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" ~ '''?." r* ?%? ' -?. "' * ,.rr.- '.*?? jy. .iMW? *r vr ? < ." ? ' *">V# ^ ^i__ i'iy.tf" >v>? vv v ? ' " The Alamance Gleaner VtL LXXI ' ? .-' GRAHAM; N.'^ TSURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1945 No. 38 ^?^???^?<???*?????? ._ '. .. . _ ? H lltPPI#! %-* *? ? - nstMT NEWS ANALYSIS Congress Backs Pearl Harbor Probe, But Stiff Fight Looms Over Truman's Domestic Policies Released bj Western Newspaper Union. |nnil??'l NOTE: When eplaieas are esaresacd la these eelamae. User are these el Win Newspaper Union's news analreia and set atresiartl? el this newspaper.) ?mm as well as factory Industrial facilities felt the lash of U. 8. ?h raids, with only the machinery standing in the ashes of this burned awl i said i atisl shop in Tokyo. CONGRESS: Fight Looms fifUifhted by an 18,000 word aaeasage from President Truman, mpm went back to work after a brief recess to tussle over legisla tes extending the draft, tiding the ?atfaa over reconversion, holding ?w price line until volume produc Omm develops, readjusting the farm anaamy to peacetime, and provid ing credit for foreign countries. The Srst congressional move, how cver, concerned none of these weighty problems but rather the Mart Harbor debacle of December % mi. Stealing the ball from the Sep ublican opposition, Senator BaiUejr (Dem., Ky.) called for a jsait senate-house inquiry into the Aaaater, with an amendment by Sen ators Vandenberg (Rep., Mich.) and Hupuuu (Rep., Mich.) broadening ?e probe to include the Philippine, Wake and Midway islands setbacks as well. Matching speedy passage h the senate, House Speaker Ray bora (Dem., Texas) assured prompt action in his chamber. BarUeys resolution for an investi Calioe followed on the heels of con pessiunal clamor for an inquiry as a result of general feeling that the army and navy board reports con stituted a whitewash of political Speaker Raybnrn (left), President (center) and Majority Lead ? Hartley. higher-ups. Barkley himself took rec <niHn? of this sentiment, declaring - Bat the probe should bring out all ? fcrta relating to civil as well as . mdhmy responsibility, with no ef bd to shield any individual. Though support -for a joint-con (nuiiiiil investigation of Pearl ?arbor was nigh unanimous, the administration faced rougher sled dag an other important legislation, aritb the Republicans threatening a bitter fight against so-called pater nahstic aspects of Mr. Truman's dmnestic program and liberal for eign lending provisions. Particularly acrimonious debate was expected to develop over such adwibristration-supported measures as increasing unemployment com peuoation to a maximum of $25 a week far 28 weeks; entrusting the ^warament with providing for full ea^loyment; banning racial or reli 0ous discrimination in hiring, and ?dwdn federal public works taBSug. Opponents also girded to 40d the administration's reconver afiaa pricing policies, which seek to baH charges to 1942 levels until awaaa production permits volume. la military matters, a lively fight bawd over extension of the draft br II to 25 year oldsters, with the Mae somewhat tempered by efforts hs^aaaMroluntary recruiting by pay JAPAN: Details Defeat Because of the disruption of com ?wication lines and the blasting at heavy industries in the wake of As V. S.'s relentless forward ad vance. Japan was finished last June, Prouder Higashi-Kuni told the 88th aoasiaa at the imperial diet. * The premier's analysis of Japan's **ut fallowed Emperor Hirohito's appeal to the Japanese people to ful- I All the obligations of the uncon ditional surrender and work to re gain the confidence of the world. In detailing the Nipponese down fall, Higashi - Kuni revealed that combined U. S. sea and air might had sharply reduced Nipponese shipping and rail communications 1 and cut down the flow of materials to war industries. In turn, these plants suffered heavily from air J bombardment. _ | Declaring that the ruins of Hiro shima and Nagasaki were too ghast ly to even look upon, Higaahi-Kuni admitted that the use of the atomic bomb proved the real turning point of the war, with Russia's entrance capping the disastrous turn of events. _ I Even as Higashi-Kuni spoke, U. S. I forces continued to pour into Japan for occupation duties, with an esti- I mated 300,000 to 400,000 men eventu ally needed to complete the opera tion. With U. S. troops fanning out over the Japanese home islands, efforts were made to speed up the release of American war prisoners, many of whom charged mistreat ment during their captivity. Avi ators especially were singled out for abuse, first being pummeled by any civilians upon parachuting to safety, before being turned over to military guards. REDEPLOYMENT: Revise Plans Considered its answer to wide spread criticism on the part of serv icemen as well as the public, the army revised its redeployment plans to free an estimated 665,000 vets from Pacific duty. Under the new plan, G.I.s exempt from overseas service will include those with 45 or more discharge points; those between 34 and Si years of age with a year of serv ice, or those 37 or over. Previous ly, the army had required 75 points for suoh exemption. Meanwhile. 