^ . - ? , . IMI >t|
THE ALAMANCE GLEANER 1
VOL. LXXII . GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, MAY 16, 1946 No. IB
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
Arabs Blast Plan for Jewish
Entry in Holy Land; Rail Unions
Threaten Strike for Wage Hike
Released by Western Newspaper Union.
<Fl>lTOR*8 NOTE: When opinions are expressed In these eelautis, they are those ?f
(Western Newspaper Union's news analysts and net necessarily el this newspaper.)
Dramatic photo panel pictures execution of Andor Jarosx, former
Hungarian minister of interior and nasi collaborator, for war crimes.
No. 1 shows Jarosz trussed to post; No. 2, firing squad shooting, and
No. 3, Jarosz grimacing with pain as slugs tore through body.
PALESTINE:
* Hit Entropion
Arab reaction to the recom
mendation of the Anglo-American
committee of inquiry on Palestine
that 100,000 European Jews be ad
mitted into the Holy Land immedi
ately was strong and bitter, with
leaders warning of strife and a
swing toward Russia in the mid
dle east.
In branding the committee's plan
as a betrayal of Arab rights, Arab
leaders vowed they would resist its
implementation and warned that
repercussions might be heard
throughout the entire middle-east
ern Arab world with its 33 million
people. Because the western powers
showed a disposition to ignore the
centuries-old dominant Arab popu
lation and culture of Palestine, they
said, they might be compelled to
turn to Russia for recognition.
To be acted upon by the Ameri
can and British governments be
fore its implementation, the com
mittee's plan called for the imme
diate admission of 100,000 Jews to
Palestine and a relaxation of bar
riers in other countries to accom
modate some of the victims of perse
cution in Europe.
Neither Jew nor Arab are to
dominate Palestine, with inter
ests of the Christian as well as
Moslem and Jewish faiths pro
tected. Restrictions on land
transfers would be removed
and replaced by freedom in the
sale, lease or nse of land, irre
spective of race, community or
creed.
Pending the creation of a United
Nations trusteeship to rule the coun
try, the present British mandate
government would be retained to
preserve order and prevent an Arab
or Jewish movement for domina
tion.
FOREIGN MINISTERS:
Discuss Reich
Pushed by the U. S. to permit
Germany to return to a self-sup
porting basis and aid in the revival
of the war-shattered European
economy, Big Four talks on the
postwar status of the Reich headed
up the foreign ministers' meeting
in Paris.
Though the conference originally
was called to speed up formulation
of peace treaties with Italy and oth
er former German satellites, the
pressing need for early reconstruc
tion of the continent led to consid
eration of the problem of the Reich.
Seeking to reassure Russian fears
of a revived Germany, the U. S.
proposed a four-power control plan
for Germany to cover 25 years and
guard against rearmament.
Joining with the U. S. in consid
eration of a unified Reich confined
to non-military production, British
leaders declared that division of
Germany would encourage rede
velopment of another nationalist
movement. Advocating retention of
the industrial Ruhr and Rhineland
in the Reich to help bolster its
economy, they proposed British con
trol oarer these vital areas until a
four-power commission could be set
up for permanent supervision.
LABOR:
Strike Threats
With the coal strike reducing in
dustrial operations and necessitat
? ing fuel conservation in metropoli
tan areas, the threat of a railroad
walkout loomed as another menace
to the nation's productivity.
Following the collapse of negoti
ations between the carriers and
the Brotherhood of Locomotive En
gineers and Brotherhood of Rail
road Trainmen, union heads an
nounced strike plans unless the
companies resumed parleys over
their demands to negotiate the dif
ference between the 16 cents an
hour wage increase awarded by a
Presidential fact-finding board and
the 25 per cent boost they seek.
Declaring that in some instances,
the increase awarded would amount
to 13 cents an hour and in others
18 cents, the union heads said they
would insist upon the adoption of
their demands regardless of who
runs the railroads, thus indicating
they might balk at government op
eration.
Meanwhile, federal conciliators
worked feverishly in an attempt to
break the soft coal deadlock, with
the government taking cognizance
of the dwindling fuel supply already
resulting in reduced industrial op
erations by ordering railroads to
cut passenger service on coal burn
ing trains by 25 per cent and em
bargoing all freight shipments save
> for essential commodities. >
Jap Women Hot Politicos
Although they have just come
into their own in Japanese politics,
Nipponese women already are tak
ing their electoral responsibilities
with fervor.
