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The Alamance Gleaner VoL LXX GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, OCTOBER 19, 1944 No. 3T WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Nazi Resistance Grows in West; Chinese War in Critical Stage; Strong Cattle Markets Forecast ? Released try Western Newspaper Union. (EDITOR'S NOTE: Whea eplalens are expressed Is these eelnmns. they are these ef Westers Newspaper Ualea's sews analysts sad net necessarily ef this newspaper.) \ ^^ KWfi I #? s J txyl Or SWATO 1 G Dark shaded areas on map show extent of Japanese occupation of China, and progress of drive along east coast to seal it off to counteract possible U. S. landings. EUROPE: Nazis Fight Back Long famed for artillery fire, U S f?"*. ^lts brought their big guns 88 dogged doughboys w Way throu?b the Sieg fried line above Aachen in the face cfmountmg German resistance. ?i? ? Vhe main fighting focused above Aachen, action remained *2S7*W 016 whole 460 mile front, J *SL JrmaM seeking to unset tie Allied advances with strong ar mored counterattacks. With an arrayof75to240-mm. Held pieces laying a creeping barrage be r?:fJ.dVa,n?ln?. dou?hb?ys. and with squads of tanks rumbling over the ?countryside to blast enemy strong range' Lieut Gen. Courtney Hodges' Third American a y *?r? ? bl? hole through the vaunted Siegfried line, finding sta XSHf7 d5i?"8es manned by inferior German troops, with the best saved ?Verves for counterattacking. ei^? J?ghting raged on with SS ?wthf Tlurd sector, wth the Nazis counterattacking ?,round Nymegen hi Hol kfUBt BritUh ^eond f""r.s e?d nm around the Siegfried line m the north, and elite enemy froops putting up stiff resistance to doughboys flushing them out of the greet underground fortifications I key 10 018 ihe southern anchor of the wuern- ? .I' -^e enemy fought back viciously from prepared de lenses in the rolling countryside in a?n<5?1jtOP ^ U' S- Seventh ?nny s thrust toward passes in the Vosges mountains and the wide Bel many P leading 1,110 ??uthern Ger frslTi the V. 8. Fifth army pushed closer to the great eoa manieattons center of Bologna, through which the enemy hf seen routing reinforcements to his sagging Po valley front. As the Russians increased their pressure against Hungary, and o?her ?*d forces drove across Yugoslavia for a junction with U. S. and British units, the Germans were put to it to (dug up the Balkan gateway to southern Germany. Although the Nazis reportedly sue 2Mnnn w"bdrawing the bulk of 200,000 men from the southern Bal J?ns before the British invasion of Greece and the Russian drive to sever communication lines along their escape route, the Reds pressed to nip off the straggling remnants. In driving across eastern Yugo m Russians overran rich ;r?und Bor. wuch the Germans had been working ex tensively and enveloped the capital e" ^lUl Romanian troops fighting by their side, the Reds ad vanced to within 13$ miles of Buda pest, heart of Hungary. CATTLE MARKET: Prices Strong L^lfe government purchases of {?7"*?da beef, and decreased hog ?Wpmente in the face of big demand i will tend to keep market prices at a high level this fall and winter, the department of agriculture reported. I ?^a"* of the sale of more range i^f, year' however, and i relativeIy smaller marketings of finished grades, overall prices may average tower than in 1843. With a much larger prospective supply, calvee are also expected to faU be low last year's prices. At ceiling prices throughout mid summer, hog prices are expected to remain high through the next six months, with the government in the market for the smaller pork supplies reflecting the 24 per cent reduction in the spring pig crop. POSTWAR INDUSTRY: Fear Concentration To prevent the concentration of In dustry in 11 northern and eastern states in the postwar period, a sen ate committee recommended that the government stand against the re conversion of its war plants in these states to civilian production. Indicating the possibilities of such concentration, the committee point ed out that before the war these 11 states produced 65 per cent of the nation's manufactured goods and re ceived 51 per cent of all plants and facilities erected by the government for the war effort. Besides calling for a shifting of war production to the south and west after Germany's downfall, the com mittee recommended an adjustment of freight rates, attention to patents, and technological aid to small in dustrialists as part of a long range program for stabilizing business in these areas. CHINA: In Crisis News from China recently has been none too rosy, with the coun try's armies falling back before the Japs' drive to seal off the whole eastern coast to counter an attempt ed American landing, and the U. S. air force compelled to abandon four advanced bases before the enemy's push. In an effort to help China help her self, President Roosevelt dispatched ex-War Production Board Czar Don ald Nelson to confer with General issimo Chiang Kai-shek in the build ing of an integrated industry to exploit the country's vast resources. MaJ.