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The Alamance Gleaner = ? VOL. LXXII GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, JUNE 27, 1946 No. 21 o%c (7t/ldZ . By EDWARD EMERINE WNU Features. Delaware is that big little state in the heart of the East coast, where so many riches are confined to a small area. It is rich in soil and climate as well as in material things ? industries, banks and corporations. It is also rich in traditions and history, in military and naval heroes, in ven erable homes, churches and public buildings. It is called "The Dia mond State." "After having seen . . . the banks of the Brandywine a scene of bloody fighting, I am happy now to find upon them the seat of industry, beauty and mutual friendship," said Lafay ette .when he visited Delaware in 1824. For more than 300 years the citi rens of Delaware have played a significant part in the development at the nation. It was one of the original 13 colonies and in 1787 it became the first state in the Union, ahead of all others in adopting the Constitution. In IfiSS tha SorAffAfi ?* permanent settlement at Fort Chris tina, now a part of Wilmington. Tins colony superseded the ill-fated me by the Dutch in 1631 at Zwaan endael, now Lewes. Through the co lonial period the Delaware counties were ruled successively by the Swedes, the Dutch and the English, tauter the duke of York and William Perm. In 1776 they declared their independence, emerging as the State of Delaware. Industry, trade and commerce nourished The inventions of Oliver Evans of Newport made the state one of the great flour-milling cen ters of the world. In 1802 the Du Pont powder mills were established. The Delaware and Chesapeake ca nal Was completed in 1829. Rail roads, modern highways and air planes came later, attracted by the progressive spirit of Delaware. This little state and its people have stood the test of time. Most of the early settlers?Swed ish, Finnish, Dutch, Scotch, Irish and English?were accustomed to till ing the soil. Situated within 250 miles of one-third of the population at the United States, Delaware fanners are close to a ready mar ket and the state still has great agricultural importance. Wheat, earn, hay and other field crops are glown with ease and the sandy coastal area grows practically all agricultural crops, including fruits rrand vegetables, known in the Tem perate zone. In the northern part of the state, the staple field crops predominate, but to the south the fanners rely upon peaches, apples, truck crops, small fruits, poultry and dairying. Industry in Delaware began with gnat mills, sawmills, boat ana imp hnildiiig, and other small manu factnrers. Wilmington and vicinity is the chief manufacturing center at the state. Its products are varied and include leather goods, ships, machinery and hardware. Wilming ton is also the headquarters of E. I. daPont de Nemours and company, the nation's largest manufacturer of dtoersified-chemical products. Like wise, Wilmington, the state's larg aat city, is its chief port, with ship traffic passing up the Delaware riv ar. About 20 years ago the Dela ware and Chesapeake canal was converted into a sea-level route. Paper-making plants in the valley of the Brandywine employ thou sands of workers. Kaolin clay is an important quarry industry. Along the coastline, fishing fleets follow the migrations ot fish and much And, herring, rock and sturgeon are taken. Delaware bay yields oysters, clams, crabs and lobsters. Fruit canning and evaporating in dustries have large plants in Do ver, Milford, Middle town and Smyr naj. Apple orchard aear Dover, the itate capital. PSNllfYLVANlA If I Pit Jl 4 % A z ->rn ? itlN^ ivvx DOVER, yMLFOnD > DeJfiwore I Delaware has a clear-cut recre ation area?the shore line north and south of Cape Henlopen where the Delaware bay meets the Atlantic ocean. There is excellent salt wa ter fishing there as well as swim ming and bathing. Fresh water streams provide good fishing for bass, crappie, pike, yellow perch and catfish. The lower part of Del aware offers excellent gunning for small game. Some neighborhood clubs sponsor fox hunting. There are 50 fresh water lakes in the state. Everywhere in Delaware is a landscape worth painting. With farms and orchards along the Dela ware river and hay, the state is capped by hills in the north and ocean dunes in the south. It has trees of unusual height?pine, oak, walnut, hickory and yellow poplar predominating. The entire main land was wooded when the colonists landed there. Even along the beaches the air is often pine-scent ed and health-giving. Every square foot in Delaware is historic ground. Every town has its markers and. monuments to re call its glorious "past, such as the statue in Wilmington to Caesar Rod ney who cast the deciding vote to assure the Declaration of Independ ence. There are many bid colonial homes in Dover and Lewes is known as the birthplace of the first state. Every road in Delaware leads to more markers, more re minders of three centuries of cul ture and tradition. The flags of four nations have flown over Delaware?the Nether lands, Sweden, Great Britain and the United States. The state was named when Captain Samuel ArgaH of the English colony in Virginia came to the entrance of the bay and named it Cape La Warre, for Lord de la Warre, Sir Thomas West, then governor of Virginia. The state has long boasted of a balanced bud get and low taxes. Delaware is little geographically, but