The Alamance Gleaner 1
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VOL. LXXII GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, AUGUST 1, 1946 No. 26.
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
U.S. Acts to Move Consumer
Goods to Market; British Press
Drive to Boost Postwar Exports
???????? Released by Western Newspaper Union. ?????J
<EDITOR'S NOTE: When opinions are expressed In these columns, they are these of
Western Newspaper Union's news analysis and net necessarily of this newspaper.)
American troops go into action in troubled port of Trieste to break
up clashes between Italian and Yugoslav factions demonstrating for
eoatrol of city. Bitter fighting between both elements continued de
spite Big Four effort to preserve peace by internationalising area for
.? Ifi years. One G.I. has been killed and another wounded while trying
to maintain order.
INVENTORIES:
Hit Hoarding
Hitting at the withholding of mer
chandise from the market in antic
ipation of higher prices, Civilian
Production administration drew up
stringent inventory controls on man
ufacturers of electrical appliances
and other scarce goods.
At the same time, CPA disclosed
that exports may be limited if ship
pers move out a flood of goods at
high prices to badly depleted for
eign markets. Restoration of OPA
price control would make such a
step unnecessary, it was said.
Under CPA regulations, invento
ries of finished goods would be re
stricted to 30 days. Included are
refrigerators, furniture, washing
machines, electric ranges, sewing
machines, vacuum cleaners, cam
eras, asphalt and tarred roofing, in
sect screen cloth and galvanized
ware.
Production material and parts
also must be held to minimum
needs to prevent heavy buying
against possible future price in
creases.
PRICE CONTROL:
Union Pressure
While house and senate conferees
mm strivine to work out a com
promise OPA bill
satisfactory to the
President, both the
AFL and CIO ex
erted strong pres
sure for reasonable
pricing of consum
er goods.
Addressing the
Brotherhood of
Maintenance o f
Way Employees in
Detroit, Mich.,
AFL President Wil
William Green
liam Green pledged his organiza
tion's support in the battle to save
OPA and backed up the union's
threat to seek higher wages in the
event adequate legislation is not
shaped.
Meanwhile, local leaders of the
ClO-United Automobile Workers ral
lied their member
ship for a buyer's
strike throughout
the country or
dered by UAW
Chieftain Walter
Reuther. As the
drive was to get
underway. Dun &
Bradstreet figures
showed that the
weekly index of 31
food commodities
had soared to $5.20,
Waiter Reuther
owy i.z per cent oeiow tpe
peak of 1919. Since expiration of
OPA controls, prices had rocketed
19 per cent, it was said.
MINE FOREMEN:
Win Pact
Paving the way for recognition of
unionization of foremen in coal
mines, pending court approval, the
federal government signed a con
tract with John L. Lewis' Clerical,
Technical and Supervisory Workers
covering 146 employees at four bt
taminous pits of Jones & Laughlin
Steel company in Pennsylvania.
In reaching an agreement with
Lewis as operator of the mines un
der seizure orders, the government
stipulated that the contract could be
voided in the event that a federal
court of appeals issued an injunc
tion against the action. Coal op
erators long have deferred recogni
tion at a foremen's union, assert
ing that supervisory personnel were
a part of management handling pro
duction in the companies' interest.
Under the pact negotiated by the
U. S. and Lewis, foremen were
given wage increases totaling $1.65
a day plus overtime after 40 hours.
The terms were made retroactive
to last May 22.
ARGENTINA:
Friendly Dispute
Although remaining a fast friend
of Great Britain, Argentina prom
ised to take its dispute with London
over possession of the strategic
Falkland islands off the southern
tip of South America to the United
Nations next fall for settlement.
Long held by the British in the
face of Argentine protests, the Falk
lands lie astride the Straits of Ma
gellan and Cape Horn leading from
the Atlantic to the Pacific oceans.
While Britain, as a major sea pow
er, has held on to possession of the
Falklands because of their com
mand of an important water route,
Argentina considers them essential
to its national security.
Aside from their strategic value,
the Falklands are of little impor
tance, being a cluster of barren,
gloomy islands.