-Gen. Patrick Barley (1*ft) aad Douli Nelson (rigkt) ewfer with Cktsay Kai-shek (center). With Chinese industry largely unde veloped, the Japs blockading the eastern ports, and mountainous ter rain and primitive roads handicap ping the overland route from Bur ma, valiant Chinese armies have been sorely ill-equipped. With Chiang's regime losing much face as a result of successive mili tary defeats, the Chinese political situation also has been blurred, with the Communists pressing for great er power in government. PACIFIC: Jap Ship Shortage Effect of the heavy U. 3. aerial and naval campaign against Japa nese shipping In far Pacific waters was reflected in the Tokyo radio's announcement that a shortage In ocean tonnage had contributed to a food crises. Flood and drought were other factors mentioned. Tokyo admitted the critical ship ping situation as the destruction of planes and subs was revealed, and as army fliers intensified their at tacks on enemy craft plying in the Philippine area. One of the principal U. 8. tar gets was the great oil storage cen ter of Balikpapan on Bornea. FARM INCOME: High Level With an increased volume of crops marketed as the harvesting season advanced, September farm income jumped up 24 per cent from the preceding month to approximate $1,880,000,000 and total $13,848,000,000 since the first of the year, 6 per cent over 1943. The 0 per cent increase in Income for the first nine months of the year approximated the boost in farm pro duction, with crops up 7 per cent and livestock 6 per cent. 1 Gains in cash receipts from tobacco and cotton were especially pronounced while substantial in creases also were shown in oil-bear ing crops, with only flaxseed failing to keep pace. With greater sales of meat animals anticipated, the sea sonal decreases in marketings of dairy products was expected to be offset. Reflecting a boost in valu ations of real estate arising from higher prices, farmers' equities have increased by $38,040,809,8M since the start of the war, ac cording to H. R. Tolley of the U. S. bureau of agricultural economics. At the same time, Tolley said, the accumulation of $12,000,000,000 of cash or liquid assets gives the farm ers a sizable nest-egg with which to readjust operations in the post war period. Future equities will be greatly in fluenced by prevailing price levels, the amount of debt incurred and the uses made of accumulated war time assets, Tolley asserted. Under the impetus of wartime conditions, Tolley said, agriculture grew into a $70,000,000,000 industry in 1944 from $49,000,000,000 in 1940. If cash, deposits and savings bonds were added, the total value of the farm plant would approximate $83, 000,000,000, he said. Battle Royal Even in the excitement of war time, this year's presidential elec nun promises w ac* velop into an old fashioned political dogfight. As both candi dates warmed up. President Roosevelt declared: "... "Some political propagandists are now dragging red herrings across the trail of this national election. For exam nla 1 o Kap KaI+aaa President Roosevelt and bigots and some politicians use the term "communism" loosely, and apply it to every progressive social measure and to the views of every foreign born citizen with whom they disagree ..." The same week. Governor Dewey proposed to ". . . Revise the per owuai CACUl^UUU 3U that the man who makes $11 a week no longer has an in come tax taken out of his envelope . . . Reduce personal in come tax rates . . . Change and lower the income tax on incorporated busi ness companies so that it no longer acts as a drag upon GOT. Dewojr production . . . t>norten tne present endless list of nuisance taxes. WAR PRODUCTION: Labor Shortages As a result of the War Manpower commission's system of referring job applicants to important war in dustries, employment problems in the heavy-tire, artillery, ammuni tion, rayon, aviation gas, rockets and mica plants throughout the country have been relieved. On the other hand, the WMC re ported, radar, tire cord, explosives and ammunition loading plants, and certain critical shipyards, lost work ers despite the need for additional numbers. WMC reported smaller labor turn over in recent months in essential industries, with 4.9 per cent of tha total now quitting compared with 9.9 per cent last June. With employmsat ia the na tion's mines bUai to tha low est level In years, ism satis sad industrial coal tsoenmfii were warned to isollnoi fael con servation and boy whatever kind of eeal was available la stud of waiting far preferred grades. With one man out of every six having left the mines since Pearl Harbor, employment in the industry has dropped from 998,000 to 463,000, with a shortage of 32,900 men ex pected by the end of the present coal