Washington, D. C.
AXIS MORALE IS CRACKING
Military reports that have leaked
out of Germany in the past two ot
three weeks indicate quite definitely
that Nazi morale is cracking. These
reports, through channels which can
not be revealed, were quite definite
even before Propaganda Minister
Goebbels delivered his give-away
speech warning that saboteurs on
the home front would be beheaded.
Reports also are definite that the
German army no longer has the re
serves, no longer has the fighting
backbone for a long war. Resent
ment against Hitler boils beneath
the surface in the German army.
German soldiers will keep on fight
ing, and are toughly trained, des
nnrotalif ktHinn orlimrcnrinc Rut
|/v * H bV SSSVIU1? au vvioot iWO.
their heart isn't In it anymore.
All these factors, plus powerful
wallops by the Allies, have created
an atmosphere in which anything
might happen. It is an atmosphere
not unlike that which existed in the
autumn of 1918. There are those in
high places who think the war in
Europe might be over anytime this
winter, depending entirely on Nazi
morale.
But in Asia the war is moving at
a snail's pace. In Burma, though the
rains are already over, nothing has
happened. Many observers think
that nothing will happen until late
this winter, and that,the real drive
through Burma toward South China
will be reserved for a year from
now?the fall of 1944.
? ? ?
WILL ROGERS IN LONDON
Congressman Will Rogers of Cali
fornia, son of the cowboy humorist,
came back from London singing the
praises of American-British co-oper
ation in England.
American troops, which he de
scribed as the new "Army of Occu
pation," live off the fat of the land
and are treated royally by the Brit
ish. There is nothing too good for
them. Only trouble is they occa
sionally take a girl away from a
British Tommy.
Will's father was a frequent vis
itor in London, and everyone re
membered him. So it was like old
home week for the young congress
man from California.
** ? ? ?
BRITISH IDLE OIL
Maine's eagle-eyed Senator Brew
ster met Gen. B. B. Somervell, chief
of the army's service forces on the
Pacific island of Fiji, immediately
tackled him on the dynamite-laden,
all-important question of why the
U.S.A. was supplying nearly 70 per
cent ot all Allied oil, though we
have only 25 per cent of the world's
oil reserves.
"Right around the Persian Gulf,"
reminded Senator Brewster, "the
British have oil refineries and limit
less quantities of oil. Why don't we
get more oil out of the Near East in
stead of hauling it all the way from
Texas?"
"We are rushing refining equip
ment to Arabia as quickly as we
can," replied General Somervell.
"Yes," countered the senator from
Maine, "but why use precious ship
ping space carting refining equip
ment half way around the world
when the British already have a re
finery at the Gulf of Persia. The
manager of the Anglo-Persian oil
company told us that his refinery
could produce 60 per cent more oil.
Why not put it to work instead of ex
hausting our own oil reserves?
"Furthermore," Brewster contin
ued, "the crude oil from Persian
wells is so good that It can be
pumped right into ships as bunker
oil without refining. If we don't get
busy and use it, we'll wake up after
the war to find the United States
with no oil left, and dependent on
the British Empire."
? ? ?
CABOOSE 8LEEPERS
Cornfed Senator Ed Johnson ot
Colorado got his start as a railroad
telegrapher, still proudly carries a
union card. So he was well qualified
to preside over the War Mobilization
committee when A. F. Whitney,
president of the Brotherhood of Rail
road Trainmen, testified on manpow
er and other railroad problems.
Whitney objected to the policy of
some railroads In refusing to let
train crews sleep in idle cabooses.
Trainmen away from home frequent
It can't irpt hotel flrrnmmoHntinn*
but railroad officials argue that it li
unsanitary and also dangerous foi
them to sleep in "cabs," which
sometimes have to be switched.
"When I was a working trainman,
we always lived in our cabooses,"
Whitney said, "not because rooms
were not available at hotels, but
because it was more convenient."
"Many's the time I have slept iz
cabooses myself," reminisced John
son.
? ? ?
