Newspapers / The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, … / Jan. 27, 1944, edition 1 / Page 1
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^JHEAULMANCE GI.FANFP ? GRAHAM.N^VTHURSDAV .ftfNJ.TAPV OT Na 61 WEEKLY HEWS ANALYSIS I, I Ogress Debates Labor Draft I.,,,.. Red Army Forges Deeper Into Poland FDR Ask, 100 Billion Wartime BuS Group Studies Prohibition Rill' ISmw'ik... I ??--<.? ??!?? .^1!~TOrr"Up rai?* ,h*T* tUr"*d IUK" b.ttl.front into ?oo, .l.wint Allied drive. (See: Europe.) ? WAR BUDGET: 100 Billion Asked Assuming that fighting will fcon ttnue throughout the fiscal year end fag in June, 1945, President Roose velt asked congress for an appropri ation of $100,000,000,000 to cover the period. At the same time, the President asked congress to prepare for de mobilization by (1) planning public works; (2) providing mustering-out pay to servicemen; (3) expansion of the social security program to tide over the labor force during the reconversion period, and (4) study ways of boosting foreign trade. Declaring that war spending since 1940 will have swelled to $397,000, 900,000 by 1945, the President fore cast a national debt of $258,000,000, 000 by next year. Such a debt, the President said, would require an nual interest charges of $5,000,000, 000, which could best be paid with a national income of $125,000,000,000 annually, far over the pre-war level. To help whittle the debt, the Pres ident urged a minimum of $10,000, 900,000 in new taxes this year, cou pled with present collections of $40, 000,000,000. 'Asfc Labor Draft No sooner had President Roose velt's message to congress calling <)r a labor draft been read, than lien. Warren Austin (Vt.) and Rep. James Wadsworth (N. Y.) intro duced legislation making all men between 18 and 65 and all women between 18 to 50 subject to com pulsory service. As congress moved toward con ?ideration of the controversial labor draft issue, the senate went toward approval of most of its new $2,000, ?00,000 tax bill, far below the ad ministration's demand for $10,000, ?00,000 of-new revenue. The senate also voted to keep the present social security tax rate at 1 per cent each lor employer and employee, instead ?f doubling the rates as automati cally provided by the original law. In introducing his labor draft bill *hich would enable the government to place people in employment, Sen ator Austin said approximately ?,000,000 4-F's, all men over 38, and aa estimated 21,000,000 women would firm a huge workers pool which aiald be channeled where needed tato industry. EUROPE: Biggest Loss Fighting through swarms of Nazi *t~ter planes which pressed home their attacks in close ranks, and J?ning into new rocket antiaircraft "e that threw up shells "as big as Jhouse," 700 U. S. Liberators and Wag Fortresses protected by al ?ast 500 light combat escorts ?hashed hard at German airplane Tories in southwestern Germany. As the big u. S. aerial fleet fired o machine shops and assembly Jhhts with a record loss of 64 ,.es'? ether Allied bombers struck we big Greek port of Piraeus out r- ? Athens, supply center for "nan strongpoints in the Aegean n?rt^arding l^e near eastern water *?*> the Balkans, the heavy weather turned into goo, U. S. dough down Nazi mountain posts Italy in their advance on "i 10 We 70-mile road to 4-.,,. n bearing down on Cassino, Zr*' fs were overrunning hill po giy-j We north, west and south, - gtbetn a commanding view of the bT" ?hich kes in a plain astride *?ed highway. IL RUSSIA: Advance in Poland Gen. Nikolai Vatutin's First Ukrainian army bit deeper into pre war Poland in hard fighting as other Red units main tained heavy pres sure on the embat tled Nazis in other sectors of the Rus sian front. The Reds contin ued bearing down on the Nazis in the great Dnieper bend, where their persist ent attacks gradual Gen. Vatntin ly wnittiea aown a long stretcn 01 country which the Germans held to prevent the Russ from cutting through it and trapping 650,000 of their troops to the south. As General Vatutin's forces pushed forward in prewar Poland, the Po lish government-in-exile considered Russia's proposal for a postwar ad justment of the old eastern border between the two states. Under the proposal, Russia would keep the for mer Polish provinces of White Rus sia and the Ukraine, while Poland would be compensated by taking over Eastern Prussia. PROHIBITION: Open Hearings "Use Your Bible to Battle the Itottle." "Two Resolutions: I Will Keep Sweet and I Will Not Drink Al cohol." As leaflets containing these slo gans were passed out by ardent pro hibitionists, a house judiciary