200.000 army officers looked forward to early release fol lowing the announcement of dis charge plans based upon the point system. With points computed on the basis of one for each month m service, one for each month of over seas service, five for each combat award and 12 for each dependent under 18, colonels, lieutenant-col onels and majors need 100 points for discharge; captains, first and second lieutenants, 85, and warrant and flight officers, 80. 1 EMPLOYMENT: Set Goal Speedy rehiring of many dis charged war workers by reconvert industries will be necessary if the War Manpower commission s eoal of an immediate postwar fae tory employment of 14 million is o ^The necessity of siding SETS* mis"pointed up by the WMC's own estimate that four mi lion persons would lose wartime jobs within the next six months. Aircraft plants alone will discharge one md lion with ordnance releasing 800,000. shipbuilding #?.000 and government ^Manufacturing industries cannot sop up all of the available labor sup 0lv WMC said, declaring that in leasing numbers of men and worn ? till have to enter mining, build in* trade and farming. Because the srysss ; JSr tnployment in the* fields. I QUISLING: Defends Self~ With death staring him In the face, pale and grim Vidkun Quisling was pictured as a constructive Eu ropean statesman and passionate foe of Bolshevism by his counsel Henrik Bergh during the closing stages of the celebrated treason trial in Oslo, Norway. Though no political disciple of the notorious collaborator, lawyer Bergh depicted Quisling as an ideal istic eccentric, who, while contact ing Hitler in 1939, also commu nicated with Chamberlain in an ef fort to bring about peace between Germany, Britain and France. Bergh attributed the collaborator's sympathy with the Nazi occupation j of 1940 to a desire to prevent Nor way becoming a battleground like Poland through a British landing and subsequent German counterattack. First sympathetic to communism while doing relief work in Russia in 1923, Quisling changed his atti tude in 1930 upon seeing mass im prisonments, starvation and plagues in the soviet, Bergh said. RECONVERSION: Strikes Interfere In the first serious work stoppage in the reconversion period, produc tion was cut sharply at the Ford and Hudson automobile plants fol lowing a variety of labor disputes. In Washington, D. C., the govern ment remained in close touch with the situation, in keeping with Presi dent Truman's avowed determina tion to prevent a reconversion slow down through labor differences. . At Ford's, over 26,000 workers were laid off as a result of strikes at parts suppliers' plants, with the walkout of 4,500 employees of the Kelsey - Hayes Wheel company over the discharge of union stewards chiefly interfering with production. The stewards had been fired for in stigating a brawl with a foreman. Curtailment of production at Hud son's followed the walkout of 6,000 workers in sympathy with 500 fore men striking in protest over a re duction of wartime wage rates. SECT RITES FATAL *7 may be bitten and I may die," 32-year' old Lewis Francis Ford, lay preacher of the Dolly Pond Church of God near Birch wood, Tenn., told a newspaper reporter before conducting his sect's snake handling rites. "But if I do,n Ford continued, "it will be because the Lord wants to show unbelievers the snakes are poisonous.** Shortly afterward. Ford was bitten on the right hand as he was removing a three foot rattlesnake from n wooden box, and was taken to a near-by home where several of the followers of his faith prayed for him. When his condition worsened, however, he was rushed to a Chattanooga hospital, uhcre he died. Ford's death followed that of Mrs. Har vey O. Kirk of Wise, Va~, who succumbed from a rattlesnake bite on the wrist dur ing a religious rite. Before dying Mrs. Kirk gave birth to a child, which failed to sur vive. JAP RESETTLEMENT: Lift Coast Ban Of 110,000 persons of Japanese ancestry, who were removed from the Pacific coast following Pearl Harbor, only 45,000 will return with the lifting of the ban against their resettlement there, U. S relocation authorities predicted. Out