MERRY-GO-ROUND
C American doughboys in Iran have
found a good way to dodge U. S.
military police and get out of camp
at night. They take advantage oi
the Mohammedan custom of veiling
their women, and slip on a full
length, coverall veil which Iranian
women wear from bead to toe. Mil
itary police have been instructed tc
protect Iranian women and prevent
all flirting, so they don't dare stop
a veiled figure to ask her (or him)
to lower the veil, and aoa wbethei
pa American doughboy Is behind it
' "i
Italian Scenes Preceding New War Declaration
Thirty-five days after surrendering to the Allies, Italy declared war on her former Axis partner, Ger
many. Marshal Pietro Badofllo announced the declaration and said that German ferocity had "surpassed
every limit of human imagination" at Naples. In picture above, British anti-aircraft units are shown cover
ing the arrival of troops near the Chiunzi pass, gateway to that city. Inset: After the fall of Naples, Italians
mobbed a ear carrying three fascist generals who had been in charge of defenses there. The generals had
with ihn onH rnnnippf) AlliM nrntnoHAn frrtm th? inrrv Italian mac?pe
Yankees in Germany Fare Better Than Gvilians
A visiting delegate of the War Prisoners Aid of the YMCA made these photographs of captured American
soldiers at a German prison camp southeast of Berlin. The prison camp fare plus weekly I'A pound food
packages from the American Red Cross give the interned Yankees a better diet than that of.German civil
ians. Top left: Prisoners receive Red Cross food parcels. Bottom left: American prisoners lined up before
the mess hall. Some wear British uniforms because theirs were worn out or destroyed in battle. Right:
Henry Soderberg, Swedish YMCA representative, talks with a leader of American prisoners.
Polio Victim and His Family
Fred B. Suite, who hat (pent the last seven peart of his life in an Iron
long fighting infantile paralysis, is shown with his wife and two children
as they left Chicago, IH., bound for Florida. J
Old and New Typewriter Keyboards
- w
I Toy: New typewriter keyboard designed by Lieut. Comdr. Aognst
1 Drorak compared with the old keyboard at bottom. The aew arrangement
1 glrea the right band more work and is designed to increase speed. White
' lines separate the work dene by each hand an the aid and aew keyboards.
Indian WAVE
1^?M|l ' II I Mlllll
Seaman Second Class Carolyn
White Bear, first full-blooded Indian
to be graduated from the D. S. na
val training school in New York,
shows her identification card to a
shore patrolman.
Jail or Deportation?
Stanley Moearaky of Rartfnt,
Conn., who nu riven the alterna
tive ?( a Jail aentenee or leavinf the
II. S. forever when he told a federal
Jndfe that he refued to Irht for
this coon try.
(?special aftticlesx i
i by the leading
Destruction of
Hamburg
By Walter Taub
1
(WNU Future?Through special arrangement
with Collier a Weekly)
Four hundred refugees from Ham
burg are now in Sweden, eyewit
nesses of the greatest havoc that
ever smote any human settlement.
The first attack on Hamburg was
delivered on the night of July 24.
The attack was concentrated against
anti-aircraft batteries, with excellent
results. Most of the batteries were
silenced in a few minutes.
Then, say these eyewitnesses,
came an absolute novelty in the his
tory of bombing?bearing witness to
the scientific care devoted to plan
ning the attack. Special reconnais
sance planes appeared over the city,
picking oot certain industrially im
portant sections with green flares
dropped by parachutes.
These flares hovered like bunches
of grapes in the air and aided the
bombers coming in afterward to
drop their explosives in a square
around the section thus marked, so
that buildings for whole blocks col
lapsed and all roads and communi
cations between that section and the
remainder of the city were choked
off.
This was not done to prevent the
inhabitants from getting out, but to
hinder the transfer of firemen and
fire-fighting apparatus from other
sections in the effort to save war
important buildings and their con
tents.
When communications were thus
closed, there began a rain of incen
diaries that spread fires over such
a large area that practically the
whole section was drowned in
flames. The work of air defense on
this and the following nights was
enormously hampered by this sim
ple but effective means which, as
far as I know, was applied here for
the first time.
'Dazzling Paper' Dropped.
Mrs. Anna Johansson, a refugee
in Malmoe, refers also to "sheets of
paper, black on one side and daz
zling silver on the other, dropped
by thousands from the bombers."
Twenty-five other Hamburg Swedes
attest to the correctness of her state
ment. Air-defense searchlight beams
were reflected all ways from these
sheets, thus being prevented from
reaching the raiding aircraft with
full intensity and making the job of
locating them much more difficult.
