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VOL. LXXII GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, JULY 11, 1946 No. 28
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By EDWARD EMERINE
WNC
ljARADOXIC ALL Y, the oldest part of the
A United States, in point of settlement, was only
recently re-discovered by the people of America.
It is the state of Florida, where only a half cen
tury ago the first train rumbled into the station
at Miami, and the highway to the Keys was not
opened until 1934. Only in recent years have
Florida agriculture, livestock and industry, as
well as substantial year-around living, been
brought to the attention of the United $tates. The
"empire of the sun"?old in history and tradition
?is new to millions of people.
Florida is more than sweeping coastlines, broad
beaches, beautiful hotels and resorts. It is more than
a playground. It is a commonwealth of stability, offer
bag die last eastern frontier and tremendous areas for
development.
Florida has known a procession of discoverers and
conquerors?Spanish cavaliers and grandees, tonsured
friars and soldiers of fortune, villains and heroes, men
af incredible daring and men of fiendish cruelty, dream
ers who sought Utopia and the Fountain of Youth, men
who murdered in their lust for gold.
Back of the Florida of today, with its bathing beaches,
golf courses, race tracks, social events, fishing, agricul
ture, livestock and industry, is the romance of centuries
when men of many nations battled and fell, where mail
dad Spaniards struggled through morasses, where In
dians resisted bitterly their white aggressors, where
?unadnds were murdered because of their religion, and
whom awash-buckling pirates, mer
cBam warriors and fantastic adven- a
- V.1J
?uai nciu swajr.
When the Spaniards first arrived
en the mainland in 1513, they saw
Florida Indians wearing gold and
?Beer ornaments. Drawing largely
an their Latin imaginations, the
Dene sent word back to Spain that
Florida was a land of golden treas
ure. Fact and fancy were so close
ly interwoven in the history of early
Florida that much of it must be
passed over lightly.
But a Latin imagination is not re
quired to add luster to Florida to
day!
A Land of Frnits.
The palm trees are real; they are
not desert mirages. (Incidentally,
there were no palm trees growing
when Florida was discovered. The
pehn trees came when a cargo at
coconuts washed ashore from a
wrecked ship in 1879 and a grove
eras started at Palm Beach.) The
citrus trees are real, too, and Flor
ida's grapefruit, oranges, tanger
ines, limes, lemons and kumquats
are used in millions of American
homes. Likewise, Florida watermel
ons, strawberries and non-citrus
trait are extremely edible and nour
No figments of the imagination
are fields of celery, potatoes, beans,
cabbage, cucumbers, lettuce, pep
pers, tomatoes and other truck
crops. Florida has no equal in the
production of phosphate, naval
stores. Fuller's earth, sponges, ci
GOVERNOR CALDWELL
oI Florida
??Hard Fillmore Caldwell re
dgaed aa representative la eon
rm to move to bis farm to Loos
???toy. He raises pecans, |es
toto farm crops and beef sad
Astoy cattle. He sbe practiced
tow to TaRahassee before he bo
gars, etc. Likewise, Florida leads all
states in the variety of soils, crops,
fishes, trees, flowers, herbs and
birds. And Florida is big in area.
An automobile to reach Key West
from Pensacola, by way of Jackson
ville, must drive 100 miles farther
than Jacksonville is from Washing
ton, D. C.
Florida pineapples are real, too.
And the fields of cotton, tobacco,
peanuts, hay and other crops are
substantial. Poultry raising is a
large and growing industry. Florida
has nearly a million and a half
cattle ? both dairy and beef types,
and many more ranges and pas
tures are available. Its ranches are
measured in thousands of acres,
with cowboys riding heed on Brah
man and other steers! There are 10
million acres of good land as yet
undeveloped in Florida.
Industry in Florida is an actual
ity too. The "playground" is being
utilized for workshops and factories,
shipyards and mills. Its paper
mills are producing, and new ones
being built. Florida cement plants
are always busy. Florida factories
make everything from glassware
and cotton goods to furniture and
ships. Approximately 10 per cent of
the fish business of the United States
is centered in the Peninsula State.
