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The Alamance Gleaner yoLLXIX GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 1943 No. 41 WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Both Parties Study Election Trends; Higher Wage Scale Ends Coal Strike; Permit System May Regulate Marketing As Hog Shipments Flood Packing Plants (EDITOR'S NOTE: When opinions are expressed In these colamns, they are those of Western Newspaper Union's news analysts ani not necessarily of this newspaper.) __________ Released by Western Newspaper Union. Admiral William Halsey, left, and Gen. Douglas MacArthur map latest Allied war plans In South Pacific. Vice Admiral A. S. Carpenter is pic tured behind General MacArthur. HOGS: Heavy Receipts With hog shipments flooding pack ing centers and many slaughterers reported shifting receipts to less con gested yards, there were rumors that the government may impose a permit system to regulate market ing. During a recent three-day period, packers received 574,000 hogs, al most 40,000 over the record October peak of the previous week. With packers in possession of from three to ten days' supplies, 250 to 270 pounders brought $14.40 in the Chi cago yards, with weights below 180 pounds dropping from 15 cents to $1 under the $13.75 "floor." Although the government had worked out a permit system for marketing last year, it did not ap ply it when heavy runs leveled off. According to experts, preference would be given to bigger hogs if the permit system were to be applied now. Meat Production Meat production for 1944 will total 24 billion pounds, the Bureau of Ag ricultural Economics reported, but increased government needs will cut civilian allocations. More than 96 million hogs will be slaughtered in 1944, the BAE said, or three million more than this year. Because of smaller spring pig crops, however, next fall's marketings should drop below current levels. Despite record slaughterings in 1943, cattle on farms should number about 80 million head January 1. Because of the feed situation, total cattle fed should slide below 1943 levels in the corn belt and other areas, BAE said. Because of a shortage of ewes and labor, the 1944 lamb crop should be one to two million head smaller than this year, with slaughter also drop ping. Butchering of sheep at 1943 levels would seriously deplete sup plies by 1945. ELECTlbNS: GOP Trend With the election of Republican Simeon S. Willis as governor of Ken tucky, the GOP swept through all re cent elections to strengthen indica tions of a swing in the political pen dulum. In New York, Republican Joe R. Hanley amassed a majority of 348, 000 votes to win the lieutenant-gov ernorship from Democrat Lieut. Gen. William N. Haskell. Should Governor Tom Dewey decide to make the presidential race in 1944, Party-man Hanley will fill his shoes. Governor of New Jersey during World War I, Republican Walter Edge ran up a majority of 128,000 votes to win the office again during World War n, besting labor-backed Democrat Vincent Murphy. Republicans maintained their 62 year control of Philadelphia with the electibn of Republican Bernard Sam ael for mayor over White House fa vorite and Democrat William Bullitt by 64.000 votes. Said GOP National Chairman Har rison Spangler: "The light of the New Deal has flickered out." Re torted Democratic National Chair man Frank C. Walker: "I read no i national trend whatsoever in . . . the . . . results." ' COAL STRIKE: Agreement Reached John L. Lewis' 460,000 soft and hard coal miners were ordered back to their jobs following agreement on new wage conditions between the United Mine Workers' steely chief and Secretary of the Interior Harold Lewis (left) and Ickes. L. Ickes, acting on behalt of the government which again took over the pits when a serious strike threatened. Bypassing the War Labor board which had consented only to a wage increase of $1.12% daily, Lewis and Ickes worked out a formula boosting the bituminous miners' daily take to $1.50. Under the terms, the work day would be extended to 8% hours, with miners compensated for the average of 45 minutes of under ground travel time, but with their lunch time chopped from 30 to 15 minutes. Anthracite miners will receive 70 cents more daily, 37.8 cents more by sacrificing 15 minutes of their 30 minutes lunch time, and 32.2 cents more as a result of a previous WLB award. ITALY: j Line Sags With Generals Clark and Mont gomery bringing their full pressure to bear on the western and central