sub committee opened hearings on a bill by Rep. Joseph Bryson (S. C.), for limiting alcoholic content of bever ages to 1V4 per cent for the duration. Heading the Dry delegation was Mrs. Ida B. Wise Smith, president of the Women's Christian Temper ance Union. Mrs. Smith asserted that hangovers from week - end drinking sprees result in war plant absenteeism, and she further said that liquor manufacture channels grains, sugar and other products from food uses. Opposing the prohibitionists. Rep resentative Forand (R. I.) described himself as a teetotaler. But, said he, that "does not give me license to tell my neighbors what they should eat and drink." SOUTHWEST PACIFIC: Batter Forward As U. S. doughboys battered their way slowly through Jap jungle de fenses in New Britain, other Yankee units pushed southward for a junc tion with Australian troops fighting up the eastern coast of New Guinea. While Yank and Aussie alike ploughed through the Japs' strong brush and mountain cover, U. S. bombers continued their raids on the enemy's central Pacific Marshall is lands, guarding the ocean highway to the orient. Airdromes and ship ping in the cluster of coral islets were battered by roaring Liberators. Following strengthening of their beachhead at Arawe in southwestern New Guinea, doughboys moved in land against the Japs after heavy artillery bombardment, while to the north, other U. S. elements gradu ally were pushing the enemy back from around the captured airdrome at Cape Gloucester. In eastern New Guinea, Jap bases behind U. S. posi tions were bombed heavily to slow movements against doughboys fight ing to join hands with the advancing Aussies to the south. CIVILIAN GOODS: Hold Back Steel Although curtailment of order* has resulted in a reduction of steel operations, the War Production board refused to lift its ban on use of the metal in 646 civilian items, except in special instances to im prove substitutes. WPB's decision, it was said, was based on: 1. The army and navy's position that limitations on the use of ma terials should not be removed until war needs are clear; 2. WPB's conclusion that expand ed civilian production would result in shortages of coal, petroleum, lum ber for crating, packaging paper and transportation, all of which are not sufficient to even meet war re quirements. Because of a typographical er ror by the OPA, Monnett, Mo.? population 4,099?became the corn capital of the C. S. A. While the corn top was set at $1.16 for Chicago, it stood at {1.1914 in Monnett, so the latter town had no difBcnlty getting 25 carloads of the grain, or 2,000,000 bushels. HIGHWAYS: Urges U. S. Network Construction and improvement of 34,000 miles of roads which would provide employment for 2,000,000 workers, was recommended to con gress by President Roosevelt after more than two years of study by a national interregional highway com mittee. To cost about $750,000,000 annually over a period of years, the plan em braces creation of a system of coun try and urban roads that would con nect every part of the nation. Sn general, the new system would low routes of existing federal aid highways, with costs shared equally by local, state and U. S. government agencies. Quick congressional ac tion was asked to help acquire land, draft detailed plans and accomplish other preliminary work. FATS AND OILS: Output Larger Keeping up with increased de mands, fats and oils output in the U. S. for 1943-'44 will approximate 11,200,000 pounds to top last year's production of 10,600,000 pounds. Despite an easing of the supply situation for the current year, it was pointed out that stocks might be se verely drained to fill needs abroad in case of an Allied victory in Eu rope in 1944. Soybean production for the 1943 season was set at 187,000,000 bush els, for peanuts 2,500,000 pounds, and for cottonseed 5,500,000 .tons. Because of decreases in lard and grease output, overall fat and oils production for the 1944-'45 season should drop below this year's fig ures. STRANGE LETTER: Hopkins Involved While Harry Hopkins was recuper ating in the Bethseda naval hospital, C. Nelson Sparks appeared before a Washington, D. C., grand jury and turned over a letter which he al leged proved that the President's Nn 1 advisor was in close contact with Wendell Willkie, G. O. P. leader. Former mayor of Akron, Ohio, when Willkie was a utility lawyer there, and manager of Frank Gannett's campaign for the Republican presidential nomina tion in 1940, Sparks first published the C. Nelson Sparks I letter in a book, in which he assailed Willkie's methods in the G. O. P. national