The Alamance Gleaner
VOL. LXXII "? GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, MARCH 7, 1946 No. 5
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
Reds Charge Canada With Bad
Faith in Atom Row; Strive to
Hold New Stabilization Line
? Released by Western Newspaper Union. J
(EDITOR'S NOTE: When ?pinions are expressed In these celemns. they are these of
Western Newspaper Union's news analysts and net necessarily of this newspaper.)
Pointing: op army warnings of short food supply ill reich, Germans are
ahown scouring rubbish pile behind allied barracks in Berlin for edibles.
ATOM SPIES:
Russ Reply
Canada's disclosure of an atom
spy ring had ticklish diplomatic
ramifications with Russia's angry
protest against the dominion's an
nouncement of the news without
prior consultation with Moscow with
a view toward correcting the situ
ation.
Though admitting that the soviet
military attache had received atom
ic information from Canadians,
Moscow said the data was of a mi
nor nature and the recipient official
had been recalled when it learned of
his activities. It was hinted that do
minion's action was calculated to
impair Russian prestige at a time
when the Reds were advancing the
cause of independence for subject
people in the United Nations organ
ization.
In discussing the atomic informa
tion its military attache received,
Moscow declared that it consisted of
data already compiled by Russian
scientists or included in a book by
Dr. Henry Dewoife Smyth of Amer
ica. A consultant to the army on
manufacture of the A-bomb, Smyth
detailed atomic developments from
the 1920s through the war, but omit
ted vital figures in the formula for
producing the necessary materials.
As the Canadian case developed,
pressure in this country increased
for added safeguards for protecting
America's secret of manufacturing
the A-bomb. Declaring that more
atomic information had been di
vulged since the introduction of the
A-bomb than during actual work
en the project, army men were said
to have charged some of the leaks
to scientists' discussions.
STABILIZATION:
New Rules
In determining wage adjustments
under the new stabilization program
formulated by the administration tb
clear the hurdle for postwar pro
duction, the stabilization board will
permit pay increases within a pat
tern set for an industry, as in the
case of oil, steel and automobiles
where the figure of approximately
18 cents an hour was established.
To speed settlement of current
disputes, the new order also per
mitted employers to grant wage in
creases without prior government
approval in industries where pay
patterns have been formed, or where
only so-called "fringe" adjustments
involving vacation and holiday pay
and shift premiums are involved.
Wherever any advances are made
the basis for applications of higher
Reflecting increased provision against
a rainy day and potential purchasing
power, national savings jumped 20 bil
lion dollars in 1944 for a total of 142
billion, the Institute of Life Insurance
reported. Holdings included VS. bonds,
insurance, bank deposits, postal savings
and accounts in savings and loan asso
ciations. The 142 billion dollar total ex
ceeded record consumer purchases in
1945 by 40 per cent.
]
ceilings, however, they must be
submitted to the stabilization board
fbr an o.k.
While only firms employing eight i
or less persons were exempted from
the new stabilization regulations,
government officials revealed that c
other companies may also be ex- i
eluded if their wage adjustments do i
not have an inflationary effect.
While Stabilization Director i
Bowles admitted that the new wage- 1
price policy constituted a "bulge" i
hi the line against inflation, he de- <
dared that there would be no big I
.w?k aSd ceiUn?s would only be J
increased m cases where pay ad
Justments necessitated such action,
a r??ft"Sei r outlays make up
KO^ anH SmaUer item in such
gtwds and services as food, cloth
ing and rent, Bowles said, major
hving costs should remain compar- |
W? k !6L In the metal indus
tries where labor expenses are high- I
er, however, prices can be expect
ed! to show appreciable increases
Dohcvgr^S1?nal reaction to "I? new
Pnucy w congress was mixed
House Speaker Rayburn (Dem
Texasldeclared it was a step in
the right direction but could not be
pSbtoms \S?1Va 311 ou* economic
problems. Rep. Case (Rep., S. D.)
^^i-ogrettable President
Truman had been "backed against a
wall where he thought it was neces
j ooUective bargaining
^nr,ree1?m ?Ut of the window and
again" totalitarian methods
EMPIRE:
Diplomatic Test
*1522*/?% P?Utical Noting
and Jndia pointed up the
British ' p.rob'ems toeing portw?