of the 110,000 removed, about 50,000 have found, new homes in other sections of the country, where they have entered ? variety of in dustries ranging from watch-making to mechanical dentistry and proven their efficiency and trustworthiness. Anomer ou.uw nave remainea in re location camps. With feeling running high against Japanese-Americans in some Pacif ic coast communities, Ma], Gen. H. C. Pratt, commander of the western defense zone, called upon residents there to accord resettlers the same privileges of other law-abiding citi zens. SURPLUS GOODS: Sales Policy Hoping to speed the turnover of material and permit wider distribu tion among dealers during the im mediate period of scarcity, the de partment of commerce reported that most surplus war goods would now be sold on a fixed price basis rather than sealed bids. The department revealed its poli cy change at the same time that it announced 300 million dollars worth of material is being made avail able to wholesalers and retail ers, with items including chicken wire, trucks and other vehicles, hardware, shotguns and shells. Under the new selling plan, mate rial will be disposed of to whole salers and retailers under OPA ceil ings, with allowances for profit mar gins. Thirty days credit will be ex tended. An estimated SO per cent of dollar volume of all surplus sales will fall under the new pricing policy. By JACK LAIT (Pinch Hitting tbi* week lot Waltor Wiocbtil) Memo from Manhattan? With my ton, paratrooper-war corre spondent George Lalt, I law a private projection ot "The Story of GI Joe," which then bad not yet opened in New York. This la a film centered around some of the famous activities of Ernie Pyle. We both have a sentimental In terest In Ernie I knew him when he was an Inconspicuous desk drudge on a Washington newspaper, a nice little guy who gave no Indication of the Im mortality he was to attain In our pro fession. But George knew him more Intimately than he knows his brother. They crossed together In a tiny tub to Lisbon, flew from there to London, shared a little flat during the mur derous blitz. They went together to Africa and shared tents. Jeeps and fox holes dortng the adversities of- the British defeat and retreat and through the triumphs of the allies from El Ala meln to conquest of the desert and the Mediterranean. They were side by side In Welly and In Italy. George had caught ' malaria In the desert and came back hers for a spell of rest. After that ha went through campaigns In New Guinea, Salpan, through the bitter fighting en Leyte. He made battle jumpe with the Eleventh Air borne Division and waa about to go on to Luzon when the malaria caught up with him again. Gen. MacArthur ordered him flown back on alck leave. Meanwhile, Ernie Pyle had come heme to root and re cuperate at hie heuae In Albuquer que, N. M. I met George at my Beverly HIHi retreat, tbe day after he landed In San Francisco, and while we were there Ernie visited us. He was now on his way to cover the fighting In the Pa cific. By this time, he was the most widely syndicated reporter In the world, the only man In my knowledge who ever bad both the top best-sellers on tbe book market at once, and he could have commanded princely prices to lec ture, write for magazines or take any of a score of broadcasting offers. , , . George, who had been through plenty with him, told him he was bound for stuff much worse and more dangerous than he had ever known. George point ed ont to him his situation, on top of the world, and literally begged him not to go. But Ernie said the very fact that he had built up so large a follow ing waa a mandate and an obligation; he conldn't quit In the middle; be had a hunch he would never come back, but he Insisted he should go on. "The Story of Gl Joe" takes him onlv as far aa hla tnrnlno tn tha road to Borne. . . . Barged Meredith, who give* en annuo; personification, itadled under George and others who knew Ernie well and acquired hla little Intimate mannerisms; makes even those who knew Pyle think he looks like him. ... Bat, though be Is a star and play Ing a greater one, 01 Joe la the hero? collect I rely?of this brave flint I call It brave because Lester Oowan pot two and a half million dollars Into It, though he had pledged Ernie not to glorify him, gave his principal charac ter no suggestion of any sort of ro mance, and contracted to let Ernie throw oat any scenes he djda*t like. He did discard several, which were quite costly, becaaae they made toe mach of him and too little of the ssea he loved and who loved him. . . . Perhaps It was this spirit and faculty that lifted Ernie Pyle above any other reporter of his generation. He