Newspapers / The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, … / May 23, 1946, edition 1 / Page 1
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? ? jp THE ALAMANCE GLEANER 5 L II VOL. LXXII GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, MAY 23, 1946 No. 16 WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Costly Coal Strike Crimps U.S.; Plan Further Feed Reductions To Conserve Grain for Food Released by Western Newspaper Union. (EDITOR S NOTE: When eniaieas are expressed la these eelsmes, they are these ef (Western Newspaper Unienrs news analysts and net necessarily ef this newspaper.) Ill-fed and ill-clad, people in Italy clamber atop army track as it arrives at dump and seek to salvage scraps of food, discarded cloth ing, cigarette butts and even cardboard boxes. Men, women and children climb np even before G.I.S can onload refuse. COAL STRIKE: Costly Walkout Though John L. Lewis ordered his United Mine Workers back to the pits under a two-week truce to re lieve the critically low supply of fuel, the 1946 coal strike promises to be long remembered as one of the most costly in history, with th necessity for curbing fuel con sumption resulting in serious re strictions on public utilities, indus try and transport. Lewis acted as the widespread ef fects of the walkout on the nation's economy led Senator Eastland (Dem., Miss.) to rise to his feet in the upper chamber to tell his col leagues that as a result of limit ing freight movements to essential -commodities . . the shipment of embalming fluid has been embar goed and we can't bury the dead." Most spectacular figure in the strike, of course, was the burly, beetle - browed Lewis, United Mine Worker chieftain, who held out for the operators' consideration of his proposal for a health and welfare fund. Holding fast in face of mount ing public opposition and sena torial fury, Lewis received the backing of the American Fed eration of Labor, to which his UMW is affiliated. John L.'s acceptance of a truce to discuss the No. 1 issue of a health and welfare fund came after dwindling fuel supplies had led the government to urge coal-burning utilities east of the Mississippi and in Iowa, Minnesota and Missouri to follow Chicago's example in reduc ing power consumption. With industrial enterprises llmHMl in 9A hnnrc it#p wppk use of coal-burning power and stores and movies opened only several hours per day, Chicago, III., remained one of the hard est hit of all the municipali ties. Reduction in passenger service and limiting of freight shipments to essential com modities, however, served to bring borne the strike to all sections of the country. CONGRESS: Busy Solons With the coal strike crippling the economy, U. S. senators moved to take up restrictive labor legislation in the face of public concern over the prolonged walkout even as they were engaged in heated debate over passage of the $3,750,000,000 loan to Great Britain. Though Democratic Majority Leader Barkley sought to sidetrack consideration of labor measures while feeling over the coal strike flared at white heat, administration foroes were compelled to surrender to congressional pressure for action. Ordinarily pro-labor, Senator Lucas (Dem., 111.) led the flght for legis lation which would give the Presi dent power to assure continued oper ation of essential industries in event of union disputes. Passage of the $3,750,000,000 Brit ish loan was assured with the re sounding defeat of amendments which would have limited the size of the advance, provided for expendi ture of 00 per cent of the funds in the U. S.. and extension of interest free, unsecured loans to veterans. The solons also rejected the argu ment of Senator Johnson (Dem., Colo.) that since the bill contem plated the raising ot money for the loan only the boose, which directly represents the people through indi vidual districts, had the constitu tional power to originate such legis lation. Pressed by the labor and loan legislation, the senate voted (or temporary extension of the draft until the decks are cleared for full consideration of the question. GRAIN: Seek Feed Cut Following the increase in the price of corn, wheat, oats, barley and rye, government officials con templated a reduction in the ceiBngs on heavy hogs and a cut in fall breeding as further steps in the con servation program designed to make more grain available for food. While initiation of the new price program resulted in cancellation of the 30 cents per bushel bonus pay ment on corn, a similar premium, plus the higher price, was retained on wheat, which is most vitally needed for foreign relief. As a re sult of the price changes, corn was boosted 25 cents a bushel, wheat 15 cents, rye 10 cents, barley 9 cents and oats 5 cents. With grain sales being made more profitable than livestock feeding, liquidation of hogs, cattle and poul try was expected to result in in creased supplies in the immediate future but less meat later. Even with reduced livestock production growing out of the new price pro gram and the other contemplated government measures, the total sup ply of meat, eggs and poultry will be above prewar levels, it was said. Food Prospects Though farm production remains high, heavy domestic demand and relief needs abroad will out-balance supply, the bureau of agricultural