The only commercial sponge fish
ery in the United States is in Flor
ida.
Mine and Forest Products.
Nature gave Florida phosphate,
limestone, sand, kaolin, clay and
cement. Its lumber industry is grest
and growing greater. The Florida
tidewater red cypress is known as
"the wood eternal." Florida's yel
low pine is produced In volume for a
variety of uses. Turpentine and ros
in, "naval stores," are liquid gold
from Florida pines. Tung orchards
are a new and vigorous industry for
the state.
Millions of. Americans visited
Florida for the first time during the
war. They were the men and wom
en of the military and naval forces
who were trained at Florida bases
? Pensacola, Valparaiso, Camp
Blandlllg, Orlando, Tampa, West
Palm Beach, Miami, Key West
and many others. Now that the
war is over, many of them are re
turning to Florida where they will
make their homes, enter business,
and help develop industry.
Less than 75 years ago Rockledge
was the most southerly settlement
on the east coast. Fort Pierce was
in the heart of the Indian country,
and Indian river was a wild, al
most unknown area, the haunt of
wild fowl and flamingoes. St
Petersburg was non-existent. Okee
chobee, the largest body of fresh
water in all the southeest was
scarcely more than a aemi-lengend
try lake aomewhere in the heart
of the Everglades. There was not a
farm, plantation, settlement or
town throughout all the district be
tween Jupiter and Biscayne Bay
and the Gulf of Mexico.
Yet St. Augustine is the oldest
town in America 1
Those who see only beaches,
beautiful hotels and resorts, palm
trees and moss-draped oaks may
say: "This is Florida!" And quick
ly another may retort: "And so is
this!" And he will be pointing to
agriculture, livestock, industry and
Grapefruit grows near Orlando.
substantial homes. Railroads, har
bors, waterways, airports and1
broad highways bring both Flori
da* ? the playground and the home
ground ? within 48 hours of any
part of the United States.
America's re-discovered land of
fers its magnificent mansions, Span
ish architecture, rich historic lore,
scores of delightful towns, miles of
farms and ranches, dozens of fac
tories and mills, airports and
smooth highways, to everyone. See
Florida's east coast; visit its west
coast. And in between the coasts,
see the Everglades ? the strangest,
most unique, most mysterious, of
natural land formations on the con
tinent.
Discover Florida for yourself. Mil
lions of others have I
WmI Coast Settled
Before East Coast
Although mueh is heard about
Florida's east coast, tha west coast
on the Gulf of Mexico is equally
notable. From 10 to 30 years before
St. Augustine was founded, there
were Spanish settlements at Tampa
Bay, Charlotte Harbor and Pensa
cola Much of the interior of west
ern Florida had been explored and
oranges had been introduced be
fore either the Dons or the French
had erected their first fort on the
east coast.
fe? York Ringude:
One of os wondered how the Louis
iana RKO fight films would get
ver since there wasn't a real blow
truck in Round One and not much
Ighting in the following rounds un
il the finish.
"The movies will be awful dull."
aid a fellow.
"They'd look a lot better." said
i wag, "with Lana Turner!"
Gracie Allen, the fight expert of
lurns h Allen, was among the
forking Press section in Row A.
. . When the 6th round ended, she
10-hum'd: "Only nine more rounds
o go!" . . . Sherman Billingsley was
he guest of Prof. Runyon at the
ingside. The Stork man was
hrilled about getting a "free" seat,
ie bought $1,000 worth of $100
lucats, which he gave to friends.
. . After round two (in which Conn
rked the champ with some fancy
loop-la) Louis gave Conn the most
'efrigerated glare since Son] a Henie
ced Dan Topping. . . . When In
come Tax Collector Nun an met
leavy taxpayer Ann Sheridan, she
{roaned: "Hullo, boss." ... As the
{ambling wiseacres put it: "Never
}et against a champion?until he
loses."
Admiral HiImj was Irked over
an editorial in a mid-western paper,
which rapped his former Comdr.,
Harold Stassen. . . . The editorial
ist inaccurately stated that Stassen
"hid behind Halsey's skirts."