wan a self-effacing little fellow, not physically brave, who sweated and shuddered dar ing action, but who not only never docked It, bat went, weary and woe begone, to seek It .. . George tells mo that daring the nightly Nasi raids on London, Pyle would be panic-stricken? yet he wss the first one at his type writer when It stopped. ... He had a lot of resistance, as many wiry little men have .. . With the kind of staff be wrote, he could have almost as well i worked miles back of the front Bat , the reporter In him drove him right to where things were thickest His widow, Gerry, has pleased all his friends by stopping hard on a professional project to establish a gaudy memorial park In hie mem ory.,.. That's exactly what would have made him wince ... Perhaps modesty was hla predominant char, actsrlstic, and It ahowv in thla film, over a natural temptation for a pro ducer, director and actor to create a here .. . Te himself, Ernie was no hero ... He was bewildered by the praise and prosperity which poured down on efforts which be . Intended to be simple and humble, as be was te the last end which t am aura he would want hie memory ** I ^ Continuation of Nurses Training to Provide for | Thousands of Qualified Hospital Assistants ?y Walter A. 8h*ad, WNU Staff Corraapondant A a-a-l - * * ? " * ' * n imai 01 ik,uuu giru ana young women, ot which .number 59 percent or approximately 66,100 come from email towna of 5,000 and under population, are enrolled in the nuraea training couraee epon aored by the United Statee Public Health Service of the Federal Security Agency. Theae girla are entrained in what ia more commonly called the cadet nuraea training corpa and the erroneoua impreaaion haa been largely foitered that they muat enter the army and navy eervice upon graduation. Thie ia untrue, however, aince the law providing for the training of theae nuraea aaya they are trained for the armed forcee, governmental and civilian hoapital, health agenciee, war induatriea and for other rranx>ae?- and whara tha . 1 none* decide to practice la entirely voluntary on their pert They may decide to atay In civilian practice, or to go Into the army or nary, but emphasis la placed upon the TOlnntary nature ot their service. As la the case In moet war projects, particularly where money tor operation cornea from some other source, there la considerable confusion In the Public Health Service aa thla Is written as to whether the governmental training at nurses under the act will continue. The law setting op the program pro vides that the act shall cease upon the date of the termination ot hostilities In the present war as determined by the President or upon such earlier date as the congress, by concurrent reeolu tlon or the President may designate. The student nurses already enrolled In the program will be able to finish their courses because the law provides that all student nurses who were re ceiving training or course ninety days prior to end of hostilities or declara tion by congress or the President may be graduated. No further enrollments are being ac cepted In the cadet nnraea corps. Those with more than ninety daya' training, aa of V-J day, win be retained In their present hospital assignments, until they hare completed the 10 to M months of training provided. A movement has been started In congress to hart the life of the cadet nurses corps coo tin nod during ponce time. Thousands to Graduate. Thirty thousand young woman srlll become graduate nurses this fall aa the new class prepares to enter the course end- while the armed forces likely will orgs these graduates to enter upon hospital duty within the services, It may be that the need elsewhere will be more urgent At any rite. It will be optional with the graduate ae to where they go. Cost of tending tbese nonet through a 24-month courts Is approximately $1250 to the government, so the cost of the training so far has been about $ HO,000,000. in addition, the govern with tad - Mm * ~ UICUH n iuj uwHininl avi luiim tiVUI th* Federal Worke Agency, bee con ?trurted some 290 new project*. Includ ing building*, laboratories and other equipment at a cost to the government of 117,987.202 and to the private hos pital* of $8J60,78S. The now construc tion ha* provided fadlltle* for 12.1M student*. What will com* of thee* new bond ing* when the emergency end* baa not definitely been decided. Likely they win be declared surplus war properties and be disposed of through the Bacon atructlou Finance Corporation with preference ar priority bsing given to the Institution where they are con structed. Under the prevlelens *# the lew, the government pays heepltale whlsh have Inaugurated a