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The Alamance Gleaner ! , VoL LXIX GRAHAM, N. C.f THURSDAY, JUNE 3, 1943 ? No. WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Attu Victory Brings U. S. Nearer Tokyo; Flood Damage Menaces Food Production; Labor Stirred by Lewis Bid to AFL; Churchill: 'Bomb Jap Cities to Ashes' (?arrows NOT*: Whn u* lm UtM Mislua, ta?y u? th? *T W.ittin D>i?B'i Mn auljU* Ml m( utMMrily ?* tkis MviNMr.) ' 1 ~ Rtltaasd by WHtWn N?S?pap?r Uakm. Fated from one end of the eenntry. to the ether far Ida exploit* in Meeting down the record number of 26 jap plane*, Marine Capt. Joseph Mas received from President Rooaevelt the Congressional Medal of Honor lar "ontetanding heroism and courage above and beyond the call of doty." Pfcaia ahtrws, left to right: President Rooaevelt; Mrs. Mary Fogs, moth en of (he air hero; Captain Fosi and his Wife, June, adjusting the medal aiaand his neck. ALEUTIANS: Tokyo Gets Nearer The Japanese government had prepared the civilian population of Nippon for the fall of Attu through the medium of a report indicating that the last defenders of the Aleu tian Islands outpost were making a death stand against attacking Amer ican troops. the-Japs were singing their Attu. swan song, reports from Wash . htgtnn had disclosed the strategic moves that had succeeded in bot tling the enemy up. Two American columns, landed on opposite sides a( the island, had joined and trapped the Japs on a narrow front on the northwestern end of Attu. Japs Warn Reds As American air power thus moved closer to Tokyo, the Japs showed their unrest. Apparently the success of Allied bombings of Ger many had stirred the Japanese gov ernment to the dangers ahead should the United Nations be per mitted by Russia to use Siberian bases. The result was a Tokyo broadcast reported by the British warning Rus sia that "if in the future she ever put her Siberian bases at the dis posal of the United States, the Japa nese army will resort to a blitzkrieg and will deal upon her the heaviest blows Russia has ever known." AFL TO LEWIS: *Come Back Home' Unpredictable John L. Lewis knocked at the door of the Amer ican Federation of Labor carrying in his hand mi application for the re adnaiasiah of his United Mine Work ers. Just eight years before he had torn the parent union asunder in the greatest labor schism in history. That the door would be opened wide to the errant Mine Workers ? was evident from AFL President ' William Green's announcement that the federation's executive council was considering Lewis' application in an "orderly and sympathetic way." Green said he personally welcomed the miners and reminded toe public that for seven or eight years he had said the latch string was out and he wanted the miners "to come back home." What effect LesMs' move would have on the present peace negotia tions between the AFL and the CIO which Lewis founded and later quit, was not immediately evident. EUROPE: Air Blasts Continue In the wake of ebbing (\pod waters toat had swept disastrously through Germany's industrial Ruhr valleys hem the Eder and Moehne dams, Shattered by RAF bombs, American Pfctog Fortresses inflicted further punishment on the Nazis in attacks an submarine and shipbuilding yards at Kiel and Flensburg, 40 miles away. Air Force communiques said the ^escorted bombers had left both targets in flames and shot down assay enemy fighter planes that had tried to ward them off. FLOODS: Peril Farm Output Ruined crops, inundated cities, damaged homes and casualties from drownings resulted from the disas trous flood that started in Midwest ern farm states and spilled south from rivers and streams flowing into the Mississippi river. As emergency crews and troops had toiled to oheck the rise of flood waters and hold down damage from breaks in Mississippi river levees protecting rich farm lands and war plants, weather bureau officials at tributed the flood to unprecedented May rains. In Illinois alone the continuous rains had destroyed 100,000 acres of corn, wheat and oats. Other states reporting serious crop destruction were: Indiana, Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas and Oklahoma. The flood losses represented a critical threat to the nation's epochal wartime food production crusade. The damage resulted not only from crops already in, but from serious delays in plant ing corn and other vital cereal crops. CLOTHES: May Avoid Rationing Rationing of clothing and other textiles may be