sectors of the Germans' Massico ridge mountain line, the Nazis be gan to slowly give ground. As they drew back along the west coast, they planted extensive mines and dynamited and blocked off roads, impeding the advance of pur suing Allies. Smashing through during the night, British troops captured Iser nia in the center. By so doing, Montgomery's Tommies cut the Nazis' forward east-west supply road, forcing them to use other routes behind the mountains. SOUTHWEST PACIFIC: Smash Jap Squadron The battle to clear the enemy from the northern Solomons was on. U. S. troops were pouring ashore at Rekata bay on Bougainville is land. In darkness and rain, recon naissance reported the approach of i a strong Jap naval squadron to re sist the American landings. U. S. squadrons headed north for the fight. Ninety minutes of tense maneuver ing was followed by two hours of I fighting. Toll: One Jap cruiser and | four destroyers sunk. U. S. loss: i Damage and casualties. ; Their footing secure, U. S. troops i pressed inland on Bougainville. At the Japs' great base of Rabaul to 1 the west, U. S. fliers dropped hun- i dreds of bombs, with Allied head- ] quarters claiming 100,000 tons of t enemy shipping sunk or damaged. t Record Debt for U. S. As of October SI, the direct fed eral debt of the tJ. 8. stood at approximately 165 billion dollars. Broken down, that represents a debt of $1,263 for every person in the country or $5,000 per family, on the basis of four members. Interest rates have fallen to an all-time low of less than t per cent, however. The present debt contrasts with the one of 55 billion which exist ed before the war, when the in terest rate averaged 2W per cent. Following World War I, the pub lic debt reached 26H billion dol lars, with over 4 per cent interest. The present 165 billion dollar debt does not include over 4 bil lion dollars of government guar anteed obligations. MANPOWER: Define Essential Industry At least 75 per cent of a company's business must be essential for em ployees to be frozen into their jobs under War Manpower commission regulations. ' ? In plants with essential as well as nonessential production, only workers employed on the essential manufacturing can be frozen into their positions. Workers frozen in essential indus try cannot transfer to other jobs without obtaining release from their employers, unless they can offer evi- i dence that their skills are not being \ fully utilized in their occupations, or they are not being employed full time. RUSSIA: Near Rumania J As German forces retreated in the southern Ukraine, they were only 100 mules from the prewar Rumanian border, while in the north, they fell back to within 45 miles of the old Latvian boundary. Krivoi Rog remained the focal point in the southern Ukraine, with the Germans fighting bitterly to hold open an escape corridor for their troops threatened with encirclement in the great bend of the Dnieper river. With the Germans holding at Krivoi Rog, it appeared as though they were successful in moving most of their forces from the trap. Along the Black sea coast further south, Russian troops continued to pour over the bleak, barren Nogaisk plains, with German forces stream ing westward toward the Rumanian border. As a result of recent move ments, the battle front in Russia ran in almost a straight line from north to south, with the huge Dnieper river bulge eliminated. EUROPE: Food Plentiful With lt4 billion bushels of bread cereals harvested and dairy herds at high levels, Europe's food stocks appear adequate for the next year on the basis of reports of European newspapers and Swedish correspond ents. Only pig and poultry supplies are smaller. Because of the efficiency of Ger many's rationing system, it was said, food will not contribute to any collapse of the Nazi home front. In- | creased production of vegetable oils are supplementing the Germans' ! diet. On the other hand, Russia faces serious food shortages this win ter, with conditions approaching famine in some areas. Should the war in Europe end sud denly, big difficulty in feeding the populace would arise in moving the food from the farms to the cities, where plants made idle by cessation of war production would create se vere problems of unemployment. INSIDE JAPAN: Morale High Intensive propaganda has had its effect in Japan, with its 90 million people Arm in their conviction that theirs is a holy war to smash the white man's economic domination of Asia. Early victories after Pearl Harbor heightened