BRITISH TRADE:
On Rebound
Known for their genius for com
merce, the British are making brisk
efforts to revive and expand their
postwar trade, which economists
agree must surpass prewar levels if
Britain is to reduce its wartime ex
port debt and preserve a high stand
ard of living.
In one of the first steps toward
rebuilding its trade, Britain con
cluded bilateral monetary agree
ments with the countries of western
Europe and Czechoslovakia for pay
ment of goods. Reaching behind
Russia's "iron curtain" in the Bal
kans, the British have been nego
tiating for an exchange of goods
with Romania, Bulgaria and Hun
gary.
Always a large exporter to South
America, Britain has sent a special
business mission to the continent to
drum up trade and clear the status
of British investments. Whereas
British exports to Argentina to
taled 80 million dollars before
the war, London hopes to increase
shipments to 120 million dollars by
next year.
JUSTICE:
Free Spy Suspect
The jury had just returned a ver
dict of not guilty on five charges
of spying against 30-year-old Nico
lai Redin, Russian naval lieutenant.
Elated by the finding, the stocky
defendant rose to his feet, crossed
to the jury box and shook hands
with the seven men and five women.
"Ladies and gentlemen of the
jury," he said in heavily accented
tones, "I want to thank you for the
fair trial I have received here in
America." Then shaking hands with
Judge Lloyd Black, he declared:
"The friendship between our two
countries has existed and will ex
ist."
Redin's acquittal followed Judge
Black's censure of the prosecution
for building up the international as
pects of the case, with their im
plications of U. S. and Russian dif
ferences. Arrested in Portland,
Ore., last March as he was about
to board a ship for Russia, he was
charged with obtaining and at
tempting to transmit secret plans of
the new 14,000-ton destroyer tender,
USS Yellowstone.
POLITICS:
Beat Wheeler
Political observers studied the
campaign in the Democratic sena
torial primary in Montana for a
clue to the cause of defeat of the
veteran Burton K. Wheeler, with a
variety of reasons appearing to con
tribute to his downfall.
Since the rugged veteran led the
non - interventionist cause before
Pearl Harbor, the Japanese attack
on the U. S. and the swing of Amer
ican sentiment toward effective
world co-operation were seen to
have acted strongly against him.
But because of the closeness of his
defeat, the CIO-PAC fight against
him, the opposition of the powerful
railroad brotherhoods and the di
version of the main strength of the
Democratic organization to his op
ponent, Leif Erickson, could have
weaned enough votes away from
him to spell defeat.
Winding up 24 years of senatorial
service, Wheeler said: . The
people of Montana have been very
good to me. . . . Those who voted
in the Democratic primary have re
lieved me of a great responsibility
and a lot of work. . . . Probably I
have lost many supporters because
I did not go along blindly with a
Democratic administration in the
last few years, but I could not sac
rifice my principles. . .
Return Talmadge
Georgia's gubernatorial election
shared the national spotlight with
Montana's senatorial race, with
fiery, red-suspendered Gene TaW
madge making his bid for a fourth
term on a platform of "white su
premacy."
Despite the fact that his No. 1
opponent, James V. Carmichael,
rolled up an impressive popular
vote, Talmadge took an early lead
in the decisive unit voting in which
winners are determined by the
number of counties they carry.
Against a background of a U. S.
Supreme court decision opening
Democratic primaries in the South
to Negroes, and another court rul
ing forbidding segregation on inter
state buses, Talmadge conducted a
vigorous "white supremacy" cam
paign. With Georgia's state ad
ministration under retiring Gov. El
lis Arnall making no effort to curb
the colored vote, more than 100,004]
Negroes, flocked to the polls, sep
arate booths being set up in some
election stations.
Browder Book Salesman
Once head of the Communist par
ty in the U. S. before his deposition
because of his advocacy of work
ing relations between the classes
instead of rivalry. Earl Browder re
turned from a six-week visit to Rus
Earl Browder
sia as official representative of So
viet publishers in this country.