"That's the damndest tommyrot I
ever heard of," barked the Admiral.
"It was )ust the other way 'round!
I was far behind Stassen's ship
when the Japs dropped bombs on it
?killing 73 of Stassen's crew!"
Gen. Elsenhower has a new style
of answering politicoe who are try
ing to get him to give some hint on
trhether he'd consider running for
President on the Repub ticket. He
refers them to his wife, who says: "I
don't like politics." . . . While Uncle
Sam sends vast hunks of our fleet
to Bikini for destruction?the Brit
ish continue to build up their navy.
. . . The king without a throne (Leo
pold of Belgium) will figure in a
story out of Switzerland where he
plans to white-wash his war record
with some sort of defense. . . . The
National City Bank has purchased
a plot of land in Sao Paulo (Brazil)
and paid more for it than they paid
for their Wall Street headquarters.
... A Boston firm recently bought
a million and a half surplus knives,
forks and spoons from the gov't.
Then they stamped them: "Stolen
from the U. S. Army." They sold
like mad to war vets who like to
boast.
A group of Soviet engineers have
arrived in the U. 8. "to study public
works systems," under the tutelage
of the Federal Works Agency. . . .
They'll visit Chi, San Francisco,
Los Angeles and San Diego. They
are "interested" In bridges, streets
and highways. ... Is dot zohT . . .
If the Army-Navy merger goes
through (which insiders believe it
won't), Stuart Symington will be
Secy of Nafl Defense. . . . Lots of
big shots are reported loaded with
Mexican gold. They keep it to
circumvent the ruling about posses
sing American gold coins. . .. You'd
be amassd at the number of big
shot American writers and others
who pay no taxes by living in Cuba
?and continue selling pieces up
here. And for good reason, too. Au
thors often use four years to write
a book, and if it's any good, it is
a best-seller. Then they are taxed
heavily the year they are paid?
not the four years devoted to doing
the work.
?mtmnm About Town: Admiral
Halsey, in mufti, at the Stork with
his daughter, Mrs. Lee Spruance,
confirming that it is pronounced
Hirrah-shim-msh not Hlro shea mer.
. . . When we reported that months
ago a Navy lad "corrected." . . .
Youthful Lord Lascelles (King Geo's
nevview), one of England's greatest
"catches," lunching unrecognized at
the Colony. . . . Gen. Hap Arnold
in a tweed get-up at the same spot.
. . . Jimmy McLamin, who furious
ly fought Tony Canzoneri many
times at the Garden, embracing him
at Toots' . . . D. Runyon shopping
at Hanson's drug store unrecognized
by some of the kerrickters he got
rich writing about. . . . Prof. Albert
Einstein, New York's top answer to
England's Bavin grate . . . Dudley
Digges, the first to be signed for
Eugene O'Neill's "Ice Man Com
eth" play. . . . Jacques Goldstyne,
RKO"s good-will man-a bout-town, in
charge of visiting Ingrid Bergman.
Tough Job.
FOOD:
Production Outlook
Though the peek in (amine ship
ment* will be reached within the
next month, export requirements
throughout the next year will re
main large because of small carry
overs in foreign countries, the de
partment of agriculture reported.
At the same time, the department
stated that domestic supplies should
remain at high levels, though less
meat will be available and grain
conservation will be required to
spread stocks for U. S. and foreign
use.
Approximately II billion pounds
of meat will be produced, assuring
consumers of s per capita consump
tion of from 139 to 140 pounds, some
10 pounds below this year's aver
age but above the prewar figure.
Despite an expected 4 to 8 per
cent drop in egg production and an
8 to II per cent decline in poultry,
supplies should fill both domestic
and foreign demands.
Continued high production will as
sure civilians of about the same
percentage of dairy products dur
ing the next six months while gov
ernment demands for foreign relief
shipments of cheese, canned milk
and dried milk will largely be met.
Supplies of processed foods and
vegetables during the next 12
months should equal or exceed
those of the last year but dried
fruits may be scarcer.
The continued shortage of fats and
oils will persist and domestic con
sumption probably will be limited
th? im&.'48 level.