avoided as a result of plans worked out between offi cials of the War Production board and retail clothing dealers, it was announced in Washington. Under the new plan the WPB will make possible increased production of more essential types of clothing and textiles. At the same time re tailers have promised to revise cer tain practices and develop new methods designed to relieve pres sure on the industry. "We believe we can avoid clothes rationing and other textiles this win ter and perhaps indefinitely, if we get adequate support from the pub lic," said an official statement. CHURCHILL: 'Hitler First; Japs Next' War to the death on Japan, but defeat of Hitler first was the recipe for complete United Nations' victory prescribed by Prime Minister Wins ton Churchill in his historic speech before congress. Answering congressional critics who predicted that Britain would leave the burden of defeating Japan to America, Mr. Churchill pledged the empire to war side by side with the United States "while there is still breath in our bodies and while blood flows through our veins." He prom ised, further, that British air power will join with American to bomb Jap cities and war industries, adding: "In ashes they must surely lie be fore peace comes to the world." He defended present United Na tions strategy founded on the -Judg ment of President Roosevelt, him self and their military advisers that "while defeat of Japan would not mean the defeat of Germany, the de feat of Germany would infallibly mean the ruin of Japan." Greater aid for both China and Russia ware promised by Churchill. GAS CRISIS: Middle West Next? As the gasoline supply crisis mounted along the Atlantic sea board, Price Administrator Prentiss M. Brown decreed a complete ban on pleasure driving in 12 eastern states, part of another and in the District of Columbia. The states affected by the ruling were Maine, New Hampshire, Ver mont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jer sey, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Mary land and Virginia. In addition eight eastern - counties in West Virginia were affected. Previously the OPA had sought to curb nonessential driving through a voluntary "honor system." That additional restrictions loomed ahead was indicated by Petroleum Administrator Harold L. Ickes, who said that the East would have to cut its gasoline consumption still further and that new restrictions may be put into effect in the Middle West so that some gasoline may be diverted from there to the seaboard area. FOOD CONFERENCE: Postwar Goals Outlined Continuance of food rationing aft er the war, the creation of a global agricultural commission and the as surance that the people of the world will be better fed in the postwar period were among goals agreed upon by delegates representing the "big four" of the United Nations?the United States, Great Britain, .China and Soviet Russia?attending the food conference at Hot Springs, Va. In addition the delegates were said to be in agreement on declara tions advocating continued agricul tural expansion throughout the pe riod of post-war relief, on a state ment favoring the reduction of world tariffs and on educational measures to promote better nutritional goals. Although no binding agreements linked the delegates, Paul H. Ap pleby, undersecretary of agriculture and acting chairman of the Ameri can delegation, said that represen tatives of 44 governments attending the conference had come forward with offers of co-operation. FARM IMPLEMENTS: Bigger Output Ahead Production of farm machinery in 1944 at an estimated rate of BO per cent of the average annual output in the 1940-41 period, and unlimited production of repair parts was ap proved by the War Production board. Release of the official order await ed completion of a farm-to-farm check being made by the War Food administration to determine specific machinery items needed by 6,000,000 DONALD NELSON ?. . Concentration a mdead duck." farmers, Paul Henry, head ot the WFA'a production equipment branch, revealed. Concentration of the farm equip ment industry previously ordered in a WPB directive, is to be eliminat ed. Donald Nelson, WPB chairman, announced that "concentration is a I dead duck." Thus large farm equip ment manufacturers whose sales are over $10,000,000 are permitted to come back into production. RUSSIANS: Reds Press Hard Even as former Ambassador Jos eph E. Davies was engaged in con ferences with Rues Premier Joseph Stalin in