Following Mrs. Hatsu Imai's res
ignation from parliament after her
recent election, four of her fem
inine co-legislators lit into her for
quitting because of the press of her
i domestic duties.
"A betrayal of the electorate,"
cried Haru Wazaki, an independent
I from Akita.
"Weak will," snorted Tsuko
Yamashita, independent from Ku
manoto.
"If she had to quit because of
feudalistic expressions around her,
; I think she should fight against
them," averred Shizue Kato, social
democrat from Tokyo. "Destruction
, of the traditional family system is
the key to women's development."
MEAT:
Test Control
With Secretary of Agriculture
Anderson calling for the removal
of price control on meat if govern
ment regulations fail to provide
major packers with a sufficient run
of stock in the next 90 days, observ
ers waited to see how effective re
imposition of slaughter quotas and
a revigorated attack upon the black
market would be in remedying
short supplies.
Declaring that the big companies
could not obtain enough cattle at
ceiling prices because smaller oper
ators have bid up the market for
available stock, Anderson said the
government was giving meat con
trol its final test. Though packers
were convinced slaughter quotas
would not furnish sufficient relief,
Anderson said they had proven ef
fective before, and along with a
tighter clamp on the black market
might route adequate supplies to
established companies.
In discussing the meat situation
with Anderson during hearings of
the senate banking committee on
extension of OPA, Senator Barkley
(Dem., Ky.) declared that a re
liable stockman stated that while
he normally slaughtered 7,000 bead
a week be can now get but 500.
Anderson replied the case was typ
ical at the industry as a whole.
WEATHER:
Long-Range Change
Having experienced ? 90-year
cycle of warmer weather, the U. S.
next may undergo a period of pro
gressively lower temperatures,
studies of J. B. Kinger of the
weather bureau indicate.
Bringing his charts up to date,
Kinger, former chief of the bureau's
division of climate and crop weath
er, found that the 50-year trend to
ward balmier weather was re
versed about five years ago and a
continued dip in the temperature
would bring a return to the shiv
ery winters of grandpa's days.
Because a trend is established
upop mean temperatures over an
extended period, evidences of a
cycle of colder weather does not
mean that it will freeze this sum
mer or next year's snow storms
will be worse than last, the bureau
pointed out. Further, another 5 or
10 years may be needed to ascer
tain a definite reversal in atmos
pheric conditions, it was said.
MOTHERS:
Pick No. 1
Seventy-one year old Mrs. Emma
Clarissa Clement of Louisville, Ky.,
became the first Negress to be
named the American mother of the
year by the Golden Rule foundation
in winning the honor in 1946.
Herself an alumnus of Livingston
college, Salisbury, N. C., Mrs.
Clement is the mother of seven col
lege graduates. One son is president
of Atlanta university. Atlanta. Ga.,
two others are professors, and a
fourth is an army chaplain. She is
the widow of a former bishop of
the African Methodist Episcopal
Zion church in Louisville.
Long active in civic affairs, Mrs.
Clement is a former national presi
dent of the women's society of the
African Methodist church; a char
ter member of the South Commis
sion of Inter-racial Co-operation;
secretary of the Negro section of
the Kentucky division of the Ameri
can Field Army cancer society, #nd
statistician of the Kentucky Feder
ation of Women's clubs.
PHILIPPINES:
Friendly Chief
Election oi 04-year-oia Manuel
Roxas as president of the Philip
pines portenaeo
continued good
friendship between
the islands and the
U. S. since the fiery
new chieftain has
repeatedly advo
cated close politi
cal and economic
ties between the
two peoples.
Though a prom
inent leader in the
Philippine nation
nlict m nvpmant R ntr:
Manuel Roxaa
a o nortoH with
the radical element of the Nacion
alista party in 1933 in agreeing to
a U. S. proposal for independ
ence after a 10-year preparation pe
riod. He stands for friendly trade
relations with the U. S. and unlim
ited investment of American capi
tal. Upon his election, be pledged
to co-operate with both the U. S.
and United Nations in developing
foreign policy in the far east.
Throughout the bitter election,
which pitted Roxas against the in
cumbent Sergio Osmena, the new
president was charged with having
collaborated with the Japanese dur
ing the occupation. He replied that
he accepted membership in the
puppet cabinet to further under
ground activities and served as ad
viser to the corn agency in 1943 to
avert widespread starvation in the
islands.