Setting himself up in an office ir
New York, Browder told reporter!
he would seek to develop better un
derstanding between the Americar
and Russian people through the ex
change of literature. In addition tc
handling Soviet publications, h<
will sell U. S. books to the Reds.
POLAND:
Protests Election
Vice Premier Stanislaw Mikolaj
czyk, who returned to Poland aftei
the war to represent the moderate!
in the Soviet-sponsored provisions
government, had his first open tit
with the new regime over the con
duct of the recent elections.
Because of the stringent censor
ship of the Polish press, Mikolaj
czyk aired his grievances to foreigr
correspondents. Exhibiting a thou
sand partially burned and destroyer
ballots, which he said had been sal
vaged from sewers, he charged tha
numerous such ballots marker
against the government-backer
proposal for a single legislature ha<
been counted out. Reports from lo
cal committees in 12 cities, includ
ing Warsaw, showed 89.94 per cen
of the people against the propo
sition, which the government de
dared carried. '
While the election commissione:
denied the charges, he admitter
that in some places ballots were re
moved from polling places to othe
stations for counting, and somi
provinces had barred member
from Mikolajczyk's moderate Peas
ant party from voting I'lmiinlasiiaie
Stage Door:
George Arliss made $640,000 in the
U. S. That was his net estate, at
any rate. Compare him with Wm.
S. Hart. . . . Arliss didn't bequeath
a peso to any American charity? I
not even to the Episcopal Actors' <
Guild, of which he once was presi
dent. Phooey. . . . Fred Hillebrand
at 52 enters a local school of music.
Five years ago, not knowing a note,
he composed a Negro Spiritual
which was a smash hit. So he
decided to write an opera. That ex
plains why he is going to a music
school in a class with kids. . . . The
reason author Michael Strange (pen
name of an ex-Mrs. John Barry
more) isn't listed in the Social Reg
ister as Barrymore is this: Stage
names are not listed. Barrymore's
real name is Blythe.
Two Little Girls In Blue: The
lovely, blonde, middle-aged lady
dispensing sodas at Nicholas' in
Grand Central terminal was
once one of Ziegfeld's most -
celebrated beauties. Her name
is Doris Carlson. . . . Another
beauty in the same Ziegfold
show gal department recently
purchased 114 E. 44th street
(near GCTermlnal) for $244,444.
Her name: Polly Lux.
The Washingtongue - waggers:
Washington still has 8,000 dollar-a
year-men. . . . Income tax chief
Nunan is not happy over the pay
raise for all his men. Because he
has to fire half of them. The sena
tors who agreed to the pay tilt
demanded that that many be dis
charged to make up the new ex
pense! . . . New York realtors are
planning to whip the N. Y. State
rent control by using NRA as a
precedent. . . . According to Daniel
Delano Jr., the Delano family has
given 11 presidents to the nation.
He'll tell sill about it in a tome. . . .
Repub leader J. Martin, house mi
nority chief, will get his political
, opposition from Mrs. Martha Sharp,
I wife of a minister. . . . Sec'y of
State Byrnes, they say, told Molotov
to quit vetoing "the peace of the
world." Did he mean the tranquil
ity of China or the quiet and calm
! ; of Palestine?
John S. Davis has prepared a
new eiggie which will be mar
keted by one of the leading elg
aret firms. This eigaret, they
say, dilates the blood vessels
' and will raise the skin temper
store one degree, whereas pop
alar brands are said to lower It
by several. . , . The iodides In
this new eig counteract effect of
nicotine and It la reported to
have been tested successfully on
over fM medical students. . . .
It also is supposed to have low
ered their high blood pres
sure. ... Its name (six letters)
starts with "D."
Broadway Side-Show: This is one
of those Broadway sagas that make
you love the people in show busi
ness. . . . One of the chorus girla
in the revue, "Call Me Mister," la
Kate Friedlich. . . . She is also un
derstudy to the star ballerina, Maria
- Kamilova. . . . Last week Kate's
invalid father was wheel-chaired
1 into the National theater to witness
1 the hit. .. Kamilova (learning of the
' : visit) realized this would be one
1 of the old man's rare opportunities
' to see his daughter dance. . . . She .