year. As a result of labor looses, em ployment in anthracite mines is tha lowest since the 1870s, while the number of workers in the bituminous pits is the smallest since 190>. mm ? H Memot of a Colyumist"< See'y Hugh Bxillie, United Press chief, now covering the war on the East ern front, wires back that the Nazis aren't quitting yet. But soma of Hitler's pals over here want us to! . . . One of my friends at Col lier's tells me that back in the Span ish-American War our Navy was the first to use rocket guns on the USS Vesuvius. When it was told to some top Admirals they were flabbergast ed. Labor leader Lewis was the butt of a practical joker in a crowded Washington hotel foyer. Someone pinned a "For Roosevelt" button on his back, and was he fee-yoo-ree-us! The Press Box: The N. Y. Herald Tribune headlined that telegrams praising Gov. Dewey's oratory are pouring in . . . Howe urn? Isn't there a ruling against wires of con gratulation during this war? . . . Remember the journalistic whoops when the gov't took over Montgom ery Ward? They wailed that it would devastate liberty . . The other day the same gov't took over a large Ohio war plant and the same gazettes buried the yarn . . . The Post offered an arresting contrast: One of its stories quoted Churchill ) stating that no war criminals will be ; free after the war. Another yarn revealed that British Fascist Capt. Ramsey (mixed up in Nazi espio nage) had been released from gaol and was free to do as he bloody well pleased . . . How Tempus Fu gits: Commy newspapers in the U. S. now praise the Repub stronghold ?WaU Street. At the National Press Club, Wash ington, the other day, George Gal lup, the surveyor of public opinion, was cornered by some scribes. One said: "Doc, what does it look like to you right now?" ... To which Dr. Gallup replied: "Roosevelt, Bricker, Fala, Dewey and Truman!" Mrs. Jonathan Wain writ ht, wile ol the heroic General captured by the Japs, is due at the Waldorl October 7. She will do a broadcast with Mrs. R. Newspaperman Stall: Two syndi cated colyumers were talking shop the other night . . . The first re marked that one of his papers had dropped his stuff because he at tacked people the paper liked . . . The other said: "They tried that with me. But I quit!" . . . "Yeah," said Ann Sheridan, "but I'll bet you had to slide like bell to make it!" The Moom Pitchers: In the new "March of Time" due this week, "What to Do With Germany" of fers the best shot yet of Hitler losing control of his eyeballs. The scene apparently was among film captured by the Allies from retreating Nazis. An amazing scene?the coovinoer that Hitler is nuts . . . "Seventh Cross," a punchy anti-Nazi theme, becomes punch-drunk when it at tempts to show good Germans in the Fatherland. The President at Ecuador will be a White House guest . . . "There's No Place Like Washington" will be published around Election Day. Cong. S. Bloom's dghtr auth'd. . . . Good news for the ladies: The WPB will give the official nod to shoe manu facturers some time soon. To make famme shoes again?with high heels. ... The Vatican's gold in the U. S. (since 1M1) will soon be returned to Rome. It was flown here via clipper 3 years ago. . . . 13,000 firms dealing with war industry have applied to Dun fc Bradstreet's for rating. Meaning that many expect to resume civilian work shortly.. . . Beware of storks from H'woed oq Sinatra. Ono aggrieved person has been gunning lor him and may try printer's ink as the weapon. Despite the premise of the Tru man Committee not to do anything about the Breakers Hotel, Palm Beach, before Sept. 1st, the returned wounded there (Ream General Hos pital) have been quietly transferred by Gen. Somervell to Camp Atter bury, Indiana. . . . And, although be claimed there was no need for such a hospital on the Florida East Coast, Somervell is now transform-* ing the WAC barracks at Daytona 5 Beach to replace the Ream Gen'l Hospital. . . . The current "inside" an over Washington and Palm Beach k that someone very dear to someone very influential used to spend the Winter at Palm Beach and was very upset when she could no I longer go there! AMERICAN FARMERS SURPASS THEIR OWN MARK . TO PRODUCE ANOTHER RECORD FOOD CROP IN 19M 153 Million Ton Grain Harvest Second Best. 25 Billion Pound Output of Meat All-High. America's soil and America's farmers are an unbeatable combination. That's the belief of N. E. Dodd, chief of the agricultural adjustment agency of the U. S. depart' ment of agriculture, as he points to the eighth successive record food production soon to be com pleted, and the all-time high for total farm production that is also being entered on the books for 1944. In all the history of the world, says Dodd, no country has before provided from its own farms enough food for all its civilians and all its fighting men, and had some to share with its allies. DVAA4 UA axia nnn ka 4M A V riuui, uc oajm, eon i/c ivuuu