MAY DAY:
World Fete
The workers' holiday most of the
world over. May Day was cele
brated by huge throngs in Russia,
Japan and Germany this year, with
lesser manifestations in other coun
tries.
Standing above Lenin's tomb in
Red Square, Marshall Stalin re
viewed Russia's armed might and
watched a procession of workers
hopped up with the vigorous order
of the day: "Returning to peaceful
work, we must constantly be alert,
look after the armed forces and de
fenses of our country." Atomic sci
entists marched in the parade.
No less than 400,000 Japanese
gathered in front of the Imperial
palace in Tokyo, waving red ban
ners, singing and listening to har
angues on workers' rights. In Osaka,
90,000 Nipponese convened to de
mand minimum wages based en liv
ing costs, increased food rations,
participation in management and
creation of a Democratic Peo
ple's front.
With Allied representatives look
ing down from a platform on the
site of the shattered Protestant
cathedral, 290,000 Berliner* attuned
their ears to spellbinders calling for
solidarity in the class struggle of the
working man and topped the cele
bration with the "Internationale.'"
news/j|\
By PaulMallon^^
RduMd by WMtcrn Nmgtpar Union.
ARMY-NAVY UNIFICATION
SHOULD START AT ONCE
WASHINGTON. - Mr. Truman
made the proper move to get his
army-navy unification bill through
congress. ? The navy had performed
an all-out lobbying job against the
program. It was in charge of Navy
Assistant Secretary H. Struve Hen
sel, who worked through the Navy
League promoting speeches and
articles by admirals, and arousing
naval affairs committeemen in both
houses. If Mr. Truman succeeds
in stopping navy agitation, he will
get his bill through because there
is no other opposition, except that
which may be continued by the
naval committeemen who fear they
may lose their seniority standing in
their committee jobs. But the bill
is not on the program for this sea
CI on TVin nnlnn^B* '
is already crowded for the next
several months, and the leaders are i
planning a summer recess to let
the legislators go home and mend i
their broken fences in preparation i
for their re-election campaigns.
The navy never had much of a
case. No one can oppose unification
as a theory. Appalling duplications
of army and navy services filled
the committee record of hearings.
Army and navy competed with each
other in bidding for such things as
clothing, for example. In that line,
one service might have n surplus
of some items while the other had
a deficiency.
In negotiating their separate con
tracts, they were actively compet
ing against each other. Then again
on small islands like Guam, there
would be a naval hospital construct
ed and maintained a mile away
from an army hospital. It was
shown also that in armament the
navy and army encountered need
less conflict. Furthermore, the
building of separate airports around
the world caused duplication waste
in many instances.
NAVAL DELATING ACTION
In the face of such overwhelming
evidence, the navy centered its
campaign largely upon delaying ac
tion by congress. Its basic fear and
claim was that the navy was to be
put under the army by unification
?which simply is not true. The
Thomas subcommttee has report
ed now a bill which proposes to set
up the unification this way: A sin
gle secretary of common defense in
the cabinet, with three secretaries
under him, one each for army, air
and navy; then an over-all chief of
staff (with a recommendation that
the President rotate thi? nfflee Ka.
tween the three services, giving it
to army for a year, then to air and
then to navy), three assistant sec
retaries representing each branch
of the service, and finally legaliza- '
tion of the joint chiefs of staff set
up during the war to provide co
operation in strategy between the
services.
This setup preserves the navy as !
Just as much an independent unit
as the army or the air forces. It
does not put the navy under the 1
army. But it is true the army, '
numerically, is stronger, and may 1
wield a greater influence in the 1
combined department than the ad
mirals or air arm, despite the legal I
I equality of each branch. I
Delay in enacting the program <
until next year will greatly impede i
! efficiency in national defense. Even I
if the legislation could be enacted
today, at least a year or more i
would be required to work out and
effect the vast details of reorganiza
! tion. I
? ? ?
While the Soviet seems to be
leisurely withdrawing its military
army from Iran, it is leaving be
hind a political army which has an
excellent chance at absorbing the
country, as Britain and the U. S.
have no armies on the ground, mili
tary or political.
Next possible Russian move may
be to cut the nearest slice of Turkey
already defined in the official Mos
cow Journals. This is a thin slice
running about 200 miles westward
in length along the Black sea with
a depth of 75 to 100 miles inland.