furtherance of his second and historic mission to Moscow, Red armies were reported by the Ger mans to have launched major at tacks on four points along a 1,100 mile section of the Eastern front from the Volkhov sector to the Ku ban valley in the Caucasus. In the Caucasus campaign Red army troops shattered two Nad at tacks, according to a Soviet report, and blasted 14 boatloads of Nazis at tempting to retreat over the Kuban river. In the vicinity of Novorossisk, last remaining Axis bridgehead in the Caucasus, Russian forces continued their pressure, breaking up Nad tank assaults and tightening their of fensive ring around the key city. Milk Takes Important Place in Nation's War Diet; Dairy Industry Breaks All Production Records to Meet Needs Bi E. M. HARMON lUteuad bj WMan N?wapap?r Uafen. In a time when milk has be- y come more important as a dia tary factor than ever before, the U. S. dairy industry has tak en a front rank in the war effort by smashing all records for pro duction. During the first four months of this year, 37,157,000, 000 pounds of milk were pro duced, 212,000,000 pounds over last year's mark for the same period. That is enough increased pro duction in quarts of milk to make a row of milk bottles from San Francisco to Boston by way of Chicago and baek through New York City, Washington, D. C., and St. Louis to the Carls bad Caverns in New Mexico. In other words, more than 26,000,000 dairy cows on American farms are greatly exceeding last year's record breaking production. With the single exception of April of this year milk production each month has been higher every month than for the corresponding month of the previous year since January, 1M0. In January, 1948, production was 47,000,000 pounds over January of last year and 1,246,000,000 pounds over the average for January in the years of 1939 to 1939. In February, 1943, these 26,000,000 cows produced 53,000,000 pounds more milk than in February of 1942, and in March pro duction exceeded that of March last year by 133,000,000 pounds. Due largely to the lateness of the season this year April production is 60,000, 000 pounds below last year but is still 1,317,000,000 pounds above the average for the years 1939 to 1939. Hard Work ,Dees Job. But don't get the impression that these - record-breaking yields are being easily accomplished. Labor and equipment shortages are mak ing what is always hard work even more difficult. On the one and a quarter million dairy farms of the nation these producers, their wives, daughters and small children are toiling long hours to take the places of the big brothers and hired hands who have gone to war. On more than 3,000,000 other farms, where a few cows are kept as a sideline, equal efforts are being made. Always important- to health and well-being of the nation, milk and its products become doubly so during tha war emergency. The master menus of the army call for fresh fluid milk every day and for butter at every meal. They call for fre quent servings of cheese, ice cream and other dairy products. Field ra tions are made up very largely of milk in concentrated forms. Executives and managers of fac tories and offices are coming to real ize the part that diet plays in effi ciency of workers and to insist on ? greater utilization erf nflk and lta products. In many cases by simply Installing a mid-meal milk service, gpci4ent rates have bean reduced as much as SO per cent and tha amount of work per employee mate rially Increased. The nutrition program of the Na tional Dairy Council is of fundamen tal importance in developing this na tional health consciousness. Born "of research discoveries which pointed to the place of dairy products in correcting some of the nutritional deficiencies of the first World War,* this program is now in its 29th year. For nearly a quarter of a century the Dairy Council has spearheaded a nutrition education program in the schools and among the more than 3,000,000 doctors, nurses, dentists, dietitians, teachers and other opin ion-forming leaders who largely de termine the food habits of the na tion. It is fitting that tha results of these efforts should come to their maximum fruition during this emer gency period when such information is so much needed to achieve war efficiency. That the lessons on the value of dairy products to human health are being learned is shown by the fact that total consumption of all dairy products in milk equivalent rose from 809 pounds per person in 1839 to 1839 