it is big in every other wayl The main part of Wilmington crowds closely about tiny, open Rod ney Square. From The Rods, the city extends fanlike between two streams, the Christina river and Brandywine creek, into wooded highlands on the north and undu lating lowlands on the south. It was first named Willingtown, the name being changed about 1740 in honor of the earl of Wilmington. Dover, the capital, is near the center of the state. It is the mar ket and shipping point for fruit, vegetables and other products grown in the low, fertile orchard and farm lands that surround it. In 1694 about 200 acres was bought for the town and a courthouse and prison were built some time before 1697. Nothing was done about laying out Dover, however, until 1717. It be came the capital of the state in 1777, the seat of government being trans ferred from New Castle. WALTER W. BACON Governor of Delaware Now in his second term in the State House, Governor Bacon was born in New Castle and has spent almost his entire time in that state. After a business career, he became mayor of Wilmington in 1935 and served three successive terms. He took oSce as governor in 1941 for a four-year term, and was re-elected in 1944 for another four years. . The University ol Delaware is at Newark in the northwestern corner of the state. Lewes, at the mouth of Delaware bay, is the saltiest town in the state and known to every ship captain who has ever rounded Cape Henlopen in a gale. Milford was early noted as a shipping and ship building town. New Castle, six miles south of Wilmington on the Delaware, is the oldest town in the Delaware valley and has many his torical attractions. Rehoboth is the largest summer resort in Delaware, due to its excellent beach. Delaware's Statehouse Of historical interest is the old State House of Delaware at Dover, built on the site of the Kent county courthouse erected in 1722. By , 1787 the facilities of the old court house were no longer adequate for the needs of both county govern- ? ment and the state legislature. It was decided to "pull down the old courthouse and use the hard bricks for the foundation of the new build ing" as there was not enough money for a stone foundation. Funds were raised by a state lot tery and construction of the new building started in 1792. Three years later the general assembly author ized the completion of the battle ments, covered the roof with cop per, erected stone steps, paved in front of the building and placed seats in both houses of the legislature. I OU T*wa Hsll, Wilmtaftaa Typewriter Doodling: Love-Letter Dept.: From Emery Reves, author of the best-seller. "The Anatomy of Peace." . . . "This is one of the most peculiar moments of history. The problem of wrfr between the nations is solved. The organization of peace on a world-wide level is within our grasp. And yn?the probability is that we shall run into our own de struction because of the conform ism and complacency of the press, radio, movies, churches and all the other organizations and technical media of mass enlightenment and education. I thank you for the rare exception you represent." Quotation Marksmanship: R. C. O'Brien: Think, before you brag about your ancestors?would they brag about you? . . . Chuchu Mar tinez: As inseparable as ham and ego. . . . Irving Hoffman: Ethel Merman's tombouyancy. . . . Anon: We have two ends, one to* sit on, the other to think with. Success depends on which end you use most. Heads you win, tails you loset . . . J. Joubert: Mediocrity is excellent to the mediocre. ... I. Panin: All wish for a long life; few realize it means old age. . . . R. Frost: The world is full of willing people. Some willing to work and the rest willing to let them. . . . Mile. Ber tin: There's nothing new except what is forgotten. . . . Dr. Wm. Brady: And other things too bloomerous to mention. . . . Eric Remarque: Women should be adored or abandoned?nothing in-be tween. Larry Sinter, visiting the bunch, told of the hoax put over (in the 1930s) by the editors of the Con*ll University Sun. . . . They sent out scores of invitations to political leaders throughout the nation, ask ing them to attend a dinner in hon or of Hugo N. Frye, "the founder of the Republican Party in N. Y. State." . . . Effusive tributes to that stalwart gentleman came from many Congressmen, Senators and Governors. . . . When the Sun staff finally held their shindig they re vealed the name of their hero? "You-Go-and-Fry!" Some of the lobster shift over at the N. Y. Mirror (having put the final edition to bed) sat around gab bing about the craft. They rehashed Irv Leiberman's saga about the two correspondents (for a national mag) who had strolled out of a mess hall at a Pacific base. . . . Just then a beau tiful native doll ankled towards them along the road. . . . She came on gracefully, looking neither right nor left ... As she passed, one of the lads clutched the other for sup port, and both gave her a double take. Her button-down-the-front dress was securely fastened by eight Good Conduct Ribbons I Johnny and Mike Hedgtns of the composing room brought in this clipping, which Editor & Publisher quoted from a mid-west paper. "Pa," said the subscriber's little daughter, "why do editors always refer to themselves as 'we'?" "So that," replied papa, "the fel low who doesn't like what Is printed about him will think there are too many for him to lick." Several ienespondanla have re ported that the American occupa