The Turks could not stop such a
move without naval assistance from
the British or U. S. Their frontier
armies could easily be by-passed
by Russian amphibious landings in
their rear.
A late grapevine report to trust
worthy authorities here indicates
Russia is in no condition to try this,
or any other major venture. Her
casualty list from the war has not
yet been published and no one
knows bow many she lost. t
i ?^????i?pi|P3
Colorado Gets Wheat Kins for
Fourth Time in Last 5 Years1
+>
By W. J. DRYDEN
WHO Fin E4iMr.
While a new United States Wheat King has been crowned, the
state of Colorado still retains its place as the home of quality
wheat. For the fourth time in five years, the Pillsbury award
has been given to a wheat producer of Colorado.
uuiuci r. uivens, u, ?>ierung,?
Uolo., walked off with first honors
it the wheat contest held recently
it Chicago. His entry was Wichita
wheat, a strain developed at the
igricultural experiment station.
University of Colorado. The Wichita
wheat entered in the contest by Giv
sns was of the hard red winter va
riety which had a test weight of
(4.8 pounds. The standard weight
>f a bushel of wheat is 60 pounds.
The contest, held under the direc
tion of the International Crop Im
irovement association and the vari
ous state agricultural experiment
itations and colleges, had for its
judges Prof. R. F. Crim, Univer
sity of Minnesota; Prof. J. C. Hack
eman, University of Illinois; and
Prof. A. L. Clapp, Kansas State
agriculture college. Prof. K. E.
Beeson of Purdue university repre
lented the co-operating organiza
tions.
Givens operates an 80-acre farm,
raises hay, sugar beets, Hereford
cattle and hogs. His wife, Lena,
raises chickens. They have no chil
Iren. Both are equestrians, having
3ne saddle horses, and are leaders
in a Sterling saddle club. Some IS
acres of the farm was devoted to
the development of the Wichita
strain of wheat.
Second place in the national con
test went to R. E. Condon, Platte
ville, Colo., with hard red spring
wheat with a test weight of 64.5
pounds per bushel, winning the na
tional reserve award.
Other winners include D. F. Sak
uth, Yuba City, Calif., for raising
the best hard white wheat; Ralph
Osbom, Culver, Ind., for best spring
red wheat; Appleton Brothers, Can
andaigua, N. Y., best soft white
wheat; and William Frazen, Uapes,
N. D.
The contest was established in
1941. Since that time Colorado
wheat has four times taken the na
tional honors, while Montana grain
once has scored first. Former Colo
rado winners were George Hof
mann, IlilT; Leo Lindstrom, Ster
ling; and Jesse Powers, Henderson.
The Montana winner was L. E.
Peterson, Victoria, the winner in
1941. #
WHEAT KINO . . . of the United SUtes. Lather F. Glvens is shown
holdinf s sheaf of Wiehlta wheat with a sample of the threshed
(rain nearby. The trophy he won in the competition is also shown.
The winning wheat was produced on his tt-acre farm southeast of
Sterling, Logan county, Colorado.
Some Surplus Goods
And Land Available
To Farmers of U. S.
WASHINGTON.?War Assets cor
poration, new agency handling tur
plus war property, hai announced
there will be no ftrictly agricultural
equipment declared surplus, al
inougn cerum lypw ui equipment
such as tractors and trucks may
be converted to farm use.
The corporation has made plans
to establish a small organization
within the department of agricul
ture to handle surplus goods which
may interest the farmer.
Here are some facts which may
Interest fanners. At latest eoant
there were still some 7l,Mt seres
af surplus farm land out el aa origi
nal lM.OOt acres, for sate; there
Is no barb wire, the demand exceed
ing the supply by about 13 to 1;
there is a hemp and flax mill for
merly operated by CCC at Hartford.
Wis., for sale; a large quantity of
telephone and telegraph material Is
being offered and Is at depots of
D. 8. signal corps In Chicago; Lex
ington. Ky.; Ogden, Utah; Atlan
ta, Gs.; and Belhnead, N. J.
Born and Lived 71
Years on Same Farm
FAIRMONT, MINN. - When the
Fairmont Daily Sentinel got to won
dering who had lived the longest
time on the same farm In this lo
cality, Mrs. E. O. Swanson of Dun
nel) did a little investigating and
discovered that:
Ellsworth Ziemer still lives on the
Lake Fremont farm where he was
born in 1893; C. L. Peterson still
farms the place where he was born
in 1890; but top honors go to F. S.