Japa nese enthusiasm, and although over burdened transpor tation facilities have aggravated the gen eral food shortage with black markets thriving, travelers say that the usually Frugal populace has Emperor Hirohito accepted aoaea privations as one or the necessities of war. Financed by paper money issu ance, Japan's war industries are ' booming, with everybody from em ployer to worker prospering. Coolie wages atone have risen from about 14 cents to $2.30 a day. The Japs are heavy war bond buyers. As head of the Japanese religion, Emperor Hirohito still commands awesome loyalty of the people, wit) Premier Tojo cleverly playing upon his reverence to mobilize the itate. The New York And Washington Wire: Admiral George Robert, who was Vichy's Governor at Martinique, is the honored guest of the U. S. Navy in a suite at the luxurious Normandy Hotel, San Juan, Puerto Rico. He will get a free ride to France on a Spanish ship . . . The Berlin radio now follows traitor Robert Best's newscasts with this: "Mr. Best speaks for himself and does not rep resent the opinions of this station" . . . During Sec'y Knox's tour of Europe (on his return via the South Atlantic by plane) he learned the pilots had never been initiated over the Equator. Playing Father Nep tune, Mr. Knox then initiated them by mixing a drink for both. It was cold chicken soup mixed with orange juice. The Magic Lanterns: There was just one unfurling, so this space can be devoted to flickers good enough to rate some fresh orchids . . . The film that hit you hardest was "Hero ic Stalingrad?the City that Stopped Hitler" . . . The finest all-around job out of Hollywood?"The Watch on the Rhine," an improvement on its footlight version . . . The most talent-laden?"For Whom the Bell Tolls," which had magical acting from the top?G. Cooper and I. Berg man?to the tiniest bits, including horses and guns. None of the cine ma's golden gals and youths were in it, which gives you an idea . . . The laughingest film of recent months was "The More the Mer rier" . . . The most disappointing were Crosby's "Dixie" and Hope's "Let's Face It," high-priced jobs that looked marked down . . . The film that promised most and deliv ered less was "The Adventures of Tartu," which mixed England's best with Hollywood's corniest . . . The week's import was "Top Man," a show case for young Donald O'Con nor and a roomful of bands?in short, juve and jive. Jump the yarn, which is no jump, since it lies flat, and you can revel in song and dance flippancies. The Dials: Edward Murrow and Larry Le Sueur, who rarely sugar coat their broadcasts, sent word that the Reich is approaching its 1918 whimpering. And Howard K. Smith relays from Switzerland that the Nazi jails are loaded with sassy Nazis who are beginning to tell Himmler's goons to go heil them selves . . . Tojo, the dog-faced boy, bit his tongue as follows: "The en emy, who was defeated at the begin ning is, in fear of the richness of our conquered territory, trying to overwhelm our nation" . . . Trans lation: "Here they come, boys, and shooting" .. . You know who's good? Dunninger, the telepathip marvel, who takes words right out of your cranium, before you can mouth them. He's probably dictating this plug right now by telepathy . . . America's song tastes range from the ditties in "Oklahoma" to the corny "Pistol Packin' Mama," which is the new name for "It Ain't Gonna Rain No Mo'." New York Melodrama: Years ago a Broadway showman befriended a young man . . . When The Young Man suddenly acquired a job on the radio?to which he invited guest stars?the man who once befriended him asked him to put his wife on the program . . . "Don't be silly," was the retort, "your wife is a has-been. I need 'names' for my show!" . . . That was seven years ago, and the fellow has carried a grudge all that time . . . Now it looks as though he will even things . . . The Young j Man was recently inducted into the | army . . . And the fellow who be friended him?and was turned down for a favor?is now a big shot of ficer ... He has requested Our Hero's services . . . Owwww! Quotation Marksmanship: Nina Wilcox Putnam: Men are as trans parent as cellophane and as hard to remove, once you get rapped up in them . . . Thome Smith: A voice almost as low as his intentions . . . Dr. O. Vincent: So few of us really think; what we do is rearrange our prejudices . . . Margaret Case Har riman: Money is what you'd get along beautifully without if only oth er people weren't so crazy about it . . . Swift: Censure is the tax a man pays to the public for being eminent ... Sir Robert Walpole: Gratitude?a lively sense of future favors . . . Evelyn M. Campbell: Her face had been nicely chipped from granite. One Palm Beaek realtor reports most*of the leases there have been gobbled up . . . Fred Allen's latest news: That he resumes in Decem ber for the same sponsor. Waste Fats Make Munitions and Medicines; Need 200 Million Pounds a Year, Says Nelsonf ?,? _? Every Family Must Save a Pound Each Month to Meet Quota "An adequate supply of fats and oils is essential to the suc cessful prosecution of the war." With those words Donald Nel son, chairman of the war pro duction board, urged house wives of the nation to cooperate actively in a campaign designed to salvage every available ounce of waste fat. The fat salvage drive is aimed at every home. Its specific tar get is the kitchen where, unfortu nately, millions of pounds of glyc erine-containing fat are being poured into the garbage pail or down the kitchen drain. . Fats will help win the war and be a prime essential in negotiating and implementing the peace. Fat and oil sources have taken a terrific beating in the war. Whole areas that produced palm and coconut oil have been laid waste, cattle have been killed off to feed fighting men. Europe is in the throes of a fat fam ine. How seriously this shortage may affect our own troops and our ci vilian population depends in a large measure on the people themselves. The quota of 200 million pounds of fat for household salvage in 1943 was not set as a measure of the need. The shortage for all purposes, military, industrial and domestic, was far in excess of that figure. It was worked out that American households could save and turn in 200 million pounds of used kitchen grease without undue hardship and without depriving families of their fat energy requirements. Due to many factors, some of them beyond the control of homemakers, the rate at which kitchen grease is being turned in, is far short of the quota. Yet, a glance at the figures, at the quantity of meat, butter and shortening, available for family use is convincing proof that American households could salvage double their quota if they would buckle down to the job on a drop by drop, tablespoonful at a time program of saving and then turn in their grease to a local meat dealer collector. The need for waste fat for glycer ine and other by-products for ex plosives, munitions and medicines is not diminishing as our troops ad vance on all fronts. To the con trary, it is increasing. Nor is the be ; : mm ? need sporadic or momentary. It is a long term, continuing program which will probably extend well be yond the limits of a shooting war, according to an Office of War Pro duction statement. Without glycerine we could not produce gunpowder to fire many of our shells and ship and plane in struments would not function. Glycerine has no substitute, or in any case, no satisfactory one has yet been discovered for many types of explosives. Because of the shrink ing reserve stock of this vital in gredient, the WPB already has found it necessary to ban the use of glyc erine in practically all civilian prod ucts, cigarettes, cosmetics, denti frices and dozens of others. This drastic move was made be cause we are nowhere near to bring ing used fat collections to the point which will achieve the 200 million pounds yearly quota necessary to provide the glycerine its many war uses require. National collections have continued to climb, even with the advent of meat and shortening rationing, but the highest monthly total so far?7,312,617 pounds last March?is almost nine million pounds short of the required monthly total. If you don't think waste fat is important listen to this: 31 table spoons of used kitchen fat will make enough glycerine for a pound and a half of gunpowder. Or 31 table spoons of fat will provide powder to fire four 37-mm. anti-aircraft shells. Figuring another way, a pound at fat will yield enough glycerine for Ito pounds of powder for machine gun cartridges. (There are other ma terials in gunpowder besides glyc erine derivatives, but the glycerine compound is what puts the "punch** in the explosive.) Other uses for glycerine in war equipment requiring a liquid that does not freeze easily, or has some other necessary quality, are in re coil mechanisms for guns, hydraul ic devices, such as presses and ele vators, pumps, ships' steering gear, in compasses, depth charge releases and