The first assault was directed at
the inner town. The free port, cov
ering an area of more than 3,500
acres, naturally was not spared dur
ing this 90-minute attack, but not
until the next raid on Sunday, a day
raid, was the most devastating blow
directed at this pride of Hamburg.
That Sunday, Hamburg displayed
an unusual appearance. Even in the
forenoon, giant clouds of smoke and
dust enveloped the whole town,
I darkening the sky.
I Then the sirens screamed, and a
big formation of American bombers
reduced to ashes the continent's hi*
gest shipyards.
These were the plants of Blohm
and Voss, Vulkanwerft and Howalds
werft?where the biggest steamers
are built, repaired and docked.
Monday night, during the fresh
British attack, the big gas plant in
the harbor section received a direct
hit. That terrible explosion deprived
the city of gas.
RAF Keeps Promise.
That evening, none among Ham
burg's 1,700,000 inhabitants was will
ing to retire to bed, for the RAF
| had dropped leaflets promising a
repetition of Sunday's raid on Tues
day. Hamburgers, from whom Hit
ler was once compelled to admit he
had received the most "no" votes,
always listen to tbe British radio
and they know, therefore, that "the
British keep their promises."
Oa Tuesday morning at 11:34, the
few semaining sirens screamed. The
attack began at 12:34. The raid last
ed only half an honr, but it sufficed
to convert Hamburg into a veritable
sea 01 me. mm me central mains
destroyed, hundreds of thousands of
those tearing the shelters would
hare given a fortune for a (lass of
water. The heat was unbearable,
in a wind storm Uke a typhoon.
The (iant bonfire resulted in a rapid
consumption of oxygen. Terrible ire
storms resulted In areas where a
few minutes earlier complete calm
had prevailed.
Wednesday morning, the city like
a macs of fire lay in ruins and ashes.
Sections housing 300,000 people were
razed to the ground.
The main railroad station. Saint
Georg, was a terrible sight on Wed
nesday, with charred railroad cars
on sidings and unrecognizably
smashed automobiles.
A Swedish girl saw people blazing
from phosphorus cast themselves
into water?but the phosphorus
burned there equally well. Lime was
strewn on the corpses scattered
about the streets, and the odor of
death lay heavy over the whole town.
Who's News
This Week
By
Deloi Wheeler Lovelace
Consolidated Features.?WNU Release.
NEW YORK ?New word that the
Germans are systematically ex
terminating war prisoners either by
outright murder or by inhuman
.. . . forced la
NaiiTreatmentof bor comes
War Prisoners Is from Niko
Murder, He Says If1 Bu^den
ko, chief
surgeon of the Red army who has
been loaded with honors for his
services to science. He is a Hero
of Socialist Labor (recipients of this
title receive simultaneously the Or
der of Lenin and the Hammer and
Sickle); member of the Academy of
Sciences of the USSR; and winner
of the Stalin prize.
When the later honor was con
ferred Burdenko said that it was
a tribute to the whole of Russian
science. He boasted then that
70 per cent of all wounded Red
army men had been returned
to front line action during the
early phase of the war. Now
a-days this figure is surpassed.
Grandson of a serf, son of a clerk,
Burdenko worked at various jobs to
educate himself. During the Russo
Japanese war he volunteered in a
medical unit. Afterwards he com
pleted his studies at Yuriev Derpt
university, and during World War I
served as a surgeon in front line
hospitals. In 1938 he organized the
famous hospital for treatment of
neuro-pathological cases.
Sixty-five years old now, Acad
emician Burdenko is still inde
fatigable. He says that mortal
ity in German prison camps is
20 to 30 per cent, and believes
that German treatment of their
prisoners should be adjudged or
dinary murder.
?
\XfHEN t?eace comes, the watch
* dog of the national purse, the
comptroller general, looks for
claims galore growing out of can
Comp.-Gen. Warren ""nfra7tl
Popular in Capital that may
Despite Pie Deal total as
much as 50
billion dollars. He looks also for
leaks, startling even in these days
of astronomical costs, and is asking
congress for the final say on all such
items.
Claimants, however, hardly
need worry, for Lindsay Carter
Warren was once called "the
fairest minded man in the house
of representatives." The speak
er was a ReDublican. and War
ren Is a Democrat, which makes
it all the better.
He resigned from the house in '41
to become comptroller after serv
ing from 1925. Solidly built, easy
speaking, he is popular on Capitol
Hill. At one time he ran the house
restaurant and brought it trium
phantly out of the red by charging
15 cents for pie.