Bnt^h diplomacy in the preserva
tion of important military and eco
nomic outposts in the far-flung em
fo^td?-by #tudent agitators, crying
for retirement of British troops from
strategic coastal bases and the re
joining of Sudan with the Egyptian
government mobs stormed through
Cairo smashing windows, desecrat
ing Christian churches and attack
ing military barracks. Known for
his strong inclination to order, new
Premier Sidky Pasha, while ptZ
fessrng sympathy with national as
pirations, threatened to use an iron
hand in restoring calm.
In India, mobs took the mutiny of
native imperial seamen as an oc
casion of wild rioting, looting shops
burning busses and street cars and
destructive stoning. In rebelling in
?'royal naval installa
tions, the Indian sailors charged
discrimination in demobilization and
payaUowancesand fought pitched
battles with British forces seeking
to regain seized positions.
Meanwhile, Foreign Minister Bev
in told commons in a review of the
international situation: "I am not
prepared to sacriflce the British em
pire because I know that if the
British empire fell the greatest col
lection of free nations would go into
the limbo of the past "
ROME:
Church Program
Calling for international spiritual
StiT'i^i? P!.Ua XI1 Pres?nted the
Catholic church's program for peace
during ceremonies creating 32 new
cardinals, including Francis J
Spellman of New York, John J. Glen
n?"?f St. Louis, Samuel A. Stritch
Detroit**0 and Edward M??ney of
Stating that only through spiritu
al unity tying men together in mu
tual respect could mankind be ex
Pected to resolve its common probl
ems. the Holy Father decried po
litical imperialism which aimed to
ward the seizure of material riches
and human oppression.
Vigorously denying that the Cath
^c*urff? temporal sov
ereignty, the pope said that iU pro
gram called tor spiritual unity, with
Signification of the individual the
tor preserving bis liberty and
advancing the welfare of state and
family. Pointing to the world-wide
representation in the college of car
declared ft re
lUctad the aspirations of all
GERMANY:
Private Relief
As a result of President Truman's
approval of the establishment of a
private relief council composed of
religious, labor and social agencies,
needy Germans may receive up to
2,000 tons of supplies each month if
shipping and port facilities allow.
Set up after heavy pressure had
been exerted for the alleviation of
starvation and privation in the con
quered Reich out of humanitarian
considerations, the new council,
known as CRALOG, will include the
American Friends Service commit
tee, Brethren Service committee.
Christian Science War Relief com
mittee, Church Committee on Over
seas Relief and Reconstruction, In
ternational Rescue and Relief com
mittee, Labor League for Human
Rights (AFL), Lutheran World Re
lief, Inc., Mennonite Central com
mittee, National CIO Community
Service committee, Unitarian Serv
ice committee, and the National
Catholic Welfare conference.
With the U. S. army in over-all
control, and a CRALOG representa
tive checking on distribution and
surveying needs, shipments will in
clude evaporated and powdered
milk, sugar, fats, clothing and shoes
and medical supplies.
Relief Racket
With the shipment of private re
lief packages to European countries
outside of Germany growing into a
big business, the OPA moved against
fraudulent operators in New York
City accused of overcharging clients
for food deliveries to Europe.
Begun four months ago when gov
ernment officials noticed the dis
crepancies between the prices and
contents of packages, investigations
reportedly disclosed that cheaper
foods were being substituted, items
listed were not enclosed, excess
postage was charged and insurance
fees were asked on uninsured par
cels.
With several hundred companies
already engaged in the business,
firms are now shipping packages at
the rate of 3,500,000 a year.
Connie Still Bosses A's
As the major league baseball
teams, strengthened once again by
return of their stars from the serv
ice, opened spring training in the
sunny southern and western climes,
83-year-old Connie Mack was on
hand to greet his Philadelphia Ath
letics at West Palm Beach, Fla.
Manager of the A's since 1901 and
winner of nine American League
pennants and five World Series, the
Connie Mack greets A's.
soft-spoken, balding diamond wiz
ard gathered a group of hustling
youngsters about him in another ef
fort to develop a championship club
from promising raw material. So
had he built up his great teams of j
1910-' 14 and 1929-'31 and so he
would try again, leaving the other
clubs to build around expensive
stars purchased around the circuit.