many for other mechanical pur poses. Glycerine is also employed in special compounds to coat weap ons, as anti-freeze in radiators and on windshields, and in medicines. Medical Uses. The medical use of glycerine is constantly growing in importance. Glycerine is present in these and many other preparations: Tannic acid used in the treatment of powder and other burns. Some insulins used in the treat ment of shock as well as diabetes. Tinctures of opium and gentian used as sedatives to ease pain. Smallpox vaccine as a preventa tive injection given to all men in the armed forces. Sulpha diazine ointments for treat ment of fungus growths. Nitro glycerine tablets for a heart stimulant. Acriflavine used as an antiseptic. Military medicine ig achieving re markable results in saving lives. With new techniques and drugs, the death rate from wounds has been reduced from 7.6 per cent in World War I to 3.1 per cent in this con flict. Sulfa compounds and blood plasma are given much of the credit tor this splendid accomplishment. In order that that high rate of re covery and the low rate of death of our wounded may continue, the manufacturers of medicinals for the armed forces must have a plentiful supply of glycerine. As more men are sent Into various fields of action, it is inevitable that there will be more casualties and that a still more plentiful supply of healing drugs will be needed. At the present time the house holders of America are contributing around nine million pounds of used kitchen fats to the war effort each month, but this is only a little more than half of what is needed to keep our glycerine stocks at a safe level. It is safe to say that at least three times this amount of valuable glyc erine-containing fat still is being wasted. Remember, all fat is want ed. The color is unimportant, as brown fat is as good as white for chemical processing. The housewife has only to save as much fat as possible each day, store it in a tin can and take her savings regularly to the meat dealer, who will pay her for it and send it on its way to hie war production line. Within 31 dpys it will be processed and the glycerine thus obtained wtl) be put to some vital war use. . Rural Driving Hazards Greater in Winter; Death Toll 24% Above Slimmer Months Winter's most serious driving haz ards are slippery snow-and-ice-cov ered roads and poor visibility caused by frosted or fogged windshields and long hours of darkness, and j these hazards are tnore serious on rural highways than on city streets according to studies by the National Safety council. Declaring that shortage of man power and of safe winter driving equipment will be an added handi cap this winter in 34 northern atatea. Prof. Ralph A. Moyer, of the Iowa State college engineering experi ment station, who is chairman of the Council's committee on winter driving hazards, points out signifi cant facts for consideration by farmers and all others who must drive on rural roads this winter. "Traffic deaths in snow belt states last winter ran the mileage death rate 34 per cent higher than the summer toll," Professor Moyer said; "while the southern winter caused only a 5 per cent increase." Following are rules, based on council research, tor driving un der adverse road and weather con ditions: Winter Boles. 1. Adjust speed to conditions. 2. Slow down well in advance oI intersections and carves. I. Fellow other vehicles at safe distances. 4. Pat on tire thtjii when read* are ilippery with enow or fCOo 5. Slcaal intention* of tarniag or stoppiof. 4. Apply brake* lightly and in termittently *a ley roads. 7. Beat ember that braUag dis tance* oa mow and iee are from 4 U 11 time* greater than ea dry paremeat, aad that wet lea at aaar thawtag teasperatare* Is twice as sBppwj as dry iee near tar*. _ Braking Distances on Various Surfaces at 20 mph ~&T ' MY CONCRETE | 21 ft. I ON CONCRETE PAVEMENT WET CONCRETE 26 ft. > $5 j/H NO CHAINS J* Sab 1 .. . ^3Sg 69 ft. ON H 81M WHEELS PACKED SNOW CHAINS ON REAR WHEEIS QO ? GIARE 1 f ?SS 88 ft. KE SAND ON ICE L 1 _p .<3pB? 86 FT. 0 ' 25 50 75 100 125 ISO 175 Tom 31 mum.' mmti- i mlrccm/l Ml ? , I be find uitk tkw glycerine coniwlnmd * J | to ??> pound m) / I used kUckmm /?t. . / * Stort todwy $0 mJ- / . , n|< mil cooking /to I 70a don I MI u/ J " ton il to rafatorir A to your meat dewier.
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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Nov. 18, 1943, edition 1
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