nurses' trdlnlng course under the provisions of the act, far maintenance, meals, laundry and rasms and far In doer and outdoor uniforms, teat books and ether fees. In addition, the government payt the hospitals, which, In turn, pay the girls, $11 par month for the first nine months and 130 par menth for the next fifteen months, or until their train runs mors than two years, (Iris gat $30 par month for the last ate months. Coat of maintenance averages ap proximately $36 to $40 par month for aoeh girt At the present time the public health eervloe ho* ap proved 1110 nurses' training schools out of ? possible 1300 schools In ?600 heepltale In the United States. And according to reeordc of the public health nervtes, about 10 par cent of the nursing ccrvlcc In hen pltale where cuch training cchccIt arc In progrsce cemca from the cadet nurse students. The course also make* peovlaloe for poot-graduate conrsed for gtadneto nurses to become supervisors or tea ch oc* end approximately 30,000 have boon enrolled la these torn see, which an short lasting up tu approximately six months. According to Information hart tbo ?ejmitneent of noma f*r thtse counus t ? X hu been on* of tb* most successful ?Sorts In the war and baa been tb* moat reasonable In point of cost to tb* government- Tb* public relations pro gram la In charg* of lfrn. Jean Hen derson Mulcahy of Jacksonville, Fla., a former newspaper woman, wbo prior to bar coming to Washington, was for flva years director of public relation* for tb* Florida State Board of Health. -we Tb* cadet nurs* corps 1s one of tb* f*w organisations In tb* war which has b**n given an official flag, and by action of Dr. Thomas Parran, Surgeon General, and approved by Paul V. Mo Mutt, Federal Security Administrator, tb* flag was ordered as a whit* rec tangular field, with t whits Malt*** croee centered on a red oral super imposed on a rectangle of gray and below tb* cro*a Insignia tb* words "Cad*t Nurse Corps" la regimental red lettering. Tb* official flag to ordered displayed at all Induction ceremonies, graduation exercise*, parade* and at such other times as authorised by tb* Surgeon General. Provider!** Was First. The first hospital In tb* United States to b* approved for Installation of a cadet nurse corps was Providence Hospital In Washington, D. O, the *?* ond being Johns Hopkins In Baltimore. According to Mrs. Molcaby, the Prov idence Hospital corps to one of the model organisations In the country and under tbe direction of 81ster Rita, su perintendent of nurse* there for tb* past twelve years, tbe cadet corps has been Integrated with tbe five-year uni versity coarse which was also Inaugu rated by Bister Rita several years ago. In other words, at Providence, moot applicants for cadet nnrse training are selected from among girls who have had at least two years' college or uni versity education and when they gradu ate they not only receive the coveted "BN," or registered nurse, degree, bat they receive a bachelor of science de gree from Catholic University of Amer ica, with which tbe hospital has affil iated for the course ' Ont of the mere than 183 fftrll In the claaa at Provi dence, 107 art collafa girl*. Slater Rita axplalna that out of an avalanche of application!, aha waa abla to mako carafol aelectlon of glrla with collag# training, that tbsy mako batter atadents and that aa a raaolt of thla carafol aaloctloo, ProTldenco Hoopltal haa had no dladpUnary probloma aoch aa haa been trna In other hoepltala wbera each care wae not exerdaed ta the aelectlon of appUcanta It mar bo that tho experience with { the cadet nnrae corpa at Providence will nark a turning point In the traln lnf of nutooa throughout tho country, alnco Slater Rita la planning to a baa- 1 don tho ordinary three-rear nalaea* training coarae which haa been la vogee at moat nnrae training achoola, ta favor of the longer conrao and a college ICkDCt dtfTM. Although the Uw provider for aa laalgnla which nay be worn on both Indoor and outdoor uniform, the eta denta at- Providence wear tha aamo qplforma aa atndenta In regular train ing without lnalgnla, and there la no dlatlnctlon whatever nude either la , their training or In the treatment they receive by tho hoopltal. And few If any of the cadet naraee at thla ecbooi wear their outdoor uniform ta make them dlatlnctlve from the other glrta la a total training achool of 130 glrta. Large Urban Claaa la recruitment of tho cadet naraee, according to public health aarvlce rec ord!, 80 per cant come from towna and rural communltlae of lean than 2300 population. An additional lg per cent com from towna of leoa than 5000 and only g per cent cam from tho largo metropolitan dtlea. Mm