to 825 pounds per person per year in 1M1 and from that to 854 pounds per person in 1848. Consump tion of fluid milk and cream per capita rose from 318 pounds in 1935 39 to 381 pounds in 1842. Cheese consumption increased from 5.S pounds to 0.4 pounds and ice cream consumption from a little over 7 quarts to 13 quarts per capita dur ing that same period. Consumption of milk in most other forms in creased. This growing appreciation of the food values of milk and its prod ucts has resulted in a realization by government that lighting forces must have adequate quantities of dairy products. It has caused milk and its products to be given No. 1 place among the protective foods. It is even made necessary the furnish ing of vast quantities of dairy prod ucts to our Allies. All of this adds up to the greatest opportunity and the greatest chal lenge that has ever come to the dairy industry. It means that the greatest contribution the skilled dairy farmer or dairy plant worker can make is to stay right on the pro duction line, feeding soldiers and war workers. Without foods of the right kind, army efficiency goes down and the war workers' efficien cy declines. To feed these lighting forces and our Allies the government requires dairy plants to "set aside" 30 per cent of all the butter made each month. That will be approximately 839,000,000 pounds of butter a year. Almost 11.J50.000.000 pounds of milk an required to make that much but ter, or more than *>,000,000 pounds of milk a day. Stated di?erently. the milk that is required every day to make butter tar government needs would fill a train of J7,500-pound ca pacity tank cars, SJ miles long. But that la only a part of the government needs for lend lease aim I for the army. Fifty per cent of all the American Cheddar cheese is being called for by the government for wartime needs. It is anticipated that this will amount to about 375, 000,000 pounds of cheese this year. Another 4,000,000,000 pounds of milk are needed to make this cheese. That is 11,000,000 pounds of milk a day. H we were to take an average farm from the one and a quarter milium dairy farms of the United States and ask that they produce enough milk to meet the government* s cheese needs for the war emergency for one day, it would take that farm 130 years to do so. V. B. to Increase Purchases. During the period af heavy pro duction beginning May 1, the gov ernment is requiring that the amount of butter to be set aside fcrW less* and the fighting force* be in creased from 30 to 80 pec cent. Likewise, the cheddar cheeae re quired for these puxpoeea to in creased from 50 per cent to 70 per cent. However, it to assumed that this to done to get the bo* ef the government needs while supplies are the largest end thus leave feirly uniform amounts for civilians throughout the year. It to not antic ipated that the total governmental needa will exceed SO per cent of the butter and 50 per cent of the Ched dar cheese for the entire year. Evaporated milk to being called for by the armed force# to the ex tent of JO,000,000 cases a year. That call# for 1,000,000,000 more pounds. In addition fresh fluid milk is on the irmy master menus every day, and Ice cream to served from I to 12 times a month. Milk is also served frequently in cocoa and various oth er forma. Of defatted milk powder there to practically no limit to the needs of the government, both for the fighting forces and for lend lease. Manu facturers are required to sell 90 per cent of all their "spray process milk powder to the government Many of them dispose of aU of tt in that way. Altogether about 511. 000,000 pounds of defatted milk pow der was made last year from about 7U billion pound# of skim mitt. Probably another 2,000,000,000 pounds of defatted mitt powder iould be made if the price were high enough to encourage diverting it from livestock feed ""J* drying machinery could be made available. In spite of every effort along the production line it will not be poesuMe to provide civilians with all of the dairy products they want. Ice cream production has been reduced to ? per cent of that msda last year, in order to make the additional mitt solids available for our fighting forces. Thst means there will only be 5 5 quarts per civilian this year as compared with 13 quart# tost year. After the necessary butter has been eat aside for army and tod lease needs there will only be about 12 pounds each for civilians this year compared with 17 pounds in formeT years. Taking out the army re quirements for cheddar cheeae, dvil ians will probably have reduce their cheese consumption from 5.5 pounds tost year to less than 5 pounds this year. These curtailments represent a distinct sacrifice on the part of con sumers. 