Washington. D. C. ORLEM ANSKI-LANGK TALKS WITH STALIN Two of the moat important diplo matic reports of the war have been received at the White House recent ly, not from any trained diplomats, but from two private American cit izens?Father Orlemanaki of Spring field, Mass., and Prof. Oscar Lange, Polish-American leader and a teach er at the University of Chicago, both of whom had interviews with Stalin. Although less widely publicized than Father Orlemanski's interview. Professor Lange had a long separate talk with Marshal Stalin and, per haps because he was not circum scribed by chureh superiors, his re port, on the whole, has been the more penetrating and helpful. New conclusion drawn from the Lange-Orlemanski reports is that Polish-Russian relations, one of the most troublesome problems of the war, are on the eve of a wholesome rapprochement, probably beginning about now. It was shortly after the receipt of the Lange-Orlemanski reports that President Roosevelt began a series of three conferences with Polish Premier Mikolajczyk in Washington, the results of which exceeded ex pectations. If Polish-Russian relations eaa be settled amicably, one of the worst obstacles to postwar peace will be removed. Po land, for a hundred years par tially governed by Russia, has a deep-rooted suspicion of the Soviet, while the Russians, hav ing borne the main brunt of the European war on land, natural ly feel they are entitled to areas forcibly wrested away from them after the last war. 8TALIN DISCUSSES POLISH BOUNDARIES in uieir separate interviews witn Stalin, the two Polish-Americans, Father Orlemanski and Professor Lange, heard the reassuring words from the strong man of Russia that his government wants a "strong, in dependent Poland after the war?a Poland which will be strong both internally and externally, but which will ba favorably disposed to the Soviet Union." Stalin went even further and said that he was ready to help create a new Polish army. "I am ready to build an army for Poland, equip it fully and arm it with the best guns the Soviet Union can make," he told Professor Lange. "I will do this for at least 1,000,000 men." Stalin also discussed the question of Poland's future boundaries and revealed that they had already been discussed in some detail at Teheran. In doing so, he let drop a very im portant point ? that, at Teheran, Roosevelt and he had agreed to the breakup of Germany after the krar. . "Poland should claim Cast Prus sia," Stalin said, "and should also claim Upper Silesia and all the Ger man territory, up to the Oder river, including Stettin." e NOTE?This would give Po land practically all of Pom erania, a great stronghold of Prussian militarism. Shortly after Teheran, this eolnmnlst re ported that the Big Three had proposed giving Pomeranla, East Prussia and Silesia to Po land, In order to separate the Prussian Junkers from the rest of Germany and stamp out Ger man militarism for keens. Stalin told his visitora that he was not sure whether Poland should get Brealau' (in Silesia) or not When these plans for Poland had eonae up at Teheran, Stalin dis placed. President Roaeeveh had keen In complete agreement, but Prime Minister Churchill had heal "Hp mn? 'ufhn 4? ??? ...,V ? antes the security at this new Polish ?tat*?' I answered him simply: "The armed might at the Soviet POLES IN EV8S1A Professor Langs bad been permit tad to visit with the Polish army Ekww&sjras: gOalwd with various. Polish iSaitsttMt'lss s^I7llpfe>li?sd*b? fts sMU treatment given the Po Msh army by the Red. srmy. I .. Several Bays after Prsfssesr ' g I ' ? r Wsstsests, bead at the pre Soviet Union at Polish Patriots, perLmetT be^e"uvbJ"VcoSdT ttoas and that relish ratafees sheoM shsra h the tmpreve 8C0BE8 POLISH INTELLIGENCE ? SEKTICE Stalin was quits cynical about the Polish Intelligence service Inside Poland and the reports of alleged conditions it had made to Premier IQcolacJiyk. AH It did, he said, was deceive the Polish government ln-exile in London. PoTelgn Commissar Molotoff, who eras present during the interview, In terrupted M ttffpeint to say that, la a 'TIT1* ftMOh Premier Ifiko lajcxyk had claigaad ha had the sup port of (0 per coot of the Polish ftOQjple Yanks Continue Their Mopping-Up Job on Saipan A sidelight on the battle for Salpan Island. This photo (left) shows two youngsters holding food and eandy given them by the Tanks standing ontside compound in which are Jap prisoners taken in the battle for Salpan. Center shows Garapan on Saipan Island with fires caused by bombardment of the Pacific fleet. In the background are victims of the attack, sunken Japanese ships. Jeep (right) follows troops into the roads and fields of Saipan to evaenate the wounded. Medical corpsmen are giving a transfusion as the Jeep moves along. Many lives were saved by prompt action and available supplies in the field. Wounded Flown Over Atlantic to Home Hospitals Tank hcroea wounded at Normandy are being loaded aboard transport planes In Scotland tor return to hospitals In the United States. Pfc. Christian J. Mohr of Kenosha, Wis. (right), at transport command, Prestwick, Scotland, before he started the long air-ride. Mohr was one at fourteen wounded veterans of the Normandy flghting, making up the llrst full plane load of wounded' Sown to the United States. Upon arrival at Mitehel Field, New York, they were rushed into waiting ambulances for dash to nearby hospitals. Army tries to send wounded to hospitals nearest their homes. ^ Youngsters Learn Railroading r '< Sixteen