economics reported. Indicative of continued large output, farm income for 1946 is expected to approach last year's record of nearly 21 billion dol lars. The bureau provided this picture of the 1946 food situation: ? Livestock and meat production will continue close to the 1945 level but (all short of demand, with prices of animals pressing against ceilings. ? Dairy products will remain be low demand throughout the year, with butter supplies short even dur ing the Bush season of milk produc tion from May to August. ? Poultry and eggs will be in plenti ful supply through most of the year, with scarcities developing in the last three months of 1946. Prices may be moderately lower. ? Fats and vegetable oils may not be in sufficient domestic supply be cause of large export requirements of lard, shortening and edible oils. LEND-LEASE: Make Returns Over 10 Allied nations have re turned approximately one-quarter billion dollars of lend-lease goods thus tar and Turkey has become the first country to settle its lend lease account in full, the foreign liquidation commission revealed. Of the total returned by Belgium, Brazil, the British empire, China, Egypt, France, the Netherlands, Russia and Yugoq^via, $796,000 worth was reissued to foreign gov ernments under the lend-lease pro gram and $097,000 was sold as sur plus. The first country to settle its lend lease obligations in full, Turkey agreed to pay the If. S. $4^00,000 within 10 days. BASEBALL: : Fight Pasquels At first laughed off by the power ful major league magnates, the Mexican baseball league finally has been taken seriously with the New York Yankees and Brooklyn Dodgers seeking permanent court injunctions against the Pasquel brothers' solicitations of topnotch American performers to play south of the border. Both the Yankees and Dodgers ? have received temporary injunc tions against the gay grandees' at tempts to get U. S. stars to break their American contracts for lucra tive Mexican league offers. Grant ing of permanent restraining or ders against Pasquel's agents in this country would seriously crimp their efforts to lure U. S. talent south ward. In going after the Pasquels, Branch Rickey, president of the Dodgers, sadly proclaimed: "... I consider the Pasquel league a tem porary nuisance rather than a per manent threat. It is economically un sound. However, this year it could cause irreparable damage to a pen nant contender. ..." RAILROADS: Want Higher Rates Railroad spokesmen pressed for a 25 per cent freight rate increase to cover higher wages and operating costs in hearings before the Inter state Commerce commission in Washington, D. C-, while shippers called for a thorough examination of the whole tariff structure before determination of permanent sched ules. Declaring wages have increased $1,300,000,000 since 1941 and the car riers will pay $500,000,000 more for supplies, materials and fuel. Dr. Julius H. Parmelee, railroad econo mist, averred that the operators will suffer a $345,000,000 deficit this year at present rates. Meeting in Chicago, the National Industrial Traffic league, represent ing 300,000 shippers, cautioned that higher tariffs may be disastrous to individual industries or discrimina tory against them. Asking the ICC to deny the carriers' petition for im mediate raises, the organization de clared any hearing should provide opportunity for a fair development and examination of facts to de termine results. Eats Meal From Dump Seated In the boose restaorant ' in Washington, D. C., Representa tive Nofhiad (Rep., Ore.) munched on canned meat and cranberry saoee and drank lemon juice which he said the navy had dumped a* garbage in Astoria, Ore. While none of his colleagues or newsmen had the stomach to join him In his repast, Norblad said friends of his had also eaten the food without ill effects and some Astorians had done a brisk business selling some of the discarded fare to restau rants. On the spot, navy officials de clared that the food had been thrown away after some personnel had contracted dysentery after eat ing it. MURDER: Town Agog If traveling through Texarkana, Texas, one would have seen porch lights burning all night, twinkling bulbs hung out in back yards, watchdogs all over town, and the streets deserted. Further, one would have found residents ready to pull a deadly trigger with any false move. All Texarkana was on the alert against the phantom killer who had slain two couples at night and killed one and wounded another of a pair. Four of the victims were young couples and the two others were eld erly married people who had been fired upon through the window of their farm home. All were shot in the head. While the authorities told Texar kanans to keep their guns at their side and shoot to kill if assaulted, the famed Texas rangers, state highway patrolmen, sheriff's depu ties, city policemen and the FBI threw out a dragnet for the mur derer. They were joined by thou sands of amateur detectives fat the search. News^. By PaULMm^^^P RdatHd by Western Nawaplpcr Unlam. ;iO LEADERS MANEUVER 10 OUST COMMUNISTS WASHINGTON. ? The epochal novement within left wing labor to hake off the Communists is being luietly helped by the White House. Vhat is behind it can now be set orth as follows: Since Mr. Byrnes firmed his back igainst further Russian encroach