Molcnhy explained thla unnaaai proportion of trelneea from tha aamll towna la tho fact that parent! felt that their daughter* would bo aheltered la proper environment*, that many of them had not boon away from their horn town communltlee and that they felt eefer and more aecure In permit ting their entrance la the cadet nnrae corpa, both aa a patriotic meet and aa a aacurtty tor their fetam There hae keen little ??i"1al tod dang to this important training coarse tf prurigo additional mm daring ftp emerteney, partictlariy from the (Irt? themselves. Most complaint, Mn. Mol csliy remarked, come* from parents who believe the (iris should have the same par as privates In the annj, P# per month; that the (Iris are not soh Ject to veterans' beneflta and that they are not entitled to (too mall. To offset these, however, It la points* out that the (Iris aro receivtiK training for a life work af*tbe expense of their government and that despite aesd for corses In the armed forces, they are still free agents to practice when and whore they will, or to sot practice *? all If they should so desire. If thsp marry, or for any other reason. Farm Indebtedness Is Cut 25 Per Cent ] In Past Five Yean | Farmers are ausla( their Tarpr be comes wisely In redadac their ladabl ednesa Many hare paid eft all their mort(e(es and others hare rotated their obU(atloos far mark rapidly thaa their schedule of pa J as aula required The total mort(a(t. Indebtedness an, 9 farms has declined at least a par cadi dnrin# fhn Inwt Hs? ?? ? ? ? 1 in much batter prepared nnaociaBy to moot readjustments tbot map bo| necessary. Ib another way, farmers art acting) wisely la order to avoid hoary loaaaa, later. They are trying to keep pricaa of farma from sky-rocketingas laad dM; la 1919 aad 1920, only to be followed by a collapee which was a hoary bailoa, for many years. The danger Is aoa yet peat for terms are betas sold to many cases orar SO per cant higher than in prewar times The sUaatlaa to becoming a little better new aad tea. prospects are more promising. Merchants aad hnslnisa men la rarat! communities aad smaller towns are, preparing to meet changed conditions for tbetr prosperity is so doseiy tied up with that of the termers Conditions for them are rery good, as Indicated by the rise of bank deposits la agri cultural regions, by higher retell sales, i cud Increased consumer demand far both goods aad services. Merchants are trying hard to get the gooda far which tha demand la so large. The good lodgment aad wise manage ment which has already succeasfnOgi accomplished so mock will help not only the farmers, hot alto tea owtiroj country daring the poatwar period, tew I ore ready to face whatever cornea. I Much baa been dona and even morn to| going to bo accomplished u> make thai future at prosperous aa possible. There' has been some unemployment due taj dosing down of plant* engaged la thaj _ | manufacture of war material. i Good Start Mad* j In Major Job Sf*' Of Reconvemon Bocoorersloa?aad an that It aatatei between bow aad tela tima aast year preeean a black picture If eae 11 atoms la the predlcttema at mat goreramaat and tabor teadars. . Tbo recon rerahia "(ptelme tram tta ?tot M darkly skated Dad i atrit ?f optimism proTtU* -wittts tbo ranks at Indostrj Is moat local! ties throogtead tha nation. . Ioaofar aa goTaraiaant il concerned wo are. almost a till unprepared far peace Although the fuD-ttaa ampler moot bin wee introduced taat Jan nary with urgent recommendatlona from the tats President Hooserelt that It be enacted Into taw and later urging by President Truman ... tha bill Btm reals is a sonata plgsoahola. And, al though there are many raml&catteaw to tha question of racoaeeraloa treaa war to a peace-time aconomy, tha prata lam at unemploj input. of lower wagoa. If only for a short temporary parted la predicted will slash tha national to co me from approximately 162 MTItowl aa of now to around 112 bit liana aa-. Dually as of January l. 1?M. And W la unemployment, the human aids eel recoorernlon, which win causa the; most suffering. Bat looking nt the picture an pato-t mistically aa one can. It la a tar eryi from a national inconaa of 112 M1H? t to around flfty blQtena which wan thai nation's income daring the depreaatenj years la tha mld-thlrttaa. It la a harah parados to wttnaaa a nation which tea won tho gmtMt military victory tm history nod accomplished the soot pro dlglooa production mliscte la tha as-' ante of mas, threw apjta bastta and{ ... %
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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Sept. 20, 1945, edition 1
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