convention. In the alleged letter, Hopkins was to have written to a prospective Democratic senatorial candidate in Texas, promising that he could get I Willkie to swing Republican support over to him in the primary election. Claiming the letter was a forgery, Hopkins asked the FBI to investi gate the matter. NAZI PRISONERS: Suicides Reported In the Nazi war prison compound at Concordia, Kan., four stern-faced German officers escorted one Capt. Felix Tropschuh to a room with a bed, a chair, a table and a rope. While two of them stood outside for 30 minutes, Tropschuh hanged himself. Investigation revealed that the prisoners had set up their own court to try Tropschuh for anti-Hitler talk and exposing a plot for escape, and, having found him guilty of disgrace ful conduct for a German officer, left him with the traditional Prus sian alternative of killing himself. Another Nazi suicide at the camp was 39-year-old Franz Kettner, who took his own life when he feared violence because of the discovery of his belief in a free Austria. George MacDoruld, who lust cold the Roney-Plaza Hotel, says he read it here, but we don't recall it. The difference between Palm Beach and Miami B^pch? is the difference be tween the social register and the cash register. At the Newspaper Guild Canteen a hostess was dancing with a Coast Guardsman. When the music stopped, he pulled out routine 77B and said: "Now let's sit down and talk about you." They sat and he put an arm around her. "1 get it," she said, "I see you talk with your hands." "Honey," he grinned, "I'm only whispering now." Mrs. Albert Einstein visited the astronomical observatory atop Mt. Wilson and asked about the giant telescope. "We use it," she was told, "to discover the shape of the universe." "My husband," said the famed scientist's wife, "does the same thing on the back of an envelope." A Major told this one to the ca dets at Yale the other day. He said General Giraud and Lt. Gen. Clark were discussing the best pos sible places for setting up staff head quarters in combat zones*. . . The youthful Clark recommended a cer tain distance from the firing lines, but the older Giraud shook his head and said: "Too far back. I like to be right up there on the line." "But, sir," said Clark, "you were captured twice." Shortly after the Sullivan parents of Waterloo (Iowa) learned of the loss of their five sons aboard the cruiser "Juneau," they visited Wash ington, where they volunteered to do anything to complete the job their boys had started. A tour of de fense plants was arranged. "Mom" Sullivan (after a lifetime in Waterloo) suddenly found herself a lady of leisure. There was plenty to keep her busy (with ten and twelve defense plants scheduled), yet she missed the little tasks of cleaning the house, getting break fast, etc. One morning when the Navy Lieu , tenant (who accompanied them) ' called at her hotel room in Chicago he found Mom making the beds. She . confessed she had been tipping chambermaids (throughout the coun try) for permitting her to make the beds herself. "I just wanted to keep | my hand in," she said. My favorite gag dealt with funny man Tait (Tait's motoring act) who dreaded coming to the U. S. from London where he was always a riot. Martin Beck persuaded Tait to come here?assuring him he'd click. To get Tait used to American audiences they booked him first at Yonkers, N. Y., where he laid a frightful ome I let at his first appearance. Next afternoon (sauntering along the main street there) Tait paused at a fish store window. As he stud ied a huge dead mackerel, with eyes staring blankly and mouth wide open, Tait exclaimed: " 'Eaven's above! Thet reminds meh! Hi 'ave [ a matinee!" Will Sogers in 1927: The best way to describe Russia is, Russian men wear their shirts hanging outside their pants. Well, any nation that don't know enough to stick their shirt-tail in will "never get anywhere. I am the only person that ever wrote on Russia that admits he don't know a thing about it. On the other hand, I know as much about Russia as anybody that ever wrote about it. Raymond Paige relays it via a pal in London. It's about the Air Corps officer assigned to a desk job. He objected to fliers getting extra pay for flying time. "Why should you get more?" he barked at a Texas pilot. "We're all in this war together!" "X know," drawled the Texan, "but who ever heard of two desks crashing head-on?"