1 insisted that Kate go on in her
> g>lace. ... All of which made an old
man and a young girl very happy, i
Most terrific anti-trust action
In history of the D. 8. la slated
for Sept. It will involve at least
sevdn of the boat-known broker
age houses, an Insurance firm
> and some banks. . . . Wendell
Serge's (D. of J.) trust-busters
' will charge that U. 8. production
Is deliberately bottleneeked by
the monopolies involved. . . .
One of the digest mags for Aug
ust has the exclusive story on K
i by B. Atlas. . . . Wall Street*rs
are poised for the big explosion
1 that win shake the nation's
financial setup.
1 Manhattan Murals: The Little
1 Vienna dishwasher who is a com
1 poser and music arranger on the
? side. He also publishes a monthly
- mag for amateur songsmiths. His
t name is Paul Christian; he's ST
? Helps newcomers. . . . The menu
- at the Stage delicatessen which
amuses the "Ellas" of the neigh
r borhood with this sandwich: "Ham
j and Swish." . . . The shapely blonds
. strolling through the park in a
r three-whistle play-suit. . . . Cab Cal
t loway will be next to column a la
s LaGuardia (paid newspaper ads).
k For the Zanzibar, in Jive lingo,
i
Returned Veterans Aid Outlook \
For Elderly U. S. Farm Couples ^
Alabama Brothers
Show Success in
Postwar Venture
Return of veterans from the
armed forces is aiding the fi
nancial outlook for many an el
derly U. S. farm couple.
Take the Bowdens in Coffee
county, Ala., for example.
Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Bowden are 69
and 63 years old, respectively, and,
because of their age, were not able
to make the most out of the farm
they were operating when their sons
were in service.
Upon their return from the armed
forces, Lynn \and Oren Bowden
shouldered the job of making a liv
ing for the family and increasing
dividends from the farm. Their
first objective was to buy the farm,
thus raising themselves and their
"old folks" out of the tenant farm
er class.
Since many elderly farmers and
their wives also are looking to their
sons to take over the home farm,
the story of the Bowdens is related
to show what can be accomplished.
Actually the story has its begin
ning in 1936 when, as the elder Bow
den frankly admits, "we were
down and out and had to struggle
to make ends meet." Unable to get
credit from regular lenders for
purchase of feed, seed;, fertilizer,
equipment and other farm needs,
the Bowdens resorted to a govern
ment agency, now the Farm Securi
ty administration, to secure the
necessary funds. Along with the
funds came instruction in sound
farming practices, which en
abled the Bowden family to Im
prove the efficiency of their opera
tions.
A_ period of progress followed, but
the'advent of war disrupted all the
family's plans. Both Lynn and Oren
were called into service, resulting
in an acute lack of help on the farm.
Lynn, 44, veteran of both world
wars, entered the army in 1940
when the Alabama National Guard
was called Into service. Oren, 31,
also was a member of the National
Guard and entered service early
the following year. A temporary re
I spite was gained when Oren was
j placed on inactive duty to help run
the (arm, but he later was called
back into service.
Upon their discharge early in
1943, both brothers returned to the
family (arm. Intent on purchasing
the 360-acre (arm, previously rent
ed by the family, the brothers ar
ranged the necessary financing with
Farm Security administration,
which permits 40 years at 3 per
cent interest (or repayment of (arm
purchase loans. A major factor in
the family's success was the diver
sified farming plan which the agen
cy helped the family to map out.
Faced with a $4,800 debt, contract
ed in purchasing the farm, the
Bowdens embarked on an ambitious
farm program designed to wipe out
the debt in shortest possible time.
Within a year they had paid off
more than half the debt. Today,
only three years later, the final pay
ment has been made to the govern
ment agency and the Bowdens are
lull owners o! their land.
With 160 acres of the farm
under cultivation, the Bowdena
produce peanuts as the main cash
crop. Carrying out their plan of
diversified farming, they also have
cotton, hogs and 12 head of beef
cattle, principally of the Black An
gus type. To develop their herd,
they recently purchased a purebred
Angus bull.