ui ihuIim ywuld ban are being used U nngnient (he railroads depleted operatinf force. A ipeed-np system (hat teaebes la a brief period of It dayi all (bat a youngster needs to know to beeome a useful rwttehman, fireman, brakeman or legman, is psosiag effective. Half of day is spent in school, half la actaal work. Addresses Monetary Conference Secretary of the Tnuirjr Henry M or g en the ? Jr. iliiwn the eye* Ini meetimc at the Brettea Weed* Monetary conference. mi meettof to disc ess the lewewnla et ladastry bask to a peacetime basis aad the means et eaeaaraitoc total aaltowal tarestaeats and ether toaartat prob lems that win arise to toe postwar period. Gabreski Tops Aces Lie at. Col. Francis Gabreskl se enred Us 28th German plane when he shot dawn a Messersohmitt 109 ever France, placing him aa the top scoring aee la the V. S. air force. He fa 25 and a former Notre Dame pre-medie student from Oil City, Pa. His Ighter group has a record of 507, harinc added 17 on fight in which Colonel Gabreski secured his 28th German plane. Aces' Italian Art Italian artists hare focmd a proM aMa outlet far their aUUty am?( mam bars of tho air force, whose de sire for Jacket art la alls nms from a Varn girl to a coaming piano. HtlMMdbr WNten Newspaper Unl a HIGH COSTS REPORTED ON COLLECTIVIST PROJECTS ONE OF THE NEW DEAL theeret ical ideas tor aid to the down-trod den farmer was the establishment of collectivist farms under govern ment management. It was the prod uct of the brain of Rexford Tugwell when he was assistant secretary of agriculture, and was supposed to be along the lines of the Russian collective, government - managed farms. Recently Democratic Congress man Harold D. Cooley of North Carolina offered some figures show ing what results were attained. There were 197 such projects estab lished in the United States, one of the larger ones being the Scupper nong homesteads of 11,300 acres in North Carolina, with a government investment of $790,000, an average of $11,000 for each farm family in volved and settled on the land. It was a strictly and completely government-managed property, in cluding farm, community and home managers. The loss on operation alone to June, 1942, amounted to $74,000. When to that loss were added interest on the investment and government loans to the farm families, it meant a cost to the government of $18,000 for each one of the farm families, no one of which was permanently benefitted. Scnppernong is a sample of government management, bnt it was not the most costly of the 197 eoUeetivist farm experi ments. In all, 15,500 farm fami lies were involved in these ex periments, none of which were permanently benefitted. On the other hand, the Farm Security administration, by a simple re habilitation loan program, ren dered material aid in putting 950,000 farmers on their feet. O* the amount due on those loans 93 per cent has been repaid. The loans meant the ereation ol opportunity for the individual to help himself ? the mainte nance of his American self-re spect and his operation under the private enterprise system. The American farmer is too much of a sturdy individualist to take kindly to, or develop under, any sys tem of regulation or regimentation. He can manage his own affairs. ? ? ? NATIONAL DEBT JUST KEEPS GOING UP YEARS AGO, back in 1880, when I was but a small boy, a group of town and farm patriarchs would sit around the big wood-burning stove in the general store of the village of Ainsworth, Iowa. Their discus sions centered frequently on nation al affairs and especially the, to them, appalling national debt occa sioned by the cost of the Civil war. Some of them harked back to the good old days of 1840 when the na tional debt amounted to but 21 cents per capita, with a national popula tion of but 17 million. In 1880, be cause of the cost of the Civil war, it stood at the, to them, stagger ing sum of $1.69 per capita, with a population of over SO million. I wonder what those good citizens of 1880 would say of conditions of today with a national debt of well beyond $1,300 per capita, over $6,000 for the average-sized family. Those pa triarchs realized they and their chil dren had to pay that debt of 1880, and we and our children must pay, each his full share, the debt of to day and tomorrow and next year. We have reason to demand economy in the civilian activities of govern ment. ? ? ? PAT FARMER FOR PRODUCING NEEDED ITEMS A CASTOR BEAN PLANT per sists in growing in my yard. Each time I see it I am reminded of the more than 50 million we pay .to farmers in other lands for the cas tor beans we import each year. With a bit of encouragement in the way of a protected home market, or a small subsidy to provide a start, that 50 million dollars might be go ing to American farmers. There are but few, if any, sections in the United States in which castor beans would not grow. In addition to what we are now importing we could use more, far more, as a substitute for wood pulp in the making of paper. We are depending upon imports for more than 60 other products that could be raised on American farms if we were inclined to encourage their production. The total would add hundreds of millions to our farm income. We could pay the farmer for producing rather than for not producing. ? ? ? DOING TODS BEST ON EVEBT JOB NOT ALL OF US HAVE the ability to fill executive positions, but the demand for executives is never entirely filled. We are not capable of judging our own qualifications for such a job. others must do that for