^ Variety, diseusslng the chilly re ception given actors in Pittsburgh, recalls when Katharine Cornell ap peared there in "Three Sisters." Some in the audience complained that they couldn't hear much of the dialog. Told this (between acts) by the stage manager. Miss Cornell re torted: "Tell the audience we can't hear them either!" Much the same thing happened recently when "Blithe Spirit" played there. Night before it opened, some of the troupe put on a show for wounded soldiers at an army hos pital. After the premiere, Clifton Webb wired his agent: "Last night we played to the wounded; tonight we played to the deadl" ' Powerful Allies Aid Farmer in Battle Against Bugs, Infection and Erosion Experiment Stations, County Agents Fight Crop Destroyers. How the farmer fares in his never-ending battle against in sect pests, weather, disease, erosion and the thousand and one other hazards farm life is heir to, will largely determine how well he succeeds in meeting Uncle Sam's ever - increasing call for more production of foods, dairy products, fibers and fats. Luckily, the farmer has his own army, navy, marine corps, coast guard, and air force to battle and vanquish his enemies. Who com prise these armed forces? The agri cultural experiment stations and the extension services of his state land grant colleges. The way these services help the farmer to combat any production troubles old or new that come his way, is described by M. N. Beeler, in the current issue of Capper's Farmer. "The trouble which meets a man at any dawn or in the dead of night may be as old as Bang's disease (brought to America by Cortez in 1521) or Hessian fly (introduced into the colonies by German hirelings during the Revolution)," writes Mr. Beeler. "It may be as new as late potato blight in the Red river val ley, or the attack of European corn borer in Illinois. Trouble may be as persistent as bindweed, smut, codling moth or boll weevil, as complicat ed as malnutrition originating in ?V? t?mmmmrnm EBOSION, thonfh slaw and unspectacular, lower* land productivity tremendously. This Kansas leld, too steep to terrace, was planted with corn in 1M2. There was no protective covering sown on it. Wind and rain scraped another layer of the already thin topsoil in the spring of IMS. Land like this should bo in pasture. poor (oil, as evident as a grass hopper scourge, as mysterious as baby pig disease, as commonplace as labor shortage, as rare as f?ot and mouth disease, as little as ants in the kitchen, as big as a com plete management and production program." Assistance Is at Hand. But whatever the difficulty, help in most cases is no farther away than the county extension agent, or the land grant college, Mr. Beeler points out. Potentialities for trou ble can be appreciated when such an every-day animal as the hog is sub ject to more than 60 afflictions. Poul try may succumb to any one or a combination of 80. The Indiana ex periment station lists 18 common enemies of corn within that stats in the category of diseases. And an Ohio report credits these same dis eases with a 19,000,000-bushel yield reduction in a single year. This damage is in addition to losses from borers, chinch bugs, ear worms, grasshoppers, aphids, root lice and a host of other insects. Continuing experimental projects are reported by the Arkansas sta tion in combat with a few enemies of cotton, such as wilt, boll weevil, seed-destroying diseases, aphids, leaf worms, boll worms, red spider, flea hopper, root rot and just plain soil poverty. Any sheepman, says Mr. Beeler, can count a dozen profit and life-taking afflictions of his flock, but there are at least 38 miscellane ous diseases and 40 internal para sites besides foot rot, sore mouth, scab, ticks, pregnancy and lung diseases. Furthermore, the U. 8. depart ment of agriculture year book for 1942 devotes 172 pages to diseases and pests of cattle and explains there are 70 or more species of bo vine infesting tapeworms and round worms. Books have been written about the ailments of horses and < mules. The insect, fungous, virus I and nutritional troubles of crops, plants and foods are legion. How the army of scientists from the land grant colleges has fought and won battles for the farmer against these and other adversaries forms a fascinating tale. Make Seed Germinate. When Iowa farmers reported sweet clover seed didn't germinate proper ly, the state agricultural experiment station discovered the cause was hard seed and made a scarifier that corrected the trouble. That was 30 years ago and was the forerunner of many more modern devices and methods, the most recent of which is a process by the Fort Hays, Kan., station for "waking" buffalo grass seed. Then there was that matter of "Laryngot racheitis" down in New Jersey. Sounds professorish, doesn't