OPA:
| Goods Flow
Settlement of the itatui of OPA
I was expected to result In a flow of
farm commodities and manufac
tured goods to the nation's markets
to relieve the huge pent-up postwar
demand.
Heavy shipments at begs sad
cattle were anticipated by the
department of agriculture, which
even predicted a temporary
meat ghrt. Because at govern
ment pries sapparte, however,
farmers were assured at near
Increased quantities of manufac
tured goods were also expected, with
many producers releasing Urge
stocks previously held back for final
settlement of OPA pricing policies.
Cessation of an I hear and H
minute SU buster by Senator
O'Daniel (Dam., Tex.) paved the
way for flnal congressional con
sideration of the house senate
measure extending OPA for an
other year bat providing flexible
controls to assure producers and
distributors of adequate proflt
margins.
Food pricing authority would be
transferred from OPA to the depart- I
ment of agriculture, with the latter
directed to maintain control only on
items in short supply. All subsidies
except on copper, lead, zinc and
sugar would be terminated April 1,
1947, with government payments cut
to one billion dollars for the period.
CASUALTIES:
Complete Report
While New York with 11,119 killed
suffered the largest number of
army casualties during World War
?. New Mexico showed the high
est fatality rate of 4.77 per cent, *
the first complete casualty report
released by the war department re
vealed.
Dating from Uay 27, 1941, to
January 31, 1948, records listed a
total of 308,978 dead and missing
out of more than 10,000,000 men and
women mobilized for an over-all fa
tality rate of 3.98 per cent.
Having contributed the largest
number of personnel, the more pop
ulous states suffered the greatest
losses, Pennsylvania following New
York with 28,334 killed and Illinois
close behind with 18,801; California,
17,022; Ohio, 18,827 and Texas, 13,
764.
Heavy losses inflicted on a nation
al guard unit in the Philippines
early in the war contributed to New
Mexico's high fatality rate. With
2.20 per cent, Maryland had the low
est rate.
FOREMEN: J
Unionization Bucked r
Brought to a head by John L. Lew- I
is' determination to organize super- [
visory employees In the coal mines,
the struggle between industry and
labor over unionization of fore
men wound up in federal court
with the Jones and Laughlin Steel
corporation fighting the move.
TTie corporation's legal action was
intended to block government ad
ministrators of its four mines in
western Pennsylvania from negoti
ating an agreement with Lewis'
United Clerical, Technical and Su
pervisory Employees of District SO
of the United Mine Workers. Al
though excluded from the UMW It
self, some 133 foremen were de
clared eligible for membership in
the UMW's branch by the National
Labor Relations board.
Behind the employers' fight
against unionization of foremen is
its contention that supervisory per
sonnel function as a part of man
agement rather than as workmen
and their attachment to a labor or
ganization would result In the latter
Influencing employment policy.
U*N.:
Veto Issue
Russian application of tha veto
power three times during one ses
sion of the United Nations security
council added to the growing con
cern expressed over this privilege
reserved for the Big Five In the
U.N.'s postwar proceedings.
In employing the veto three times,
Ruasian delegate Gromyko not only
rejected a majority proposal permit
ting the U.N. assembly of SI nations
to discuss the question of diplomat
ic relations with Spain, but also
turned thumbs down on a decision
determining when he could use the
special power.
As in previous cases when Gro
myko had applied the veto, Russia
was outvoted on the question at
hand, receiving support mainly
from its puppet Polish government.
No less than 7 of the 11 security
council members, including the U.
S. and Britain, opposed the Reds.
Australian delegate Evatt ex
pressed the strongest resentment
against the Reds' free use of the
veto in scotching U. N. action inim
ical to Russian diplomatic interests.
Particularly reflecting the pique of
small nations to the big powers' veto
privileges, be snorted: "If we per
mit these methods and tactics then
we will have no right to exist as a
council. We are losing dignity and
self-respect"
CAPITOL HILL:
Irks President
In one of the rare public tiffa b?J
tween a President and senator, Mr.