As the A's settled down to work,
interest centered on 6-foot 4-inch
Dick Fowler, who pitched a no-hit
ter against the Browns last year,
and Eddie Collins Jr., a Yale grad
uate and son of the former great
second baseman who paced Mack's
famed 1910-'14 aggregation.
VETS:
Unemployment High
Speaking at a meeting of the
American Legion's national employ
ment committee, designed to spur
community services for vet hiring.
Gen. Omar Bradley declared that
13 per cent of the G.I.s in the labor
force remained Jobless, with 1,039,
000 receiving unemployment com
pensation in the early part of Feb
ruary.
The relatively high percentage of
unemployed vets contrasted with
the general rate, Bradley said, stat
ing that only 9 per cent at males in
the labor force were out of work,
and the total jobless approximated
4 per cent.
Employment of disabled vets has
similarly lagged, Bradley said, with
tha hiring of handicapped G.I.s
three times behind applications in
September and even lower In De
cember and January.
Fun to Stay Home:
A drive Id the country has its per
ils. The parade of sappy billboards
is bound to affect your nervous sys
tem. And there is always a lunk
head on the road, who will send you
to the nearest hospital babbling that
he had the right of way.
Nothing can top a home-cooked
meal. The cuisine in swanky spots
is usually tangy, but a glance at the
steep fees for food is bound to give
anyone not on the columnist "cuff"
indigestion.
Locking paws with a cutie-pie or
patting her knees under a cafe ta
ble is a popular form of recreation.
Yet the privacy of the home pro
vides the coziest atmosphere for cu
pididoes. Besides, you can be ar
rested for playing Post Office in
public.
There is plenty of danger in night
clubs. The air is usually foul, the
music is brassy and the emcees'
inept cavorting is invariably piti
ful. Making goo-goo eyes at the doll
across the room is more perilous
than smoking hop. She might have
a boy-friend who packs a wallop like
Joe Louis. Or what is worse?she
might know a good lawyer.
Traveling has many advantages
but the scenery is never as com
pelling as it appears in travelogues.
All you are certain to acquire while
romping around the globe is an
acute case of homesickness.
Strolling in the street isn't all it's
cracked up to be. Mendicants clut
ter every block, and you risk run
ning into bores you're trying to duck.
Then there are the sadistic motor
ists who have declared war on ev
ery pedestrian.
The politleos have tipped their
mitt for 1946. . . . It's going to be
reckless racism?pitting the Poles
versus the Russians?the Irish ver
sus the British, etcetera. . . . Cut
ting up Europe's quarrels to fan up
ballots is what too many office
seekers try to peddle as "Amer
icanism." As the lady in "State of
the Union" observes: "I thought
the Poles voted in Poland!"
Faces in the Dim oat: Judge Fer
dinand Pecora, Bernard Gimbel,
John Gunther and reporters trying
to decipher the Mayor's closing
proclamation to Sherman Billings
ley at the Stork Club. "All I know,"
said the famed host, "is that this
is the first time I ever got hit by an
atomic bomb!" . . . Keenan Wynn,
just in from Movietown, getting
caught in a 59th St. spot's free-for
all. . . . Jane Wyman and her
groom, Ronald Reagan, impressing
local yocals with their pleasantries.
. . . John Steinbeck, the book-writ
er, trying out his Spanish on the
Havana-Madrid crowd. . . . Lovely
Alexis Smith elbowing her way
through the Radio City signatour
ists. . . . The Joe Cottens at the
Carnival, a gay spot. . . . August in
Duncan, who attracted sugary no
tices fof his performance as the
blind parent in "Lute Song." He is
blind.
Sallies in Our Alley: Peter Don
ald (he was among the recent White
House entertainers) told it at the
Singapore last night. Margaret
O'Brien, the moppet, asked the
President: "Was the White House
like this when America was bom?"
. . . "No," said the President. "In
those days they didn't have rich
young ladies such as you to pay
taxes." ... At Sardi's, Mrs. John
Wildberg remarked: "Money is
worthless today." . . . "Unless,"
said her producer groom, "you have
none." . . . Buddy Lester says that
with the shirt shortage?it is amaz
ing how many people are still will
ing to risk losing theirs in Wall St.
Manhattan Morals: The swan in
Central Park, which accepts food
only from males?refuses to come
near the gals. . . . The lingerie
shop on 5th, which calls its very dar
ing negligees: "indiscreations." . . .