hi ? review of the record. The 1M4 harvest, according to department of agrieultare flf nres, U estimated at 4 per eent more crops reaped and threshed than last rear, while food pro duction Is np S per eent over lMS's record and 19 per eent over the pre-Pearl Harbor aver age for 1937-41. Beginning in 1939, when war en gulfed the European continent and America began to receive calls for supplies of all kinds, both food and total agricultural production have in creased each year, building up to the 1944 records that top anything in the nation's history. Yield of crops appears generally excellent, despite the hard use the soil has had of necessity during the war years. It is pointed out that only seven major crops show a low er yield than the average for 1933-43, which includes 1942's phenomenal yields. These crops are buckwheat, rice, dry beans and peas, peanuts, soybeans and sweet potatoes. Leading crop this season is wheat. It is the second billion-bushel har vest in U. S. history, exceeding by 10 per cent the previous record set in 1915. Estimates are for some 1,115,402,000 bushels in 1944, 33 per cent more than last season and 47 per cent more than the average for the 1933-43 decade. Yield per acre exceeds 1943 by 10 per cent, and the earlier decade by 30 per cent Big gest average acre yield for winter wheat is reported from Nevada, with 10 buahela per acre, compared with the national average of 18.8 buahela. Idaho ia next with 39 buahela, fol lowed by Waahington with 38.9 buah ela and Utah with 37 buahela per acre. Idaho and Utah lead in acre yield of spring wheat other than durum, with an average of 33 buah ela per acre, compared with the na tional average of 17.9 buahela. Bumper Cera Harvest. If the anticipated corn harvest of 3,101,000,000 bushels ia realized, it will top last year by about 39,000,000 bushels and exceed the 1933-43 aver age by 733 million bushels, or nearly one-third. This is dnly a little below the all-time record set in 1943. The acre yield this year is alightly under 1943, but 33 per cent more than the average fer 1933-43. Iowa heads the list for acre yield among the states with 93 bushels, compared with the national average of 31.8 buahela. Idaho takes second place with 47 bushels, followed by Illinois with 49 bushels, and New Hampshire, Ver mont and Wisconsin tied with 40 bushels per acre. Hybrid seed corn has played .no small part in Increasing corn pro duction, according to' the department of agriculture. Hybrids have been found to raise yield as much as 20 per cent, and in 1943 It was estimat ed that 889,000,000 bushels more corn were produced than would have been possible without the hybrids. Nearly 92 per cent of the corn acre age last year was planted to hybrid varieties, government figures show. A third more sorghums for grain than in any previous season is antic ipated with the harvest of about 150, 000,000 bushels compared with 112, 000,000 bushels in 1941, the highest production to date. The acre yield is 19 per cent more than in 1943, and 33 per cent greater than the 1933-42 average. California sets the pace for acre yield with 38 bushels per acre compared with ? 17 J national average, followed closely by Arizona with 33 bushels, Illinois with 38 bush els and Missouri with 21 bushels per acre. The oats crop is estimated at 1,190,940,000 bushels, 4 per cert more than last year and 18 per cent more than the 1933-42 average. Acre yield is only slightly higher than last sea son and about 8 per cent above the 1933-43 average. Washington and Wisconsin have the highest acre yield among the states, probably influ enced by the new Vic land variety which is hardier and particularly adapted to those areas. Washing ton's 48 bushels per acre and Wis consin's 43.9 bushels compere with -the national average of 30 bushels. yUtah with 41 bushels, and Nevada "and Idaho wilh 40 bushels per acre aieo report good yeare. Good trope et buckwheat and barley, and a near-reeerd riee crop, when added to the ether grata*, indicate a total grain harveet of 193^88^88 teas. This would he slightly less than the peak peer of 1942, bat 19,966,666 tone more then In 1M1 end rang ing from 12 te 28 per cent in ex eesa of the hereest daring the five years before 1242. Hay production of tome 96,000,* 000 tone in 1944 would mean a har vest of this important teed greater then in any years but 1916, 1927, 1942 and 1943. Acre yield of ell tame hay is estimated at 1.39 tons, with Cali fornia's average reaching 2.84 tons per acre, and Arizona's 2.40 tons. California also leads in acre yield of alfalfa hay with 4.20 tons com pared with the natiooal figure of 2.21 tons per acre. Arizona is again sec ond, with 2.73 tons per acre. The state of Washington tops California for clover and timothy hay with 2.10 tons per acre compared with the na tional acre yield of 1.32 tons, and 1.83 tons per acre in California. Peanut production may set a new record. The