Harry S. Truman dipped his pen fa*
acid and excoriated Charles W. To*
bey (Rep., N. H.) for fighting him
since he has been in office. Read
the letter on the senate floor,
Tobey immediately replied that tha
President seemed to forget the legis
lative privilege to take a side on
controversial issues of the day.
Mr. Truman took his pot-shot af
the senator after the latter had writ
ten to him and said he was making
a "Macedonian cry" (term for help
derived from biblical verse) for gov
ernment diversion of grafai to live
stock and poultry feeders as well
as foreign relief. Replying that tha
Secretary of Agriculture was in
structed to meet the situation as
best he can, the President added
that between livestock and people,
he would prefer to see livestock
starve.
At the same time Mr. Truman
took occasion to whack Tobey foe
leading the fight against Edwin W4
Pauley's nomination as' undersecre
tary of navy, charging that such
congressional assaults made it dif
ficult for the chief executive to in
duce capable men of accepting ap
pointments. Pauley asked that his
nomination be withdrawn after
heated hearings in which he was
charged with soliciting funds for
Democratic political campaigns
frrtm tirlourafnr nil men nfl nrnmlf
hat the U. S. would drop Ma claims
a these petroleum fields.
RUSSIA: \
?unish Republics
Demonstrating its demands for
rtrict adherence to the commit
list cause, the Soviet government
leprived two at its federated repub
ics of their self-rule for wartime
rollaboration with the Germans and
esettled many of their inhabitants
n other parts of the country.
No less than 1,500,000 people were
>ffected,in the Crimean and Chechen
ngush republics subjected to pun
shment. Situated in the southeast
im Caucasus, Chechen-Ingush, with
ts oil fields, represented the high
cater mark of German penetration
n the area before Stalingrad.
Specifically, Tartars of the Cri
nea and Chechens of Chechen-In
rush were charged with fighting
ilongside of the Germane sad car
ying on diversionary waifare be
tind the Russian lines. The popu
ation as a whole was scorad for
tot offering resistance to the native
collaborators.
Haviag w the dwttH sf
young aid, 'Trtxto," mt?
year-old "staging deg" tlh^ht
U Mrs. Amelia Ipeei et lm An
lelee. Calif. Ua pietere) was tea
dered a faD-dreee hartal faUow
iac death fna lead )iliah|.
Payiag last respects te grey
Maek cajdoe. friends (led tear
tally past Asass bsdsikti cas
ket. Nine ear restate then wad
farmed te meter M aaOaa te Cala- .
basas far cemetery serriees.
UNRRA:
Cite Need
With congress called upon to ap
propriate another 465 million dol
lars for the United Nations Relief
and Rehabilitation administration.
UNRRA revealed the crying need
for food in China, Austria, Italy
and Poland where disease, public
disorder and starvation are feared.
The most critical situation exists
in China, UNRRA reported, with
33 million people on an inadequate
diet end 7 million on the brink of
starvation. In the drouth-stricken
rice bowl of Hunan province people
are eating grass, roots, clay.
A further reduction in bread ra
tions has aggravated the situation
in Austria, where residents of Vienna
were said to go to the country an
Sunday to pick nettles and cook
them like spinach.
Slashing of the bread ration te
200 grains daily In Italy hat made
famine a reality in some areas. '
Severity of the food situation in
Poland led to the diversion of 10,006
tone of seed grain for human
consumption, reducing production
estimates by 100.000 tons.
Bury Dog in Style
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
Ample Food Supply Forecast;
U.S. War Dead Over 308,000;
Protest Russ Use of U.N. Veto
?????? Released by Western Newspaper Union. ??????~
{EDITOR'S NOTE: Win (plains an unnHl la Oih sslamas. Ifcil www Ikm ?'
SMin Ntvapapsr Ualss's uwi aasljsis ul psssaaarllr ?l tkls ?inmn.l
In midst of battered ruins el Munich, symbolic of shattered dreams
of Naxllsm, former bud leader, Frits Eohn, walks streets in search of
Job. Deported to Reich after the war, Knhn has settled with his fam
ily In the Bavarian birthplace of national socialism.