us. What it takes we can demon strate by doing our best on each job are hold on the way to the top. Chances are if are do not achieve our ambition it is because of some thing lacking tci the part of the aspirant Let's race Facts Republicani Promiem Farmert Fair Share Of National Income By BARROW tTOHS WNU Staff CwrMpm** WASHINGTON, D. C. There is a plank in the Republican agricultural platform that goes to the heart of what the farmer wants. It reads: "We propose ... an American market price to the Amer ican farmer and the protection of such price by means of support prices, commodity loans, or a com bination thereof. together with oth er means as will assure an income to agriculture that is fair and equita ble in comparison with labor, busi ness and indus try. We oppose subsidies as a substitute for fair markets." One need re nn ihie nnlv Barrow Lyons ? little to realize how far the farmer and the Republican party has moved from traditional moorings at the post of the good old law of supply and demand as the principle price determinant. Although the plank does not mention parity prices, viewed in the light of this plank's history, parity price and parity in-. come are implied. . It means that the organized farm er realizes that to prosper, a way I must be found to control farm prices, and that farm income must be held in fair relation to the income of labor and business. Of course, this means that an equitable share should go also to labor and to business. Obvi ously, this calls for national machin ery to determine what income actu ally is going to the various segments of society. Congress is the only body in a po sition to pass final judgment on what is a fair share for each, al though labor and business may raise objections because about 74 per cent of the congressmen come from rural areas. Anyhow, if the implications of this plank are squarely faced, it holds promise both for the farmer and for the city worker. This plank does not sound as though it had been written by any interests that desire to purchase farm products at low prices, such as the millers or meat packers. Governor Bourke B. Hickenlooper of Iowa, who was the chairman of the Republican agricultural subcommit tee which drafted the farm planks, assured me in a long interview in Chicago that no pressure was brought upon the committee by com mercial interests to influence the farm plank. "The committee held regional hearings in Chicago, Salt Lake City and New York," he said, "and no where was it approached by milling, packing or railway interests?at least to the best of my knowledge, and I think I would know." This idea of protecting the farm er's share of national income prob ably is typical of the rejuvenated Re publican party. Superficially it does not fit into the picture of the Repub lican party as the party of the great industrial interests. It implies that the share of the farmer has been too small in the past, which can only mean that the share of someone else has been too great. Stand on Labor "V At the hearing held by the agri cultural subcommittee it was clear that the Grange and the Farmers Union felt that the share of many underpaid industrial workers had not been too great. The American Farm Bureau federation has not tak en as generous a stand toward labor. Certainly, the plank needs definition and clarification in respect to some of its implications. Governor Hick enlooper said he believed industry was beginning to accept the idea that adequate income for the farmer and industrial worker was good for industry also. Another extremely interesting plank is that which declares for "ar rangements which will enable farm ers to make necessary adjustments in production of any given basic crop, only if domestic surpluses should become abnormal and exceed manageable proportions." Apparently there is a limit even to the political concept of an economy of abundance. It may be presumed that one of the evidences of surpluses beaming unmanageable would be the tendency for market prices to fall below support price. In other words, production is to be controlled only when development of new uses for a commodity, gov ernment purchases of surpluses and commodity loans fail to do the job. We hope tbosd remedies never prove to be too late to sustain farm in come in "fair and equitable com parison with labor, business and in dustry." "Sound irrigation projects admin istered as far as possible at state and regional levels," is included in the last paragraph of the farm plat form. This is an extremely con troversial plank, and straddles a se rious conflict. In the Central Valley of California, where large corpora tion farms have been highly devel oped, the big farmers are anxious to modify the operation of the Rec lamation act, which makes it nec essary for farms of more than 160 acres to dispose of the balance of land above that amount, if they re ceive water from the new project. Genu of Thought EARNESTNESS is the best ^ gift of mental power, and | deficiency of heart is the cause of many men never becoming great.?Bulwer. God hath no regard to the multitude of words, bat to the parity of the intent.?Molinos. How beuutiful it youth! how bright it glooms With its illusions, aspirations, dream*/ ?IX)NGF ELLOW. We often read of the mother of genius, but seldom realize that back of many of our great est inventions is the. inspiration of Mother. CLASSIFIED DEPARTMENT PERSONAL EVERYDAY PROBLEMS are easier U face when YOU have OUR help. 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