In 1944, the Bowdens marketed 20
tons of peanuts, 2600 worth of hogs,
I and $60 worth of cattle. They had
15 other hogs left over for market
ing by the end of that year as well
as 12 stock hogs and 2 milk cows.
Sale of chickens and eggs also add
ed to farm returns.
Marketings the following year in
cluded 20 tons of peanuts, 4 bales
of cotton and about 2588 worth of
hogs. After these sales, they had
24 Duroc shoats, 4 brood sows and
30 pigs on hand as well as their
beef cattle.
The "old folks" are helping the
veterans progress in their farming
venture. The elder Bowden raises
garden produce, selling 2U2 worth
of cabbage from a few rows in his
garden last year. Intent on increas
ing the returns, 'he has planted six
80-foot rows of cabbage this year.
Mrs. Bowden also is active in work
around the house and garden.
Size of the family also has been
increased. After the last farm pay
ment was made. Or en was married
and brought his wife to the family
farm home.
Today the Bowdens are considered
successful Alabama farmers. Each
member of the family does his prop
er share of work and all reap the
benefits of good living on a well
operated farm. Furthermore, the
elder Mr. and Mrs. Bowden can
take more time to enjoy the peace
and security of farm life now that
their boys, like so many others, are
home again from the war.
SEEK EXPERT GUIDANCE?The Bowden brother! and their par
ent! hare proved that they are food (armen, bat they frankly admit
they don't know it all. Here James S. Pridgen, Coffee eoanty, Ala.,
FSA supervisor, shows Lynn and Oren Bowden how to treat seed
peanuts to prevent damp rot after they are in the groond.
PIGS BOOST INCOME ... Or en Bowden Is shown here with brood sows
and some of the young porkers which will b? ready for market in the
fall. Ketarns from cattle and pics Increase earnings on tha Bowden
farm, which Is operated so a well-rounded diversified farming plan.
Loans to Veterans for Farm Purchases
And Operating Costs Reach High Peak
Setting ? new high In Farm Secur
ity administration loans to veterans,
5,400 ex-servicemen were financed
in purchase of farm operating
equipment or family farms within
a two-month period, according to
figures released by department of
agriculture.
The loans, made during March
and April, constitute nearly a third
of the total number the agency
has approved for veterans during
the last two years, FSA Admin
istrator Dillar B. Lasseter an
nounces.
Declaring that the agency expects
the record lending to continue, Las
seter reports that more than 20,000
veteran applications now are being
processed in county offices.
More than 16,000 veterans already
have received FSA assistance. Ap
proximately 1,000 of them obtained
farm purchase loans under terms
of the Bankhead-Jooes farm tenant
act from an earmarked fund set
up by congress. The rest have
loans to buy machinery and live
stock or for other operating
needs.
Soaring real estate prices and
lack of productive farms for sals
have handicapped veterans in their
quest for farms, LasSster says.
Guidance Plan
Aids Farmers
Getting Loans
Individual guidance In good farm
and home management practicea is
provided by Farm Security admin
istration with all loans, the depart
ment of agriculture emphasizes.
Each loan, the department re
ports, is based on a sound plan for
farm and home management that
is worked out by the borrower and
his family. The plan shows items
the farmer intends to raiye, his jsti
mated operating expenses and in
come he may expect to make.
A FSA supervisor, schooled in ef
ficient farm methods, helps each
family make and carry out the plan.
He will supply information on how
to select and care for livestock,
plan crop rotations and put other
good farm methods into practice. In
i most rural counties a home super
visor, trained in home economics,
also is available to assist the family.
Main objects of the guidance plan,
I according to FSA, are to help the
i fanner "get the most income from
' his work, obtain a good living for
his family and repay his loan."
CASES FOR CABBAGE . . .1
Most of tfco rardeniaf mm fte >
Bowdea farm is Mm If i. W. ,
Bosrdea, SI, father of the Bow
Ma brothers. Hero fee is asHfef
MOMh UNi***"' J