tion of western Germany is proceed ing according to anything but the plan set at Potsdam. . . . One of the staff, who recently returned from there, explained: "The DPs are getting kicked around while some Nazis live in comfort. That's at the bottom. At the top, German industrialists are being helped back into power instead of being In dicted as war criminals It seems that the Nazi occupation of Ger many is proceeding smoothly and the Hitlerites are determined that the U. S. zone will soon be com pletely de-Americanized." One ef the Interesting observa tions came from Irving, the night phone operator. ... He told of the editor of Algar, an astrologists' mag. . . . This editor used to get as high as 11,000 per reading from Wall Streeters. ... He once took a policy from broker Max Reibeisen ?for $10,000. . . . "Do you," said Max, "wish to pay it annually, semi annually or quartertyT" "Quarterly?up until July 21st," said the astrologer. "It is silly aft er that because my horoscope says I'll die then." On July 21st, to the very day. Reibeisen received a phone call from Atlantic City. . . . The astrol oger succumbed from pneumonia . - '.a?i.. L - - f * 1A|I WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Allocate Steel to Brace Farm Machinery Output; Pare Power of OP A; Food Prices on Rise ? Rriwwd by Western Newspaper Union. " (EDITOR'S MOTS! Wbo aalalsaa ara n|iHMl la Dm ??lamas, IfcaT ata ttaaa K (Waatara Nawapapas Ualaara aaws aaalrau aa< am ??*???? rlly al Ifela aawapapar.) Finding use (or block* of stone from wartime blitzes, English sculptors fashion figures la public dump with permission of Lon don county council. 5TEEL: New Priorities Production of vitally needed farm equipment to help meet heavy domestic and foreign food demands will be maintained throughout the summer months as a result of the Civilian Production board's estab lishment of special priorities for steel for the industry. At the same time, the CPA set up priorities for steel for manu facturers of building products to as sure adequate supplies for the vets' housing program. The government acted after the critical steel and coal strikes had reduced available stocks in the face of tremendous demand from industry generally. Farm equipment receiving prior ity consideration included combines, grain binders, corn pickers, potato diggers and pickers, sugar beet and cane harvesting machinery, haying equipment, corn shelters, fruit and vegetable graders, wheel type trac tors, washers, sackers and convey ors, ensilage cutters, row-type Held ensilage harvesters and peanut dig gers. n..iUiwW uuuuxu| yi uuuv. m iavuicu uiviuuc pressed steel bathtubs, sinks, lava tories, furnaces, pipe, fittings and duct work and steel registers and grills. LABOR: Maritime Pact As owner of 80 per cent of the merchant marine, the U. S. stepped into the maritime Industrial dispute and strove to avert a walkout threat ening American shipping the world over. At the same time, CIO Pres. Philip Murray came to the govern ment's assistance in seeking to achieve a settlement and prevent a split in the ranks of the maritime union factions, dominated by Big Joe Curran of the seamen and Harry Bridges of the longshoremen. In taking over negotiations after the unions and private operators failed to record progress after lengthy dickering, the U. S. part ly met CIO demands for a shorter work week by proposing to pay sea men straight time for 4> hours and time and a half for ? hours on the severfth day. The work week for longshoremen was trimmed from 44 ' to 40 hours. NirUtaM cMaftmiai (Mt to [ right) Horry Bridgaa, JoMfk Cmr rmn mad Hugh Bryaaa. All ship personnel were offered a $17.90 per month increase while longshoremen would receive ap proximately a 22 per cent per hour boost. CONGRESS: Trim OPA Encouraged by the inadequate row of goods to market in the re conversion period, bouse and senate conferees found themselves in agreement on a number of provi sions for removing OPA control over the economy as they met to whip up joint legislation on extend ing the life of the agency. Though passing two different bills, both chambers found this com mon ground of agreement as they undertook to fashion a permanent measure: Removal of price ceilings when supply of a commodity is deemed saffleient. Elimination of subsidies with in a year. Allowing manufacturers and distributors adequate profit margins. Forbidding OPA to compel dealers to absorb production Abolition of OPA's "maxi mum price regulation" under which clothing makers are re quired to balance output of cheap and expensive goods. FOOD: Prices Rise As a result of recent OPA price adjustments to compensate for ris ing production expenses, the annual retail cost of meat, milk, butter, cheese, dairy products and bread is expected to jump up almost half a billion dollars or about $3.43 a per son. This sum does not represent the total cost of recent price increases in food since charges for such sup plementary products like citrus fruits, cereals, apples and peaches also have been boosted. Following close upon OPA authori zation for a cent a quart increase in milk, 11 cents a pound for butter and I cents a pound for cheddar cheese, bread was raised a penny a loaf and bread type rolls a cent a dozen. The price increase on bread products was allowed to per mit bakers to cover higher costs re sulting from government orders to reduce their use of flour by 29 per cent. PALESTINE: British Hedge Even u the Arab