The Lincoln, the only hotel in town
that plnys Negro orchestras. ...
The Embassy's powder room at
tendant who owns a 24-room man
sion uptown. ' i
The Fannies: Lincoln was rest
ing in a hotel lobby after a campaign
speech when some of the villagers
gathered there. One remarked:
"Mr. Lincoln, your speech was
good, but there were some points
quite beyond my reach." . . . Abe
chuckled: "I'm sorry for you; I
once had a dog that had the same
trouble with fleas I"
'Better Living Conditions' for Birds, Beasts
Is Objective of American Wildlife Institute
By WALTER A. SHEAD
WNU Washington Correspondent.
D ELIEVE it or not, there is an or
ganization in" Washington which
has no propagandist, no high-pow
ered publicity staff, and is non-profit
and non-political.
It is the American Wildlife In
stitute, formulated back in 1911 un
der the name of the American
Game Protective association and in
corporated in 1935 under its present
name, but with the same backers
and sponsors, headed by former
Senator Frederic C. Walcott of Con
necticut, "daddy" of much of the
conservation legislation which has
been enacted into law during the
past quarter of a century.
So the American Wildlife Institute
j is a non-profit, non-partisan corpo
ration, supported by the voluntary
contributions of industries, organi
zations and individuals interested in
the preservation of American wild
life and conservation of natural re
sources in all its phases.
Its objectives are three-fold: (1)
to encourage co-operation and co
ordination of effort of all groups and
Individuals interested in conserva
tion of natural resources; (2) to as
sist in finding and presenting to the
pnblie facts about wildlife and these
natural resources; and (S) to pro
vide facilities for training young
men in the latest scientific methods
of game management and conser
vation.
In carrying out these objectives
the American Wildlife Institute has
become a central co-ordinating
agency in liaison and co-operation
with and between such organizations
as the Izaak Walton League, the
American Forest association, the
Audubon society. Zoological and
Biological Associations, State De
partments of Conservation, Land
Grant Colleges and Universities, the
U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and
the Conservation Division of the de
partment of agriculture.
Work on Broad Front.
It spends its money to obtain
these objectives by the publication
of books and technical pamphlets
at no profit, for the benefit of all
phases of conservation; by spon
soring and financing the annual
North American Wildlife conference;
After an absence of more than M
rears Atlantic salmon hare re
turned to spawning grounds in four
Maine rivers, after American Wild
life Institute had cleaned oat the
Maine rivers rained as spawning
grounds br the lumber Industry.
by the establishment of chairs and
schools of wildlife conservation in
collegea and universities for training
young men in every phase of natural
resources, for technical research and
in methods of game management
and conservation; by conducting re
search Itself and in cooperation
with other organizations in wildlife
and land management and use,
stream pollution, and by bring
ing about better co-ordination and
co-operation between groups and in
dividuals engaged in the production,
administration and use of natural
resources.
For several years the American
Wildlife Institute has financed the
research into migratory fowl at the
Delta duck station in Manitoba,
Canada, in conjunction with the
University of Wisconsin and Michi
gan State college, with James F.
Bell, famous authority on migratory
fowl, as superintendent of the proj
ect. In 1943, Ducks Unlimited be
came a co-operator. This scientific
study of migratory ducks and geese
has to do mostly with these wild
fowl on their breeding grounds. Oth
er studies of the birds in their mi
gration serosa the United States he*
Research, training of young men for administration in game man
agement and conservation, and scientific experiment for the conservation
of ail our natural resources are objectives of the American Wildlife
Institute.
led to the undertaking of an ambi
tious scientific research project of
what happens to migratory birds
when they reach Mexico and other
Central American countries where
they winter.
So for two years this study has
been going on, largely financed by
American Wildlife Institute, but con
ducted by the Pan American Union,
an international organization com
posed of representatives of the Cen
tral and South American Republics.
In its zeal to train young men in
scientific knowledge in all phases
of conservation, the Wildlife Insti
tute has fostered and helped finance
schools for this purpose at the land
grant state universities in Alabama,
Iowa, Maine, Missouri, Ohio, Oregon,
Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah and Vir
ginia, while, through the Influence of
the institute, schools also have been
established at Purdue university in
Indiana and in New York.
Quarter Million to Schools.