Between Washington, D. C.,
and Washington, N. C., where
he was born in 1889, lie years
of steady climbing. Graduating
in law from the University of
North Carolina, he practiced for
a time; became county attorney
of Beaufort county, went on to
the state senate and thence to *
the country's capital.
Married since 1916, with three
children, he is a great family man.
Nevertheless, there are rumors of
at least one poker game. He is said
in one week-end session to have
trimmed FDR himself.
?
PRANK M. SWACKER is prob
r ably, the only lawyer between
Maine and Miami who can talk deep
sea diving with the lead-shod profes
r- i P , sionals. He
Frank flf. Swacker once worked
Came to Bar by on the Span
Roandaboat Road jf*1 "eet
Sampson
sunk. That was after a bout with
yellow fever in New Orleans had
made him eligible for the SecorfB
U. S. Volunteer Infantry, Hood's
Immunes, in the Spanish-American
war. But it was before he swung
a sledge on sprouting railroads in
South and Central America.
Mr. Swacker wasn't admitted
to practice until he was 35. But
he was no sooner in than he was
a special assistant to the U. S.
attorney general and up to his
?l,t u. tk. ? n ?ii
n?ut uj uiv 11?w lUfCU IIIUI*
trust proceeding of 1914-17. The
railroads, employers and hands
recently received the Swacker
dissenting report on the elatms
of some 6M.099 operating em
ployees for a wage boost. The
majority of the emergency
board of three recommended a
4 per eent rise. The Swaeker
recommendation advocated 7V4
per cent.
The law problems of railroads
have kept Lawyer Swacker pretty
busy throughout the years, and rail
road labor probletQS have been his
avocation?the word is his own?the
nearest thing to a hobby that he will
admit indulging in. He attends to
them, and his law practice, at a
not too tidy desk in a Manhattan
office, double walled with his law
library. He is not so attentive that
be misses vagrant amusing items,
a quirky "e" in a typewritten let
ter, maybe. He first 4aw the light
of day in St. Louis, Mo., 84 years
ago.
CIRCLE
School Belle
A CLASSIC for the school-girl
** wardrobe, this casual jumper
with the set-in belt and ample
pockets will make her eyes spar
kle" even more brightly, getting
her off to a perfect start.
? ? ?
Barbara Bell Pattern No. 1871-B Is de
signed for sizes 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 years.
Size 8 requires 2\\ yards of 39-inch ma
terial for the jumper and 1% yards for
the blouse.
Due to an unusually large demand and
current war conditions, slightly more time
is required in filling orders for a few of
the most popular pattern numbers.
Send your order to:
SEWING CIRCLE PATTERN DEPT.
106 Seventh Ave. New York
Enclose 20 cents in coins for each
pattern desired.
Pattern No Size........
Name
Address
Hot Box, Flat Car, Morgue
Are Battlefront Exchanges
The WACs are gradually taking
over the telephone switchboards in
North Africa, thus releasing the
men operators for service in the
fields of battle. These girls are
doing a vital job, operating some
of the most important war equip
ment in the world. And according
to the various generals, their ef
ficiency is unsurpassed.
The wartime phone systems
have exchanges also. But G. I.'s
don't ffive them KeHate names ciieh
as "State" or "Plaza." When they
put a calh through to the battle
front, they ask for: Grizzly Bear,
Gypsy Lee, Morphine, Hot Box,
Flatcar, Morgue, Girdle, Hellza
poppin.
MOTHER GRAY'S
SWEET POWDERS CeV
Has merited tlis confidence of
mothers for mors than 45 years. Good fas
children who suffer occasional coaetipatism
?and for all the family whan a reliable,
pleasingly-acting laxative is needed. Pack
age of 16 eesv-to-take powders. 35c. Be sere
to ask for Mother Gray'a Sm?t Powders. At
nil drug stores.
Soldier Benedicts
One-third of the men in the U. &
army today are married.
AT FIRST ^
SIONOFA^^m
C$666
666 TABLETS. SALVE. NOSE DROPS
Take good-tasting tonic
many doctors recommend
Catch cold easily ? Littles ? Use quickly?
Help tone up your system I Take ScntA
Emulsion?contains natural A and D
Vitamins your (Bet may be larking Ilk