itT But it has an earthy connotation to any poultryman who has lost 20 to 60 per cent of his flock. The New Jersey station found an inoculation that protects the birds from this disease. A shortage of spraying machinery threatened the crop of certain Penn sylvania potato growers in 1942. The state college extension service met that threat by organizing 90 spray rings to serve 1,900 farms and pro tect 10,000 acres. An average of 30 farmers used each machine. In creased production was estimated at 1,376,000 bushels. So the story goes. One of the troubles that plagues farmers on the plains is "poisoning" of cattle by wheat pasture. The Oklahoma sta tion investigated and recommended a remedy which included feeding a little dry roughage. The Kansas col lege not only discovered a success ?MM 1mm Ful treatment for black-leg In calves, in 1914, but through extension it so increased the use that dosage costs leclined from SO to 10 cents. This itation likewise introduced copper jarbonate treatment of bunt smut of wheat, sorghums and millet. When the New England coastal iiurricane damaged 10 to 73 per cent 3f trees in farm orchards, the exten lion service of Rhode bland, Con lecticut and Massachusetts worked jut a rehabilitation program that laved thousands of trees. Control Fever Tick. Colorado potato growers were Faced with an infestation of bacterial ring in 1938. The station found a remedy. Cattle fever tick had pre vented development of cattle rais ing in Louisiana up to 1938. Exten sion workers and animal husbandry researchers led the fight to stamp it out. Missouri had inaugurated in UHASSHurFEKH ana locusts are among the worst scourges hi many farming regions. 1888 the investigation in coopera tion with Texas which made control of Texas fever tick possible. A mysterious livestock disease, ob served by Marco Polo in China more than 600 years ago, which afflicted army horses at Fort Randal], Neb., was explained only in 1931. The trouble is caused by feed grown on soil containing selenium. The South Dakota station has announced con trol and remedies. The list of achievements is almost endless. Substitutes for pyre thrum have been produced by the Dela ware station. Beginning in 1900 the West Virginia station worked out the fly-free date for controlling Hessian fly. Tennessee discovered and in troduced cryolite to replace scarce arsenicals as an insecticide. Mon tana instituted the feeding of io dized salt during pregnancy to pre vent goiter losses of new-bom pigs, lambs, calves and colts. Nebraska checked the potency of commercial serums offered in control of swine erysipelas, with resultant standard ization of effective protection. By breeding a wilt-resistant cot ton strain, the Alabama station saved the cotton-growing industry of the southern part of the state. Purdue experiment station in Indi ana has produced a new Hessian fly resistant wheat. New York has announced a new organic spray which kills late fruit blooms, ma terially reduces the hand labor of thinning, and induces annual bear ing in varieties which normally pro duce fruit every other year. Develop Borer-Resistant Corn. The Ohio station has demonstrat ed that milk fever can be greatly reduced by feeding four ounces of irradiated yeast daily to cows for four weeks before and one week aft er freshening. Another Ohio sta tion project was the development of borer-resistant corp hybrids. Experiments at Pennsylvania and elsewhere disclose that fowl paraly* sis, which caused a $43,000,000 lost KU XV (JUUiirjr BU11CS UUC yetIX, can be controlled by selective breeding and culling. But lest any farmer get the n<?' tion that the scientific research Job hat been completed and that he can get along without it, Mr. Beeler suggests that he remember Just one menace?wheat rust. "Ceres was a stem rust resistant variety distributed by North Dakota in 1926," he points out "By 1933 it occupied 5,000,000 acres. But cer tain physiologic races of rust in creased and laid it low. Then the Minnesota station brought out Thatcher in 1934. It spread to 14, 500,000 acres in the United States and Canada by 1940. Now Thatcher is on the way out, because of sus ceptibility to leaf rust. But the Min nesota station announces New-hatch, outyielding Thatcher by 30 per cent for three years, to be released in 1944." CHINCH BUGS rata millions ti kuUi at mm ??T N". ? *? nhmw, armj warms, ill ather pasta, but a( wfcick sra iMi
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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Jan. 27, 1944, edition 1
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