E. Carlson, who was born Decem
ber, 1874, on a farm near Dunne0,
and still lives there with his wife
and son, making over 71 years en
the same farm.
Champ Patata Grawer
HARRISBURG, PA?By produc
ing 656 bushels of potatoes on a '
measured acre, Mervin Hanes of
Stewards town became Pennsyl
vania's champion potato grower for
1945.
The award was made to Hanes
by the growers' co-operative at a
dinner held for him in Harris
burg.
RUNNER-CP . . . far title tt
"wheat kinj" went to R. E. Caw
don, Platteville, Cato. This la the
second year since 1M1 that a Col
orado train grower wan the na
tional reserve award. His hard
red spring wheat msighed U
poods per baahel mare than the
standard weight at wheat.
Indian Fighter
Dies at Tulsa;
His Age, 105
TULSA, OKLA.?During his file,
six wars were fought. He knew per
sonally such historical characters an
General Custer, Geronimo, the In
dian Apache chief, and Jease James,
the outlaw. He recently died hern
at the age of 105.
William Franklin Knight, who ob
served his 105th birthday last Feb
ruary 17, was born on a steamboat
at Louisiana, Mo. He went to Tex
as in 1858 as an advance guard far
stage coaches. Later he rode far
the Wells-Fargo express from St.
Louis west.
He was wounded four times by
bullets and once when Comanche
Indians pierced his neck with ar
rows. In September, 1870, after the
Comanches had burned telegraph
wires between the two cities. Knight
rode from Fort Worth to El Paso,
carrying government messages. He
used 33 horses on the trip and slept
only two hours during the five days
it took.
In the early seventies, when buf
falo roamed the southwest plaiiis
country, Knight shipped as many as
10,000 buffalo hides at one time to
eastern markets.
Knight moved to Tulsa in 1918 and
was employed by a local transfer
company. He worked until he was
99 years of age before retiring. He
kept house for himself until forced
to enter a convalescent home be
cause of infirmities. No immediate
relatives have been located.
One-Third of U. S. Population
Has Mo Access to Libraries
WASHINGTON. ? Two solons have stated that almost one
third of the people of the United States, or "more than 35,000,000
persons, nearly all of them in rural areas, have no access to
libraries."
Because ol that situation, thee
lawmakers, Sen. Lister Hill of Ala
bama and Rep. Emily Taft Doug
las of Illinois, have Introduced iden
tical bills simultaneously in the
house and senate calling for annual
federal grants of 125,000 to each
state for use of state library asso
ciations in rural areas.
The hill also empowers states to
provide additional funds up to a
maximum of 330,000 annually for
such work, which the federal gov
ernment would match.
While no federal control or ad
ministration is involved, annual re
ports would be called for and states
would qualify for funds by prepar
ing plans and submitting them to
the United States commissioner at
education.
The statistics show there are 588
counties without any public library
service. The greatest number, ISO
counties, are in Texas. Kentucky
is second with 63 counties with no
library, and Louisiana and Miasis
sippl are third, with 35 counties
each.
In only 11 states does every coun
ty have a public library. They are
Connecticut, Delaware, Iowa, If sine,
Massachusetts, New Hampshire,
New Jersey, New York, Oregon,
Rhode Island and Vermont
Osagt Bnnrlwra to
Hold Moot to Jim
PAWHUSKA. OKLA?The 10th
annual convention of the Osage Cat
tlemen's association, an eves*
known throughout the Southwest,
has been scheduled for June SI and
22, it has been announced by Gart
ner Drum mood, president of the a?
sociation.
Held in the heart of a famous
blue grass pasture land, the meeting
will feature a barbecue and a cow
boy dance. This year a large at
tendance la expected when cattle
men from several surrounding
states trill hear experts an modem
ranching methods.
There is one fly in the ointment,
however, and President Drummond'
is scratching his head for an aw
swer. With a much larger at
tendance than ever before expected,
finding sufficient accommodation*
is developing into a major problem.
The hospitality of this community'
has never tailed in the past, mam
Drummond is banking on the neigb
borlineas of Pawhuska mora thaw
ever, ha admits. Anyway, cattisraan
can bunk most any place K they
have to, Drummond states. i
: ^