anticipated 1944 har . vest is 2,368,630,000 pounds picked and threshed, 7 per cent more than in 1943 and 76 per cent more than the 1933-42 average production. Acre yield U up 11 par cent over 1M3, although it la 6 per cent len then the average (or 1933-42. Dry beans, dry peas and flaxseed are considerably below -the large 1941 production, although compared with prewar harvests the production is at good size on all three crops. Production o1 white potatoes is ex pected to be down substantially be low the 1943 record harvest, al though exceeding the 1931-42 aver age by about 4 per cent with a production of 117,919,000 bushels. Acre yield is down about 11 per cent this year, although some 4 per cent above the 1933-42 average yield per acre. The crop of sweet potatoes is estimated at about 2 per cent above average, although some 3 per cent below 1943's high. Banner Vegetable Ontput. Housewives interested in supplies of fresh fruits and vegetables are expected to look with favor upon the* record or near-record fruit and vegetable harvests indicated for 1944. Fruit supplies for the 1944-49 season are estimated to be 10 to 19 per cent greater than in 1943-44. Tan nage of citrus from the 1944 bloom is expected to be as large or larger than the record 1943-44 production from the bloom of 1943. The eight major deciduous fruits, including ap ples, peaches, pears and grapes, will probably be 21 per cent grgater than last season, and 10 per cent mora than the 1833-42 average. Apples, for example, are expected to exceed the 1943 pick by 38 per cent, with 33,583,000 more bushels than last year, or about the same as the aver age for 1933-42. The peach harvest probably trill total 30,092,000 bushels, 71 per cent more than 1943, and 25 per cept above the 1933-42 average. Some 4,640,000 bushels more pears are in dicated, exceeding IMS by 19 per cent and 1933-42 by 2 per cent. The condition of most fruits is repented greatly improved over the condi tion at the same period last year. Commercial vegetables for fresh market are tip over the 1943 tonnage by approximately 18 per ce%t, and exceed 1933-42 by 22 per sent. They are expected to top the 1912 record of 7 million tons by 11 per cent. New highs are indicated for cabbage, let tuce and onions, with the harvest of tha latter crop reported as some 51 per cent greater than last year and 45 per cent more than the 1933-42 average. Tonnage of vegetables tar process ing is reported as about 10 per cent more than in 1943 and 51 per cent above the 1933-42 averaige- These crops include snap beans, green peas, sweet corn, tomatoes, beets, lima beans, kraut cabbage and pit, mientos. The tomato harvest is es timated as 19 per cent in excess of 1943's total at 2.859,100 tana for ? new high of 3.173,890 tone High acre yield of cotton, partly influenced by dry weather that held the boll weevil in check, has resulted in the picking of slightly mors than last year's 11,427,000 bales, for a total of 11,463,000 bales from a mil lion and a half (fewer harvested acres. Tobacco production is expected to be the second largest on record, with a total of 1,720.680.000 pounds, all types combined, compared with the 1930 record crop of 1,900,793.499 pounds. This year's tobacco harvest Is estimated at 24 per cent in ex cess of 1943. Another record egg production on farms is indicated. During the first eight months of 1944 total production is reported as up I per cent over die same pesiod last year, and 49 per cent over the 1933-42 average. Al though chickens for market dropped substantially below last year's high, about 3,500,000,000 pounds of chicken meat, or 42 per cent more than the 1933-42 average, are expected to he produced in 1944. An increase of some 4 per cent tor the production of all meats is indi cated for 1944, compared with th? 1943 record. A total qf 29,000,099,999 pounds is expected this year, at which 19,790,000,000 pounds will be beef and veal.' Beef production to estimated at about 10 per cent mora than in 1943, with veal possibly to per cent more. An indicated 13,250,000,000 pounds of pork would be a little less than the large pro duction in 1943, due to lighter mar-, ket weights, but lard production will probably total about 3,390,000,089 pounds, or 11 per cent mors than last year's peak. Lamb fend mutton production of about 970,000^09-. pounds compares favorably with prewar years, although it would bw 12 par cant below the 1948 record. Buy with harvest on farm near Trappe, Md., William Iiim aad crew leave held with (our boaheli ef tomatoes, infinitesimal part ef esti mated crop of 3,171,Me teas. Ft ad Marshall oI Minnesota epit omises tha American farmer, whose estimated 1.1U,MS,?M bushels of wheat for 1M4 represent aa all-time Ugh fer the C. 8.
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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Oct. 19, 1944, edition 1
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