1 1 DTC1KAUD DA1BT FIOBOCTf ros oum akmt CMiHrtMf ?f Dilly QarrtM BaOan vnu Van im4il* World War I World War XI Vroah m?k f oa. Evaporated milk Sk oa. lot. Butter ft oa. Sot. ?ar jsftr* 6 aarvod on tha a vara f a twlco waakly at rafular maala aad oaten In largo quaatt tteo In eanteono?In far largar amounts than In World War L nkLatecL ( (fptgj/dtoC?*i) \ )<lu<Lpo^atejdU QkeddaA, Butte.if rCy=? ?* ^ ? -1 1?^?* DAIRY PRODUCTS manufactured in tha United Statet-1942 Shaded area* (hew amount* required far una laoia ana riontinj rafcai in iY4v* SOUKCIi U.S. MPAKTMINT OF AORICUtTUKI Iw?vy pwAndm ?lb mad mm mid?< f U wJwdta A* few pniutlmj pirti 4. Who's News This Week By Deloe Wheeler LaraUim KTEW YORK?The close mwhad 1 ~ infantry net of Maj. G?(l Omar N. Bradley dipped up whole dirt si one at the floundering Nazis fat Qui* and Studio*. /a th. C.noral in were a 1 FioryPattuJ.ro* some American general atlhwTS when they assumed conapictsous poets of command in this war. Mar shall's admirers instated that be had been a prodigy even aa a she retail. MacArthur was the century's Bay ard, and still has no riraL Stihrall was a king of catch-as-csteb-can fighters, talked * besides a dozen dialects. Patton eras a Paul Bunyan who could hears a tank like a potato. There seem to be no similar flour ishes fat the history of Bradley, new ly in command at the American Second corps ta place of the sal phurous Patton. He is 9*. Bradley was gradaatad Baas Weal Petal two years iilai the last war and at IB end was a years later he was hash la a Meanwhile he had moo te ?? Command and General Staff asheoi. tha War college, and the fnlhidiy ?rrKni-il m - * - - ? |fl_ scnooi, Mvtncto course, uo wnm so ranch study rated the command ancy od the Ft. Hrrwifcvg Iafanliyt Now he mores into 8a tough headquarters that Patton baa vacat ed, a quiet general who might pans for a professor. Hie wide forehead is cerebral, his long, narrow face full of thought. But he is mi fe lon try expert. WHEN Laurence A. MteA set off to be einhaieednr at Ankara be spoke German. Spanish. French and Swedish well, ad he At Thtir Nttda ^ Are, Steinkmrdtt would man C*hmrM - uoUMTUDifssita ia Tarkisb. toe. Sure enoutti, here he ate pretty none while the Axis rushes diplomat lc reinforcements to tug at a Turkey leaning more and more toward the Allied table. Stein ha rdt's performancy is a score for President Ruuaerelfs orig inal inner circle. He eras ot flse coterie which counseled FDR when the latter would have settled, and in writing, for just one term. The group has been considerably bsuhan but Steinhardt always takes has aid place in the huddle whtnoeor ha gets to the White House. Ha is sat ef the tsaairyje euHeb^s Swsdca^*too^ langMl aver had sppaSated is a majsr past. Next he want la bads. He gel Is Pern. also. A nephew of the late legal swash buckler. Samuel Untermyer, ha toad to practice law. He was hssa in New York City 91 years ago and. stand ing practically on his own doorstep, picked up three degrees tram Co lumbia university. His wife has one only, but she is a better linguist. She speaks seven languages, and on top of that is breath-taking. IBs daughter speaks seven languages, too. ? A QUARTER century of study, about half his life, goes into the plans Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur W. Tedder is making to strata the 1,000 F,t Plmmtt Downed, Now Going Hitler's dl "" ~ landings at Casablanca and Oran and the Nasi collapse before Bixerte and Tunis his air forces finished J.000 enemy pisses. Now he is free to go after the Italian cities which helped make the planes and other Nasi arms. Ii World War I Br Arthur 1 fought ever France to the pa too ? sole airships of the Royal Fly tog fares. Owe ttosa ha wan a deterstica from tha Italians, al lies than; three times hn was manUanad to dUpatahq. Whan tha Bocha roll spaed an tha Mouse and in tha Araonns and the RFF bars ma the peace tins RAF! Tedder stayed on and rose steadily. vHe has bean chief of the Mediter JEThototof authority ever French AttLtiLr * - ' *. ?* M M&2 ,
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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June 3, 1943, edition 1
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