spoke of him as D'Artagnan, Porthos and Aramis spoke of Athos, the thoughtful, the just. Art Junior did only what they expected at Art Senior's sen when the Japs bare in trans ive compass points. Be was seared bet, "I knocked off three at these monkeys," and damaged the ether two. Then, "They hit me and I couldn't do mneh so I ran like b?I," and crashed. Now, however, he is as fresh as new paint again. In some such whirl of action Art Senior took his first game from the Yanks. For eight innings die bats of Ruth and the cocky others bore in'from all the compass points. Nehf had a 1-0 score, one out and one on in the ninth when Home-Run Baker hit a ball like a bullet. A good judge who saw Johnny Rawlings race for it off second base still calls the stop thg greatest play of baseball. High-pockets Kelly and the marvel ous Frank Frisch, that day at third, finished the double play That was in 1921. Nehf won his other two in '22 and '23. IF Maj. Gen. Eugene Reybold hadn't decided 18 years ago that he was on the wrong track the army corps of engineers would jump for A Big Gun Man Start* A f reth and He was a Engineer, Profit bi? ?"a man then, ten years out of the coast artillery school at Fort Monroe; and come to think of it, pretty old to be mak ing a fresh start, 42. But young enough. Eleven years later, when the Mis sissippi went on a rampage and an army engineer was needed, he got the nod. The block and tackle he threw then has kept Old Man River quiet ever since. Now a thick-set, irm-meuthed commander ef Si, he directs all engineers through an encyclo pedia ef special )oks that this global war has added to the traditional bridge-betiding, map making, eameofage and eon itractien. Reports from Africa and Britain, whore ha has Jot been, are' that nothing of any great shahli Is lagging. Here and there/the material aaay be a little short, hot in each a pinch the army engineers week won ders with bating wire, shevrli ? and the sergeant's motherly coaxing. The general got his corps pre pared for war a year ago when he streamlined it into nine divisional units, esch overlapping those of the army's own nine service commands.' The honor lists already give Gen eral Reybold a Distinguished Serv ice Medal. ? C* VERY month fresh signs arise that after peace there will al ways be a better England. Now the word is out that this will be with How High Bobby ?? ^ Chief Ha, Climbed land. King From How Low! Morrison, Londonderry born. Gal way schooled in part, to be minister at town and country piamimg He is to see that dream cities become visi ble where Nazi bombs have now heaped rubble. Ihc new minister already is home secretary, head of England's police. Morrison's father was a London bobby. In a dozen other posts over the years the home secretary and min ister of planning has become known as cos of the government's most able executives.
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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March 4, 1943, edition 1
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