League mat In Bludan, Syria, to formulate opposi tion to Anglo-American plans for Jewish immigration to Palestine, British Foreign Minister Bavin told the annual Labor party conference that immediate entry of 100,000 Jews to the Holy Land would impose se vere military and financial strain upon Britain. Because of the high tension exist ing between Arab and Jewish ele ments in Palestine, Britain would have to place an additional divi sion of troops in the country to pre serve order, Bevin said. Large scale financing also would be re quired for transport, housing ami extensive reclamation to solve the vexing land problem. Bevin's reference to the need of additional troops followed closely upon Secretary of State Byrnes' dis closure that Britain had requested the dispatch of American soldiers to Palestine to help maintain order in the event of agreement on per mitting the entrance of 100,000 Jews. With the immigration question brought to a head by bitter Arab op position and strong Jewish pressure for accepting the plan. President Truman appointed a special com mittee of cabinet members to assist him in formulating a policy on PaL estiiM. - - - - POLITICS: Rising Star The political (tar of Got. Earl Warren of California rose high and that of ex-Gov. Harold Stassen at Minnesota dipped low following Re publican primary elections in Cali fornia and Nebraska. Warren's Republican presidential stock zoomed as the result of his sweeping victories in both the Re publican and Democratic guberna torial primaries while Stassen'? pos sibilities dimmed with Republican voters repudiation of Gov. Dwight Griswold's bid for the Nebraska GOP senatorial nomination with Stassen's active backing. By building up popular endorse ment of his administrative record. Warren is cleverly following the traditional political practice of os tensibly having the office seek the man. By assuming the leadership, in a campaign to liberalize GOP domestic and foreign policy, Stas sen, on the other hand, has put him self in the ticklish position of the man seeking the office. BUSINESS: ' Well Heeled Having increased working capital by 27.5 billion dollars since 1941, U. S. corporations, exclusive of banks and insurance companies, have been well able to withstand the rigors of reconversion and plant idleness growing out of industrial unrest. At the end of 1945 working capital of American business stood at a rec ord high of 52.1 billion dollars, tha Securities and Exchange commission reported. During the year, reserves rose 8.3 billion dollars, with tax re funds under the tax adjustment act of 1945 contributing to the increase. From 1939 to 1945 cash holdings of corporations rocketed from 10.9 bil lion dollars to 22.5 and government securities from 2.2 billion dollars to 21.1. Meanwhile, federal income taxes showed a sharp rise from 1.2 billion dollars in 1939 to 11.1. Tax receipts reached a peak of 18.5 bil? lidh dollars in 1943. BASEBALL: Union Balked Robert Murphy's drive to unionize the big leagues received another set k..L ..k.. 4k. XT UdV.& WUCII IUC I*m? tional Labor Rela tions board advised its Pittsburgh re gional office not to hold hearings at this time on ques tions involving Ju risdiction ever pro fessional teams Robert hie first reverse Wlwrftj when the Pittsburgh Pirates refused to strike to enforce demands of the American Baseball Guild io be rec ognized as collective bargaining agency of the Club: Though Mur phy had claimed 96 per Cent guild representation, the Pirates voted not to walk out after a closed -two-hour meeting. Despite his double setback, the 34-year-old Murphy appeared to have a Strong foothold in the game, with the comparatively lower paid rookies sympathetic to' his move ment. In addition to (Habiting a guild majority on si* teams, he says he has members on seven' other clubs. Charging fees ranging from SO cents per week for a member making $S,000 or less to $1.50 week ly for men in the higher brackets, the guild seeks a $7,500 yearly mini mum and a player's cut of 10 per cent on his sale price. TOBACCO: Affirm Monopoly uy unanimous vole, the Supreme court affirmed the existence of a monopoly in the tobacco industry on the unprecedented (rounds that the practices and operations of the defendants were sufficient to estab lish their guilt without need for proving actual exclusion of competi tors. Affected by the verdict were American Tobacco company (Lucky Strike), Liggett k Myers (Chester field), and R. J. Reynolds (Camel), the "Big Three" of the industry. Tracing the background of the industry sinc^ the American To bacco trust was broken up in 1911, Justice Burton asserted that from 1913 the "Big Three" established a monopoly which grew until it con trolled 70 per cent of cigarette pro duction, (S3 per cent of smoking to bacco and 44 per cent of chewing tobacco during the 1937-'41 period. In citing monopolistic tendencies, the court pointed out that the three companies maintained large re serves of tobacco to make them in dependent of the market in any one year; refused to purchase tobacco on markets unless all three were represented, and placed limitations and restrictions on market prices. During 1933 and 1933 Camels and Lucky Strikes were actually sold at loss to throttle competition, the court found. ?
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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June 27, 1946, edition 1
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