The institute has expended ap
proximately $230,000 in the estab
lishment and maintenance of these
schools. In so doing, it operates
through the U. S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, the State Departments of
Conservation of Wildlife and the
universities. Approximately 500
trained men are now engaged in
various phases of wildlife conser
vation and land use. Many are hold
ing important government and state
Jobs in forestry, wildlife ? manage
ment, with zoological and biologi
cal gardens and organizations.
Another instance of conservation
fostered and largely financed by the
institute was the restoration of the
salmon fishing industry on the At
lantic coast. Fifty years or so ago,
Atlantic salmon disappeared from
Maine due to the destruction of
spawning grounds in the Maine
fresh water rivers by the lumber
industry. Sawdust coated the bot
toms of streams and tannic acid
from the sawdust polluted the water
to such an extent the salmon were
killed off and a flourishing industry
died.
In 1640 a fellowship was estab
lished in the University of Maine
for the purpose of studying the pos
sibilities of restoring the Atlantic
salmon to the important streams
in the Northeast. Through these
studies and co-operation with the
institute, a method so easy and in
expensive was devised, that the
sponsors are amazed at the results.
Huge "egg beaters" were attached
to small boats sent into the Ma
chias, the Dennys, the Narraguagus
and the Penobscot rivers. These
egg beaters, operating in the spring
of the year at high water, churned
up the beds of these rivers so thor
oughly that the sawdust caking was
washed out and into the sea. Then
millions of salmon eggs were
brought down from New Brunswick
and installed in troughs for hatch
ing in the rivers. This spring saw
the first return of the Atlantic salmon
for spawning and they swarmed
back into these four Maine rivers
by the millions.
The American Wildlife Institnte is
particularly interested in land ass
on the theory that if land and water
am ntflised properly wo win a ste
rna tloally have wildlife. Chalon
of the lasttMo, whs eeenptos a msZ
est office in a downtown Washington
building, declares, "we can't hare
wildlife without the eo-operatiaa ef
fanners."
"Most certainly," the Hoesler
trained secretary said, "we can't
take good farm land, and by the
same token, farmers shonld net at
tempt to farm land fit only far re
forestation or as cover for wild
life."
Thousands ef acres sf land in this
coon try have been stolen from lie
natural state and thousands span
thousands ef dollars of public money
has been spent In the vain attempt
to make farm land ant ef snbmar
ginal and other land fit only far
its natural state.
One such area, it is pointed out,
was the Kankakee marshes in
northern Indiana and Tllmnis The
two states and the federal govern
ment spent many thousands of dol
lars in the attempt to convert these
thousands of aCTes of marshes ipto
farm land. When it was found
the land would not raise crops, aft
er decades of frustration, the- land
is now being allowed to return to
its natural state. And during the
past few years, the financial return
from the recreational and other fea
tures of this natural wildlife habi
tat each year has been more than
was realized by farmers in all the
years cultivation was attempted.
Another such area is the so-called
grand flats in Wisconsin, an area
thousands of acres in extent where
a few years ago nothing but aban
doned homes were seen for miles,
and much of which is now being al
lowed to return to its natural state.
Grow Cover Where Possible.
Mr. Gutermuth believes that ev
ery farmer can correlate his land
into the two schools, natural and
agricultural. For in stance, along
the woods lot on almost every farm
there is SO or more feet which win
barely raise a crop. This land could
be permitted to grow into cover.
The banks of ditches and streams
would, within a few years, become
a natural habitat tat wildlife ii
permitted to grow into a natural
state. And reforestation of some
land, suitable for that purpose, will
not only reap a rich harvest for
farmers in the way of lumber and
wood, but will also provide nat
ural cover for wildlife.
The American Wildlife Institute la
also vitally interested in proper land
use of rolling land, in erosion and
in contour plowing and cultlvatkm
to retain the rich top soil and the
natural wealth of farm land. It has
aided in much research in this
phase of conservation.
The North American Wildlife
conference staged each year by the
institute is the forum where tech
nical men in all branches of con
servation meet and exchange in
formation and where results of the
year's research are made public to
teachers, professors, laboratory!
technicians, administrators and su
pervisors and to the general public.
Approximately 1,000 delegates
from every state, Mexico, Canada,
England and France are expected
to attend this year's conference at
the Hotel Pennsylvania in Neva
York. The general theme will bs
"The Place of Wildlife in a Chang
tag World." _ M