nents in world aSairs, the more adical CIO-PAC crowd has been irousing criticism against President rruman and the administration . . . ir was until lately. Statements and peeches from the southpaw people ook the Moscow line on pending nternational issues, adhering to the lame technique as when a union ticketed the White House to call dr. Roosevelt a war monger for lelping Britain before Russia was nvaded, and more recently when he state department was picketed ly a union urging ouster of Mr. Byrnes for opposing Russia. The latest rousing of criticism got inder Mr. Truman's skin, as well is some very big union labor hide. Important labor leadership imme iiately became involved in an in ternal conflict, the ramifications of which have not yet been disclosed. The CIO-PAC director, Sidney Hill man, nas Deen conspicuously laying low, while some unions in CIO have been taking steps to revise their constitutions to bar Communists from office and membership. Hill man has close relations with the American Labor party in New York, for whom the Communists have been the most active doorbell ringers and vote-fixers. Apparently this element of labor hates to lose its Communist schemers with an election campaign in the offing. MURRAY 'TIRED OF IT' But CIO Pres. Phil Murray Is re ported getting tired of Communist use by CIO-PAC, or what might more accurately be called Russian use of them for international policy purposes. Some labor authorities report him cool toward Hillman, suggest Hillman may be replaced as head of CIO-PAC or predict a showdown between Murray and Hillman. Regardless of these reports, any level eye can plainly see Mr. Hill man is caught in an enigmatic whirlwind. If he lets the Com munists go, he may lose his organ ization; if he keepq them, the or ganization may crack. I would not be surprised if the White House aided in the cracking, strange as this may sound. Latest appointments of an undersecretary and three assistants in the labor department went the AFL way. CIO has one labor undersecretary and is pressuring Truman through him. The latest appointments, however, have been followed by reports that A r L, no longer lnienas 10 spin ea rn inist ration patronage with CIO on an equal basis, but will see what It can get for itself. Then AFL Is going Into the south to organize unions on the greatest scope of opposition it has yet pre sented. CIO plans in the south are supposed to call for 200 experienced organizers working under leader ship of the Textile Workers union, men who have been trained In the Hillman school of action. In com-, petition with this activity, AFL is planning an even greater organiz ing campaign in the south, and the catch-all district 50 of John L. Lewis has marked out an anti-CIO organ izing campaign to get in all the loose unions otherwise unclassi flable in AFL. INTENSE RIVALRY COMING Thus an intense organizational rivalry is springing up wkich may reach its bitterest proportions in the fields of textiles, telephones, chem icals and plastics. I say these are apt to be the sharpest fields be cause few observers expect the rivalry in the south to be of great industrial consequence. In the first place, there is not much industry in the south which is not already organized one way or another. The field there at least is limited by comparison with the greater in dustrial sections of the country. Southern organizing, especially the ; CIO-PAC kind, is apt to cover politi cal activity (ousting of southern congressmen and senators who have ' resisted labor legislation) rather than develop any great new num bers for the unions. Out of this high pressured situ ation, observers are commonly pre dicting a new wave of many hun dreds ot small jurisdictional strikes during coming months, and a pe riod at exceptional labor unrest ?sJy% 0Tm t la I J I A ,rr / I r*- rTTi mrM^Tk^'K- ^Tli ?l*/ + ? T\v\Jk{F* P"H PV JHl^MJri illEfigSE I * / SM^Lj! r \ i V T'$\\ Mm m I rvNE of the few places where people speak of thrift ^ with respect. . . Vermont, a small state pulling its ?till share of weight with the rest of the nation and naking its own budget meet I The world has marveled at Vermont's scenic won lers. Many have witnessed the spontaneous explo sive splitting of quarry blocks at some of its quar 'ies, where great blocks of granite suddenly snap oose with a sharp report. But the world should know Vermont's people, too. They were first to express con stitutional prohibition of all human slavery 1 They vere first in the nation to provide universal manhood suffrage, with voting not dependent upon property, >wned or rented, or a specified yearly income. Vermont always hated slavery, and its legislatures idopted annual resolutions against it. Southern states (rew more angry each year. The Georgia legislature requested President Pierce to employ enough able rsodied Irishmen to dig a ditch around Vermont and loat "the thing" out to the Atlantic ocean! A Virginia newspaper gravely commented that Vermont was "al ways foremost in the path of infamy." Years later, Robert T. Lincoln, son of the Great Emancipator, came to Vermont to make his home at Manchester. A marker now stands on the lot in Ben nington where William Lloyd Garrison lived, and where lie edited the "Journal of the Times" early in the 19th century. Also, Bennington was the birthplace of John F. Winslow, builder of the "Monitor," the steel shjfiof Civil war fame. Vermont is a pleasant place. The climate is cool and the atmosphere dry. The summer season, between frosts, is from 110 to 160 days, depending on location and altitude. Evidences of the ice age still prevail in rounded and grooved ledges, polished rock surfaces, ice-borne boulders and great deposits of unsorted sands, clays and gravels. The range of scenic interest is vast, with mountains and broad valleys, river and lakes, and abundant forests. There will often be 10 feet of snow cover in the central part, and 34 to 46 inches of rain fall through the year. Lake Champlain is 120 miles long, and there are many others, including Lake Wil loughby. Lake Dunmore and Silver ( LB?. From Mount Mansfield, 4,393 feet high, there is an excellent view of the White Mountains and Adiron dacks, with Lake Champlain visible 30 miles away. Vermont has over 900 peaks with an altitude of 2,000 TEAR AROUND . . . Tor picture shows canoeing on Lake WIU oa|hbf. Bottom is Toll Road House at the foot of Mt. Mansfield. feet or ? over. There ere over 400 lake* in the (tate, and forest* and forest parks cover over a half-mil lion acres. Hunting, trapping and Ashing are always available to the rugged outdoor man. There are recreational activities in Vermont all through the year skiing into April, Ashing and other vacationing from May to late fall, and touring and hunting to the open ing of the winter season. Tourists penetrate to every comer of the ^ A Vtrmmt kpi ?'?' state and each section has its scenic attractions. Vacationists find al most every kind of allure in Ver mont, including hiking on the fa mous Long Trail and horseback rid ing on the thousand-mile bridle trail system. Vermont is pre-eminently a dairy ?tate. with beef, milk, butter and cheese as important products. It is also well suited to diversified farm ing and fruit growing. Many sheep are raised there, and it waa in Ver mont that the Morgan horse was developed. Both in quality and quantity Vermont leads all maple producing states with a normal yield of about 40 per cent of the total. The 35.000 bearing apple trees In the state's orchards yield a product of notable quality. In industry Vermont is noted for lumber and lumber products, wool en mills, paper-making, marble, granite, slate, lime, asbestos, talc, soapstone, kaolin, ocher and other products. Steel squares were in vented in Vermont and are still manufactured at St Johnsbury. In recent years a growing num ber of writers and artists have made Vermont their permanent homes. Others spend a part of the year there. Dorothy Canfleld Fish er, who loves her Arlington home, is one of the state's authors. Robert Frost, the poet lives in Shaftsbury. Chester A. Arthur was the first native Vermooter to become Presi dent of the United States, later fol lowed to the White House by Calvin Coolidge of Plymouth. Adm. George Dewey, Levi P. Morton, John Deere, John B. Mansfield, Stephen A. Douglas, John C. Saze, Joseph Smith, Alphonso Taft, Brigham Young and many other flgures in history were born in Vermont. ^ ??? J hum <j wwmitt ?MVW MU?M W In Poultney, when a lad, Horaca Greeley set type In a small print shop. Salmon P. Chase lived and studied law at Randolph. Peacharo was the boyhood home of Thaddeus Stevens. Eugene Field, with rec ollections of his boyhood in New fane, based several of his poems oo local life in Vermont Few states have produced so many notables in all lines of endeavor as hardy, mountainous Vermont. Samuel Champlain, French ex plorer, was the first white man known to have seen any part et Vermont. When coming from Can ada, in 1609, he went up the long lake that bears his name. The first settlement in Vermont, though short lived, was also by the French, when Captain La Motte built a fort and a shrine on Isle La Motte. In lfififi, Capt. Jacobus de Warm established an outpost on what 2s now Chimney Point. In general, "however, Ver mont was a no-man's land in the 17th and 18th 'centuries, a mere passageway for French and Indian raiding parties seeking the English farther south and east. From the earliest days, Vermont gave attention to primary education. - The University of Vermont eras chartered in 1791. Other institutions for higher education include Nor wich university, Northfield, the sec ond oldest military college in the na tion; Bemlington college; Middle bury college; St. Michael's, Win sooki; Trinity, Burlington. There are three normal schools and tare junior colleges in the state. One of the crowning features ot Vermont is the province of the Green mountains. Here are found the highest peaks?Killington, Efi len, Lincoln, Camel's Hump, Mana> field and Jay. The physical geog graphy of the state is diversified, however, with the Vermont lowland on the west and much rolling coun try eastward. The state's geology is complex and extremely fascinat ing. Vermont is nicknamed "The Green Mountain State." Its motto is "Freedom and Unity." The state flower is the red clover; state bird, hermit thrush; state song, "Hail, Vermont." ? MORTIMER R. FROCK* | GmiW ?f VllMM* ^ is. ^
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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May 23, 1946, edition 1
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